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Mikroplastik merupakan partikel plastik yang terdegradasi di lingkungan dengan ukuran < 5 mm. Kandungan mikroplastik di perairan tawar berpotensi membahayakan kelangsungan hidup biota di dalamnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kelimpahan dan persentase komposisi bentuk mikroplastik pada insang dan saluran pencernaan ikan nila Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus,1758) di Ciliwung daerah Srengseng Sawah, Jakarta Selatan. Insang dan saluran pencernaan (lambung dan usus) dari 10 sampel ikan nila diekstraksi dan dihancurkan menggunakan larutan asam nitrat (HNO₃) 65%. Sampel yang telah diekstraksi kemudian diberi larutan NaCl jenuh agar mikroplastik mengapung ke permukaan. Sampel diteteskan sebanyak 1 ml pada Sedgwick Rafter Chamber kemudian diamati di bawah mikroskop dan dihitung jumlah mikroplastik berdasarkan bentuk partikelnya. Hasil penelitian terdapat kelimpahan mikroplastik pada sampel insang, lambung, dan usus ikan nila diantaranya bentuk fiber, film, fragmen, dan granula. Total kelimpahan rata-rata mikroplastik di insang sebanyak 4.135 ± 3.297,20 partikel/ind, di lambung sebanyak 2.772 ± 1.030,43 partikel/ind, dan di usus sebanyak 3.598 ± 1.582,18 partikel/ind ditemukan pada ikan nila. Persentase komposisi bentuk mikroplastik yang ditemukan dominan pada ikan nila terdapat bentuk fiber sebesar 57,85% di insang; 53,21% di lambung dan 53,06% di usus.

 

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Microplastics are plastic particles that degrade in the environment with a size of <5 mm. The content of microplastics in freshwater has the potential to endanger the survival of the biota in it. This study aims to analyze the abundance and percentage composition of microplastic forms in the gills and digestive tract of Nile Tilapia fish Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Ciliwung, Srengseng Sawah, South Jakarta. The gills and digestive tract (stomach and intestines) of 10 samples of nile tilapia fish were extracted and crushed using a 65% nitric acid (HNO3) solution. The extracted sample is then given a saturated NaCl solution so that the microplastic floats to the surface. The sample was dropped as much as 1 ml into the Sedgwick Rafter Chamber and then observed under a microscope and the number of microplastics was calculated based on the shape of the particles. The results showed an abundance of microplastics in the samples of gill, stomach, and intestines of tilapia including the form of fiber, film, fragments, and granules. The total abundance of microplastics in the gills was 4.135 ± 3.297,20 particles / ind, 2.772 ± 1.030,43 particles / ind in the stomach, and 3.598 ± 1.582,18 particles / ind in the intestine, which was found in tilapia. The percentage composition of the microplastic form that was found predominantly in tilapia contained a fiber form of 57,85% in the gills; 53,21% in the stomach and 53,06% in the intestine.

 

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"Ikan Nila Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) pada Setu Babakan Jagakarsa, Jakarta Selatan banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat sekitar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis presentase kelimpahan bentuk mikroplastik pada insang, lambung, dan usus ikan Nila Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) yang diperoleh dari Setu Babakan, Jagakarsa, Jakarta Selatan. Penelitian dilakukan di Setu Babakan dan Laboratorium Biologi Laut, Departemen Biologi FMIPA Universitas Indonesia. Sampel ikan Nila yang diteliti sebanyak 18 ekor dengan panjang berkisar 13-20 cm. Sampel diisolasi untuk kemudian dilakukan metode destruksi dengan menggunakan larutan HNO3 65% sehingga dapat dilakukan proses analisis kelimpahan dan bentuk mikroplastik di bawah mikroskop. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat total kelimpahan rata-rata pada sampel air permukaan sebesar 308,00 ± 128,29 partikel/liter; insang sebesar 7.820 ± 1.847 partikel/individu; pada sampel lambung sebesar 2.588,11 ± 751,33 partikel/individu; dan pada sampel usus sebesar 5.178,16 ± 2.098,55 partikel/individu. Total kelimpahan mikroplastik terbesar terdapat pada sampel insang dan terendah pada sampel lambung. Hasil uji statistik Kruskal-Wallis menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan presentase bentuk mikroplastik (fiber, film, fragmen dan granula) yang signifikan pada sampel insang, lambung dan usus ikan Nila Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus,1758) di Setu Babakan Jagakarsa, Jakarta Selatan

