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Kambing Saanen merupakan kambing perah yang dapat menghasilkan susu mencapai 2.695,3 kg dalam satu masa laktasi. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan efisiensi reproduksi serta meningkatkan kualitas kambing perah yaitu penerapan teknik Inseminasi Buatan (IB). Dalam proses pembekuan semen untuk inseminasi buatan, pengenceran semen dan pemberian krioprotektan berpengaruh terhadap kualitas semen beku yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan maltosa dengan berbagai konsentrasi ke dalam pengencer berbasis liposom (Optixcell^®) terhadap kualitas spermatozoa kambing Saanen selama kriopreservasi. Penampungan semen dilakukan dengan metode vagina buatan, lalu dilanjutkan dengan pemeriksaan makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Selanjutnya, semen diproses menjadi semen beku menggunakan nitrogen cair -196°C dan setiap tahap kriopreservasi dilakukan evaluasi secara mikroskopis dengan parameter motilitas, viabilitas, dan membran plasma utuh. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan enam ulangan. Empat perlakuan terdiri dari kontrol (OK); Optixcell^®+Maltosa 0,2% (O2); Optixcell^®+Maltosa 0,4% (O4); Optixcell^®+Maltosa 0,6% (O6). Data penelitian diuji menggunakan Analisis Varian (ANAVA) satu faktor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak adanya perbedaan nyata (P>0,05) pada nilai rata-rata presentase motilitas, viabilitas, dan membran plasma utuh. Penambahan maltosa ke dalam pengencer berbasis liposom (Optixcell^®) tidak memiliki pengaruh dalam mempertahankan kualitas semen beku kambing Saanen.

 

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Saanen goat is a dairy goat that can produce milk up to 2,695.3 kg in one lactation period. One of the way to improve reproductive efficiency and quality of dairy goat by implementing Artificial Insemination (IB) techniques. During the process of freezing semen for artificial insemination, the extender and cryoprotectant agents affect the quality of frozen semen produced. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of maltose addition into liposome based extender (Optixcell^®) on quality of Saanen goat during cryopreservation. Semen was collected using artificial vagina, then immediately evaluated in macroscopic and microscopic. Furthermore, the semen was processed into a frozen semen using liquid nitrogen -196°C and every cryopreservation steps were evaluated microscopically using sperm quality parameters such as motility, viability, and membrane integrity. The experimental design was RAL with four treatments and six repetition. Four treatments consisted of Controls (K); Optixcell^®+Maltose 0,2% (O2); Optixcell^®+Maltose 0,4% (O4); Optixcell^®+Maltose 0,6% (O6). The data were analyzed by one way ANAVA. In conclusion, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in average percentage of motility, viability, and membrane integrity. Addition of maltose to liposome based extender (Optixcell^®) has no significantly to maintain the quality of frozen semen Saanen goat.

 

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"Kambing Saanen merupakan salah satu kambing perah penghasil susu yang baik. Guna meningkatkan efisiensi reproduksi kambing Saanen, dikembangkan teknologi inseminasi buatan (IB). Salah satu faktor pendukung keberhasilan IB yaitu tersedianya semen beku sesuai kriteria. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu mengetahui pengencer semen yang optimal untuk semen beku kambing Saanen dengan membandingkan pengencer semen berbasis lesitin (Andromed®) dan liposom (Optixcell®) dengan penambahan maltosa 0,4%. Metode koleksi semen dilakukan dengan menggunakan vagina buatan. Semen kambing Saanen kemudian diperiksa secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Teknik penyimpanan semen beku dengan teknik kriopreservasi pada suhu -196ºC selama 10 menit. Evaluasi kualitas semen meliputi motilitas, viabilitas, dan membran plasma utuh (MPU). Hasil yang diperoleh diuji secara statistik dengan uji ANAVA satu faktor kemudian uji Tukey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan nyata (P>0,05) pada nilai rata-rata persentase motilitas perlakuan Andromed® (50,83±3,76); Andromed® + Maltosa 0,4% (50,83±3,76); Optixcell® (50,83±3,76); Optixcell® + Maltosa 0,4% (48,33±6,06), nilai rata-rata persentase viabilitas Andromed® (54,67±3,50); Andromed® + Maltosa 0,4% (54,50±2,51); Optixcell® (56,50±3,45); Optixcell® + Maltosa 0,4%(52,83±5,78), dan nilai rata-rata persentase MPU spermatozoa Andromed® (56,00±3,80); Andromed® + Maltosa 0,4% (56,50±5,47); Optixcell® (53,83±5,31); Optixcell® + Maltosa 0,4% (53,33±6,06). Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa pengencer semen liposom menghasilkan kualitas yang sama baik dengan pengencer semen berbasis lesitin dan penambahan maltosa 0,4% pada pengencer semen berbasis liposom dan lesitin tidak berpengaruh terhadap kualitas semen beku kambing Saanen yang dihasilkan

