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"Kadar vitamin D darah diketahui berhubungan dengan perbaikan disregulasi imunitas dengan menekan badai sitokin, sehingga mencegah perburukan klinis pasien COVID-19. Namun, uji klinis terkait efek suplementasi vitamin D terhadap pasien COVID-19 masih belum konsisten. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menggabungkan secara sistematis temuan terkait suplementasi vitamin D terhadap derajat keparahan dan mortalitas pasien COVID-19. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan di pangkalan data Pubmed, Cochrane, Science Direct, ProQuest, MedXriv, WileyOnline Library, dan Scopus pada 27 September 2020. Studi yang menilai efek suplementasi vitamin D terhadap derajat keparahan dan mortalitas pasien COVID-19, tanpa adanya restriksi desain studi, diinklusi dalam penelitian ini. Penilaian kualitas studi dilakukan oleh tiga panelis. Empat studi dengan kualitas rendah hingga sedang diikutsertakan dalam penelitian. Seluruh studi melaporkan risiko mortalitas, dan tiga di antaranya yang melaporkan derajat keparahan. Dua dari tiga studi ini sepakat bahwa pasien dengan suplementasi vitamin D mengalami risiko keparahan penyakit yang signifikan lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan tanpa suplementasi. Satu studi lainnya menemukan tidak adanya perbedaan bermakna, meskipun proporsi terjadinya COVID-19 derajat berat lebih tinggi ditemukan pada kelompok tanpa suplementasi. Berkaitan dengan mortalitas, tiga dari empat studi melaporkan suplementasi vitamin D merupakan faktor protektif dari risiko mortalitas pasien COVID-19. Satu studi lainnya, dengan validitas yang rendah dan risiko bias yang tinggi, melaporkan bahwa pasien dengan suplementasi vitamin D lebih banyak mengalami kematian dibandingkan dengan pasien tanpa suplementasi. Peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan derajat keparahan dan risiko mortalitas antara pasien COVID-19 yang mendapatkan suplementasi vitamin D dengan tanpa suplementasi vitamin D. Suplementasi vitamin D menjadi faktor protektif terjadinya keparahan kondisi dan mortalitas pasien COVID-19.

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Vitamin D levels are known to be associated with improved immunity dysregulation by suppressing cytokine storms to prevent clinical worsening of COVID-19 patients. However, clinical trials regarding the effects of vitamin D supplementation on COVID-19 patients are still inconsistent. This study aimed to systematically analyze the vitamin D supplementation’s effect on the severity and mortality risk of COVID-19 patients. A literature search was conducted in Pubmed, Cochrane, Science Direct, ProQuest, MedXriv, WileyOnline Library, and Scopus on 27 September 2020. Studies assessing the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the severity and mortality of COVID-19 patients were included without any study design restrictions. Three authors carried out the study quality assessment. Four studies of low to moderate quality were included in the study. All studies reported a risk of mortality, and three of them reported the degree of severity. Two of the three studies agreed that patients with vitamin D supplementation had a significantly lower risk of disease severity than those without supplementation. One other study found no significant difference, although a higher proportion of severe COVID-19 was recorded in the group without supplementation. Three of the four studies reported vitamin D supplementation as a protective factor for mortality in COVID-19 patients. With low validity and a high risk of bias, one of the studies reported that a group of vitamin D supplements had a higher death rate than the group without supplementation. Researchers concluded that there were differences in the degree of severity and risk of mortality between COVID-19 patients given vitamin D supplementation and COVID-19 patients without vitamin D supplementation. Vitamin D supplementation was a protective factor in the severity and mortality risk of COVID-19 patients."

