Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Penelitian ini menelusuri berbagai bentuk alienasi yang dihadapi perempuan buruh harian lepas di perkebunan sawit rakyat (BHL sawit) yang tidak hanya berkaitan dengan aktivitas produksinya tetapi juga aktivitas reproduksinya, serta menelusuri bagaimana perempuan BHL sawit proses membangun agensi dalam menghadapi alienasi atas dirinya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di sebuah perkebunan sawit rakyat berskala industri di Povinsi Riau. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan perspektif feminis dan menggunakan kerangka teori alienasi yang dikembangkan oleh Alison Jaggar dan teori agensi yang dikembangkan oleh Sherry B. Ortner. Melalui rangkaian pendekatan tersebut, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perempuan BHL sawit mengalami empat bentuk alienasi yakni alienasi seksualitas, alienasi motherhood, alienasi intelektualitas dan alienasi terhadap alam. Proses alienasi atas perempuan BHL sawit dalam empat bentuk tersebut tidak terlepas dari proses tersingkirnya perempuan sebagai akibat ketidaktersediaan sumber produksi dan hubungan pengelolaan lahan yang dimiliki oleh perempuan. Selain itu, proses alienasi perempuan BHL sawit terkait erat dengan struktur sosial, akses, relasi sosial serta aktivitas produksi di perkebunan dan aktivitas reproduksi perempuan. Penelitian ini juga mengungkapkan agensi yang dibangun perempuan BHL sawit terkait strategi, negosiasi hingga resistensi sebagai respon atas proses alienasi yang dialami perempuan BHL sawit.

---

This research identifies forms of alienation faced by women casual workers in oil palm plantation both at the production activity and the reproduction one, and elaborates the process of the women build their agency in the face of alienation. This research is held in a commercial smallholding oil palm plantation at Riau Province. Qualitative with feminist perspective is used as an approach of this research. There are two theoretical frameworks applied for this paper, the theory of alienation developed by Alison Jaggar and the Theory of Agency developed by Sherry B. Ortner. Through those frameworks, this research reveals that women casual workers in oil palm plantation experience four forms of alienations which are alienation in sexuality, motherhood, intellectuality and in environment. The process of alienation of the women in these four forms cannot be separated from the process of eliminating women as a result of the unavailability of production sources and the management of land owned by women. Moreover, the alienation process to women daily labor in oil palm plantation is closely related with the social structure, access, social relation, and both production and reproduction activity of women in the plantation. This research also elaborates the agency built by women casual workers in oil palm plantation related to the strategy, negotiation, and even resistance as a respond toward alienation process experienced by them."

"Salah satu tantangan yang dihadapi Indonesia dalam target pencapaian ISPO yaitu perkebunan kelapa sawit yang telah tertanam di lahan gambut, baik untuk perkebunan swasta maupun perkebunan rakyat. Beberapa permasalahan diantaranya terkait produktivitas, lingkungan, ekonomi dan sosial. Riset ini bertujuan untuk membangun model perkebunan kelapa sawit berkelanjutan dan membuat sintesis perbaikan. Metode riset adalah analisis statistik dynamic multivariate regression, analisis keekonomian (NPV dan IRR) serta pemodelan system dynamics. Hasil riset pada perkebunan kelapa sawit swasta, urutan variabel yang paling berpengaruh yaitu OER CPO, kerapatan tanam, TMAT dan pemupukan. Untuk perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat, urutan variabel teknis yang berpengaruh adalah kebakaran, periode panen, pemupukan dan umur tanaman. Kesimpulan riset menyatakan, model pengelolaan perkebunan kelapa sawit swasta dibangun dengan intervensi skenario optimis yaitu peningkatan persentase OER CPO 20%, kerapatan tanam 15%, pemupukan 15% dan TMAT 100%. Untuk perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat, kunci utamanya adalah kebakaran dan kelembagaan agar dapat mencapai target keberlanjutan.

