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"Pendahuluan: Berbagai penelitian terdahulu telah membuktikan kemampuan kurkumin untuk menghambat karsinogenesis pada kolorektal. Namun pengembangan kurkumin untuk aplikasi ini terbatas dikarenakan penyerapannya dan bioavailabilitas yang buruk, sifatnya yang kurang stabil, serta tingkat metabolisme, dan eliminasi zat yang cepat. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membuktikan apakah modifikasi ukuran kurkumin menjadi nanopartikel dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi kurkumin di dalam kolon. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental pada tikus Sprague-Dawley betina yang diberikan kurkumin konvensional dan nano-kurkumin secara oral500mg/kg/BB. Sampel kolon diambil 3 jam dan 4 jam setelah pemberian kurkumin. Konsentrasi kurkumin diukur dengan menggunakan UPLC-MS/MS. Hasil: Setelah 3 jam dan 4 jam pemberian sampel, ditemukan bahwa konsentrasi kurkumin konvensional cenderung lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan konsentrasi nano kurkumin, walau tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan (p>0.05). Rata-rata konsentrasi kurkumin dan nanocurcumin pada usus tikus setelah 3 jam adalah 92,463 ± 10.836 ug/g kolon dan 60.931± 4.774 ug/g kolon masing-masing. Sementara itu, setelah 4 jam, rata-rata konsentrasi curcumin dan nanocurcumin di usus tikus adalah 113.560 ± 12.477 ug/g kolon dan 103.725 ± 12.951 ug/g kolon masing-masing. Kesimpulan/Diskusi: Modifikasi ukuran kurkumin menjadi ukuran nano tidak mempengaruhi tingkat konsentrasi kurkumin dalam jaringan kolon tikus. Beberapa penyebab potensialnya adalah agregasi nano-partikel kurkumin, kedua jenis kurkumin terperangkap di dalam mukus, penetrasi nano-partikel melalui transportasi transeluler di dalam epitelium usus, dan tingginya degradasi nanokurkumin di dalam saluran pencernaan (baik secara biologis maupun kimiawi). Hal ini menyebabkan penurunan kuantitas nanokurkumin yang dapat diserap oleh kolon.Introduction: Various previous studies have proven the ability of curcumin to inhibit colorectal carcinogenesis. However, the development of curcumin for this application is limited due to its poor absorption and bioavailability, its unstable nature, metabolic rate, and rapid elimination of the substance. Therefore, this study was conducted to prove whether modification of the size of curcumin into nanoparticles can increase the concentration of curcumin in the colon. Methods: This study is an experimental study on female Sprague-Dawley rats given conventional curcumin and nano-curcumin orally.500mg/kg/BW. Colonic samples were taken 3 hours and 4 hours after curcumin administration. Curcumin concentration was measured using UPLC-MS/MS. Results: After 3 hours and 4 hours of sample administration, it was found that conventional curcumin concentrations tended to be higher than nano curcumin concentrations, although there was no significant difference (p>0.05). The mean concentrations of curcumin and nanocurcumin in the intestines of rats after 3 hours were 92.463 ± 10,836 g/g colon and 60,931± 4.774 g/g colon, respectively. Meanwhile, after 4 hours, the mean concentrations of curcumin and nanocurcumin in the rat intestine were 113,560 ± 12,477 g/g colon and 103,725 ± 12,951 g/g colon, respectively. Conclusion/Discussion: Modification of curcumin size to nano size did not affect the level of curcumin concentration in rat colon tissue. Some of the potential causes are aggregation of curcumin nano-particles, both types of curcumin trapped in mucus, penetration of nano-particles through transcellular transport within the intestinal epithelium, and high degradation of nanocurcumin in the gastrointestinal tract (both biologically and chemically). This causes a decrease in the quantity of nanocurcumin that can be absorbed by the colon."