"Latar belakang: Kadar vitamin D dalam tubuh yang optimal berkisar antara 20 ng/mL hingga 100 ng/mL. Penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan tidak optimalnya kadar vitamin D dapat mempengaruhi fungsi ginjal. Pada masyarakat urban kampung di Indonesia, terdapat risiko lingkungan berupa gorong-gorong yang gelap dan ventilasi yang tidak memadai. Hal ini membuat masyarakat urban kampung rentan terhadap defisiensi vitamin D yang kemudian bisa menyebabkan penurunan fungsi ginjal. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk meneliti korelasi antara kadar vitamin D dan penanda fungsi ginjal pada subjek dewasa di kawasan urban kampung Jakarta dan Tangerang.Metode: Studi ini dilakukan dengan cara potong lintang pada subjek dewasa di kawasan urban kampung Jakarta dan Tangerang pada tahun 2019-2020. Subjek penelitian kemudian disesuaikan dengan kriteria eksklusi dan inklusi dan dilakukan pengambilan darah untuk pengukuran kadar vitamin D serta penanda fungsi ginjal.Hasil: Pada 161 subjek dewasa di urban kampung Jakarta dan Tangerang diperoleh nilai median kadar vitamin D sebesar 24,46 ng/mL (10,04 – 52,55 ng/mL), kadar kreatinin serum sebesar 0,7 mg/dL (0,5 – 6,7 mg/dL), kadar ureum sebesar 20,6 mg/dL (11,9 – 50,5 mg/dL), dan median nilai eGFR berdasarkan rumus CKD-EPI sebesar 97,854 ml/min/1,73m2 (5,52 – 121,92 ml/min/1,73 m2). Hasil analisis menggunakan uji Spearman menunjukkan tidak terdapat korelasi antara kadar vitamin dengan kadar ureum, kreatinin, maupun nilai eGFR.Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat korelasi antara kadar vitamin D dan penanda fungsi ginjal baik dengan eGFR, kadar kreatinin serum, maupun kadar ureum pada masyarakat yang tinggal di kawasan urban kampung Jakarta dan Tangerang.

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Introduction: Optimal vitamin D serum level ranged from 20 ng/mL to 100 ng/mL. Previous studies showed that suboptimal vitamin D serum levels might influence the kidney. Individuals who live in urban kampung, have the environmental risk factors of dark alleyways and inadequate ventilations. These increase the risk of subjects in developing vitamin D deficiency and later may decrease the kidney function. Therefore, this study is conducted to identify the correlation between serum level of vitamin D and kidney function markers in adults that live in the urban kampung area around Jakarta and Tangerang.

Method: This cross-sectional study is conducted to adults in urban kampung areas around Jakarta and Tangerang in 2019-2020. We recruited participants using predetermined exclusion and inclusion criteria. Afterward, blood sample were drawn from the participants to quantify the vitamin D serum level and kidney function markers.

Result: From 161 adult subjects in urban kampung around Jakarta and Tangerang, the vitamin D serum level median is 24,46 (10,04 – 52,55) ng/mL, the serum creatinine median is 0,7 (0,5 – 6,7) mg/dL, the urea serum level median is 20,6 (11,9 – 50,5) mg/dL, and the median of eGFR score, using CKD-EPI equation, is 97,854 (5,52 – 121,92) ml/min/1,73 m2. Analysis using Spearman shows that there is no correlation between vitamin D serum level with urea serum level, serum creatinine, and eGFR score. Conclusion : There are no correlation between vitamin D serum level and kidney function markers in individuals who live in urban kampung area around Jakarta and Tangerang."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang. Vitamin D diketahui berperan penting dalam memodulasi sistem imunitas. Defisiensi vitamin D sering dihubungkan dengan peningkatan risiko kerentanan dan keparahan terhadap berbagai penyakit infeksi. Penelitian yang meninjau hubungan antara vitamin D dan dengue sangat terbatas. Dengue adalah penyakit dengan beban kesehatan global yang besar, eksplorasi terhadap faktor imunomodulator yang berpotensi untuk menjadi bagian dari upaya pencegahan dan tatalaksana infeksi dengue termasuk vitamin D masih diperlukan.Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah ada perbedaan rerata kadar vitamin D serum pada berbagai derajat keparahan infeksi dengue di masing-masing fase infeksi.Metode. Penelitian potong lintang ini dilakukan dari Oktober 2016-Januari 2018 terhadap 61 pasien dengan infeksi dengue di RSUP dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. Data dikumpulkan melalui rekam medik, hasil pemeriksaan ultrasonografi, kadar 25(OH)D, serta foto rontgen toraks decubitus kanan. Analisis dilakukan dengan uji anova, kai kuadrat, Fisher exact, regresi linear dan logistik dengan interval kepercayaan 95% dan nilai kemaknaan 0.05.Hasil. Rerata kadar vitamin D serum pada infeksi dengue dengan kebocoran plasma (DD) adalah 24.6 ng/ml. Pada infeksi dengue dengan kebocoran plasma (DBD dan SSD) rerata kadar vitamin D pada fase demam adalah 26.66 ng/ml, 21.91 ng/ml pada fase kritis, dan 25.36 ng/ml pada fase konvalesens. Tidak ditemukan adanya perbedaan dan hubungan bermakna antara kadar serta status kecukupan vitamin D dengan derajat keparahan infeksi dengue. Kadar vitamin serum pada fase akut infeksi dengue memiliki korelasi positif dengan hitung trombosit terendah (p=0.03).Simpulan. Kadar vitamin D serum pada berbagai derajat infeksi dengue di masing-masing fase infeksi pada anak tidak berbeda bermakna. Kadar vitamin D serum pada fase demam berhubungan dengan hitung trombosit terendah pada kasus dengue.

