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"This book gathers timely contributions on metrology and measurement systems, across different disciplines and field of applications. The chapters, which were presented at the 6th International Scientific-Technical Conference, MANUFACTURING 2019, held on May 19-21, 2019, in Poznan, Poland, cover cutting-edge topics in surface metrology, biology, chemistry, civil engineering, food science, material science, mechanical engineering, manufacturing, metrology, nanotechnology, physics, tribology, quality engineering, computer science, among others. By bringing together engineering and economic topics, the book is intended as an extensive, timely and practice-oriented reference guide for both researchers and practitioners. It is also expected to foster better communication and closer cooperation between universities and their business and industry partners."

"This volume comprises select papers presented at the International Conference on Advances in Manufacturing Technology (ICAMT 2018). It includes contributions from different researchers and practitioners working in the field of advanced manufacturing technology. This book covers diverse topics of contemporary manufacturing technology including material processes, machine tools, cutting tools, robotics and automation, manufacturing systems, optimization technologies, 3D scanning and re-engineering, and 3D printing. Computer applications in design, analysis, and simulation tools for solving manufacturing problems at various levels starting from material designs to complex manufacturing systems are also discussed. This book will be useful for students, researchers, and practitioners working in the field of manufacturing technology. "

"This book covers a variety of topics related to the Industry 4.0 concept, with a special emphasis on the efficiency of production processes and innovative solutions for smart factories. It describes tools supporting this concept in both the mechanical engineering and biomedical engineering field. The content is based on papers presented at the 6th International Scientific-Technical Conference MANUFACTURING 2019, held on 19-22 May 2019, in Poznan, Poland. Virtual reality, simulation of manufacturing systems, additive manufacturing, big data analysis, automation and application of artificial intelligence, as well as economic and social issues related to the integration of those technologies are just some of the topics discussed here. All in all, the book offers a timely and practice-oriented reference guide for researchers and practitioners, and is expected to foster better communication and closer cooperation between universities and their business and industrial partners."

"This book reports on topics at the interface between manufacturing, mechanical and chemical engineering. It gives a special emphasis to CAD/CAE systems, information management systems, advanced numerical simulation methods and computational modeling techniques, and their use in product design, industrial process optimization and in the study of the properties of solids, structures and fluids. Control theory, ICT for engineering education as well as ecological design and food technologies are also among the topics discussed in the book. Based on the International Conference on Design, Simulation, Manufacturing: The Innovation Exchange (DSMIE-2018), held on June 12-15, 2018, in Sumy, Ukraine, the book provides academics and professionals with a timely overview and extensive information on trends and technologies behind current and future developments of Industry 4.0, innovative design and renewable energy generation."

"Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Senyawa Kompleks Inti ganda Rutenium (ll)-2,2 bipiridin dan 2,9-dimetil 1,10-fenantrolin dengan 4,4'-bipiridin sebagai ligan jembatan XV + 66 halaman, gambar, label, lampiran Telah dilakukan sintesis senyawa kompleks [RuL2CI2] dari RuCI3.3H20 dengan perbandingan stoikiometri Ru : L = 1 : 2 mol dimana L ;2,2-bipiridin {bpy) atau 2,9-dimetil 1,10-fenantroiin(dmfen) dalam pelarut dimetilformamida (DMF), menghasilkan [Ru(bpy)2CI2] dan [Ru(dmfen)2CI2]. Adanya serapan pada X 432,5 ; 449,8 dan 465,0 nm dengan nilai absortivitas molar (e)=17500, 15300 dan 4200 Lcm~1mor1, menunjukkan transisi metal to ligan charge transfer (MLCT), mengindikasikan bahwa kompleks terbentuk dengan spin rendah dari ion pusat Ru(ll). Substitusi ligan gugus jembatan 4,4"-bipiridin (bpy') pada kompleks awal RuL2CI2 dengan adanya ion CIO"4 sebagai pengendap (counter ion) menghasilkan senyawa kompleks [Ru(bpy)2Clbpy']CIO4 dan [Ru(dmfen)2Clbpy']CIO4. Pergeseran puncak serapan kompleks awalnya diamati pada panjang gelombang yang lebih kecil (hipsokromik).Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ligan bpy' telah terkoordinasi pada ion pusat Ru (II) melalui satu sisi koordinasi. Selanjutnya sisi koordinasi bpy yang belum berikatan dimanfaatkan untuk berikatan dengan ion Ru(ll) yang lain membentuk kompleks inti ganda. Kompleks ini dibuat dengan perbandingan stoikiometri [RuL2CI2] : bpy' = 1:2 mol sehingga diperoleh senyawa kompleks inti ganda [(bpy)2RuClbpy'CIRu(bpy)2](CI04)2 dan [(dmfen)2RuClbpy'CIRu(dmfen)2](CIO4)2. Karakterisasi puncak serapan kompleks [Ru(bpy)2Clbpy']CI04 dan [(bpy)2RuClbpy'CIRu(bpy)2KCIO4)2 di daerah tampak masing-masing terjadi pada X 671,1 dan 675,0 nm dengan nilai E berturut-turut 400 dan 200 Lmol^cm"1 yang menunjukkan adanya transisi %g - 1Tig dalam internal orbital d Ru(ll). Transisi ini tidak teramati dengan jelas pada keempat senyawa kompleks hasil sintesis dengan ligan dmfen. Pergeseran puncak serapan pada daerah infra merah yang dihasilkan dari vibrasi C=N dan C=C aromatis ligan, serta adanya serapan baru pada bilangan gelombang 400 - 100 cm"1 yang berasal dari vibrasi (M-CI) dan (M- N), menunjukkan telah terbentuk senyawa kompleks. Kompleks Ru(ll) dengan bpy menghasilkan dua puncak serapan dari v(M-N) dan (M-CI) dan didukung oleh data serapan transisi MLCT yang masing-masing mempunyai dua puncak serapan, menunjukkan bahwa kompleks yang terbentuk memiliki simetri C2v dengan isomer-cis. Vibrasi tersebut pada kompleks Ru(ll) dengan dmfen masing-masing memberikan hanya satu puncak serapan, demikian juga transisi MLCTnya, menunjukkan bahwa kompleks yang terbentuk memiliki simetri D4h dengan isomer-trans.