---

One of the challenges faced by Indonesia in achieving the ISPO target is oil palm plantations existing planted on peatlands, both for private plantations and smallholder. Some of these problems are related to productivity, environment, economy, and social. This study aims to build a model of sustainable oil palm plantations and synthesize improvements. The research methods used are dynamic multivariate regression statistical analysis, economic analysis (NPV and IRR), and system dynamics modeling. The research results on private oil palm plantations, the order of the most influential variables are OER CPO, planting density, groundwater level, and fertilization. For smallholder, the technical variables influence fire, harvest time, fertilization, and plant age. The study's conclusion stated that the private oil palm plantation model was built with an optimistic scenario intervention, namely an increase in the percentage of OER CPO 20%, planting density 15%, fertilization 15%, and groundwater level 100%. For smallholder, the key is fire and institutions to achieve sustainability targets."

"Penelitian ini membahas inisiatif dan pengalaman perempuan tani menjaga ketahanan pangan pada peralihan padi ladang menjadi perkebunan kelapa sawit di perkebunan kelapa sawit desa Krayan Bahagia, kabupaten Paser, Kalimantan Timur. Penelitian mengangkat bagaimana inisiatif dan pengalaman perempuan tani menjaga ketahanan pangan pada peralihan padi ladang menjadi perkebunan kelapa sawit. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memberikan data faktual dan analisa terkait inisiatif dan pengalaman perempuan tani menjaga ketahanan pangan pada peralihan padi ladang menjadi perkebunan kelapa sawit. Penelitian berperspektif perempuan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian menggunakan metode pengumpulan data observasi dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa kondisi perempuan tani dan pertaniannya sebelum masuknya perkebunan kelapa sawit tidak dapat memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari keluarga perempuan tani. Namun perempuan tani merasa keamanan pangan lebih terjaga karena masih ada hasil hutan dan ladang, dan persediaan air yang cukup. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah perempuan tani kelapa sawit desa Krayan Bahagia menjaga ketahanan pangan dengan inisiatif tetap berladang padi dan membuat sumur persediaan air di sekitar perkebunan kelapa sawit. Perempuan tani juga mengalami ketidakadilan gender, yakni marjinalisasi, subordinasi, stereotipe, kekerasan, dan beban ganda, yang terlihat pada pekerjaan bertani sawit maupun pekerjaan domestik.

---

The study exposes initiatives and experience of independent women peasants in Krayan Bahagia Village in ensuring food security in transition of paddy field conversion to oil palm plantation in Krayan Bahagia village, Paser district, East Kalimantan. The study raises how the initiatives and experience of independent women peasants in ensuring food security in transition of paddy field conversion to oil palm plantation. The aim of the study is to present actual data and analysis on the initiatives and experience of independent peasant women in ensuring food security in transition of paddy field conversion to oil palm plantation. The research uses women perspective with qualitative approach.

The research result is that the peasant family before the emergence of oil palm plantation was not able to fulfill their daily needs. However, the peasant women feel that their food security was secured from the forest and paddy fields, and they have sufficient water supply. The research is concluded that peasant women of Krayan Bahagia village have initiated to ensure food sustainability security by the paddy fields and building water supply. They experienced gender injustice, such as marginalization, subordination, stereotype, violence, and double-burden on their work. "

"Indonesia merupakan negara penghasil minyak kelapa sawit terbesar di dunia dengan provinsi Riau sebagai penyumbang lahan perkebunan kelapa sawit terluas. Sektor perkebunan tersebut berkembang hampir di seluruh wilayah kabupaten provinsi. Dari tiga sistem pengelolaan perkebunan, pengembangan sektor kelapa sawit ini lebih gencar dilaksanakan dengan status perkebunan swasta baik perusahaan maupun investor asing. Seiring dengan pertumbuhannya yang semakin meningkat, sektor perkebunan kelapa sawit justru berpotensi menimbulkan masalah terhadap kelestarian lingkungan. Menggunakan green criminology sebagai perspektif utama yang didukung teori marxs ecology, penelitian ini menjelaskan bagaimana lingkungan hidup secara tidak langsung mengalami viktimisasi secara struktural akibat upaya pemerintah dalam mengembangkan sektor perkebunan kelapa sawit di provinsi Riau. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode observasi, wawancara, dan studi pustaka digunakan peneliti untuk mendeskripsikan fenomena dan memberikan porsi analitis dalam pembahasan penelitian ini. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa bentuk viktimisasi struktural terhadap lingkungan tersebut terjadi dengan proses perumusan Rancangan Peraturan Daerah Ranperda Rencana Tata Ruang dan Wilayah Provinsi RTRWP Riau sebagai legal factor.