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ABSTRACTBackground. Vitamin D has an important role in modulating the immune system. Low level of vitamin D is frequently associated with higher risk of susceptibility and severity to various infectious disease. Studies on dengue infection and vitamin D are still limited. Until today dengue is known to have a high global burden of disease. Therefore, a continouing investigation on potential modulating factors that may be beneficial in the efforts of dengue prevention and management which includes vitamin D is still required.Objectives. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the difference of vitamin D serum values in various levels of dengue infection severity in children in each phase of disease.Methods. A cross sectional study was conducted from October 2016 until January 2018 at Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang. Sixty-one children with dengue infection were included in this study. Data were collected from medical records, ultrasonograpy, 25(OH)D laboratory test, and right lateral decubitus xray. Statistical analysis was calculated with anova, chi-square, fisher exact, linear and logistic regression with 95% confidence interval and 0.05 level of significance.Results. The mean value of 25(OH)D in dengue infection without plasma leakage (Dengeu Fever) is 24.6 ng/ml, while in dengue infection with plasma leakage (Dengue Hemorhaggic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome) the mean value are 26.66 ng/ml in febrile phase, 21.91 ng/ml in critical phase, and 25.36 ng/ml in convalescence phase. No significant difference and association were found between the values and status of vitamin D among various level of dengue infection severity. A positive linear correlation was found between the level of vitamin D in the febrile phase dengue infection and thrombocyte lowest count (p=0.03)Conclusions. There are no difference between the value of vitamin D among children with various levels of dengue infection severity in each phase of disease. Vitamin D serum level during febrile phase may have a role in predicting thrombocyte lowest count during dengue infection."

"Latar Belakang: Stroke iskemik merupakan penyebab kematian terbanyak kedua dan penyebab utama disabilitas di seluruh dunia. Beberapa faktor risiko yang sudah diketahui diantaranya pola hidup, penyakit komorbid, usia, jenis kelamin, dan ras. Namun, kadar serum vitamin D yang kurang ternyata juga dikaitkan dengan penyakit neurodegeneratif, serta luaran klinis yang lebih buruk. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui korelasi kadar serum vitamin D dengan derajat keparahan pada stroke iskemik yang dinilai berdasarkan NIHSS. Pada penelitian ini juga akan menilai asupan vitamin D serta pajanan sinar matahari.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang pada pasien stroke iskemik di RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo dan RS Universitas Indonesia. Karakteristik subjek penelitian berupa usia, jenis kelamin, faktor risiko, penyakit komorbid dengan komplikasi, asupan protein, asupan lemak, asupan vitamin D, pajanan sinar matahari, kadar serum vitamin D, serta derajat keparahan. Dilakukan analisis korelasi kadar serum vitamin D dengan derajat keparahan berdasarkan NIHSS.Hasil: Terdapat 59 subjek dengan diagnosis stroke iskemik dengan rerata usia 63 tahun dan mayoritas laki-laki (62,7%). Faktor risiko terbanyak adalah hipertensi (83,1%), berat badan lebih dan obesitas (64,4%), merokok (57,6%), dan diabetes melitus (42,4%). Penyakit komorbid dengan komplikasi tersering yang ditemukan adalah gangguan jantung (35,6%). Sebanyak 79,7% subjek penelitian memiliki asupan protein yang kurang, sedangkan asupan lemak seluruhnya tergolong cukup. Sebagian besar (52,5%) subjek penelitian memiliki status asupan vitamin D kurang, 5 orang mengonsumsi suplementasi vitamin D secara rutin, derajat pajanan sinar matahari rendah (89,8%). Sebanyak 59,3% memiliki status kadar serum vitamin D defisiensi dengan derajat keparahan terbanyak adalah skor NIHSS 5-15 (76,3%). Terdapat korelasi antara asupan vitamin D dengan derajat keparahan stroke iskemik (r -0,307, p 0,018).Kesimpulan: Kadar serum vitamin D memiliki korelasi dengan derajat keparahan stroke iskemik (r -0,469, p <0,001). Kadar serum vitamin D yang kurang berbanding terbalik dengan skor NIHSS yang didapatkan pada penderita stroke iskemik onset akut.

