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"AbstrakThe influence of work ethics on employee performance is highly important. There has been indeed contradictive sight on some researches related to religious alliances. This research is aimed at analyzing the direct and indirect influence of Islamic work ethics on organizational commitment through job satisfaction. Data analysis is used path analysis. The sample of the study consists of 70 respondents. The result shows that Islamic work ethics has direct and indirect influence on organizational commitment. The indirect influence of Islamic work ethics on organizational commitment is lower than the direct one. Islamic work ethics can increase organizational commitment indirectly through job satisfaction. Meanwhile, the total indirect influence of Islamic work ethic on organizational commitment is smaller than the direct one. The managerial implication of the current research is that the principal should conduct an ongoing assessment on the work satisfaction of the teachers and employees in order to enhance their organizational commitment."

"AbstrakSeveral researchers found a positive relationship between the companys performance and corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities. The current study aims to explore the clients awareness and perception of CSR in Islamic and conventional banks across Bahrain. The study surveyed 305 clients that 175 from the Islamic banks, and 130 from the conventional banks. The results indicated that the clients of Islamic banks are more aware of their banks CSR activities than the clients of conventional banks. The result shows that Islamic banks clients have a more positive perception of their banks CSR than those of the conventional banks. Additionally, the results indicated that there are statistically significant differences in the clients awareness and perception of banks CSR activities when the clients group according to age, income, education, and bank type."

"AbstrakIn order to increase access to formal financial institutions, the Indonesian government has issued various national strategies. However, Indonesia inclusive financial index is still under other ASEAN countries. Therefore, in this study, we investigate the factors that influence financial inclusion in Indonesia. The microdata from global findex 2014 was carried out in this study by using binary logistic regression analysis. The finding indicates that there is a significant positive relationship between individual characteristics, including financial inclusion, constraints to financial inclusion, utilization of financial services motivation, and loan sources. Since the main targets of financial inclusion are the poor, this finding becomes an essential proposition for policies in the banking sector, that besides the factors of gender, age, education, and type of jobs, income is the primary factor that influences access and utilization of financial services. Mainly regarding loans, increased income will increase the opportunities of the poor to getting loans because only high-income groups have collateral in applying for loans."

"ABSTRAKPinjaman mikro untuk memperbaiki kondisi ekonomi rumah tangga menarik diteliti, karena analisis perbandingan sebelum dan setelah menerima pinjaman mikro memunculkan seleksi bias. Kondisi setiap rumah tangga tentunya tidak mungkin sama sebelumnya, sehingga perbedaan kondisi tersebut berarti tidak sepenuhnya akibat pinjaman mikro yang diterima rumah tangga. Terdapat risiko moral hazard karena adanya informasi tidak sempurna. Menggunakan metode double difference (DD) untuk mengestimasi besarnya dampak pinjaman mikro. Hasilnya menunjukkan pinjaman mikro secara nominal signifikan. Dampak yang ditimbulkan relatif kecil sehingga tidak tampak saat regresi. Implikasinya pinjaman mikro untuk tujuan produktif dapat membantu memoerbaiki kondisi ekonomi rumah tangga. Pengawasan dan pendampingan secara efektif dan berkelanjutan dapat meminimalkan risiko adanya moral hazard."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis perbandingan kesehatan bank syariah di Indonesia dan Malaysia untuk mengukur kesiapan bank syariah di kedua negara. Studi ini menggunakan data laporan keuangan tahunan 10 bank syariah di Indonesia dan 10 bank syariah di Malaysia pada kurun waktu 2012-2014. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bank syariah di Malaysia lebih siap dibandingkan bank syariah di Indonesia dengan menggunakan metode GAMEL. Bank syariah di Malaysia cenderung lebih sehat di banding bank syariah di INdonesia selama periode tahun 2012 sampai 2014. Hasil dari penelitian ini memberikan implikasi bahwa bank syariah di Indonesia perlu mendivesfikasi produk-produknya baik dalam pembiayaan maupun pendanaan dalam rangka berkompetisi di regional ASEAN."

"Pengenalan sistem zonasi ke dalam ruang politik Nigeria adalah untuk membantu kelancaran rotasi politik utama di seluruh negeri. Kebijakan ini untuk mewujudkan keadlian, perdamaian dan pemerataan sumber daya. Efek buruknya terhadap ekonomi adalah sesuatu yang perlu dikhawatirkan. Oleh karena itu, studi ini meneliti pengaruh sistem zonasi demokratis terhadap ekonomi NIgeria, dengan referensi khusus ke negara bagian Niger. Mempekerjakan statistik deskriptif dan regresi berganda. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa unsur-unsur zonasi demokratis vis-a-vis; perdamaian, keadilan, persatuan dan keadilan memilki dampak positif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Nigeria. Oleh karena itu penulis merekomendasikan kepada pemerintah di kedua tingkat tersebut untuk fokus pada penyediaan proyek pembangunan simultan untuk membuka jalan bagi perdamaian dan kesatuan, sistem zonasi harus dimasukkan ke dalam konstitusi Nigeria, distribusi sumber daya yang tidak bias dan merata di seluruh ekonomi."