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The Saanen goat is a notable domestic goat that performs nicely in dairy production, such as milk. Efforts to improve the reproduction efficiency of Saanen goats, include the development of artificial insemination (IB) technology. A significant factor that effect AI is the availability of frozen semen according to satisfactory criteria. This research aims to determine the optimal semen extender for Saanen goat frozen semen by comparing lecithin‒based extender (Andromed) and liposomes (Optixcell) when added 0.4% maltose. Semen collection utilises artificial vagina, then is examined macroscopically and microscopically. The semen storage technique used in this study was the cryopreservation technique at -196 for 10 minutes. Criteria of semen quality includes motility, viability, and intact plasma membrane. The result obtained were statistically tested with the ANAVA one way factor test then Tukey test. The result showed that there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the average value of the motility percentage of treatments Andromed (50.83±3.76); Andromed + Maltosa 0.4% (50.83±3.76); Optixcell (50.83±3.76); Optixcell + Maltosa 0.4% (48.33±6.06), viability Andromed (54.67±3.50); Andromed + Maltosa 0.4% (54.50±2.51); Optixcell (56.50±3.45); Optixcell + Maltosa 0.4% (52.83±5.78), and intact plasma membrane Andromed® (56.00±3.80); Andromed + Maltosa 0.4% (56.50±5.47); Optixcell (53.83±5.31); Optixcell + Maltosa 0.4% (53.33±6.06). The results of the study concluded that the liposomes extender produced the same quality as the lecithin-based extender and the addition of 0.4% maltose in liposomes and lecithin‒based extender had no effect on the quality of the frozen semen Saanen goat."

"Kambing saanen merupakan jenis kambing penghasil susu yang potensial dikembangkan di Indonesia. Keberhasilan inseminasi buatan (IB) dengan semen beku sangat dipengaruhi oleh kualitas semen beku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan maltosa pada tiga konsentrasi berbeda (0,2%, 0,4%, dan 0,6%) ke dalam pengencer semen berbasis lesitin (Andromed®) terhadap kualitas spermatozoa kambing saanen selama kriopreservasi. Metode penampungan semen menggunakan vagina buatan, semen kambing saanen diperiksa secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Teknik penyimpanan semen beku dengan teknik kriopreservasi pada suhu -196ºC selama 10 menit. Evaluasi kualitas semen meliputi viabilitas dan membran plasma utuh. Hasil yang diperoleh diuji secara statistik dengan uji ANAVA satu faktor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan nyata (P>0,05) pada nilai rata-rata persentase viabilitas dan membran plasma utuh pascathawing. Nilai rata-rata persentase viabilitas pascathawing pada perlakuan Andromed® + Maltosa 0% (54,67±3,50%); Andromed® + Maltosa 0,2% (53,57±3,88%); Andromed® + Maltosa 0,4% (54,50±2,51%); Andromed® + Maltosa 0,6% (51,67±3,39%). Nilai rata-rata persentase membran plasma utuh pascathawing pada perlakuan Andromed® + Maltosa 0% (56,00±3,80%); Andromed® + Maltosa 0,2% (55,50±4,23%); Andromed® + Maltosa 0,4% (56,50±5,47%); Andromed® + Maltosa 0,6% (54,83±3,35%). Hasil Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa penambahan maltosa dalam pengencer semen berbasis lesitin (Andromed®) tidak memiliki pengaruh dalam mempertahankan kualitas spermatozoa kambing saanen selama kriopreservasi.