---

Indonesia is the largest palm oil producer in the world with Riau province as a contributor to the largest palm oil plantation. The plantation sector is spread all over the provincial area. Based on 3 three plantation maintenance systems, the development of palm oil sector is more intensively conducted with the status of private estates both companies and foreign investors . As development rise, palm oil plantation sector potentially creates problem to the environment. Using green criminology as the main perspectives that supported by Marx 39 s ecology theory, this research explains how living the environment ecology indirectly experiences structural victimization because of the state rsquo s efforts in developing palm oil sector in Riau province. A qualitative approach with the method of observation, interview, and literature study used by researchers to describe the phenomenon and provide an analytical portion in the discussion of this study. This research concluded that the structural form of victimization against the environment occurred with the drafting local regulation process Ranperda of Riau Provincial Spatial Planning RTRWP as a legal factor."

"Penelitian ini penting dilakukan untuk memahami manajemen Community Relations pada program Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) PT. X.PT. X adalah perusahaan sub holding Pertamina (Persero), dengan mayoritas saham dimiliki oleh Patra Drilling Services Indonesia (97%) dan sisanya dimiliki oleh Pertamina Hulu Energi (PHE) (3%). Penelitian ini fokus pada program Pengolahan Sampah Organik Sawit yang bertujuan mendukung perekonomian rumah tangga petani kelapa sawit di Kabupaten Rokan Hilir, Riau pada tahun 2022. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, penelitian ini mengungkap bahwa PT. X telah berhasil melaksanakan manajemen Community Relations yang baik. Program CSR yang dijalankan memberikan dampak positif pada hubungan dengan masyarakat. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pengembangan komunikasi yang efektif, menjaga keberlanjutan hubungan, dan meningkatkan transparansi program CSR sebagai langkah penting untuk diterapkan oleh PT. X. Dengan mengimplementasikan rekomendasi ini, PT. X Dapat memperkuat hubungan dengan komunitas dan mencapai tujuan sosial dan lingkungan yang diinginkan.

---

This research is important to understand Community Relations management in the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program of PT. X. PT. X is a Pertamina (Persero) sub holding company, with the majority of shares owned by Patra Drilling Services Indonesia (97%) and the remainder owned by Pertamina Hulu Energi (PHE) (3%). This research focuses on the Palm Oil Organic Waste Processing program which aims to support the household economy of oil palm farmers in Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau in 2022. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this research reveals that PT. X has successfully implemented good Community Relations management. The implemented CSR program has had a positive impact on relations with the community. This study recommends developing effective communication, maintaining relationship sustainability, and increasing the transparency of CSR programs as important steps to be implemented by PT. X. By implementing this recommendation, PT. X Can strengthen relationships with communities and achieve desired social and environmental goals."

"Anemia merupakan kelainan penurunan masa eritrosit. Indonesia termasuk dalam satu negara dengan prevalensi anemia wanita usia subur masuk ke dalam 10 besar tertinggi di Asia Tenggara pada tahun 2019 yaitu sebesar 31,2%. Kaum perempuan saat ini berperan ganda, tidak hanya sebagai ibu rumah tangga, tetapi juga berperan di sektor publik yakni bekerja di luar rumah. Pekerja perempuan di sektor perkebunan sawit umumnya mengalami masalah kesehatan yang sama seperti AKI, gizi buruk, layanan persalinan dan pemeriksaan kehamilan, resiko penyakit khusus seperti anemia dan lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan anemia pada pekerja perempuan di perusahaan perkebunan sawit X Kalimantan Tengah, perusahaan Y Riau dan perusahaan Z Papua pada tahun 2022. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional melibatkan 105 responden pekerja perempuan di perusahaan perkebunan sawit X Kalimantan Tengah, perusahaan Y Riau, dan perusahaan Z Papua. Data sekunder diperoleh dari penelitian PKGK FKM UI mengenai Pengembangan dan Implementasi Sistem Surveilans Kesehatan Reproduksi pada Pekerja Perempuan di Sektor Perkebunan Sawit, kemudian data diolah menjadi analisis data univariat, bivariat dengan uji Chi Square, dan multivariat dengan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 105 responden sebesar 45,7% pekerja perempuan di perusahaan perkebunan sawit mengalami anemia. Hasil uji chi square terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara anemia pada pekerja perempuan dengan asupan vitamin C (pvalue = 0.035; OR = 2,599) dan asupan zat besi (pvalue = 0.038; OR = 4,432). Hasil uji regresi logistik menunjukkan hasil asupan zat besi (OR= 13,591; 95%CI= 1,571 – 117,565). Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu pekerja perempuan di perusahaan perkebunan sawit berisiko 13,5 kali mengalami anemia jika asupan zat besi <100% AKG. Perlu adanya edukasi dan program khusus untuk pemberian suplementasi Fe atau tablet tambah darah (TTD) pada pekerja di perusahaan perkebunan sawit.