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Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Setu Babakan Jagakarsa, South Jakarta is widely consumed by the local communities. This study analyzed percentage abudance of microplastics form in the gills, stomach, and intestinal of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) from Setu Babakan Jagakarsa, South Jakarta. This study was conducted at Setu Babakan and Marine Biology Laboratory, Departement of Biology FMIPA UI, Depok. The samples of Nile Tilapia studied were 18 individuals with the same relative length between 13-20 cm. The sample were isolated in order to do the destruction methods with HNO3 65%, then analysis of abundance and shape of microplastics can be done. The results show that the average total abudance in the gills sample was 7.820 ± 1.847 particles/individual; in the stomach was 2.588,11 ± 751,33 particles/individual; and in the intenstine was 5.178,16 ± 2.098,55 particles/individuals. The highest total abudance of microplastics was found in the gills and the lowest in the stomach samples. The results from Kruskal-Wallis statistical test shows there was no significant difference in the percentage of microplastics form (fiber, film, fragment, and granules) in the gills, stomach, and intestinal samples of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus,1758) in Setu Babakan, Jagakarsa, South Jakarta."

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Abstrak

 

Ikan sapu-sapu merupakan salah satu ikan yang dapat dijumpai di Ciliwung dan mampu bertahan dari pencemaran pada perairan sehingga kerap dijadikan indikator biologis untuk  perairan tercemar. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kelimpahan dan bentuk mikroplastik pada ikan sapu-sapu Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Castelnau, 1855), air, dan sedimen di Ciliwung daerah Srengseng Sawah, Jakarta Selatan. Pengambilan sampel ikan dilakukan dengan jaring sebanyak 4 kali dan diambil 10 ekor. Pengambilan sampel air dan sedimen dilakukan pada 5 titik. Insang dan saluran pencernaan di ekstraksi dan dihancurkan menggunakan HNO₃ 65%. Sampel air sebanyak 20 liter disaring dengan plankton net. Sampel sedimen diambil kemudian sampel dikeringkan di oven. Larutan NaCl jenuh ditambahkan untuk pengapungan mikroplastik pada tiap sampel insang, lambung, usus, air tersaring, dan sedimen kering. Sampel diletakkan pada Sedgwick Rafter Chamber kemudian diamati bentuk dan jumlah mikroplastik di bawah mikroskop. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelimpahan rata-rata mikroplastik pada Insang adalah 5.973 ± 1.087,85 partikel ind^-1, 5.250 ± 313,22 partikel ind^-1 pada lambung, 5.089 ± 253,79 partikel ind^-1 pada usus,  223,6 ± 46,12 partikel L^-1 pada air, dan 336.320 ± 38.087,68 partikel kg^-1 pada sedimen. Persentase komposisi bentuk mikroplastik terbesar pada insang, lambung, usus, dan sedimen adalah fragmen. Untuk sampel air, persentase komposisi bentuk mikroplastik terbesar adalah film.

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Abstract

 

Cattle fish is one of the fish that can be found in Ciliwung and is able tostand with pollution in the waters so it is often used as a biological indicator for polluted waters. This study aims to analyzed the abundance and shape of microplastics in the cattle fish Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Castelnau, 1855), water and sediments in Ciliwung, Srengseng Sawah, South Jakarta. Fish samples were taken with a net 4 times and 10 were taken. Water and sediment samples were taken at 5 points. Gills and digestive tract were extracted and crushed using 65% HNO3. A 20 liter water sample was filtered with a plankton net. The sediment sample was taken and then the sample was dried in an oven. A saturated NaCl solution was added for microplastic flotation on each sample of gills, stomach, intestines, filtered water, and dry sediment. The sample was placed in the Sedgwick Rafter Chamber and then the shape and number of microplastics were observed under a microscope. The results showed that the average abundance of microplastics in gills was 5,973 ± 1087.85 ind-1 particles, 5,250 ± 313.22 ind-1 particles in the stomach, 5.089 ± 253.79 ind-1 particles in the intestine, 223.6 ± 46 , 12 particles of L-1 in water, and 336,320 ± 38,087.68 particles of kg-1 in sediment. The largest percentage of microplastic form compositions in gills, stomach, intestines, and sediments are fragments. For water samples, the largest percentage composition of the microplastic form is film.

