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"AbstrakThis paper examines the Islamic-political genealogy of Fatayat. In the early era, Fatayat was vacuum since the government controlled all organizations. Fatayat then decided to collaborate with government to implement governments programs. In the late era, Fatayat started the existence in term of promoting women empowerment in Indonesia. With support from many national and international organizations, Fatayat began promoting women issues particularly in political sphere. In many cases, Fatayat depended on NU as Fatayats patron organization. Although there are many opposite opinions between NU and Fatayat, Fatayat never gives up to negotiate and finding the right solution. In term of politics, Fatayat still depends on NU, even though Fatayat is the autonomous organization. Moreover, the successful Fatayat in term of political movement in the present era is also the contribution from Soekarnos government. "

"Despite some pioneering work by scholars, historians still find it hard to listen to the voices of women in the Holocaust. Learning more about both the women who survived and who did not survive the Nazi genocide, through the testimony of the women themselves, not only increases our understanding of this terrible period in history, but necessarily makes us rethink our relationship to the gendered nature of knowledge itself. This book is about the ways in which socially and culturally constructed gender roles were placed under extreme pressure; yet also about the fact that gender continued to operate as an important arbiter of experience. Indeed, paradoxically enough, the extreme conditions of the Holocaust, even of the death camps, may have reinforced the importance of gender. Whilst men and women for no greater reason than their being Jewish were sentenced to death, gender nevertheless operated as a crucial signifier for survival. Pregnant women as well as women accompanied by young children or those deemed incapable of hard labour were sent straight to the gas chambers. The very qualities which made them women were manipulated and exploited by the Nazis as a source of dehumanization. Moreover, women were less likely to survive the camps even if they were not selected for death. Gender therefore became a matter of life and death."

"Skripsi ini membahas mengenai program pencegahan HIV dan AIDS serta faktor- faktor yang mendukung dan menghambat program pencegahan HIV dan AIDS yang dilaksanakan Fatayat NU Kabupaten Tegal. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, pendekatan yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Fatayat NU Kabupaten Tegal menerapkan beberapa program pencegahan HIV dan AIDS dalam rangka mengubah perilaku kelompok dampingan. Perubahan perilaku tersebut berupa kesadaran dan kemauan untuk kembali ke jalan yang benar sesuai tuntutan agama sehingga mereka bisa meninggalkan kebiasaan yang berisiko terinfeksi HIV dan AIDS.

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This thesis discusses about the program of HIV and AIDS prevention and factors that support and hamper on the program performed by Fatayat NU Kabupaten Tegal. To reach the thesis objectives, the approach used is descriptive qualitative research design. The results showed that Fatayat NU Kabupaten Tegal has implemented some programs of HIV and AIDS Prevention to change the target group’s behavior. The change in behavior is that awareness and will to go back at the right path according to the demands of religion so that they are able to leave the habit that has a risk infected with HIV and AIDS."

"Salah satu komponen dari kebijakan 'Pendidikan untuk semua' yang dilontarkan UNESCO adalah kesetaraan gender dalam pendidikan. Dalam kebijakan UNESCO tersebut dinyatakan bahwa menjelang tahun 2015, semua anak khususnya anak perempuan, memiliki akses kependidikan dasar secara cuma-cuma. Pendidikan untuk semua juga mengarah pada penghapusan kesenjangan gender dan mencapai kesetaraan gender dalam pendidikan. Beberapa strategi harus diikuti untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut. Isu-isu yang menyentuh perempuan dan kemampuan baca tulis seringkali berhubungan dengan masalah-masalah keadilan, produksi pengetahuan, dan demokrasi. Dalam sebuah masyarakat patriarkal, laki-laki memperoleh kuasa berdasarkan kelahiran dan keistimewaan (privelege) karena dominasi atas pihak subordinat termasuk perempuan. Cara perempuan memperoleh dan memproduksipengetahuan kerap kali berbeda dengan laki-laki. Perempuan sering melihat pengetahuanmereka sebagai afektif bukan kognitif, dan sebagai perasaan bukan pikiran. Alasan pemikiran moral perempuan seringkali melibatkan pertimbangan pengalaman pribadi, kepedulian dan keterhubungan, tawar menawar atas nilai-nilai yang bersifat absolut, tanggung jawab atashak dan pikiran yang didasarkan atas konteks dan narasi, dibanding dengan pemikirankognitif yang formal dan abstrak. Kemampuan baca tulis bagi perempuan dalam masyarakat multikultural perlu memperhatikan isu-isu di atas untuk mencapai kesetaraan gender. Strategi yang tepat perlu dilakukan sehingga perempuan Indonesia yang beragam dapat mengalami proses belajar yang mengakui sifat keperempuanan dan identitas mereka."