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Saanen goat is a type of goat that produces milk that potential to be developed in Indonesia. The success of artificial insemination (IB) with frozen semen is strongly influenced by the quality of frozen semen. This study aims to determine the effect of adding maltose at three different concentrations (0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6%) to lecithin-based cement diluent (Andromed®) on the quality of saanen goat spermatozoa during cryopreservation. The semen collection method used an artificial vagina, and the semen of the saanen goat was examined macroscopically and microscopically. The technique for frozen semen storage was cryopreservation at -196ºC for 10 minutes. Evaluation of semen quality included viability and intact plasma membrane. The results obtained were tested statistically by one factor ANOVA test. The results showed that there was no significant difference (P> 0.05) in the mean value of the percentage of viability and intact plasma membrane post-thawing. The mean value of the percentage of post-thaw viability in the Andromed® + Maltose 0% (54.67 ± 3.50%); Andromed® + Maltose 0.2% (53.57 ± 3.88%); Andromed® + Maltose 0.4% (54.50 ± 2.51%); Andromed® + Maltose 0.6% (51.67 ± 3.39%). The mean value of post-thawing intact plasma membrane percentage in Andromed® + Maltose 0% (56.00 ± 3.80%); Andromed® + Maltose 0.2% (55.50 ± 4.23%); Andromed® + Maltose 0.4% (56.50 ± 5.47%); Andromed® + Maltose 0.6% (54.83 ± 3.35%). The results of the study conclude that the addition of maltose in lecithin-based cement diluent (Andromed®) did not affect in maintaining the spermatozoa quality of the saanen goat during cryopreservation."

"ABSTRAKInseminasi buatan merupakan salah satu teknologi bioreproduksi yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan produksi kambing perah dengan kualitas unggul. Semen yang digunakan dalam inseminasi buatan harus diencerkan terlebih dahulu untuk menjaga kualitas selama penyimpanan tetap baik. Maltosa adalah salah satu komponennya yang sering digunakan dalam pengencer semen sebagai agen krioprotektan ekstraseluler, karena mampu mencegah kematian spermatozoa akibat terbentuknya kristal es di suhu dingin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi maltosa perbedaan pengencer semen terhadap kualitas spermatozoa kambing perah Sapera selama pengawetan pada 5oC. Semen segar diencerkan dalam 4 kelompok konsentrasi: 0%; 0,2%; 0,4% dan 0,6% maltosa. Setelah pengenceran, semen disimpan dalam dalam lemari es selama 4 hari. Evaluasi tingkat motilitas, viabilitas dan membran plasma Spermatozoa utuh dilakukan setiap 24 jam. Hasil studi menunjukkan konsentrasi maltosa 0,4% pada hari terakhir pengamatan memiliki persentase tertinggi dan berbeda nyata (P<0,05) pada parameter motilitas (50,00±0%), viabilitas (55,17 ± 2,93%) dan membran plasma utuh (57,17 ± 3,13%) dibandingkan dengan tigaperawatan lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi maltosa 0,4% adalah konsentrasi terbaik untuk digunakan dalam pengencer semen di pengawetan spermatozoa pada kambing perah Sapera.ABSTRACTArtificial insemination is one of the bioreproductive technologies used to increase the production of dairy goats with superior quality. Semen used in artificial insemination must be diluted first to maintain good quality during storage. Maltose is one of the components that is often used in cement diluents as an extracellular cryoprotectant agent, because it can prevent the death of spermatozoa due to the formation of ice crystals in cold temperatures. This study aimed to determine the effect of different concentrations of maltose in semen diluents on sperm quality of Sapera dairy goats during preservation at 5oC. Fresh semen was diluted in 4 concentration groups: 0%; 0.2%; 0.4% and 0.6% maltose. After dilution, the semen was stored in the refrigerator for 4 days. Evaluation of the level of motility, viability and plasma membrane of intact spermatozoa was carried out every 24 hours. The results showed that the maltose concentration of 0.4% on the last day of observation had the highest percentage and was significantly different (P<0.05) on the parameters of motility (50.00±0%), viability (55.17 ± 2.93%) and intact plasma membrane (57.17 ± 3.13%) compared with three other treatments. The results showed that the maltose concentration of 0.4% was the best concentration to be used as a cement diluent in the preservation of spermatozoa in Sapera dairy goats."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian osteoarthritis (OA) memerlukan model hewan karena progresifitas penyakit yang lambat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan metode induksi injeksi papain 5% intraartikular dengan menisektomi pada lutut kambing kacang sebagai model OA. Sembilan kambing menjadi subjek, satu ekor sebagai kontrol, grup papain dan menisektomi masing-masing empat ekor. Evaluasi dengan penilaian radiologis, makroskopis dan histologis. Penilaian makroskopis menunjukkan hasil tidak bermakna secara statistik tetapi penilaian menisektomi menunjukkan kerusakan pada kartilago dengan derajat yang lebih tinggi baik makroskopis maupun histologis.