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Pendahuluan. Kurkumin merupakan senyawa alami yang ditemukan pada akar tumbuhan Curcuma longa. Kurkumin memiliki sifat penyembuhan yang sangat baik, diantaranya termasuk anti-inflamasi, anti-bakteri, dan antioksidan. Telah dijelaskan pula pada beberapa studi bahwa kurkumin memiliki sifat renoprotective yang dapat membantu memperbaiki penyakit gagal ginjal kronik (CKD). Meskipun kurkumin memiliki banyak manfaat kesehatan untuk ginjal, jumlah kurkumin yang dapat mencapai jaringan ginjal sangatlah sedikit. Hal ini dikarenakan bioavailabilitas oral kurkumin hanya mencapai 1% yang disebabkan oleh buruknya absorpsi kurkumin pada saluran pencernaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan konsentrasi kurkumin pada organ/jaringan ginjal dengan cara memperkecil ukuran partikel kurkumin menjadi nanocurcumin.

Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan sediaan nanokurkumin yang dibuat dengan teknik ball milling. Dosis tunggal kurkumin atau nanokurkumin sebanyak 500 mg/kg diberikan secara oral kepada tikus Sprague-Dawley betina. Tikus didekapitasi pada menit ke-180 dan -240 setelah pemberian kurkumin atau nanokurkumin untuk pengambilan organ ginjal yang nantinya setiap 100 mg jaringan ginjal akan dihomogenisasi dengan larutan Normal Saline 0.9% sebanyak 1 ml. Homogenat jaringan ginjal akan dianalisa menggunakan UPLC-MS/MS dengan sumber ionisasi electrospray (ESI) positif.

Hasil. Konsentrasi kurkumin cenderung lebih tinggi dibandingkan konsentrasi nanokurkumin pada jaringan ginjal tikus setelah pemberian dosis tunggal kurkumin/nanokurkumin sebanyak 500 mg/kg pada jam ke-3 dan ke-4.

Kesimpulan. Kurkumin cenderung untuk memiliki konsentrasi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan konsentrasi sediaan nanokurkumin pada jaringan ginjal tikus.

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Introduction. Curcumin is a naturally occurring compound found in Curcuma longa roots. It possesses great healing properties which mainly include anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-oxidative. It has also been described that curcumin has renoprotective effects and is proven to be able to ameliorate chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Despite having numerous health benefits for the kidney, the number of curcumin that can reach the kidney is very little, in respect to its low oral bioavailability which is only 1% due to poor absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. This study aims to enhance curcumin concentration in the kidney by decreasing curcumin particle size into nanocurcumin. 

Methods. This study uses nanoparticle curcumin that is produced by using ball milling technique. A single dosage of 500 mg/kg curcumin or nanocurcumin was given orally to female Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were decapitated at minute-180 and 240 after curcumin or nanocurcumin administration for kidney collection, which then homogenized with a ratio of 100 mg kidney tissue per 1 mL normal saline 0.9%. Kidney tissue homogenates were analyzed using UPLC-MS/MS with positive electrospray ionization (ESI).

Results. Curcumin concentration in rats kidney tissue tended to be slightly higher than nanoparticle curcumin after a single dose of 500 mg/kg curcumin or nanocurcumin at both 3 and 4 hours.

Conclusion. Curcumin has the propensity to have a higher concentration than nanocurcumin in rats kidney tissue.

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"Kemoterapi digunakan untuk terapi kanker kolorektal memiliki efek samping yang merugikan pasien. Obat herbal digunakan sebagai terapi komplementer karena memiliki nilai terapeutik dan toksisitas yang rendah, seperti kurkumin yang diekstrak dari umbi tanaman Curcuma longa L. Kurkumin memiliki mekanisme kerja yang terintegritas ke beberapa target sehingga digunakan analisis metabolomik untuk mempelajari mekanisme dan memantau respons pengobatan. Metabolomik sebagai metode analisis pengembangan obat dapat memberikan informasi fenotipik tentang sistem biologis melalui pemeriksaan perubahan metabolisme pada metabolomik tidak tertarget. Analisis PCA spektrum absorbansi FTIR menunjukkan kemiripan profil metabolit pada daerah panjang gelombang NC=O medium kultur sel HT-29 antara perlakuan dengan kurkumin dan perlakuan dengan cisplatin. Lima metabolome hasil anotasi data pengolahan MSDIAL yaitu 1-Bromo-2-Chloroetana, 2-Cyanoacetamida, Dimetilamina, Asam 2-Nitrobenzoat , dan Butana. Metabolome 2-Cyanoacetamida sebagai penanda respon sel HT-29 terhadap perlakuan dengan kurkumin berdasarkan uji t -test nilai p < 0,05. Akurasi pemisahan data PCA kultur sel HT-29 antara perlakuan kurkumin dan kontrol dengan Support vector machine nilai AUC > 0,92 dan CA > 0,80 untuk semua spektrum serapan (O-H, C-H dan N-C=O). Confusion matrix kelima metabolit anotasi MSDIAL bisa dibedakan pada kultur sel HT-29 perlakuan dengan kurkumin, tetapi kelima metabolit ini tidak bisa membedakan antara cisplatin, doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, dan kontrol sel.

