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"Technological developments move at lightening pace and can bring with them new possibilities for social harm. This book brings together original empirical and theoretical work examining how digital technologies both create and sustain various forms of gendered violence and provide platforms for resistance and criminal justice intervention. This edited collection is organised around two key themes of facilitation and resistance, with an emphasis through the whole collection on the development of a gendered interrogation of contemporary practices of technologically-enabled or enhanced practices of violence. Addressing a broad range of criminological issues such as intimate partner violence, rape and sexual assault, online sexual harassment, gendered political violence, online culture, cyberbullying, and human trafficking, and including a critical examination of the broader issue of feminist 'digilantism' and resistance to online sexual harassment, this book examines the ways in which new and emerging technologies facilitate new platforms for gendered violence as well as offering both formal and informal opportunities to prevent and/or respond to gendered violence."

"This handbook provides a comprehensive treatise of the concepts and nature of technology-facilitated gendered violence and abuse, as well as legal, community and activist responses to these harms. It offers an inclusive and intersectional treatment of gendered violence including that experienced by gender, sexuality and racially diverse victim-survivors. It examines the types of gendered violence facilitated by technologies but also responses to these harms from the perspectives of victim advocates, legal analyses, organisational and community responses, as well as activism within civil society. It is unique in its recognition of the intersecting drivers of inequality and marginalisation including misogyny, racism, colonialism and homophobia. It draws together the expertise of a range of established and globally renowned scholars in the field, as well as survivor-advocate-scholars and emerging scholars, lending a combination of credibility, rigor, currency, and innovation throughout. This handbook further provides recommendations for policy and practice and will appeal to academics and students in Criminology, Criminal Justice, Law, Socio-Legal Studies, Politics, as well as Women’s and/or Gender Studies."

"Introduction : domestic violence in Asia and globalization from belowCoercive control : patterns of intimate partner violence in the MaldivesThe protective factors : lessons for violence preventionA good wife obeys her husband : the changing nature of the familyFor the love of women : increasing gender inequalityA social crisis in the MaldivesConclusion : creating peace cultures : the way forward."

"Tugas karya akhir ini membahas pelecehan seksual yang dialami perempuan pekerja dalam ruang kerja online saat work from home pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Dengan menggunakan teori feminis radikal, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana terjadinya kekerasan seksual berbasis jenis kelamin/gender yang difasilitasi teknologi terhadap perempuan pekerja selama WFH, apa yang menjadi latar belakangnya, dan menjelaskan perbedaan kekerasan seksual berbasis sex/gender di ruang fisik dengan ruang cyber. Tugas karya akhir ini menggunakan secondary data analysis untuk menganalisis data dari Never Okay Project dan South East Asia Freedom of Expression Network (2020) dan ditemukan bahwa kekerasan seksual berbasis gender terhadap perempuan pekerja dalam ruang cyber memiliki penyebab dasar yang sama dengan yang terjadi di ruang fisik karena teknologi mereproduksi hubungan hierarki gender. Meski begitu, pelecehan seksual yang dialami perempuan pekerja dalam ruang cyber saat pandemi COVID-19 menghasilkan dampak, kerentanan, dan ketidakberdayaan yang lebih buruk daripada pelecehan seksual yang terjadi di tempat kerja fisik pada umumnya.

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The work of this final paper discusses sexual harassment experienced by women workers in the online workspaces when working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using radical feminist theory, this paper aims to explain how technology-facilitated gender/gender-based sexual violence occurs against women workers during WFH, what is the background, and also explain the difference between sex/gender-based sexual violence in physical space and cyberspace. This final paper uses secondary data analysis to analyze the data from Never Okay Project and South East Asia Freedom of Expression Network (2020) and it is found that gender-based sexual violence against women workers in cyberspace has the same basic causes as those that occur in physical space because technology reproduces hierarchical gender relations. Even so, the sexual harassment experienced by women workers in cyberspaces during the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a worse impact, vulnerability and helplessness that sexual harassment that occurred in the physical workplace in general."

"Tulisan ini menganalisis sejauh mana RUU KUHP berorientasi terhadap kepentingan dan perlindungan hak-hak korban, khususnya perempuan korban kekerasan berbasis gender. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis atau normative, yang secara langsung menganalisis pasal-pasal yang ada di RUU KUHP. Kerangka analisis yang digunakan adalah pendekatan hokum berpersentatif feminis yang meletakan hokum sebagai produk politik dan seringkali abai terhadap kepentingan perempuan korban kekerasan yang beragam. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa orientasi utama RUU KUHP adalah kepentingan pelaku dan masyarakat, namun tidak secara eksplisit berorientasi kepada kepentingan korban. Diasumsikan bahwa dengan mengacu kepada kepentingan masyarakat maka telah berorientasi kepada korban. Korban masih dilihat sebagai pihak yang membantu mengungkapkan perkara semata, bukan pihak yang telah mengalami kerugian sehingga perlu mendapat perlindungan dan pemulihan. Tanggung jawab pelaku juga diarahkan untuk memenuhi kepentingan rasa keadilan masyarakat, bukan korban. Selain itu, beberapa pasal pengaturan tentang perbuatan pidana masih mengandung masalah karena RUU KUHP lebih mengoplikasi beberapa UU di luar KUHP namun tidak meevisi pasal-pasal yang berdasarkan pengalaman korban sulit untuk diimplementasikan, sepeti pengaturan PKDRT. Lebih jauh, masih ditemukan pasal-pasal yang memviktimasi korban dengan mengkriminalisasi mereka sesungguhnya adalah korban kekerasan berbasis gender."

"ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas mengenai kekerasan simbolik berbasis jender yang terjadi di dalam forum Kaskus melalui penggunaan kata maho dengan data yang dikumpulkan sepanjang tahun 2012. Menurut Kaskus, maho merupakan singkatan dari manusia homo yang dimaknai secara bias sebagai julukkan untuk laki-laki yang menyimpang dari konsep laki-laki ideal. Mendasari pada konsep kekerasan simbolik yang dianalisis dengan metode analisis wacana kritis Fairclough, penelitian ini ingin mengungkap adanya bentuk-bentuk diskiriminasi jender lewat maho yang dikonstruksi oleh Kaskus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kaskus tidak lagi memandang maho sebagai penyimpangan orientasi seksual tetapi juga dianggap sebagai bentuk penindasan terhadap jender dengan laki-laki sebagai objek.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis examine the gender as symbolic violence that happenes within Kaskus forum in the form of maho word usage within 2012. According to Kaskus, maho is an abbreviation of manusia homo that is used as a derogative word to these man that deviates from the view of „ideal men‟. Using Fairclough‟s critical discourse analysis and simbolic violence concept as a basis, this thesis aims to determination through the word maho that is constructed within Kaskus. Analysis suggest that Kaskus no longer see maho as a form of sexual orientation abnormality but is also considered as a form of gender opperession with man is its object."

"Faktor yang Memengaruhi Kekerasan berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin pada Wanita Hamil yang Mengunjungi Klinik Antenatal di Pusat Pelayanan Kesehatan Primer Daerah Syangja, Nepal. Kehamilan dan kelahiran anak merupakan waktu rawan yang khusus untuk penganiayaan kekerasan karena perubahan fisik, sosial, emosi, dan kebutuhan ekonomi wanita selama kehamilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan faktor yang berkaitan dengan kekerasan berdasarkan jenis kelamin pada wanita hamil yang datang ke klinik ANC. Penelitian cross sectional dilakukan pada 202 wanita hamil yang mengunjungi bagian antenatal PHC di daerah Syangja selama September 2014 hingga Desember 2014 menggunakan kuesioner semi terstruktur dengan wawancara tatap muka. Perangkat lunak SPSS digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Prevalensi GBV di antara wanita hamil diperoleh sebesar 91,1%. Variabel sosio demografik seperti suku, agama, usia responden, usia pernikahan, pekerjaan, dan pendapatan per tahun tidak berkaitan dengan pengalaman berbagai jenis GBV (p>0,05). Walaupun demikian, ada hubungan secara statistik antara pendidikan suami (p=0,03), usia kehamilan (p=0,039), dan jenis pernikahan (p=0,013) pada kasus kekerasan psikologis dan ekonomi walaupun tidak ada hubungan secara statistik dengan jenis kekerasan yang lain. Kesimpulannya, kekerasan berdasarkan jenis kelamin selama kehamilan merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang paling utama di daerah Syangja, Nepal. Berdasarkan pada usia pernikahan, jenis pernikahan, dan pendidikan suami dapat mengurangi kekerasan berdasarkan jenis kelamin pada wanita hamil. Pemberdayaan wanita, kemandirian ekonomi, sensitisasi, kepedulian dan perlunya survei berdasarkan populasi skala besar merupakan rekomendasi utama penelitian ini.

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Pregnancy and childbirth were a time of unique vulnerability to violence victimization because of changes in women?s physical, social, emotional, and economic needs during pregnancy. This study aims to determine the factors associated with gender-based violence among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinic (ANC). A cross-sectional study was conducted among 202 pregnant women attend antenatal ward of primary health care centre (PHC) of Syangja district during September 2014 to December 2014 by using semi-structure questionnaire with face to face interviews. SPSS software was used for analysis the data. The prevalence of gender based violence (GBV) among pregnant women was found to be 91.1%. The socio-demographic variables such as ethnicity, religious, the age of respondents, the age of marriage, occupation, and annual income had no association with the experience of different types of GBV (p > 0.05). However, there was a statistically association between husband education (p=0.03), the age of marriage (p=0.039) and type of marriage (p=0.013) in case of psychological and economic violence whereas there was no statistically association between with other types of violence. In conclusion, gender based violence during pregnancy was a major prevalent public health problem is Syangja district of Nepal. Focus on age of marriage, types of marriage and education of husband may reduce gender based violence among the pregnant women. Women?s empowerment, economic autonomy, sensitization, awareness and needed of large-scale population-based surveys were the major recommendation of this study."