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Background: Ischemic stroke is the second leading cause of death and the leading cause of disability worldwide. Some of the known risk factors include lifestyle, comorbid diseases, age, gender, and race. However, deficient serum vitamin D levels are also associated with neurodegenerative diseases, as well as worse clinical outcomes. This study was conducted to determine the correlation of serum vitamin D levels with severity in ischemic stroke as assessed by the NIHSS. This study will also assess vitamin D intake and sunlight exposure.

Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study on ischemic stroke patients at RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo and University of Indonesia Hospital. Characteristics of the study subjects included age, gender, risk factors, comorbid diseases with complications, protein intake, fat intake, vitamin D intake, sun exposure, serum vitamin D levels, and severity. Correlation analysis of serum vitamin D levels with severity based on NIHSS was conducted.

Results: There were 59 subjects with a diagnosis of ischemic stroke with an average age of 63 years and the majority were male (62.7%). The most common risk factors were hypertension (83.1%), overweight and obesity (64.4%), smoking (57.6%), and diabetes mellitus (42.4%). Comorbid disease with the most common complication found were cardiac disorders (35.6%). A total of 79.7% of the study subjects had insufficient protein intake, while the fat intake was entirely considered adequate. Most (52.5%) of the study subjects had deficient vitamin D intake status, 5 people took vitamin D supplementation regularly, the degree of sun exposure was low (89.8%). A total of 59.3% had vitamin D deficiency serum level status with the most severity being NIHSS score 5-15 (76.3%). There was a correlation between vitamin D intake and ischemic stroke severity (r -0,307, p 0,018).

Conclusion: Serum vitamin D levels have a correlation with ischemic stroke severity (r -0,469, p <0,001). Insufficient serum vitamin D levels are inversely proportional to the NIHSS score obtained in patients with acute onset ischemic stroke."

"Latar belakang: Alopesia androgenetik (AAG) merupakan jenis kebotakan rambut paling umum pada laki-laki yang menyebabkan gangguan estetik sehingga memengaruhi kualitas hidup dan dapat berkaitan dengan kondisi sistemik. Tata laksana yang ada seringkali belum memuaskan. Vitamin D sebagai salah satu mikronutrien yang telah dikenal memiliki banyak manfaat juga diduga berperan dalam kejadian kelainan rambut termasuk AAG.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kadar 25(OH)D serum dan status kecukupan vitamin D dengan derajat keparahan AAG pada laki-laki.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan suatu studi observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Subjek penelitian dipilih menggunakan metode consecutive sampling berdasarkan kriteria penelitian. Diagnosis AAG ditegakkan secara klinis berdasarkan klasifikasi Hamilton-Norwood lalu dibagi menjadi derajat ringan dan sedang-berat. Dilakukan pula fotografi 7 posisi kepala serta pemeriksaan trikoskopi dan Trichoscan®. Pemeriksaan kadar 25(OH)D serum diambil dari darah vena sebanyak 3 mL dan menggunakan metode chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA). Klasifikasi status kecukupan vitamin D ditetapkan menjadi defisiensi dan nondefisiensi berdasarkan Endocrine Society Guideline. Nilai p<0,05 dianggap bermakna secara statistik.Hasil: Di antara 74 SP dengan rerata usia 37,4(8,89) tahun yang berpartisipasi dalam penelitian, sebanyak 29 orang (39,2%) mengalami AAG ringan dan 45 orang (60,8%) mengalami AAG sedang hingga berat. Rerata kadar 25(OH)D serum untuk seluruh SP adalah 18,9(5,89) ng/mL yang termasuk ke dalam kategori defisiensi vitamin D. Rerata kadar 25(OH)D serum pada SP dengan AAG ringan adalah 21,8(6,39) ng/mL dan pada AAG sedang hingga berat sebesar 17,1(4,79) ng/mL. Terdapat hubungan bermakna secara statistik antara kadar 25(OH)D serum dan status kecukupan vitamin D dengan derajat keparahan AAG (p=0,01; p<0,001). Sebagai data tambahan, ditemukan pula hubungan bermakna secara statistik antara diameter rambut (p=0,036) dengan derajat keparahan AAG.Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara status kecukupan vitamin D dengan kadar 25(OH)D serum dengan derajat keparahan AAG pada laki-laki.