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Synthesis and characterisation of polynuclear complexes compound of Rutenium (ll)-2,2-bipiridyl, 2,9-dimethyl 1,10-phenantroline with 4,4'-bipiridyl as bridging ligand.

Complexes compound [RuL2Cl2] have been prepared from RuCI3.3H2O, using mole ratio of Ru : L = 1 : 2, (L=2,2-bipiridyl or 2,9-dimethyl 1,10-phenantroline ligand) in dimethyl formamide (DMF) solvent, and result of [Ru(bpy)2CI2] and [Ru(dmfen)2CI2], Spectrum absorbtion of metal to ligan charge transfer (MLCT) at X 432,5 ; 449,8 and 465,0 nm with molar absorbtivity (e) 17500, 15300 , 4200 Lmole'W, showed that complexes were formed of low spin with Ru (II) as center ionic. Sunstitution 4,4'-bipiridyl as bridging ligand to [Rul^Cb] using mole ratio 1:1, and CIO"4 as counter ionic were added results [Ru(bpy)2Clbpy']CIO4 and [Ru(dmfen}2Clbpy']CIO4 . The blue shift peak were caused of substitution effect, showed that the bridging ligand were coordinate on Ru (II) center ion only one side. While the other side were able to coordinate with another Ru(ll)b ion, formed tha polynuclear complexes compound. The polynuclear complexes compound have been sinthesized using mole ratio [RuL2CI2]: bpy' = 2 : 1. Addition C!O~4 as counter ion, results t(bpy)2RuClbpy'CIRu(bpy)2](CIO4)2and[(dmfen)2RuClbpy'CIRu(dmfen)2]. Caracterization of complexes [(bpy)2Clbpy']Cl04 and [(bpy)2RuClbpy'C!Ru(bpy)2](Cl04)2 pectrum in visble range at X 671,1 and 675,0 nm with e = 400 and 200 Lmole"1cm"1 from 1Aig - 1Tig electronic transition or d -d. Infared spectrum showed peak of vibration C=N and C=C aromatic ring have been shifted and formation of peaks at 400 - 100 cm"1 from M-N and M-CI vibration, which mean the complexes were formed. Each of [Ru(bpy)2Cl2], [RU(bpy)2Clbpy']CIO4 and [(bpy)2RuClbpy'CIRu(bpy)2](CIO4)2 gives two peaks from v(M-N) and v(M-CI) and two peaks from MLCT electronic transition. These result indicate that complexes compound formed with simmetry C2v and isomer-cis. The complexes of Ru with dmfen ligand give each one peak from vibration (M-N), (M-CI) and MLCT transition, indicates these complexes formed D4h simmetry with trans-isomer"