"Pertumbuhan modal untuk mendanai operasional keseharian dan ekspansi jangka panjang adalah elemen konstan di dunia usaha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat optimal struktur modal yang dapat di adopsi perusahaan untuk memperbaiki kinerja keuangan mereka mengingat dinamika industri dan keadaan ekonomi suatu negara. Dengan menggunakan uji spesifikasi Hausman, data tahunan untuk index saham yang tercatat pada tahun 2005-2014 dari Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) 100 telah dikumpulkan untuk menganalisis pengaruh leverage keuangan terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Return to asset, return on equiy dan TOBIN's Q adalah proxy kinerja keuangan yang dianalisis terhadap leverage keuangan untuk perusahaan indeks KSE 100 yang terdaftar. Temuan makalah menunjukkan bahwa struktur modal, leverage,interest cover dan pertumbuhan penjualan sebagai variabel paling signifikan yang mempengaruhi profitabilitas perusahaan."

"AbstrakOne aspect that concerns investors in valuing stocks is financial performance. The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of financial performance, firm size, and corporate social responsibility disclosure to the stock price in food and beverage sector companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Using a purposive sampling method has done the sample collection method and eleven of eighteen companies, which listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in the years of 20013-2017, are used as the research samples. The method used in this study was Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The result of the research shows that financial performance, firm size, and corporate social responsibility disclosure affect the stock price. This result implies that the firm should improve the internal factors to increase stock prices."

"ABSTRAKThe study analyzes the beta-return characteristic, considering the asymmetric beta behavior in the up market versus the down market for the Bursa Malaysia (BM). This study uses a sample period from 2001-2015 with two dual-beta models, the capital asset pricing model (CAPM), and the Fama-French, three-factor (FF3F) model, to examine 60 stocks listed on the bourse. The estimated return and beta indicate that most stocks have experienced an increasing (decreasing) beta in the downtrend (uptrend) period. It is inferred that investors are rewarded with a positive risk premium for holding an asset in the down market, while the upside beta carries a negative premium. If news asymmetry captures a significant part of investors' risk perception in the market, there is evidence that a conditional FF3F model is more useful than a conditional CAPM, which is likened to both the dual-beta FF3F and the CAPM in an unconditional context. The purpose of this study is to analyze the beta-return characteristic, taking into account the asymmetric beta behavior in the upmarket versus the down market in the Bursa Malaysia (BM). This study takes place over a period of 15 years from 2001 to 2015 and utilizes dual beta models of CAPM and Fama-French model to examine 60 BM-listed stocks. The estimation of return and beta indicates that majority of stocks have experienced an increasing (decreasing) beta in the downtrend (uptrend) period. It is also inferred that investors are rewarded with positive risk premium for holding the asset in down market, while upside beta carries the negative premium. If news asymmetry is considered to capture a significant part of investors' risk perception in the Malaysian market, the findings constitute evidence that conditional Fama-French model is more useful than the conditional CAPM likened with both dual beta Fama-French 3-factor model and CAPM in unconditional context. "

"ABSTRAKMeningkatnya populasi ialah suatu aset, selama keterampilan tenaga kerja digunakan semaksimal mungkin. Jika tidak disalurkan dengan benar, itu bisa menjadi kewajiban bagi sebuah negara. Populasi yang terampil dan pekerja keras dapat muncul sebagai fondasi suatu negara. Studi ini menguji validitas Teori Malthusian di Nigeria degan menggunakan data deret waktu dari tahun 1960 sampai 2016, menggunakan teknik uji terikat ARDL. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa dalam jangka panjang, pertumbuhan penduduk dan produksi pangan bergerak secara proporsional, sementara pertumbuhan penduduk menimbulkan dampak yang menipis pada produksi pangan dalam jangka pendek, sehingga memvalidasi kejadian efek Malthus pada ekonomi Nigeria dalam jangka pendek. Peneliti merekomendasikan agar pemerintah menyusun rencana strategis, yang selanjutnya akan mengintensifkan ukuran keluarga berencana dan pengendalian kelahiran, pendidikan barat wajib dan revitalisasi sektor pertanian."