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Eduardo Meyrianso Simanjuntak
"
ABSTRAKPile breakwater is an alternative coastal structure to prevent coastal erosion considering the economic and technical aspect. An improved design for pile breakwater is proposed here. Our goal is to develop an assessment tool in planning the implementation of pile breakwater. This tool is based on numerical model that has been verified with physical model result. The wave spectrum show that the numerical model is able to simulate the wave as same as the physical model with overestimation. It also points out that the simulation with wave period (T) = 2.5 s has more significant noise than the simulation with wave period (T) = 2 s. In general, the numerical model has high accuracy for predicting incident wave height (Hi), transmitted wave height (Ht) and transmission coefficient (KT) with error below 1 % RMSE. Xbeach is also able to simulate pile breakwater with high accuracy especially for two or three row arrangement with width gap 0.3 m. Even so, the numerical model have limitation regarding wave phase and wave through irregularity. Pile breakwater is an alternative coastal structure to prevent coastal erosion considering the economic and technical aspect. An improved design for pile breakwater is proposed here. Our goal is to develop an assessment tool in planning the implementation of pile breakwater. This tool is based on numerical model that has been verified with physical model result. The wave spectrum show that the numerical model is able to simulate the wave as same as the physical model with overestimation. It also points out that the simulation with wave period (T) = 2.5 s has more significant noise than the simulation with wave period (T) = 2 s. In general, the numerical model has high accuracy for predicting incident wave height (Hi), transmitted wave height (Ht) and transmission coefficient (KT) with error below 1 % RMSE. Xbeach is also able to simulate pile breakwater with high accuracy especially for two or three row arrangement with width gap 0.3 m. Even so, the numerical model have limitation regarding wave phase and wave through irregularity. "
Bandung : Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat, 2019
627 JTHID 10:1 (2019)
Artikel Jurnal Universitas Indonesia Library
Tegar Yulian Rinaldy
Program Pascasarjana Universitas Indonesia, 2009
T25426
UI - Tesis Open Universitas Indonesia Library
Tegar Yulian Rinaldy
Depok: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 2009
T40776
UI - Tesis Open Universitas Indonesia Library
Carolina Kalmei Nando
"Peningkatan seismic demand di Indonesia khususnya pulau Jawa mengharuskan peningkatan perencanaan bangunan tahan gempa di Indonesia. Spun pile merupakan fondasi yang paling sering digunakan di Indonesia sebagai struktur bawah belum memasukkan konsep perfomance-based design sehingga struktur masih berperilaku elastis dan kurang ekonomis. Studi pemodelan pushover analysis dengan software Opensees berdasarkan hasil uji eksperimen dilakukan untuk mendapatkan pemodelan yang tepat serta dengan memasukkan efek tanah untuk melihat pengaruhnya terhadap perilaku spun pile seperti parameter daktilitas, pembentukan plastic hinge, dan level kinerja menurut ASCE 61-14. Pembebanan aksial (0.1fc’Ag) didapatkan pemodelan dengan material concrete 07 untuk beton spun pile yang didefinisikan confined dalam sengkang untuk spun pile dengan beton pengisi memberikan hasil yang lebih mendekati hasil eksperimen. Hasil dari kuat geser tanah yang semakin tinggi meningkatkan kekuatan pile-soil system dan daktilitas dari spun pile serta lokasi dari sendi plastis kedua di dalam tanah. Berdasarkan ASCE 61-14, level kinerja spun pile saat terjadinya sendi plastis masih berada dalam level minimal damage.