---

Anemia is a disorder of decreased erythrocyte mass. Indonesia is included in the top 10 highest in Southeast Asia in 2019 at 31.2%. Women currently have a dual role, as housewives and also working outside the home. Women workers in oil palm plantations generally experience the same health problems as MMR, malnutrition, delivery services and pregnancy checks, risks of special diseases such as anemia and others. The purpose of this study to determine the factors associated with anemia among female workers in oil palm plantation companies in 2022. The research method used was a cross-sectional approach involving 105 female workers in oil palm plantation companies in Central Kalimantan, Riau and Papua. Secondary data from the PKGK FKM UI research, then the data was processed into univariate, bivariate data analysis using the Chi Square test, and logistic regression tests. The results showed that 45.7% of female workers in oil palm plantation companies experienced anemia. The results of the chi square test showed a significant relationship between anemia in female workers and vitamin C intake (pvalue = 0.035; OR = 2.599) and iron intake (pvalue = 0.038; OR = 4.432). The results of the logistic regression test showed the results of iron intake (OR = 13.591; 95% CI = 1.571-117.565). The conclusion is that female workers in oil palm plantation companies have a risk of 13.5 times suffering anemia if iron intake is <100% RDA."

"Tesis ini membahas mengenai perjanjian kemitraan perkebunan plasma melalui program revitalisasi perkebunan kelapa sawit. Permasalahan hukum yang dibahas dalam tesis ini, antara lain: bagaimanakah ketentuan mengenai kemitraan perkebunan plasma dan revitalisasi perkebunan sesuai ketentuan hukum yang berlaku, bagaimana pelaksanaannya dalam praktek termasuk segala kendala- kendala yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaannya. Penelitian ini adalah normatif yuridis dengan menggunakan data sekunder dan bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tertier. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa kemitraan plasma dan revitalisasi perkebunan di atur dalam beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan, peraturan pemerintah serta keputusan dan peraturan menteri, khususnya menteri pertanian dan menteri keuangan. Dalam pelaksanaannya, kemitraan plasma melalui program revitalisasi perkebunan menemui banyak kendala, seperti kendala birokrasi, biaya sertifikasi lahan yang tinggi, ketersediaan lahan untuk perkebunan, kekurangan tenaga teknis dari pemerintah untuk membantu dan mendampingi pelaksanaan, dan adanya perbedaan pemahaman program oleh perusahaan perkebunan, petani melalui koperasi, dan aparat pemerintah daerah. Penyederhanaan prosedur dan sosialisasi program merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengatasi kendala dalam pelaksanaan.

---

The focus of this thesis is the contract farming in terms of revitalisation program of palm oil plantation. The legal issues which discussed in this thesis, among others, contract farming and plantation revitalisasion program in the prevailing laws and regulations, how its implementation, including the problems incurred on the implementation. This study is a juridis normatif research and used secondary data with primary, secondary and tertier legal data. The result of study found that contract farming and revitalisation program are regulated in laws, govemment regulations and decree or decision of minister, particularly in agricultural and finance ministry. In the implementation, this revitalization program have several problems, among others, bureaucracy, high cost for land certification, land avaibility for plantation, less of technical support from govemment, and different point of view between plantation company, farmers or cooperative, and govemement officers. Simplify the bureaucracy and program sozialisation is one of the solve way to settle the problems at implementation."