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Chemotherapy used for colorectal cancer therapy has adverse effects in patients. Herbal medicine is used as a complementary therapy because it has a low therapeutic toxicity, as in curcumin. Curcumin has an integrity mechanism of action to several targets so metabolomics analysis is used to study the mechanisms and monitor treatment responses. Metabolomic as a method can provide phenotypic information about biological systems through the examination of metabolic changes in untargeted metabolomics. PCA of the FTIR absorbance spectrum showed similarities in metabolite profiles N-C=O wavelength region of the HT-29 cell culture medium between treatment with curcumin and treatment with cisplatin. The five metabolomes of the MSDIAL data annotations are 1-Bromo-2-Chloroethane, 2-Cyanoacetamide, Dimethylamine a, 2-Nitrobenzo acid, and Butane. Metabolome 2-Cyanoacetamide as a marker of HT-29 cell response with curcumin based on a ttest p-value< 0.05. Accuracy of PCA data separation of HT-29 cell cultures between treatment with curcumin and control with Support vector machine AUC values > 0.92 and CA > 0.80 for all absorption spectrums (O-H, C-H and N-C=O). Confussion matrix of MSDIAL five annotated metabolites could be distinguished in HT-29 cell cultures treated with curcumin, but these five metabolites could not distinguish between cisplatin, doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, and kontrol cells."

"Latar belakang: Diagnosis memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam penatalaksanaan kanker usus halus. Namun, pemeriksaan sebelumnya memiliki kekurangan, yaitu; sensitivitas rendah, operator dependent, dan lama. Sehingga akan diobservasi spektrofotometri autofluorosensi menggunakan blok parafin yang memiliki sensitivitas, spesifisitas, akurasi, dan presisi dengan nilai yang baik. Metode: Studi ini mengukur perbedaan intensitas cahaya fluorosensi menggunakan spektrofotometri autofluorosensi cahaya UV pada blok parafin jaringan kanker usus halus mencit dalam panjang gelombang dari 420.2nm sampai 762.9nm. Hasil uji dianalisis menggunakan dua perangkat lunak, yaitu SPSS 26.0 serta Orange Data Mining. Dalam melakukan analisis Orange Data Mining (kualitatif), data akan dianalisis menggunakan PCA dan 7 jenis PC. Sedangkan machine learning (analisis kuantitatif) dengan cross validation kelipatan 5. Hasil: Dari 511 panjang gelombang yang menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan intensitas cahaya pada ketiga kelompok sampel, perbedaan intensitas cahaya dapat dibedakan secara signifikan pada (panjang gelombang); 495 pada kelompok normal-prekanker, 495 pada kelompok normal-radang, 454 pada kelompok radang-prekanker. Selain itu, dalam hasil analis Machine Learning menunjukkan bahwa Neural Network memiliki performa terbaik dalam menganalisis klasifikasi derajat lesi kanker usus halus. Kesimpulan: Spektrofotometri autofluorosensi memiliki kemampuan mengklasifikasikan jaringan normal, radang, serta pre-kanker pada usus halus mencit dengan nilai sensitivitas dan spesifititas baik, namun masih terdapat kesulitan membedakan jaringan radang.

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Background: Diagnosis has a very important role in the management of small bowel cancer. The previous examination, on the other hand, had drawbacks, including low sensitivity, operator dependence, and a long time.So that autofluorescence spectrophotometry will be observed using a paraffin block that has good sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and precision. Method: This study measured the difference in fluorescence intensity using UV light autofluorescence spectrophotometry on paraffin blocks of mouse small intestine cancer tissue at wavelengths from 420.2 nm to 762.9 nm. The test results were analyzed using two software programs, namely SPSS 26.0 and Orange Data Mining. Data will be analyzed using PCA and 7 different types of PCs in the orange data mining analysis (qualitative).while using machine learning (quantitative analysis) with a total of 5 cross-validations. Results: Of the 511 wavelengths that show a significant difference in light intensity in the third sample group, the difference in light intensity can be significantly different at 495 in the normal-precancer group, 495 in the normal-inflammation group, and 454 in the inflammatory-precancer group. In addition, the results of machine learning analysis show that the neural network has the best performance into analyze the classification of small intestine cancer lesion degrees. Conclusion: Autofluorescence spectrophotometry has the ability to classify normal, inflammatory, and precancerous tissues in the small intestine of mice with good sensitivity and specificity, but there are still difficulties in differentiating tissue inflammation"