The increasing of seismic demand in Indonesia, especially in the Java region, requires increased planning for earthquake-resistant buildings. The spun pile, as the commonly used substructure in Indonesia, is not implementing a performance-based design concept, therefore resulting in elastic behavior and less economical. A pushover analysis modeling study using Opensees software based on experimental test results was performed to get the right modeling and also to see its impact on spun pile behavior, such as ductility parameters, plastic hinge formation, and performance level by including soil effect according to ASCE 61-14. The result of modeling using material concrete 07 for spun pile concrete which is given an axial load of 0.1fc’Ag and defined as confined for spun pile with infill concrete, is closer to the experiment results. The result of the higher shear strength of the soil increases the strength of pile-soil system and ductility of the spun pile, as well as the location of the second plastic hinge in the soil. According to ASCE 61-14, the performance level of the spun pile when the plastic hinges occur is minimal damage."
Depok: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 2021
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Ahmad Zaki Risadi
"Dalam 5-6 tahun terakhir, pembangunan infrastruktur di Indonesia dipercepat. Banyak masalah terkait pengadaan lahan yang terjadi, karena itu digunakan struktur jembatan slab-on-pile sebagai solusi. Akibat properti unik struktur slab-on-pile dimana batasan antara struktur atas dan bawahnya yang sangat ambigu, dan fakta bahwa struktur slab-on-pile banyak digunakan pada proyek jalan tol elevated sedangkan menurut KKJTJ, setiap jembatan elevated yang panjangnya melebihi 3 km perlu dilakukan uji dinamik, maka dari itu, perlu dilakukan pengujian dinamik lateral terhadap struktur slab-on-pile agar bisa dianalisis karakteristik dinamiknya. Pada penelitian ini, pengujian dinamik lateral menggunakan eccentric mass shaker dilakukan terhadap struktur jembatan slab-on-pile agar diketahui frekuensi alaminya. Data yang diolah menggunakan proses FFT (fast fourier transform) dan FDD (frequency domain decomposition) divalidasi terhadap beberapa model struktur yang divariasikan dalam permodelan pondasinya serta jenis elemen yang digunakan. Terdapat 3 variasi jenis permodelan pondasi yaitu Full (dimodelkan seutuhnya), Fix.Point (dijepit pada taraf penjepitan lateral) dan Ground (dijepit pada elevasi ground) dan 2 variasi jenis elemen yang digunakan yaitu Frame & Shell dan Elemen Solid. Model dibuat menggunakan program Midas Civil.
Didapatkan nilai frekuensi alami struktur sebesar 3.3 Hz dalam arah longitudinal dan 4.5 Hz dalam arah transversal. Frekuensi alami dari pengujian setara dengan model dalam arah longitudinal, namun jauh lebih besar dari model dalam arah transversal. Hal ini karena dalam proses pemancangan spun pile, terjadi pemadatan tanah di sekelilingnya sehingga dalam arah transversal, dimana jarak antar pile kecil, kekakuan tanah meningkat. Dari penelitian ini juga didapat kesimpulan bahwa model yang paling akurat untuk memodelkan struktur slab-on-pile adalah model struktur yang dijepit pada taraf penjepitan lateral yang menggunakan elemen frame dan shell (FS- FIX.POINT) untuk arah longitudinal dan model struktur yang dijepit pada elevasi ground yang menggunakan elemen frame dan shell (FS-GROUND) untuk arah transversal.