"[ABSTRACTA number of studies have examined the relationship between the oil palm plantation area and the poverty alleviation. Most of this study are conducted based on local research and, mainly, do not involve econometrics analysis to find the relationship. Palm oil is one of commoditiesthat is widely produced in Indonesia that makes this country the world leader of palm oil producers. With the large amount of oil palm plantation area in Indonesia, then it may have an effect on economic growth,which may relieve the poverty. Using panel data set of 33 province in Indonesia between 2006 and 2012, this paper tries to examine the effect of oil palm plantation on poverty alleviation in Indonesia.Moreover, this paper also aims to examine factors that may affect the expansion of oil palm plantation. In order to answer this objective, descriptive analysis is employed to discuss the determinant of oil palm expansion. Whereas, pooled OLS, fixed effect panel data model and random effect panel data model are employed in this paper, to asnwer the main objective.The results shows that govenment intervention is more likely to influence the expansion of oil palm plantation. Meanwhile, demand for palm oil product may have impact on the expansion in Indonesia. Empirical findings show that oil palm plantation has negatively significant effect on the number of poor people. This means that increasing oil palm plantation area may reduce the poverty level in Indonesia. In addition, regional per capita income, education, access on electriciy and population size also have negative relationship with the poverty. Mostly, the result supports the empirical evidence that an increase of the variables may reduce the poverty level.;A number of studies have examined the relationship between the oil palm plantation area and the poverty alleviation. Most of this study are conducted based on local research and, mainly, do not involve econometrics analysis to find the relationship. Palm oil is one of commoditiesthat is widely produced in Indonesia that makes this country the world leader of palm oil producers. With the large amount of oil palm plantation area in Indonesia, then it may have an effect on economic growth,which may relieve the poverty. Using panel data set of 33 province in Indonesia between 2006 and 2012, this paper tries to examine the effect of oil palm plantation on poverty alleviation in Indonesia.Moreover, this paper also aims to examine factors that may affect the expansion of oil palm plantation. In order to answer this objective, descriptive analysis is employed to discuss the determinant of oil palm expansion. Whereas, pooled OLS, fixed effect panel data model and random effect panel data model are employed in this paper, to asnwer the main objective. The results shows that govenment intervention is more likely to influence the expansion of oil palm plantation. Meanwhile, demand for palm oil product may have impact on the expansion in Indonesia. Empirical findings show that oil palm plantation has negatively significant effect on the number of poor people. This means that increasing oil palm plantation area may reduce the poverty level in Indonesia. In addition, regional per capita income, education, access on electriciy and population size also have negative relationship with the poverty. Mostly, the result supports the empirical evidence that an increase of the variables may reduce the poverty level.;A number of studies have examined the relationship between the oil palm plantation area and the poverty alleviation. Most of this study are conducted based on local research and, mainly, do not involve econometrics analysis to find the relationship. Palm oil is one of commoditiesthat is widely produced in Indonesia that makes this country the world leader of palm oil producers. With the large amount of oil palm plantation area in Indonesia, then it may have an effect on economic growth,which may relieve the poverty. Using panel data set of 33 province in Indonesia between 2006 and 2012, this paper tries to examine the effect of oil palm plantation on poverty alleviation in Indonesia.Moreover, this paper also aims to examine factors that may affect the expansion of oil palm plantation. In order to answer this objective, descriptive analysis is employed to discuss the determinant of oil palm expansion. Whereas, pooled OLS, fixed effect panel data model and random effect panel data model are employed in this paper, to asnwer the main objective.The results shows that govenment intervention is more likely to influence the expansion of oil palm plantation. Meanwhile, demand for palm oil product may have impact on the expansion in Indonesia. Empirical findings show that oil palm plantation has negatively significant effect on the number of poor people. This means that increasing oil palm plantation area may reduce the poverty level in Indonesia. In addition, regional per capita income, education, access on electriciy and population size also have negative relationship with the poverty. Mostly, the result supports the empirical evidence that an increase of the variables may reduce the poverty