"Globalisasi dan neoliberalisasi secara global telah menciptakan bentuk ekonomi transnasional yang baru dengan tingkat integrasi ekonomi antar negara yang transformatif terhadap ekonomiekonomi nasional. Salah satu aspek ekonomi yang terpengaruh berkat kebijakan-kebijakan neoliberal adalah ketenagakerjaan dan pasar tenaga kerja, utamanya karena meningkatnya kompetisi ekonomi global mendorong firma-firma untuk menekan ongkos melalui relokasi situs produksi di wilayah dengan ongkos produksi yang lebih murah, yaitu di negara-negara Selatan. Namun, fenomena tersebut telah mendorong masuknya pekerja perempuan secara masif pada ketenagakerjaan berbayar atau yang lalu disebut sebagai feminisasi kerja, suatu hal yang merefleksikan aspek tergender (gendered) dalam pasar tenaga kerja dan ketenagakerjaan secara umum. Maka dari itu, perspektif feminis digunakan untuk menganalisis bagaimana pasar tenaga kerja dan ketenagakerjaan yang tergender membentuk suatu fenomena feminisasi kerja. Tugas karya akhir ini menilik 38 literatur dalam perspektif feminis yang sensitif terhadap aspek gender dalam institusi, diskursus, hingga hubungan Utara-Selatan yang berhubungan dengan feminisasi kerja. Literatur-literatur yang telah dikumpulkan lalu dikategorisasikan pada tiga tema besar menggunakan metode tipologi, yaitu (1) feminisasi kerja dalam perspektif ekonomi politik, (2) feminisasi kerja dalam perspektif gender, dan (3) implikasi feminisasi kerja. Penulis menemukan bahwa perspektif feminis liberal dan feminis poststruktural menjadi basis dari literatur mengenai feminisasi kerja yang lalu menggambarkan feminisasi kerja sebagai proses yang dinamis dan berperan dalam membentuk tren global mengenai ketenagakerjaan, serta mencakup beberapa fenomena yang saling berkelindan dengan globalisasi sebagai pusatnya.

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Globalization and neoliberalization globally has created a new form of transnational economy with a level of economic integration that is transformative towards national economies. One of the sectors of economy that is influenced is labour and the labour market, especially because the increasing economic competition globally has pushed firms to cut their costs through relocating production sites in areas where the cost of production is lower, which is in the Global South. However, that phenomenon has pushed women workers into paid labour on a massive scale, something that is then termed as feminization of labour, reflecting the gendered aspect of the labour market and labour as a whole. Therefore, a feminist perspective is used to analyze how the gendered labour market and gendered labour shape a phenomenon that is feminization of labour. This final project reviews 38 literatures with a feminist perspective that is sensitive to the gender aspect in institutions, discourses, even Global South-North relations related to feminization of labour. The literatures are then categorized into three major themes using the typology method, which are (1) feminization of labour through a political economy perspective, (2) feminization of labour through a gender perspective, and (3) implications of feminization of labour. The author finds that a liberal feminist and poststructural feminist perspective create the basis for the literature of feminization of labour, which then depicts feminization of labour as a dynamic process that contributes towards the shaping of global labour trends, and encompasses several intertwined phenomenons with globalization at its center."