"Kanker kolorektal adalah kanker yang berlokasi dibagian kolon atau rektum dengan indikasi awal adalah keberadaan polip non-kanker. Kanker kolorektal menempati urutan ketiga sebagai kanker ganas dan urutan kedua dengan tingkat mortalitas tertinggi di tingkat dunia. Peningkatan morbiditas kanker kolorektal tercatat pada orang dewasa berusia 30-40 tahun. Prevalensi dan urgensi deteksi dini kanker kolorektal diperlukan untuk mendapatkan hasil diagnosis kanker sebagai solusi pengobatan kanker. Gen MDR1 sebagai gen penghabisan obat membentuk resistensi terhadap pengobatan yang menyebabkan kegagalan dalam kemoterapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ekspresi gen MDR1 pada kanker kolorektal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode qPCR yang bersifat spesifik dan sensitif pada satu target. Berdasarkan hasil qPCR diperoleh di antara 10 penderita kanker kolorektal terdapat 6 penderita yang positif terdeteksi gen MDR1 dan 4 penderita tidak mengekspresikan gen MDR1. Khususnya, ekspresi mRNA tertinggi diamati pada penderita yang telah mengalami metastasis terutama menuju hepar. Secara statistik, pengujian menggunakan Shapiro-Wilk (0,049 < 0,05) menyatakan data tidak terdistribusi normal antara kelompok jaringan normal dan kanker kolorektal. Sedangkan, pada uji Mann Whitney U (0,065 > 0,05) tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara jaringan normal dan jaringan kanker kolorektal. Rekomendasi selanjutnya adalah dengan menggunakan sampel lebih banyak untuk melihat pola ekspresi gen.

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Colorectal cancer is cancer located in the colon or rectum with the initial indication is the presence of non-cancerous polyps. Colorectal cancer ranks third as a malignant cancer and ranks second with the highest mortality rate in the world. The increase in colorectal cancer recorded in adults aged 30-40 years. The prevalence and urgency of early detection of colorectal cancer is obtained to get the results of a cancer diagnosis as a cancer treatment solution. The MDR1 gene as a drug efflux forms resistance to treatment causes failure in chemotherapy. This study aims to determine the expression of the MDR1 gene in colorectal cancer. This study uses the qPCR method which is specific and sensitive to one target. Based on the qPCR results, it was found that among 10 patients with colorectal cancer, there were 6 patients who were positive for the MDR1 gene and 4 patients were negative the MDR1 gene. In particular, the highest mRNA expression was observed in patients who had metastasized mainly to the liver. Statistically, the Shapiro-Wilk test (0.049 < 0.05) stated that the data were not normally distributed between the normal tissue groups and colorectal cancer. Meanwhile, the Mann Whitney U test (0.065 > 0.05) means that there is no significant difference between normal tissue and colorectal cancer tissue. The next recommendation is to use more samples to see the pattern of gene expression."