level.;A number of studies have examined the relationship between the oil palm plantation area and the poverty alleviation. Most of this study are conducted based on local research and, mainly, do not involve econometrics analysis to find the relationship. Palm oil is one of commoditiesthat is widely produced in Indonesia that makes this country the world leader of palm oil producers. With the large amount of oil palm plantation area in Indonesia, then it may have an effect on economic growth,which may relieve the poverty. Using panel data set of 33 province in Indonesia between 2006 and 2012, this paper tries to examine the effect of oil palm plantation on poverty alleviation in Indonesia.Moreover, this paper also aims to examine factors that may affect the expansion of oil palm plantation. In order to answer this objective, descriptive analysis is employed to discuss the determinant of oil palm expansion. Whereas, pooled OLS, fixed effect panel data model and random effect panel data model are employed in this paper, to asnwer the main objective.The results shows that govenment intervention is more likely to influence the expansion of oil palm plantation. Meanwhile, demand for palm oil product may have impact on the expansion in Indonesia. Empirical findings show that oil palm plantation has negatively significant effect on the number of poor people. This means that increasing oil palm plantation area may reduce the poverty level in Indonesia. In addition, regional per capita income, education, access on electriciy and population size also have negative relationship with the poverty. Mostly, the result supports the empirical evidence that an increase of the variables may reduce the poverty level.;A number of studies have examined the relationship between the oil palm plantation area and the poverty alleviation. Most of this study are conducted based on local research and, mainly, do not involve econometrics analysis to find the relationship. Palm oil is one of commoditiesthat is widely produced in Indonesia that makes this country the world leader of palm oil producers. With the large amount of oil palm plantation area in Indonesia, then it may have an effect on economic growth,which may relieve the poverty. Using panel data set of 33 province in Indonesia between 2006 and 2012, this paper tries to examine the effect of oil palm plantation on poverty alleviation in Indonesia.Moreover, this paper also aims to examine factors that may affect the expansion of oil palm plantation. In order to answer this objective, descriptive analysis is employed to discuss the determinant of oil palm expansion. Whereas, pooled OLS, fixed effect panel data model and random effect panel data model are employed in this paper, to asnwer the main objective.The results shows that govenment intervention is more likely to influence the expansion of oil palm plantation. Meanwhile, demand for palm oil product may have impact on the expansion in Indonesia. Empirical findings show that oil palm plantation has negatively significant effect on the number of poor people. This means that increasing oil palm plantation area may reduce the poverty level in Indonesia. In addition, regional per capita income, education, access on electriciy and population size also have negative relationship with the poverty. Mostly, the result supports the empirical evidence that an increase of the variables may reduce the poverty level., A number of studies have examined the relationship between the oil palm plantation area and the poverty alleviation. Most of this study are conducted based on local research and, mainly, do not involve econometrics analysis to find the relationship. Palm oil is one of commoditiesthat is widely produced in Indonesia that makes this country the world leader of palm oil producers. With the large amount of oil palm plantation area in Indonesia, then it may have an effect on economic growth,which may relieve the poverty. Using panel data set of 33 province in Indonesia between 2006 and 2012, this paper tries to examine the effect of oil palm plantation on poverty alleviation in Indonesia.Moreover, this paper also aims to examine factors that may affect the expansion of oil palm plantation. In order to answer this objective, descriptive analysis is employed to discuss the determinant of oil palm expansion. Whereas, pooled OLS, fixed effect panel data model and random effect panel data model are employed in this paper, to asnwer the main objective.The results shows that govenment intervention is more likely to influence the expansion of oil palm plantation. Meanwhile, demand for palm oil product may have impact on the expansion in Indonesia. Empirical findings show that oil palm plantation has negatively significant effect on the number of poor people. This means that increasing oil palm plantation area may reduce the poverty level in Indonesia. In addition, regional per capita income, education, access on electriciy and population size also have negative relationship with the poverty. Mostly, the result supports the empirical evidence that an increase of the variables may reduce the poverty level.]"