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"Pencemaran mikroplastik menjadi ancaman bagi kehidupan biota. Mikroplastik yang terakumulasi dalam saluran pencernaan biota dapat menghambat pertumbuhan, mempengaruhi reproduksi, dan kerusakan organ internal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelimpahan dan  bentuk mikroplastik pada air, sedimen, insang, dan saluran pencernaan Ikan Nila Oreochromis niloticus di Situ Rawa Besar, Depok. Sampel air dan sedimen di ambil pada 3 stasiun pengambilan sampel dari situ. Sampel Ikan Nila diambil 5 ekor masing-masing pada 3 stasiun. Sampel insang dan saluran pencernaan dihancurkan menggunakan larutan asam nitrat (HNO3) 65%. Sampel air diambil 20 L dan disaring menggunakan plankton net. Sampel sedimen dikeringkan dalam oven sebanyak 25 gram. Larutan NaCl jenuh digunakan untuk memisahkan mikroplastik dengan pengotor. Sebanyak 1 mL sampel diteteskan pada Sedgewick Rafter Chamber kemudian diamati dan dihitung berdasarkan bentuk mikroplastik di bawah mikroskop. Hasil penelitian pada Juli 2022 menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan mikroplastik berkisar antara 15,00-23,33 partikel L-1 pada air, 20.330,00-45.330,00 partikel kg-1 pada sedimen, 182,67-593,33 partikel ind-1 pada insang, dan 596,00-701,33 partikel ind-1 pada saluran pencernaan. Kelimpahan mikroplastik tersebut lebih rendah dari kelimpahannya pada September 2023, yaitu berkisar antara 24,33-34,67 partikel L-1 pada air, 31.000,00-65.670,00 partikel kg-1 pada sedimen, 317,33-744,00 partikel ind-1 pada insang, dan 844,00-1.120,00 partikel ind-1 pada saluran pencernaan. Bentuk mikroplastik yang paling dominan adalah fragmen pada air, Ikan Nila, dan sedimen. Penelitian ini menunjukkan peningkatan jumlah mikroplastik di Situ Rawa Besar seiring berjalannya waktu yang didukung oleh beberapa faktor seperti peningkatan populasi, peningkatan sampah plastik, aktivitas antropogenik, dan curah hujan.

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Microplastic pollution poses a threat to the life of aquatic organisms. Accumulated microplastics in the digestive tracts of these organisms can hinder growth, affect reproduction, and cause internal organ damage. This research aims to determine the abundance and forms of microplastics in water, sediment, gills, and digestive tracts of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Situ Rawa Besar, Depok. Water and sediment samples were collected from three sampling stations in the lake. Five Nile Tilapia samples were taken from each station. Gill and digestive tract samples were digested using 65% nitric acid (HNO3) solution. Twenty liters of water were collected and filtered using a plankton net. Sediment samples were dried in an oven, with 25 grams used for analysis. A saturated NaCl solution was employed to separate microplastics from impurities. One milliliter of the sample was dropped onto a Sedgewick Rafter Chamber, then observed and counted based on microplastic forms under a microscope. The research results in July 2022 indicated that microplastic abundance ranged from 15.00 to 23.33 particles L-1 in water, 20,330.00 to 45,330.00 particles kg-1 in sediment, 182.67 to 593.33 particles ind-1 in gills, and 596.00 to 701.33 particles ind-1 in the digestive tract. These abundances were lower than those in September 2023, ranging from 24.33 to 34.67 particles L-1 in water, 31,000.00 to 65,670.00 particles kg-1 in sediment, 317.33 to 744.00 particles ind-1 in gills, and 844.00 to 1,120.00 particles ind-1 in the digestive tract. The most dominant form of microplastics was fragments in water, Nile Tilapia, and sediment. This research indicates an increase in the quantity of microplastics in Situ Rawa Besar over time, supported by factors such as population growth, increased plastic waste, anthropogenic activities, and rainfall."