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Indonesia adalah negara tropis dengan transmisi infeksi DENV yang tinggi dan sebuah ancaman kesehatan di dunia tanpa terapi spesifik yang dapat bekerja secara tunggal. Rakyat Indonesia memiliki kepercayaan tinggi atas obat herbal, salah satunya yang berasal dari Kunyit dengan senyawa utama, Kurkumin dengan efek antioksidan, pencegah kanker dan anti-inflamasi yang sudah terbukti melalui uji in vivo dan in vitro. Beberapa penelitian membuktikan bahwa kurkumin bekerja sebagai antivirus DENV-2 namun mekanisme yaitu waktu dimana kurkumin bekerja paling efektif, belum diketahui. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara in vitro dengan Sel Vero yang diinfeksikan DENV-2. Fokus pada penelitian ini adalah membandingkan mekanisme penghambatan replikasi DENV-2 sekaligus persentase viabilitas sel pada pre-post (whole) dan post infeksi setelah diberikan Kurkumin dengan dosis 20 ug/mL. Infektivitas hambatan dan viabilitas sel diteliti melalui metode focus assay dan MTT assay. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, hasil penghambatan inefektivitas pada mekanisme pre-post (whole) dan post infeksi adalah 99,74% ± 3,90 dan 51,31% ± 8,97 secara berurutan. Penelitian untuk viabilitas sel mendapatkan hasil 73,21% dan 81,66% untuk pre-post (whole) dan post infeksi secara berurutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kurkumin memiliki efektivitas dalam mengambat DENV-2 lebih tinggi pada mekanisme pre-post infeksi (whole), dengan persentase penghambatan lebih tinggi serta toksitas rendah dengan viabilitas diatas 50%.

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In Indonesia, DENV infection remains a global health threat without an effective therapy available. One of Indonesian’s herbal medicine, turmeric with Curcumin as its main compound is believed to have antioxidant, cancer-preventing and anti-inflammatory effects through in vivo and in vitro trials. Previous studies have shown that curcumin act as DENV-2 antivirus. However, its mechanism, namely the time at which curcumin work effectively, is not known. This research was conducted using DENV-2 infected Vero cells through in vitro method. The focus of this study was to compare the mechanism of DENV-2 replication inhibition as well as the viability of Cell in the pre-post (whole) and post-infection phases after administrating curcumin with a dose of 20 ug/mL. Focus assay and MTT assay methods were used in the experiment. Based on the research conducted, the results of ineffectiveness inhibition on the pre-post and post infection mechanisms were 99.74% ± 3.90 and 51.31% ± 8.97, respectively. The results for cell viability showed 73.21% and 81.66% for the pre-post (whole) and post-infection mechanisms, respectively. The results showed that curcumin is more effective in inhibiting DENV-2 in the pre-post infection mechanism (whole), with a higher percentage of inhibition and less toxicity with viability above 50%.

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Kurkumin merupakan pigmen kuning alami dari rimpang kunyit yang diduga memiliki aktivitas kemopreventif terhadap sel kanker melalui mekanisme jalur pensinyalan apoptosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan kurkumin terhadap kadar protein RASSF1A,  Bax, dan aktivitas kaspase-3 dalam menunjang  mekanisme apoptosis pada sel kanker payudara CSA03, MCF-7, dan MDA-MB-468.

Penelitian eksperimen in vitro dilakukan di laboratorium terpadu Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia Jakarta,  laboratorium terpadu Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas YARSI Jakarta, RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta, serta RS Islam Jakarta tahun 2016–2018. Pemberian kurkumin terhadap sel kanker didasarkan atas perbedaan dosis dan waktu pemberian. Uji sitotoksisitas  setelah pemberian kurkumin ditentukan secara MTS.   Kadar protein RASSF1A dan Bax diuji secara ELISA. Aktivitas kaspase-3 digunakan untuk mengetahui apoptosis diuji secara flowsitometri. Selanjutnya perubahan morfologi sel diamati melalui pewarnaan acridine orange/ethidium bromide.

Pemberian kurkumin terhadap sel-sel yang diuji menunjukkan konsentrasi IC₅₀ yaitu 40,85 µg/mL pada sel CSA03; 75,73 µg/mL pada sel MCF-7; dan 380,79 µg/mL pada sel MDA-MB-468. Pemberian kurkumin menunjang mekanisme apoptosis melalui jalur RASSF1A, Bax, dan aktivitas kaspase-3 pada sel kanker payudara.

 

Kata Kunci:  Apoptosis, Bax, CSA03, kaspase-3, kurkumin,  MCF-7, MDA-MB-468, pewarnaan ganda, RASSF1A

 

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Curcumin is a natural yellow pigment from turmeric rhizome which is thought to have a chemopreventive effect on cancer through the mechanism of apoptotic signaling pathways. This study aims to examine the correlation of curcumin with protein level of RASSF1A, Bax, and caspase-3 activities in conjunction with the mechanism of apoptosis in CSA03, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells.