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Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of hair loss in men which causes aesthetic disturbances that affect quality of life and can be associated with systemic conditions. Existing management is often not satisfactory. Vitamin D, as a micronutrient that is known to have many benefits, is also thought to play a role in the incidence of hair disorders including AGA.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and vitamin D sufficiency status with the severity of AGA in men.

Method: This research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The study subjects were selected using consecutive sampling. The diagnosis of AGA was established clinically according to the Hamilton-Norwood classification and then categorized into mild and moderate-severe degrees. Photographs of the head in seven positions were taken, and trichoscopy and Trichoscan® examinations were performed. Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured from 3 mL of venous blood using the chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) method. Vitamin D status was classified as deficient or non-deficient according to the Endocrine Society Guideline. Statistical significance were set at p<0.05.

Results: Among the 74 subjects with a mean age of 37.4 (8.89) years, 29 (39.2%) had mild AGA and 45 (60.8%) had moderate to severe AGA. The mean serum 25(OH)D level for all participants was 18.9 (5.89) ng/mL, indicating vitamin D deficiency. For those with mild AGA, the mean serum 25(OH)D level was 21.8 (6.39) ng/mL, while for those with moderate to severe AGA, it was 17.1 (4.79) ng/mL. There was a statistically significant association between serum 25(OH)D levels and vitamin D status with AGA severity (p=0.01; p<0.001). Additionally, a significant association was found between hair diameter and AGA severity (p=0.036).

Conclusion: This study found significant association between vitamin D status and serum 25(OH)D levels with AGA severity in men"

"Latar Belakang: Vitamin D telah terbukti memiliki sifat anti kanker sebagai antioksidan, anti-proliferasi, dan diferensiasi sel. Khasiat vitamin D sebagai agen antikanker memicu peneliti untuk mencari tahu apakah vitamin D bermanfaat sebagai radiosensitizer. Berbagai penelitian telah dilakukan pada cell line dalam berbagai jenis kanker, tetapi manfaat vitamin D sebagai radiosensitizer masih kontroversial. Tujuan: Manfaat vitamin D sebagai radiosensitizer masih kontroversial karena beberapa hasil studi yang tidak jelas. Ulasan ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki pemanfaatan Vitamin D3 (Kalsitriol) sebagai radiosensitizer di berbagai lini sel melalui tinjauan literatur. Bahan/Metode: Pencarian sistematis dari pangkalan data literatur medis yang tersedia dilakukan pada studi in vitro dengan Vitamin D sebagai radiosensitizer di semua jenis cell line. Sebanyak 11 studi in vitro dievaluasi. Hasil: Sembilan studi dalam ulasan ini menunjukkan efek yang signifikan dari Vitamin D sebagai agen radiosensitizer dengan meningkatkan autofagi sitotoksik, meningkatkan apoptosis, menghambat kesintasan sel dan gen pemicu proliferasi sel dengan menghambat ReIB, dan menginduksi senesens. Dua penelitian lainnya menunjukkan tidak ada efek yang signifikan dalam mekanisme radiosensitisasi vitamin D karena kurangnya bukti dalam lingkungan in vitro. Kesimpulan: Vitamin D memiliki sifat antikanker dan dapat digunakan sebagai radiosensitizer dengan berbagai mekanisme di berbagai cell line. Penelitian lebih lanjut terutama dalam pengaturan in vivo perlu dievaluasi.

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Background: Vitamin D has been shown to have anti-cancer properties as antioxidants, anti-proliferative, and cell differentiation. The property of vitamin D as an anticancer agent triggers researchers to find out whether vitamin D is useful as a radiosensitizer. Multiple studies have been carried out on cell lines in various types of cancer, but the benefits of vitamin D as a radiosensitizer are still become controversial.