"Waduk Ria Rio, Jakarta Timur merupakan perairan yang berbatasan langsung dengan wilayah perkotaan. Aktivitas memancing merupakan kegiatan yang sering dilakukan oleh masyarakat setempat dan sebagian besar hasil tangkapan adalah ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Aktitivitas tersebut tentu membutuhkan manajemen pengelolaan sumberdaya ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan panjang-berat, faktor kondisi, dan kelimpahan ikan nila menggunakan metode Catch per Unit of Effort (CPUE) sehingga informasi tersebut dapat dijadikan dasar pertimbangan dalam kebijakan pengembangan Waduk Ria Rio. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan Februari 2023. Metode purposive sampling digunakan untuk pengambilan sampel air, sementara itu pengambilan sampel ikan menggunakan jala tebar sesuai dengan daerah sering ditemukannya ikan. Parameter fisikia dan kimia yang diukur terdiri dari suhu, kecerahan, turbiditas, pH, dan DO. Total jumlah sampel ikan yaitu 144 ekor yang terdiri dari 100 ekor betina dan 44 ekor jantan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah ikan yang sering tertangkap memiliki panjang 12—16 cm, terdiri dari 18 ekor jantan dan 34 ekor betina. Berat tubuh ikan yang sering tertangkap adalah 30—61 g, terdiri dari 25 ekor jantan dan 58 ekor betina. Kelimpahan ikan nila secara umum relatif tinggi dengan total hasil tangkapan sebesar 24 ekor/jam. Analisis hubungan panjang dan berat menunjukkan pola pertumbuhan alometrik positif. Nilai faktor kondisi Fulton sebesar 1,7 dan faktor kondisi relatif sebesar 200. Hasil pengukuran kualitas air menunjukkan nilai suhu, pH, dan DO masih berada dalam batas toleransi atau normal. Nilai kecerahan dan turbiditas tidak sesuai batas toleransi yang ada. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah ikan nila di Waduk Ria Rio memiliki kelimpahan yang relatif tinggi tetapi belum layak untuk ditangkap karena masuk ke dalam kategori juvenil atau masih berumur muda berdasarkan panjang dan beratnya.

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Waduk Ria Rio, East Jakarta is a reservoir that is directly adjacent to the urban areas. Fishing is an activity that is often carried out by the local community and most of the catch is nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). This activity prompted the need for fish resource management. This study aims to determine the length-weight relationship, condition factors, and tilapia abundance using the Catch per Unit of Effort (CPUE) method so that the information can be used as a basis for consideration in the development policy of the Rio Ria Reservoir. The study was conducted in February 2023. The purposive sampling method is used for water sampling, while fish sampling is carried out using cast nets according to the area where fish are often found. Physical and chemical parameters measured consist of temperature, brightness, turbidity, pH, and DO. The total number of nile tilapia samples was 144, consisting of 100 females and 44 males. The results showed that nile tilapia that were often caught had a length of 12—16 cm, consisting of 18 males and 34 females. The body weight that is often caught is 30—61 g, consisting of 25 males and 58 females. The abundance of nile tilapia is relatively high with a total catch of 24 fish/hour. Analysis of the length-weight relationship showed a positive allometric growth pattern. A Fulton condition factor value of 1,7 and a relative condition factor of 200 were gained. The result of water quality measurements showed temperature, pH, and DO values are still within a tolerable range. Brightness and turbidity do not match the existing tolerable range. This study concludes that nile tilapia in Ria Rio Reservoir has a relatively high abundance but is not yet suitable for catching because most of the fish are still in the juvenile category based on their length and weight."

"Analisis Kelimpahan Mikroplastik pada Insang dan Saluran Pencernaan Ikan Sapu-sapu Pterygoplichtys pardalis (Castelnau, 1855), Air, dan Sedimen di Ciliwung Daerah Tanjung Barat dan Daerah MT Haryono, Jakarta Selatan

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Abundance Analysis of Microplastic in Gills dan Digestive Tract of Sailfin Catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Castelnau, 1855), Water, and Sediment in Tanjung Barat Area and MT Haryono Area, Ciliwung, South Jakarta"