In the last 5-6 years, infrastructure development in Indonesia has accelerated greatly. This causes land availability issues, which are solved by implementing slab-on-pile structures for bridge construction. Due to slab-on-pile bridges not having a clear border between their superstructure and substructure, and the fact that slab-on-pile bridges are often used for elevated toll road projects where KKJTJ states that all elevated toll roads spanning over 3 km must be assessed for its dynamic capabilities, a lateral dynamic test becomes relevant to conduct in order to analyze the structure’s dynamic characteristics.. In this research, a slab-on-pile bridge structure is tested for its lateral dynamic capacities using an eccentric mass shaker so that its natural frequencies can be obtained. The data processed using the FFT (fast fourier transform) and FDD (frequency domain decomposition) methods are compared with the values obtained from numerical models made using Midas Civil. Several models were made with variations on the spun pile foundation modelling method and the elements that were used for the model. Three spun pile foundation modelling method variations were used: Full (foundation fully modelled), Partial (foundation fixed at its fixity point), and Ground (foundation fixed at ground level); two variations of elements were used: Frame & Shell and Solid Element. The tests result in a longitudinal natural frequency of 3.3 Hz and a transversal natural frequency of 4.5 Hz. The longitudinal natural frequency is similar with the model’s longitudinal natural frequency. However, the transversal natural frequency is 16.9 – 32.8% higher than the model’s transversal natural frequency. This is caused by the erection of the spun pile foundation that causes its surrounding soil in the transversal direction to condense, which in the case of very short pile spacing distances, causes the soil stiffness to increase. The tests and models also show that the most accurate model in the longitudinal direction is the FS-FIX.POINT model which were given fixed restraints at its fixity point and is modelled using the frame & shell elements. In the transversal direction, the most accurate model is the FS-GROUND model which were given fixed restraints at ground level and is modelled using frame & shell elements."
Depok: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 2021
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UI - Tesis Membership Universitas Indonesia Library
Nadilla Mentari
"Komunitas brand adalah suatu komunitas khusus, tidak terikat berdasarkan geografis, dan berdasarkan hubungan sosial yang terstruktur di antara para pengagum brand. Pada skripsi ini komunitas brand Lingkaran diangkat sebagai obyek studi dengan tujuan mengetahui nilai konsumsi apa saja yang mempengaruhi intensi seseorang untuk menjadi bagian dari komunitas brand. Penelitian memakai pendekatan kuantitatif yang menitikberatkan pada pengujian hipotesis agar dapat menghasilkan generalisasi kepada pengikut Instagram Lingkaran selaku populasi. Peneliti memperoleh data primer berupa survei daring dari 191 responden (tingkat respon 31,8%) yang terpilih berdasarkan teknik simple random sampling lalu dihubungi langsung melalui pesan pribadi. Dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hanya nilai sosial dan nilai kondisional yang berpengaruh signifikan dengan kontribusi sebesar 33,1%. Sementara nilai fungsional, nilai emosional, dan nilai epistemik tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap intensi seseorang untuk menjadi bagian dari komunitas brand. Temuan tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa karakteristik seseorang yang mempunyai intensi untuk menjadi bagian dari komunitas brand Lingkaran adalah orang yang memiliki minat pada industri kreatif tetapi hanya bersosialisasi ketika didukung situasi tertentu. Maka dari itu, penelitian mengimplikasikan Lingkaran untuk lebih memerhatikan aspek interaksi sosial, peningkatan sosial, dan situasi ketika merancang strategi komunikasi supaya semakin memotivasi pengikut Instagram untuk bergabung menjadi anggota komunitas brand Lingkaran.
A brand community is a specialized, non-geographically bound community, based on a structured set of social relationships among admirers of a brand. This thesis wants to see what consumption values influence someone's intention to be part of the brand community, using the Lingkaran as the object of this study. The research uses a quantitative approach that emphasizes hypotheses testing to produce generalizations to Lingkaran's Instagram followers, which used as the population of this study. Researchers collect primary data in the form of an online survey from 191 respondents (31.8% response rate) who were selected based on simple random sampling techniques and contacted through private message. By using multiple linear regression analyses, the results of this research show that only social value and conditional value had significant influence with a contribution of 33.1%. On the other hand, functional value, emotional value, and epistemic value do not significantly influence someone's intention to be part of the brand community. These findings indicate that character someone who has the intention to be part of the Lingkaran's brand community is someone who has interest in the creative industry but only socializes when supported by certain situations. Therefore, research suggests that Lingkaran should pay more attention to aspects such as social interaction, social improvement, and situations when designing communication strategies to further motivate Lingkaran's Instagram followers to join the brand community."
Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Indonesia, 2020
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Jansen Reagen
"Studi numerikal dan parametrik dilakukan menggunakan ABAQUS pada sambungan spun pile - pile cap dengan beton pengisi bertulang serta perkuatan steel jacketing untuk menganalisis efektivitas confinement oleh steel jacketing. Studi eksperimen yang sebelumnya sudah dilakukan menunjukan steel jacketing masih belum mampu menghindari fenomena pinching dan tidak meningkatkan daktiltias secara signifikan. Efek confinement oleh steel jacketing akan ditinjau berdasarkan penurunan tegangan pada sengkang spun pile dan kenaikan kuat tekan beton inti spun pile. Studi parametrik dengan parameter koefisien friksi, tebal dan tinggi steel jacketing, serta beban aksial dilakukan untuk mendapatkan desain efektif dari perkuatan steel jacketing. Hasil pemodelan menunjukan bahwa penggunaan steel jacketing mampu memberikan efek confinement yang baik melalui penurunan stress development yang terjadi pada sengkang spun pile dan peningkatan beton inti spun pile. Desain efektif perkuatan steel jacketing yang disarankan adalah menggunakan zincalume tebal 1 mm dan tinggi 1,5D < H < 2D dimana D adalah diameter spun pile, untuk menghindari terjadinya local buckling pada zincalume.
Numerical and parametric study was conducted using ABAQUS on a spun pile – pile cap connection filled with concrete reinforcement and steel jacket retrofitting to analyse the effectiveness of confinement by steel jacketing. Experimental study that has been conducted before shown that steel jacketing retrofitting wasn’t able to avoid pinching and didn’t significantly increase ductility. Confinement effect by steel jacket will be viewed based on the degradation of stress developed on spun pile’s stirrups and the enhancement of spun pile’s core concrete strength. Parametric study consisting of friction coefficient, thickness and height of steel jacketing, and axial load was conducted to achieve an effective design of steel jacket retrofitting. Modelling results shown that the use of steel jacket retrofitting was able to provide good confinement by reducing the stress development that occur on the spun pile’s stirrups as well as enhancement in spun pile’s core concrete strength. An effective design of steel jacketing retrofitting that was suggested is using a 1 mm in thickness zincalume and height of 1,5D < H < 2D, where D is the diameter of spun pile, to avoid local buckling on the zincalume."
Depok: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 2023
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Muhammad Hasbar Hasrullah
"Kerjasama penelitian UI-Wika Beton dalam pengujian pada struktur spun pile yang tersambung ke pile cap dan dibebani secara siklik sampai mencapai keruntuhan guna mempelajari perilaku sambungan. Meskipun telah mencapai keruntuhan dan secara fisik struktur sudah masuk ke tahap damage atau non repairable, namun studi lanjutan dilakukan untuk mempelajari perilaku dari ketiga benda uji dengan memberikan perbaikan cepat berupa SikaPlate/SikaRod dan FRP Wrap. Studi lanjutan dengan pemodelan OpenSees dilakukan untuk mensimulasikan benda uji repair tersebut untuk menkaji lebih dalam stress dan strain development yang terjadi pada penampang spun pile. Pemodelan dilakukan dalam 2 dimensi menggunakan software OpenSees. Non-linier fiber element digunakan untuk mensimulasikan penampang spun pile yang mengalami repair. Ditemukan bahwa OpenSees mampu memodelkan benda uji eksperimen dengan sangat baik pada fase linear sampai kondisi maksimum, namun kurang mampu menggambarkan fase damage pasca maksimum. Dari beberapa sensitivity analysis yang dilakukan, pemodelan yang paling mendekati benda uji yang mengalami rusak dan di-repair dengan memodelkan cross section tanpa memodelkan tulangan PC wire yang putus, menggunakan material steel01, memodelkan sambungan dengan bond slip, reduksi mutu beton sejauh 50% sebagai representasi berkurangnya kepadatan beton, serta reduksi tulangan infill 20% sebagai representasi regangan sisa. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa repair terhadap sambungan spun pile mengakibatkan terjadinya tambahan plastic hinge yang semula berada pada daerah sambungan dengan pile cap ke bagian atas dengan tambahan plastic hinge baru di daerah berbatasan perkuatan. Hal yang menarik lainnnya yang ditemukan dari studi pemodelan OpenSees ini adalah nilai curvature yang terjadi pada spunpile dengan tulangan dan beton pengisi mampu mencapai curvature demand yang dibutuhkan pile untuk bertahan terhadap beban gempa.