Purpose: The benefits of vitamin D as a radiosensitizer are still controversial due to some incoherent study results. This review aim to investigate the utilization of Vitamin D3 (Calcitriol) as radiosensitizer in various cell line through review of literature.

Materials/Methods: A systematic search of available medical literature databases was performed on in vitro studies with Vitamin D as radiosensitizer in all types of cell line. A total of 11 in vitro studies were evaluated.

Results: Nine studies in this review showed significant effect of Vitamin D as radiosensitizer agent by promoting cytotoxic autofagi, increasing apoptosis, inhibition of cell survival and proliferation promoting gene in ReIB inhibition, and inducing senescenes. The two remaining studies showed no significant effect in radiosensitizing mechanism of Vitamin D due to lack of evidence in vitro settings.

Conclusion: Vitamin D have anticancer property and can be used as radiosensitizer by imploring various mechanism pathways in various cell line. Further research especially in vivo setting need to be evaluated."

"Latar belakang : Pemakaian obat anti epilepsi jangka panjang dikaitkan dengan kekerapan terjadinya defisiensi vitamin D,Suplementasi vitamin D dapat meningkatkan kadar 25 OH D sehingga menurunkan angka morbiditasnya. Tujuan : Mengetahui profil vitamin D pada anak epilepsi dan mengetahui efektivitas terapi suplementasi vitamin D. Metode : Analisa before and after pada subjek epilepsi politerapi > 1 tahun dan menggunakan>2 obat, evaluasi pre- dan paska suplementasi vitamin D selama 3 bulan. Hasil penelitian : Dari 51 subjek yang diteliti ditemukan 25 49 subjek sufisien, 19 37,3 pasien insufisien, dan 7 13,7 subjek defisien. Faktor risiko yang memiliki kemaknaan statistik adalah usua pubertas dan prapubertas p=0,004 , busana tertutup p=0,002 ,jenis epilepsi fokal p=0,032 dan frekuensi kejang p=0,047 . Evaluasi pemberian suplementasi vitamin D selama 3 bulan memberikan peningkatan kadar 25 OH D yang bermakna secara statistic p=0,001. Kesimpulan : Diperlukan pemantauan periodic kadar vitamin D pada anak epilepsi dan peranan terapi suplementasi dalam menurunkan angka morbiditasnya.

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Background : in epileptic children, a number of medications are used. Antiepileptic drugs are known to exert deleterious effect on vitamin D metabolism. Reports of vitamin D deficiency associated with anticonvulsant drugs in pediatric patients are conflicting.

Objective : To determine vitamin D status and risk factors in epileptic children and evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation.

Methods : A prospective pre and post intervention study was done in 51 epileptic children aged 5 18 years on polytherapy for at least one year in Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital and Bekasi Hospital, over a vitamin D supplementation period of 3 months from January 2017 to May 2017.

Results : Of the 51 patients studied, 25( 49,0%) subjects had sufficient vitamin D levels (>20 ng/mL), 19 ( 37,3%) subjects had insufficient vitamin D levels (12-20 ng/mL), and 7 (13,7 %) subjects had vitamin D deficiency( <12 ng/mL). It was seen that the risk of vitamin D deficiency increased, in the dress used ( full-covered dress) (p=0,002) , pre-pubertal and pubertal age ( p=0,004), focal epilepsy (p=0,032) and in seizure frequency (p=0,047), which was statistically significant. The role of vitamin D supplementation showed beneficial effect in increasing vitamin D level, which was statistically significant( p=0,001).

Conclusion : vitamin D supplementation in epileptic children effectively increases serum 25(OH)D."

"Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease (LDDD) adalah salah satu penyebab utama nyeri punggung bawah pada populasi dewasa. Vitamin D, reseptor vitamin D (VDR), dan aggrecan serum memiliki peran dalam patogenesis degenerasi diskus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan antara kadar serum vitamin D, reseptor vitamin D, dan aggrecan dengan derajat keparahan LDDD pada populasi dewasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan 85 subjek usia dewasa yang didiagnosis LDDD. Kadar serum vitamin D, VDR, dan aggrecan diukur menggunakan metode enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Derajat keparahan LDDD ditentukan berdasarkan Klasifikasi Pfirrmann melalui pencitraan MRI. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik Chi-square, ROC, dan korelasi Pearson atau Spearman. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara kadar vitamin D dengan derajat keparahan LDDD (p=0,01), dengan subjek yang memiliki kadar vitamin D insufisiensi lebih cenderung mengalami LDDD sedang. Sebaliknya, kadar aggrecan menunjukkan hubungan negatif yang signifikan dengan derajat LDDD (p<0,001), di mana kadar aggrecan yang lebih rendah berkorelasi dengan keparahan LDDD yang lebih tinggi. Tidak ditemukan hubungan signifikan antara kadar VDR dan keparahan LDDD (p=0,492). Penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara kadar vitamin D dan aggrecan serum dengan derajat keparahan LDDD pada populasi dewasa. Kadar aggrecan yang rendah dan insufisiensi vitamin D berhubungan dengan LDDD yang lebih berat, sedangkan VDR tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan.

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Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease (LDDD) is a leading cause of low back pain (LBP) in the adult population. Serum vitamin D, vitamin D receptor (VDR), and aggrecan are believed to play roles in the pathogenesis of disc degeneration. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between serum levels of vitamin D, VDR, and aggrecan with the severity of LDDD in adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 85 adult subjects diagnosed with LDDD. Serum levels of vitamin D, VDR, and aggrecan were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The severity of LDDD was graded using the Pfirrmann classification via MRI imaging. Statistical analyses were performed using Chi-square tests, ROC analysis, and Pearson or Spearman correlation. A significant association was found between vitamin D levels and the severity of LDDD (p=0.01), with subjects having insufficient vitamin D levels more likely to experience moderate LDDD. In contrast, aggrecan levels showed a significant negative association with LDDD severity (p<0.001), where lower aggrecan levels correlated with higher LDDD severity. No significant relationship was observed between VDR levels and LDDD severity (p=0.492). This study demonstrates a significant relationship between serum vitamin D and aggrecan levels with the severity of LDDD in adults. Low aggrecan levels and vitamin D insufficiency are associated with more severe LDDD, while VDR levels showed no significant association."

"Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan penyakit metabolik yang disebabkan berkurangnya sekresi hormon insulin, menurunnya sensitivitas insulin atau kombinasi keduanya. DM tipe2 merupakan salah satu jenis diabetes melitus yang paling banyak penyandangnya. Defisiensi vitamin D sering dikaitkan dengan kejadian DM tipe 2. Vitamin D merupakan salah satu vitamin yang berpotensi untuk memperbaiki sintesis dan sekresi insulin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai pengaruh suplementasi vitamin D 5.000 IU/hari selama 3 dan 6 bulan terhadap fungsi sel beta pankreas yang dilihat dari penanda antioksidan (SOD), inflamasi (IL-6), PDX-1, HbA1c dan resistensi insulin (HOMA-IR) serta keamanan pemberian vitamin D yang dilihat dari peningkatan kadar 25-(OH)D dan ekspresi VDR.Penelitian ini menggunakan desain double blind randomized controlled trial mengikutsertakan 94 penyandang DM tipe 2 dengan usia 35‒80 tahun di Puskesmas Kecamatan Mampang Jakarta Selatan. Hasil randomisasi terdapat 47 subjek kelompok kontrol dan 47 subjek kelompok vitamin D. Kelompok kontrol mendapatkan plasebo sedangkan kelompok vitamin D mendapatkan plasebo dan vitamin D 5.000 IU selama 6 bulan. Studi dilakukan mulai bulan Januari─Desember 2022. SOD, IL-6, PDX-1, VDR, HbA1c, glukosa darah, insulin puasa, 25-(OH)D, HOMA-IR diperiksa pada awal penelitian, pascasuplementasi 3 dan 6 bulan. Analisis statistik dengan SPSS 20 menggunakan uji ANOVA general linear repeated measurement dan Mann Whitney.Karakteristik subjek penelitian pada kelompok vitamin D dan kelompok kontrol pada awal penelitian menunjukkan kedua kelompok setara baik pada karaktersitik demografis, laboratorium, dan asupan nutrien. Pascasuplementasi vitamin D selama 3 dan 6 bulan terdapat perbedaan bermakna kadar 25-(OH)D (p = 0,000), tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna HbA1c dan glukosa darah (p = 0,360 dan p = 0,296) antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok vitamin D. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna kadar insulin pasca suplementasi 3 dan 6 bulan (p = 0,034 dan p = 0,013) serta perbedaan bermakna HOMA-IR pasca suplementasi 3 dan 6 bulan (p = 0,033 dan p = 0,031) antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok vitamin D. Kadar insulin pada kedua kelompok mengalami peningkatan tetapi peningkatan kadar insulin pada kelompok kontrol lebih tinggi. HOMA-IR pada kedua kelompok mengalami peningkatan tetapi peningkatan HOMA-IR pada kelompok kontrol lebih tinggi. Terdapatnya kadar insulin dan HOMA-IR yang lebih rendah pada kelompok vitamin D menunjukkan adanya perbaikan resistensi insulin.Untuk PDX-1 tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pasca suplementasi 3 dan 6 bulan (p = 0,464 dan p = 0,499) antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok vitamin D. Vitamin D tidak terbukti meningkatkan SOD dan VDR serta tidak terbukti menurunkan IL-6.Simpulan: Suplementasi vitamin D 5.000 IU/hari selama 6 bulan dapat meningkatkan kadar 25-(OH)D dalam batas normal, serta dapat memperbaiki resistensi insulin melalui penurunan HOMA-IR dan penurunan sekresi insulin. Efek terhadap HbA1c, SOD, IL-6, PDX-1, dan VDR tidak terbukti.