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ABSTRACTResearches on osteoarthritis need animal model because slow progression of the disease. The aim of this study is to compare induction methods of papain 5% intraarticular injection and meniscectomy in Javanesse goat’s stiffle joints as animal model. Nine goats were involved in this study, one goat as control, four goats in papain and meniscectomy group each. Evaluation using radiologic, macroscopic and histologic scoring. Macroscopic scoring showed unsignificant finding statistically, but meniscectomy showed higher score of cartilage damage clinically and statistically."

"ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Berbagai material kaping pulpa berbahan dasar kalsium silikatterus dikembangkan, diantaranya semen berbasis kalsium silikat denganpenambahan steroid. Tujuan: Menganalisis efek penambahan steroid pada semenberbasis kalsium silikat terhadap viabilitas sel fibroblas. Metode: Sel fibroblasembrio ayam direndam dalam ekstrak larutan semen berbasis kalsium silikatdengan penambahan steroid dan MTA. Viabilitas sel dihitung dengan menggunakan uji MTT. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p ≤ 0,05)viabilitas sel pada kelompok semen berbasis kalsium silikat dengan penambahansteroid dibandingkan kelompok kontrol dan MTA. Kesimpulan: Penambahansteroid menurunkan viabilitas sel. Terdapat peningkatan pada 72 jam, yang menandakan terjadinya proliferasi sel.ABSTRACT Background: Calcium silicate based materials are being developed continuously,one of them is calcium silicate based cement containing steroid. Objective: Toanalyze the effect of steroid addition in calcium silicate based cement onfibroblast cells viability. Methods: Chicken embryonic fibroblast cells wereimmersed in extract solution of calcium silicate based cement containing steroidand MTA. Viability was analyzed by MTT Assay. Results: Significant difference (p ≤ 0,05) of viability on calcium silicate based cement containing steroid groupwas found, compared to control and MTA group. Conclusion: Steroid additiondecrease viability. There was an increase in 72 hours, marking cells proliferation.;Background: Calcium silicate based materials are being developed continuously,one of them is calcium silicate based cement containing steroid. Objective: Toanalyze the effect of steroid addition in calcium silicate based cement onfibroblast cells viability. Methods: Chicken embryonic fibroblast cells wereimmersed in extract solution of calcium silicate based cement containing steroidand MTA. Viability was analyzed by MTT Assay. Results: Significant difference (p ≤ 0,05) of viability on calcium silicate based cement containing steroid groupwas found, compared to control and MTA group. Conclusion: Steroid additiondecrease viability. There was an increase in 72 hours, marking cells proliferation.;Background: Calcium silicate based materials are being developed continuously,one of them is calcium silicate based cement containing steroid. Objective: Toanalyze the effect of steroid addition in calcium silicate based cement onfibroblast cells viability. Methods: Chicken embryonic fibroblast cells wereimmersed in extract solution of calcium silicate based cement containing steroidand MTA. Viability was analyzed by MTT Assay. Results: Significant difference (p ≤ 0,05) of viability on calcium silicate based cement containing steroid groupwas found, compared to control and MTA group. Conclusion: Steroid additiondecrease viability. There was an increase in 72 hours, marking cells proliferation."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh sari buah jeruk siam Citrus nobilis Lour. dalam pengencer tris kuning telur TKT terhadap kualitas spermatozoa domba garut Ovis aries L. 24 jam pascakriopreservasi. Semen ditampung dari lima pejantan domba garut satu kali dalam satu minggu menggunakan vagina buatan. Segera setelah dievaluasi, semen diencerkan dengan pengencer tris kuning telur yang mengandung sari buah jeruk 0 KK, 5 KP 1, 10 KP 2, 15 KP 3, dan 20 KP 4. Semen dikemas dalam straw 0,25 ml dengan konsentrasi akhir 50x106 spermatozoa/ml. Semen diekuilibrasi pada suhu 5oC selama dua jam kemudian dibekukan dan disimpan dalam tabung N2 cair. Semen dievaluasi terhadap parameter motilitas, viabilitas, integritas membran, integritas akrosom, dan abnormalitas. Hasil uji ANAVA satu arah menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan nyata antar kelompok perlakuan terhadap persentase motilitas, viabilitas, dan integritas membran p < 0,05. Hasil uji lanjut Duncan menunjukkan bahwa KP 2 memiliki perbedaan nyata terhadap semua kelompok perlakuan. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, penambahan sari buah jeruk pada konsentrasi 10 KP 2 merupakan konsentrasi terbaik yang mampu memperkecil penurunan kualitas spermatozoa domba garut pascakriopreservasi berdasarkan persentase motilitas 58,68 0,68, viabilitas 59,73 6,47, dan integritas membran 54,87 5,58.

