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"AbstrakIndonesia security setor reform (SSR) Effort has produced some fruitful outcomest, nameli the anolishment of the indonesia millitary direct participation in politicts, separation of the police force from the armed forces and the revocarion of the dual function doctrin, to name a few. yet since the ratification of law on indonesia military in 2004. additional efforts of ssr have ben thrown into the backburner. since 2004, attempts to profesionalise the military have been focusing on arms modernisation and improvement of military personnel welfare such as increased training and educational opportunities, as well as housing allocation for military personnel instead of addresing several unfiished reform agendas, namely the subordination of the tni under the ministry of defence , territorial command reform and military secondment to non military affairs/posts, among others. this article attempts to analyse how western developed ssr policy intiatives were introduced in indonesia and how the ssr agendas were eventually neglected.finally, this article will reflect on the lessons learned from the introduction of ssr concept in indonesia to understand its trajectory"

"Kaki Diabetik (KD) merupakan penyakit penyerta Diabetes Mellitus (DM). DM merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kasus amputasi non-traumatik di Jerman, dengan penyakit arterial perifer berat (PAP) dengan iskemia kritis tungkai yang menjadi masalah utama. Meskipun teknik modern tersedia, intervensi perkutan dan pembedahan pemulih vaskularisasi masih terbatas. Masalah ini menyebabkan peningkatan jumlah amputasi pada pasien dengan diabetes mellitus. Proses fi siologik angiogenesis, vaskulogenesis dan arteriogenesis mengarahkan ke pertumbuhan pembuluh darah kolateral pada keadaan penyakit penyumbatan pembuluh arterial penyebab iskemia tungkai. Pada praktik klinik respons angiogenik endogenik seringkali terganggu. Angiogenesis terapetik merupakan penerapan bioteknologi untuk merangsang pembentukkan pembuluh darah baru via (melalui) aplikasi lokal faktor penumbuh pro-angiogenik dalam bentuk protein rekombinan, atau terapi gen; atau dengan implantasi sel progenitor atau sel punca yang akan mensintesa sitokin angiogenik multipel. Artikel review ini merangkum fungsi endotelial dan disfungsi pada DM, mekanisme homing, metode transplantasi dan status uji klinik di bidang sel punca untuk pengobatan iskemia tungkai.

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AbstractDiabetic foot (DF) occurs as a concomitant illness of diabetes mellitus (DM). DM is one of the main causes of nontraumatic amputation in Germany with severe peripheral arterial disease (PAD) with critical limb ischemia (CLI) being of major concern. Although modern techniques are available surgical vascularisation and percutaneous intervention are limited. This problem leads increasing numbers of limb amputations in patients with diabetes mellitus. Thephysiological process of angiogenesis, vasculogenes is and arteriogenesis contribute to the growth of collateral vessels in response to obstructive arterial disease causing limb ischemi. In clinical practice the endogenous angiogenic response is often impaired. Therapeutic angiogenesis is an application of biotechnology to stimulate new vessel formation via local administration of pro-angiogenic growth factors in the form of recombinant protein, or gene therapy,or by implantation of progenitor cells or stem cells that will synthe size multiple angiogenic cytokines. This review summarises the endothelial function and dysfunctionin DM, the mechanism of homing, the transplantation method and the status of clinical trials in stem cell fi eld to treat limb ischemia."

"Global warming, new epidemics, and the destruction of natural resources have all made the future of the planet seem increasingly dire. But the real truth, according to respected scientist Dr. Seymour Garte, is that the environment is actually in better shape than we have been led to believe."

"Although the Indonesia economy grew very rapidly averaging over 7% per annum during the three decades of the Soeharto era, it suffered a severe setbac with the onset of the Asian crisis in 1997-98 and has been unable to achieve similar growth rates on a sustained basis subsequently. ..."