In vitro experimental research was carried out at the Integrated Laboratory of Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia Jakarta; RSUPN. Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta; and Jakarta Islamic Hospital during 2016–2018. Curcumin was administered to the cancer cells in different doses and time. Cytotoxicity test after administration of curcumin was determined by MTS. The protein level of RASSF1A and Bax were measured by ELISA. Caspase-3 activity was used to determine apoptosis by flow cytometry. Furthermore, changes in cell morphology were observed by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining.

The administration of curcumin to the cells showed IC50 concentrations of 40.85 µg/mL in CSA03 cells; 75.73 μg/mL in MCF-7 cells; and 380.79 µg/mL in MDA-MB-468 cells. The administration of curcumin supports the mechanism of apoptosis through the RASSF1A, Bax, and caspase-3 activity in breast cancer cells.

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"ABSTRACTCurcumin is an active ingredient obtained from the turmeric plant and has been reported to havemany biological activities as anti cancer, an anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant although itsclinical use is limited because of its poor solubility in water and inadequate dissolution. Objective- The aimof this research is to prepare dry dispersible emulsion (DDE) of curcumin and to know its effect on enhancingthe dissolution rate of curcumin. Method-The dry dispersible emulsion was prepared byusing a high-speedhomogenization and ultrasonic technique. Caseinate sodium was used as the surfactant while virgin coconutoil was used as the lipid. Dispersion of the dry emulsion was then spray dried. Dry dispersible emulsionpowder was characterized and compared with standard curcumin. Result-The DSC test showed a significantdecrease in the melting point. Conclusion-The dissolution rate of curcumin can be significantly improvedwith a dry dispersible emulsion formulation. In formula A and formula C, the maximum dissolved curcuminincreased by 83.65%, 81.53% in formula B, and 79.12% in formula C"

"Latar Belakang: Kurkumin ((1E,6E)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)hepta- 1,6-diene-3,5-dione) adalah sebuah zat dengan efek renoprotektif. Ketika digunakan dengan cisplatin, kedua zat ini bekerja secara sinergis dengan mengurangi efek nefrotoksik dari cisplatin. Namun, kurkumin memiliki kelarutan yang rendah, metabolism yang cepat, dan farmakokinetik yang buruk. Penggunaan nanopartikel kurkumin (nanokurkumin) dapat meningkatkan ambilan obat sehingga dapat meningkatkan kedayagunaanya dalam situasi klinik. Tujuan peneliatian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi kadar kurkumin dan nanokurkumin di jaringan ginjal tikus.Metode: Penelitian ini adalah studi eksperimental pada tikus yang diberikan cisplatin dan kurkumin 100 mg/kgbb (Cur100) atau cisplatin dan nanokurkumin 100 mg/kgbb (Nanocur100) atau cisplatin dan nanokurkumin 50mg/kgbb (Nanocur50). Masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 4 ekor tikus. Kurkumin dan nanokurkumin diberikan selama 7 hari. Sampling dilakukan 24 jam setelah pemberian dosis kurkumin atau nanokurkumin terakhir. Konsentrasi kurkumin dan nanokurkumin dianalisa menggunakan UPLC/MS-MS.Hasil: Data terkumpul disajikan dalam mean ± SEM. Rata-rata konsentrasi dari kurkumin pada grup Cur100 adalah 14.773 (CI: 8.904 – 20.642) pg/mg. Rata-rata konsentrasi dari nanokurkumin pada grup Nanocur100 adalah 11.631 (CI: 0.000 – 25.009) pg/mg. Rata-rata konsentrasi dari nanokurkumin pada grup Nanocur50 adalah 12.548 (CI: 0.563 – 24.534) pg/mg. Hasil dari tes one-way ANOVA adalah 0.805 (p>0.05) sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ditemukan signifikansi pada ketiga kelompok.Kesimpulan: Kurkumin dalam bentuk nanopartikel (nanokurkumin) yang diberikan bersama cisplatin tidak menghasilkan kadar dalam jaringan yang berbeda dibandingkan kurkumin konvensional.

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Background: Curcumin ((1E,6E)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)hepta-1,6- diene-3,5-dione) is a substance with renoprotective effect. When used together with cisplatin, it works synergistically by reducing the nephrotoxic effects of cisplatin. However, it has low solubility, rapid metabolism, and poor pharmacokinetics. Usage of curcumin nanoparticle (nanocurcumin) should increase the uptake of the drug thus improving its viability for clinical use. The aim of our study is to evaluate the concentration of curcumin and nanocurcumin in rat kidney tissue.