A collaboration of research between UI-Wika Beton did a spun pile structure testing, where a spun pile that was attached to a pile cap was given cyclical load until it reached failure, in order to understand the behavior of connections. Although had reached failure, and physically entered the damage or non-repairable stage, further studies were conducted to study the behavior from 3 test specimens by giving rapid repair in the form of SikaPlate/SikaRod and FRP Wrap. A further study with OpenSees modeling is conducted to simulate the repair test specimen to have a deeper insight regarding the stress and strain development on spun pile cross sections. The modeling is done in 2 dimensions using OpenSees software. Non-linear fiber element was used to simulate spun pile cross section enduring the repair. It was discovered that OpenSees were able to excellently model experimental test specimens on a linear phase up until maximum condition, but are not able to illustrate the post-maximum damage phase. From several sensitivity analysis done, the closest modeling is obtained by modeling the cross section without modeling the snapped PC reinforcement, using steel01 material, modeling connections with bond slip, concrete quality reduction to 50% as void representation, and infill reinforcement reduction by 20% as residual strain representation. The analysis shows that a repair to a spun pile connection causes an increase of plastic hinge that was before located on a connection area from pile cap to the upper area, but now is included with the additional new plastic hinges in the area adjacent to the reinforcement. Another interesting thing discovered in the OpenSees modeling is that the curvature value for the spun pile is within the curvature demand range needed to survive seismic load."
Depok: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 2022
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Wanita Nahdah Astari Mudianto
"Elevated pile cap (EPC) foundations merupakan fondasi dengan sebagian badan tiangnya tertanam dalam tanah dan sebagian lainnya berada di atas permukaan tanah. EPC foundastions memikul momen lentur yang lebih besar dari jenis fondasi lainnya. Perilaku EPC foundations perlu diteliti lebih lanjut guna memastikan kinerja non-linier yang memadai terhadap beban seismik. Peneliti melakukan studi pemodelan menggunakan software OpenSees terkait perilaku EPC foundations dengan konfigurasi 2 x 3 pada tanah clay dengan meninjau aspek kekuatan, kekakuan, serta interaksi tanah dan pile. Uji pembebanan pushover monotonik dilakukan untuk menganalisis keruntuhan sesimik dan perilaku daktail dari EPC foundations. Konsistensi tanah divariasikan guna mengidentifikasi pengaruh konsistensi tanah terhadap kekakuan struktur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsistensi tanah tidak berpengaruh terhadap daktilitas suatu struktur, melainkan berpengaruh terhadap defleksi. Semakin stiff konsistensi tanah, maka semakin kecil defleksi yang dialami tiang. Aboveground height divariasikan guna mengidentifikasi pengaruh aboveground height terhadap lokasi sendi plastis. Seluruh model membentuk sendi plastis hanya pada leading row piles. Sendi plastis pertama terbentuk pada sambungan pile-cap dan sendi plastis kedua terbentuk pada badan pile yang berada di bawah permukaan tanah. Semakin tinggi aboveground height, maka semakin dangkal lokasi sendi plastisnya. Secara keseluruhan, konsistensi tanah, aboveground height, dan nilai p-multiplier berpengaruh terhadap perilaku inelastis struktur.