"Waduk Ria Rio merupakan perairan tawar di Jakarta Timur yang dimanfaatkan masyarakat setempat untuk menangkap ikan. Jenis ikan yang paling sering ditangkap adalah ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui rasio kelamin, tingkat dan indeks kematangan gonad, fekunditas, dan diameter telur ikan nila di Waduk Ria Rio. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan Februari 2023. Metode purposive sampling digunakan di sembilan stasiun untuk pengambilan sampel air, sedangkan pengambilan sampel ikan berdasarkan lokasi ikan sering ditemukan menggunakan jala tebar. Pengukuran panjang dan penimbangan berat ikan dilakukan secara langsung di lapangan. Gonad diawetkan dalam alkohol 70% dan diamati di Laboratorium Ekologi Departemen Biologi FMIPA UI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rasio kelamin jantan dan betina ikan nila tidak seimbang dengan perbandingan 1 : 2,04 yang didominasi oleh betina. Ikan nila betina yang diperoleh sebanyak 49 ekor, sedangkan ikan jantan sebanyak 24 ekor. Tingkat kematangan gonad bervariasi yang menunjukkan ikan nila dapat memijah sepanjang tahun. Ikan nila yang didapatkan sedang memasuki masa pemijahan dilihat dari banyaknya jumlah ikan yang telah matang gonad (TKG III dan IV). Nilai indeks kematangan gonad kurang dari 20% dengan kisaran 0,01—3,78%. Fekunditas ikan nila berkisar 258—1190 butir. Ukuran diameter panjang telur berkisar 0,86—2,75 mm dan diameter lebar telur berkisar 0,64—2,39 mm. Berdasarkan sebaran diameter telur, diketahui ikan nila memiliki pola pemijahan partial spawner.

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Ria Rio Reservoir is a freshwater ecosystem in East Jakarta that is used by local people to catch fish. The most commonly caught fish is nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The aims of this research were to determine sex ratio, gonad maturity stage, gonadal-somatic index, fecundity, and egg diameter of nile tilapia in Ria Rio Reservoir. Sampling was carried out in February 2023. Purposive sampling method was used in nine stations for water sampling, while fish sampling based on fish location is often found using cast net. Measurement of the length and weighing of fish is carried out in the field. The gonads were preserved in 70% alcohol and observed in the Ecology Laboratory of Departement of Biology FMIPA UI. The results showed that sex ratio of male and female was unbalanced with a ratio of 1 : 2,04 and was dominated by females. The female caught were 49 fish, while the male were 24 fish. Gonad maturity stage was varies, indicating that nile tilapia can spawn throughout the year. The nile tilapia obtained was entering the spawning period seen from the large number of fish that have matured (stage III and IV). Gonadal-somatic index was less than 20% with a ranged of 0,01—3,78%. Fecundity of fish ranged from 258—1190 eggs. Egg length diameter ranged from 0,86—2,75 mm and egg width diameter ranged from 0,64—2,39 mm. Based on distribution of egg diameter, nile tilapia is a partial spawner."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk dan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada air, insang, dan saluran pencernaan ikan mujair Oreochromis mossambicus dan ikan setan merah Amphilophus labiatus yang terdapat di Situ Salam, Kampus Universitas Indonesia, Depok. Sampel air diambil sebanyak 20 L lalu disaring menggunakan plankton net sampai volume air menjadi 200 ml sementara sampel ikan mujair dan ikan setan merah diambil masing-masing 10 ekor dengan jala lalu disimpan di wadah penyimpanan berisi formalin 40%. Ekstraksi sampel dilakukan di Laboratorium Biologi Kelautan, Departemen Biologi, FMIPA UI dengan metode dekstruksi oleh HNO3 65% kemudian dilakukan analisis bentuk dan kelimpahan mikroplastik di bawah mikroskop. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, rata-rata total kelimpahan mikroplastik pada air diperoleh 153,7 ± 44,2 partikel L-1, pada saluran pencernaan ikan mujair diperoleh 2.868 ± 723,5 partikel ind-1, pada saluran pencernaan ikan setan merah diperoleh 3.548,4 ± 1031,4 partikel ind-1, pada insang ikan mujair diperoleh 3.782,6 ± 1.171,6 partikel ind-1, dan pada insang ikan setan merah diperoleh 3.848 ± 863,1 partikel ind-1. Bentuk mikroplastik yang mendominasi pada air situ, saluran pencernaan, dan insang adalah bentuk fiber. Berdasarkan hasil Uji T Dua Sampel terhadap sampel insang dan pencernaan dari ikan mujair dan ikan setan merah menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan.