Methods: This research is an experimental study on rats that were given cisplatin and curcumin 100 mg/kgbw (Cur100) or cisplatin and nanocurcumin 100 mg/kgbw (Nanocur100) or cisplatin and nanocurcumin 50 mg/kgbw (Nanocur50). Each group consists of 4 rats. Curcumin and nanocurcumin were given for 7 days. Sampling were done 24 hours after the last dose of curcumin or nanocurcumin. Concentration of curcumin and nanocurcumin were analyzed using UPLC/MS-MS detection.

Result: Collected data was expressed in mean ± SEM. Mean concentration of curcumin in the first group (Cur100) was 14.773 (CI: 8.904 – 20.642) pg/mg. Mean concentration of nanocurcumin in the second group (Nanocur100) was 11.631 (CI: 0.000 – 25.009) pg/mg. Mean concentration of nanocurcumin in the third group (Nanocur50) was 12.548 (CI: 0.563 – 24.534) pg/mg. The result of one-way ANOVA test was 0.805 (p>0.05) thus concluded that there is no significance difference between the three groups.

Conclusion: Concentration of curcumin in nanoparticle form (nanocurcumin) that were given with cisplatin did not show distinguishable difference in kidney tissue in comparison to conventional curcumin."

"Latar Belakang: Kurkumin diketahui sebagai antiinflamasi, antioksidan, antiproliferatif, dan antiangiogenik, sehingga menjadi salah satu alternatif terapi diabetes tipe 2 dengan menghambat progresifitasnya. Dengan sediaan nanopartikel availibilitasnya semakin meningkat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat adanya efek nanokurkumin terhadap komplikasi diabetes melitus khususnya kardiomiopati yang dinilai dengan ekspresi mRNA B-type natriuretic peptide BNP pada jaringan jantung. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan jaringan tersimpan dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya. Jaringan kemudian dibuat menjadi cDNA dari sintesis isolasi RNA jaringan jantung tikus. Diabetes tipe 2 pada tikus dibuat dengan menginjeksikan streptozotocin dan nicotinamide. Nanokurkumin diberikan dalam dosis 100mg/kgBB/hari selama 30 hari. Tingkat ekspresi mRNA BNP-45 diukur dengan qRT-PCR dan dihitung dengan metode Livak. Hasil: Terdapat peningkatan ekspresi mRNA BNP-45 pada kelompok DM terhadap kelompok normal. Pemberian nanokurkumin sebanyak 100mg/KgBB selama 30 hari pada kelompok DM NK menghasilkan rasio ekspresi mRNA BNP-45 lebih rendah secara statistik terhadap kelompok DM. Kesimpulan: Nanokurkumin dapat menekan ekspresi mRNA BNP-45 pada jantung tikus yang diinduksi streptozotocin dan nicotinamide pada tingkat dosis 100mg/kgBB/hari selama 30 hari.

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Background: Curcumin is known as anti inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative, and antiangiogenic. Therefore it is promising to become alternative treatment of type 2 diabetic by inhibiting its progressiveness. From previous study, it was reported that bioavailability of curcumin increases in form of nanoparticles. This study was conducted to see the effect of nanacurcumin on cardiomyopathy assessed by the expression of B type natriuretic peptide BNP mRNA in heart tissue.

Method: This experimental study used stored tissue from previous research. Then the tissue changed to cDNA from RNA isolation synthesis of rats heart tissue. The type 2 diabetic in rat was induced by streptozotocin and nicotinamide. Nanocurcumin was given orally at the dose 100mg kgBW day for 30 days. The expression level of BNP 45 mRNA was measured by qRT PCR and calculated by the Livak method.

Result: There was an increased ratio of expression of BNP 45 mRNA in the DM group against the normal group. Nanocurcumin 100mg KgBB administered orally for 30 days in the DM NK group resulted in a statistically lower ration of BNP 45 mRNA expression than the DM Group.

Conclusion: Nanocurcumin may suppress expression of BNP 45 mRNA in the heart of rats induced streptozotocin and nicotinamide at a dose level of 100 mg kgBW day for 30 days."