Elevated pile cap (EPC) foundations are foundations with part of the pile body embedded in the ground and the other part above the ground surface. EPC foundations bear greater bending moments than other types of foundations. The behavior of EPC foundations needs to be investigated further to ensure adequate non-linear performance against seismic loads. Researchers conducted a modeling study using OpenSees software related to the behavior of EPC foundations with a 2 x 3 configuration on clay soil by reviewing aspects of strength, stiffness, and soil and pile interactions. Monotonic pushover loading test was performed to analyze the seismic failure and ductile behavior of the EPC foundations. Soil consistency was varied in order to identify the effect of soil consistency on the stiffness of the structure. The results showed that soil consistency did not affect the ductility of a structure, but rather had an effect on deflection. The stiffer the consistency of the soil, the smaller the deflection experienced by the pile. The aboveground height was varied to identify the effect of the aboveground height on the location of the plastic hinge. All models form plastic hinges only on leading row piles. The first plastic hinge is formed at the pile-cap joint and the second plastic hinge is formed at the pile body which is below the soil surface. The higher the aboveground height, the shallower the location of the plastic hinge. Overall, soil consistency, aboveground height, and p-multiplier value affect the inelastic behavior of the structure."
Depok: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 2022
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Muhammad Jeri At Thabari
"Meningkatnya kebutuhan konsumsi energi mengakibatkan penggunaan sumber energi berupa batu bara terus meningkat. Aktivitas transportasi dan distribusi dari batu bara pun menyebabkan tumpukan terpapar oleh panas ketika berada dalam tumpukan. Dikarenakan karakteristik kinetik dari batu bara dengan kualitas rendah, tumpukan tersebut sangat rentan untuk mengalami proses kebakaran spontan. Tentu saja fenomena kebakaran spontan ini berdampak buruk tidak hanya pada aspek keselamatan, namun juga pada aspek ekonomis dari tumpukan batu bara Tujuan dari penelitian ini melakukan pemodelan finite element menggunakan simulasi Multiphysics untuk mengetahui pengaruh parameter ekstrinsik tumpukan terhadap distribusi temperatur dari tumpukan batu bara dengan skala besar. Dengan demikian, dapat dirumuskan metode penanganan dan hal-hal yang harus diperhatikan dalam proses penyimpanan dan transportasi dari tumpukan batu bara. Pemodelan fenomena termal pada tumpukan batu bara dimodelkan menggunakan piranti lunak COMSOL Multiphysics. Simulasi dilakukan dengan memvariasikan beberapa faktor yang dipercaya memengaruhi tingkat kerentanan tumpukan batu bara untuk terbakar seperti: (i) porositas tumpukan; (ii) ukuran partikel tumpukan (bongkahan); (iii) geometri tumpukan; dan (iv) kondisi lingkungan (ambient). Dari hasil simulasi ditemukan bahwa parameter – parameter tersebut dapat mengubah tingkat kerentanan tumpukan untuk terbakar pada waktu yang lebih awal dibandingkan yang lain.
The increasing need for energy consumption has resulted in the use of energy sources in coal continuing to increase. The transportation and distribution activities of coal also cause the pile to be exposed to heat when it is in a pile. Due to the kinetic characteristics of low-rank coal, the pile is very susceptible to spontaneous fire processes. Of course, this spontaneous fire phenomenon has a negative impact not only on the safety aspect but also on the economic aspect of the coal pile. This study aims to model finite element using Multiphysics simulation to determine the effect of the extrinsic parameters of the pile on the temperature distribution of large-scale coal piles. Thus, it can be formulated handling methods and things that must be considered in storing and transporting coal piles. Thermal phenomena modelling in coal piles is modelled using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The simulation is carried out by varying several factors that are believed to affect the level of vulnerability of the coal pile to burn, such as (i) the porosity of the pile; (ii) the particle size of the pile (bundle); (iii) pile geometry; and (iv) environmental conditions (ambient). From the simulation results it is found that these parameters can change the level of vulnerability of the pile to burn at an earlier time than others."
Depok: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 2021
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UI - Tesis Membership Universitas Indonesia Library