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Research has been carried out that aims to analyze the shape and microplastics in the water, gills, and digestive tract of tilapia fish Oreochromis mossambicus and red devil fish Amphilophus labiatus that found in Salam Lake, University of Indonesia Campus, Depok. Water samples were taken as much as 20 L and then filtered using a plankton net until the water volume became 200 ml while samples of tilapia fish and red devil fish were taken each with a net and stored in a storage container containing formalin 40%. Sample extraction was carried out at the Marine Biology Laboratory, Department of Biology, FMIPA UI with the destruction method by HNO3 65% and then analyzed the shape and abundance of microplastics under a microscope. The results showed that the average total abundance of microplastics in water was 153,7 ± 44,2 L-1 particles, in the digestive tract of tilapia fish it was obtained 2.868 ± 723,5 ind-1 particles, in the digestive tract of red devil fish obtained 3.548,4 ± 1.031,4 ind-1 particles, in the gills of tilapia fish obtained 3.782,6 ± 1.171,6 ind-1 particles, and in the gills of red devil fish obtained 3.848 ± 863,1 particles ind-1. The predominant form of microplastic in the water, digestive tract, and gills is the form of fiber. Based on the results of the Two-Sample T-Test on gill and digestive samples of tilapia fish and red devil fish, there is no significant difference."

"Mikroplastik didefinisikan sebagai partikel plastik dengan ukuran <5 mm. Mikroplastik dapat masuk ke dalam tubuh organisme air khususnya ikan melalui oral dan insang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk dan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada air, insang dan saluran pencernaan ikan mujair Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852) serta menguji perbedaan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada ikan mujair di Danau Kenanga dan Danau Agathis Universitas Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan di Departemen Biologi FMIPA UI, Depok. Sampel ikan mujair diperoleh sebanyak total 20 ekor dari kedua danau dengan panjang tubuh relatif antara 16--19 cm. Insang dan saluran pencernaan dari 20 sampel ikan mujair diisolasi, kemudian diekstraksi dan dihancurkan menggunakan larutan asam nitrat (HNO3) 65%. Sampel yang telah diekstraksi kemudian diberi larutan NaCl jenuh agar mikroplastik mengapung ke permukaan. Sampel diteteskan sebanyak 1 ml pada Sedgwick Rafter Chamber kemudian diamati di bawah mikroskop dan dihitung jumlah mikroplastik berdasarkan bentuk partikelnya. Total kelimpahan rata-rata mikroplastik pada air Danau Kenanga sebesar 1.766,6 ± 40,11 partikel/L, sementara total kelimpahan rata-rata mikroplastik air pada Danau Agathis sebesar 1.885,53 ± 106,27 partikel/L. Total kelimpahan rata-rata mikroplastik ikan mujair pada Danau Kenanga di insang sebanyak 6.232 ± 1.898,66 partikel/ind dan di saluran pencernaan sebanyak 9.108 ± 4.027,14 partikel/ind, sementara total kelimpahan rata-rata mikroplastik ikan mujair pada Danau Agathis di insang sebanyak 6.716 ± 2.467,67 partikel/ind dan di saluran pencernaan sebanyak 4.038 ± 2.180,75 partikel/ind. Persentase komposisi bentuk mikroplastik yang ditemukan dominan pada Danau Kenanga terdapat bentuk fragmen sebesar 40% di air; fiber 80% di insang dan fiber 75% di saluran pencernaan, Sementara komposisi bentuk mikroplastik yang ditemukan dominan pada Danau Agathis terdapat bentuk fiber sebesar 43% di air; 75% di insang dan 67% di saluran pencernaan. Hasil analisis statistik Uji Mann-Whittney menunjukkan adanya perbedaan secara signifikan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada ikan mujair di Danau Kenanga dan Danau Agathis, Universitas Indonesia.