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that is caused by reduced insulin secretion, reduced insulin sensitivity, or a combination of the two. Type 2 DM is one of the types of diabetes mellitus with the greatest number of cases. Vitamin D deficiency is frequently associated with the incidence of type 2 DM. Vitamin D is one of the vitamins with the potential to improve insulin synthesis and secretion. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation of vitamin D at 5.000 IU/day for 3 and 6 months on pancreatic beta cell function from the perspective of antioxidant (SOD) and inflammatory (IL-6) markers, PDX-1 expression, HbA1c concentration, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and the safety of vitamin D administration as shown by 25-(OH)D concentration and vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression. This study was a double blind randomized controlled trial involving 94 patients with type 2 DM aged 35‒80 years at Mampang District Public Health Center, South Jakarta. Randomization resulted in 47 subjects in the control group and 47 subjects in the vitamin D group. The control group received placebo whereas the vitamin D group received placebo and vitamin D at 5.000 IU for 6 months. The study was conducted from January‒December 2022. SOD, IL-6, PDX-1, VDR, HbA1c, blood glucose, fasting insulin, 25-(OH)D, and HOMA-IR were determined at baseline and after supplementation for 3 and 6 months. Statistical analysis by SPSS 20 used ANOVA general linear repeated measurement and Mann-Whitney tests. Characteristics of study subjects in the vitamin D and control groups at baseline showed that both groups were similar in demographic characteristics, laboratory measures, and nutrient intake. After supplementation of vitamin D for 3 and 6 months there were significant differences in 25-(OH)D concentration (p = 0.000), but no significant differences in HbA1c and blood glucose (p = 0.360 and p = 0.296) between control and vitamin D groups. There were significant differences in insulin concentration after supplementation for 3 and 6 months (p = 0.034 and p = 0.013) and significant differences in HOMA-IR after supplementation for 3 and 6 months (p = 0.033 and p = 0.031) between control and vitamin D groups. Insulin concentrations increased in both groups but the increase insulin concentrations was higher in the control group. HOMA-IR increased in both groups but the increase in HOMA-IR was higher in the control group. The lower insulin concentrations and decreased HOMA-IR in the vitamin D group indicated improve insulin resistance. With regard to PDX-1 there were no significant differences after supplementation for 3 and 6 months (p = 0.464 and p = 0.499) between control and vitamin D groups. Vitamin D was not proven to increase SOD and VDR, and was not proven to reduce IL-6.

Conclusion: Supplementation of vitamin D at 5.000 IU/day for 6 months was able to increase 25-(OH)D concentration within normal limits and was able to improve insulin resistance through reduction in HOMA-IR and decreased insulin secretion . Effects on HbA1c, SOD, IL-6, PDX-1, and VDR were not proven."