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The research aimed to find out the effect of siam orange juice in extender on garut ram spermatozoa quality 24 hours postcryopreseration. Semen was collected from five rams once a week using artificial vagina. Semen sample was diluted in tris egg yolk based extender containing 0 KK, 5 KP 1, 10 KP 2, 15 KP 3 and 20 KP 4 siam orange juice. Semen was packed in 0.25 ml straw with a final concentration of 50x106 spermatozoa ml. Sperm was equilibrated at 5 C for two hours then frozen and stored in a liquid nitrogen N2 tube. Sperm parameters including motility, viability, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, and abnormality were assessed. One way ANAVA test results showed significant differences between treatment groups on the percentage of motility, viability, and membrane integrity."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagai konsentrasi sari buah nanas Ananas comosus L. Merr. dalam pengencer terhadap kualitas spermatozoa domba garut Ovis aries L. 24 jam pascakriopreservasi. Sampel semen ditampung dari lima ekor domba garut jantan satu kali dalam satu minggu menggunakan vagina buatan. Semen diencerkan dengan pengencer tris kuning telur yang mengandung sari buah nanas 0 KK, 5 KP 1, 10 KP 2, 15 KP 3, dan 20 KP 4. Semen dikemas dalam straw mini 0,25 ml dengan dosis 50 juta sel/ml. Semen diekuilibrasi pada suhu 5oC selama dua jam, kemudian dibekukan dan disimpan dalam nitrogen cair. Parameter yang dievaluasi adalah motilitas, viabilitas, integritas membran, integritas akrosom, dan abnormalitas. Hasil uji ANAVA satu faktor yang dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan menunjukkan perbedaan nyata P < 0,05 antara KK dan KP 3 terhadap persentase motilitas dan integritas membran spermatozoa. Konsentrasi sari buah nanas 15 mampu memperkecil penurunan kualitas spermatozoa berdasarkan persentase motilitas 52,19 5,32 dan integritas membran spermatozoa 38,52 4,85.

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The research aimed to find out the effect of various concentrations of pineapple Ananas comosus L. Merr. juice in extender on garut ram Ovis aries L. 24 hours postcryopreservation. Semen samples were collected from five garut rams once a week using an artificial vagina. The samples were diluted in tris egg yolk extender with pineapple juice 0 KK, 5 KP 1, 10 KP 2, 15 KP 3, and 20 KP 4. The diluted semen samples were loaded into mini straws 0,25 ml with 50 million cell ml dosage. Samples were equilibrated at 5oC for two hours, then freezed and stored in liquid nitrogen. Parameters evaluated were motility, viability, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, and abnormality. The one factor ANOVA and continued with Duncan test showed significant differences P 0.05 between KK and KP 3 on the percentage of spermatozoa motility and membrane integrity. Pineapple juice 15 was able to minimize the reduction of spermatozoa quality based on the percentage of spermatozoa motility 52.19 5.32 and membrane integrity 38.52 4.85."