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Microplastics are define as plastic particles with a size of <5 mm. Microplastics can enter the body of aquatic organisms, especially fish through the mouth and gills. This study aims to determine the shape and abundance of microplastics in water, gill and digestive tract tilapia fish Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852) at Kenanga Pond and Agathis Pond, University of Indonesia and to analyze and examine differences in the abundance of microplastics in tilapia fish at Kenanga Pond and Agathis Pond, University of Indonesia. The study was conducted at Department of Biology FMIPA UI, Depok. Total 20 tilapia fish from the two lakes with relative length between 16--19 cm. Gills and digestive tract samples were obtained of tilapia fish were isolated, extracted and then crushed using a saturated solution of nitric acid (HNO3) 65%. The extracted sample is then given NaCl solution so that the microplastic floats to the surface. As much as 1 ml NaCl were dropped in the Sedgwick Rafter Chamber then observed under a microscope. The number of microplastic was calculated based on the type. The average total abundance of microplastics in the water of Kenanga Pond was 1.766,6 ± 40,11 particles/L, meanwhile the average total abundance of microplastics in the water of Agathis Pond was 1.885,53 ± 106,27 particles/L. The average total microplastics in tilapia gill at Kenanga Pond was 6.232 ± 1.898,66 particles/ind and in the digestive tract was 9.108 ± 4,027.14 particles/ind, meanwhile the average total abundance microplastics in tilapia gill at Agathis Pond was 6.716 ± 2.467,67 particles/ind and in the digestive tract was 4.038 ± 2.180,75 particles/ind. The percentage composition of the microplastic form that was found dominant at Kenanga Pond were as much as 40% fragments in the water; 80% fiber in the gills and 75% fiber in the digestive tract. Meanwhile, the percentage composition of the microplastic form that was found dominant at Agathis Pond were as much as 43% fiber in the water; 75% in the gills and 67% in the digestive tract. The results of the Mann-Whittney test statistical analysis showed that there was significant difference between abundance of microplastics in tilapia fish at of Kenanga Pond and Agathis Pond, University of Indonesia."

"Waduk Ria Rio, Jakarta Timur merupakan waduk yang dimanfaatkan masyarakat untuk penangkapan ikan. Penangkapan ikan yang terus menerus dapat menyebabkan penurunan kepadatan ikan yang ada di Waduk Ria Rio. Salah satu ikan yang sering tertangkap oleh pemancing yaitu ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) yang mampu hidup pada kondisi lingkungan yang luas dan dapat menyesuaikan dengan jenis makanan yang tersedia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebiasaan makanan (food habit) ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) di Waduk Ria Rio. Penelitian kebiasaan makanan ikan meliputi pengukuran panjang tubuh dan berat ikan, serta panjang usus dan berat pencernaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling untuk pengambilan sampel air. Kemudian, pengambilan sampel ikan mengikuti pergerakan ikan. Pengawetan pencernaan ikan menggunakan alkohol 70%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ikan nila mempunyai panjang usus 3–7 kali lebih panjang dari tubuhnya dan dikategorikan sebagai ikan herbivora. Komposisi jenis makanan yang ditemukan yaitu Euglenophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, dan Bacillariophyta. Euglenophyta menjadi makanan utama dengan persentase Indeks Bagian Terbesar 75%. Kemudian, hasil perhitungan luas relung berkisar antara 4,1982—4,8267 menyatakan bahwa ikan nila mampu memanfaatkan sumber daya yang tersedia secara umum. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan parameter lingkungan, Waduk Ria Rio masih dapat mendukung kehidupan ikan nila. Informasi ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan dalam pengelolaan ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) di Waduk Ria Rio.

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Ria Rio Reservoir, located in East Jakarta, is a reservoir that is used by the community for fishing. Continuous fishing activities can lead to a decrease in fish density in the reservoir. One of the fish species that is often caught by fishermen is the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), which can live in a wide range of environmental conditions and adapt to available food sources. The purpose of this study is to determine the food habits of Nile tilapia in Ria Rio Reservoir, which can be used as a reference for the management of Nile tilapia in the reservoir. The study includes measuring the length and weight of the fish and the digestive tract and also the food composition. The study uses purposive sampling for water sampling, and the fish sampling follows the movement of the fish. The fish's digestion is preserved using 70% alcohol. The results show that Nile tilapia has a digestive tract length of 3–7 times longer than its body and is categorized as an herbivorous fish. The food composition found includes Euglenophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, and Bacillariophyta, with Euglenophyta being the main food source with a percentage of 75%. The calculated area of the niche ranges from 4.1982—4.8267, indicating that Nile tilapia can utilize available resources in general. Based on the observation of environmental parameters, Ria Rio Reservoir can still support the life of Nile tilapia. This information is expected to be a reference for the management of Nile tilapia in Ria Rio Reservoir."