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh dari harga CPO terhadap alih fungsi pada hutan produksi konversi (HPK) menjadi perkebunan sawit di Indonesia, dengan adanya proses pelepasan kawasan hutan untuk perkebunan sawit. Dengan menggunakan data pelepasan kawasan hutan untuk perkebunan sawit di tingkat provinsi tahun 1995 sampai tahun 2017, pelepasan kawasan hutan diestimasi menggunakan model tobit dengan left-censored (0), serta variabel ekonomi yang mempengaruhi permintaan lahan untuk sawit yaitu harga CPO, tingkat suku bunga, nilai tukar, serta besarnya share industri pengolahan dalam Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB), dan GDP dunia. Hasil empiris menujukkan bahwa tingkat harga pada lag tertentu secara signifikan mempengaruhi peningkatan pelepasan kawasan hutan untuk perkebunan sawit sebesar 23,55% dan 23,48%. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa harga CPO berperan besar dalam pelepasan kawasan hutan untuk perkebunan sawit di Indonesia di masing-masing wilayah.

---

This study aims to look at the effect of CPO prices on the conversion in conversion production forests (HPK) to oil palm plantations in Indonesia, with the process of releasing forest areas for oil palm plantations. Using data on the release of forest areas for oil palm plantations at the provincial level from 1995 to 2017, the release of forest areas was estimated using the Tobit model with left-censored (0), as well as economic variables that affect land demand for oil palm, namely CPO prices, interest rates, values exchange rates, as well as the size of the share of the manufacturing industry in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and world GDP. Empirical results show that the price level at a certain lag significantly influences the increase in the release of forest areas for oil palm plantations by 23.55% and 23.48%.This study found that the price of CPO played a major role in the release of forest areas for oil palm plantations in Indonesia in each region."

"Aktivitas produksi dan ekspor komoditas kelapa sawit terus mengalami ekspansi dan peningkatan. Indonesia memiliki perkebunan kelapa sawit dengan luas mencapai 12.761.586 Hektar. menjadikan Indonesia sebagai salah satu penghasil CPO (Crude Palm Oil) terbesar di dunia. Keberhasilan produksi dari kelapa sawit tidak terlepas dari kegiatan perencanaan dan pengawasan sehingga diperlukan pemantauan secara cepat dan efektif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan pola persebaran umur kelapa sawit berdasarkan nilai backscatter pada citra radar Sentinel-1. Data berupa citra radar Sentinel-1 digunakakan untuk dapat melakukan estimasi terhadap umur kelapa sawit berdasarkan nilai backscatter menggunakan pendekatan machine learning. Hasil pemodelan menunjukan bahwa tren nilai backscatter terhadap umur kelapa sawit memiliki karakter berbanding lurus dengan umur kelapa sawit. Estimasi umur kelapa sawit berdasarkan nilai backscatter pada Sentinel-1 GRD menghasilkan 3 kelas umur kelapa sawit dengan tingkat overall accuracy sebesar 93.3% pada anlisis yang dilakukan secara Single Time, sedangkan pada analisis time series diperoleh nilai overall accuracy sebesar 94.5% Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kelas umur dewasa memiliki nilai z score sebesar - 4.190963 dengan pola persebaran clustered (mengelompok), kelas umur taruna dengan z score -8.388942 berpola clustered (mengelompok), dan kelas umur remaja dengan perolehan nilai z score 7.801667 dengan pola persebaran dispersed (seragam).

---

Production and export activities of palm oil commodities continue to expand and increase. Indonesia has oil palm plantations with an area of 12,761,586 hectares. making Indonesia one of the largest CPO (Crude Palm Oil) producers in the world. The success of production from oil palm cannot be separated from planning and monitoring activities so that it is necessary to monitor quickly and effectively. This study was conducted with the aim of knowing the characteristics and patterns of age distribution of oil palms based on the backscatter value on Sentinel-1 radar images. Data in the form of Sentinel-1 radar images are used to estimate the age of oil palms based on the backscatter value using a machine learning approach. The modeling results show that the trend of the backscatter value of the age of the oil palm has a character that is directly proportional to the age of the oil palm. Oil palm age estimation based on the backscatter value on Sentinel-1 GRD resulted in 3 oil palm age classes with an overall accuracy rate of 93.3% in the Single Time analysis, while the time series analysis obtained an overall accuracy value of 94.5%. adults have a z score of -4.190963 with a clustered distribution pattern, the cadet age class with a z score of -8.388942 with a clustered pattern, and the adolescent age class with a z score of 7.801667 with a dispersed distribution pattern (uniform)."