Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Penelitian ini aka membahas mengenai perkembangan sistem pembayaran Indonesia, khususnya setelah diluncurkannya Program Gerbang Pembayaran Nasional (GPN) pada tahun 2017. Menurut data statistik yang dirilis Bank Indonesia, sepanjang 2010 hingga 2020 jika dilihat dari frekuensi transaksi, sebagian besar menggunakan kartu ATM atau debit, dengan rata-rata 78,20 persen dari seluruh transaksi. Tingginya frekuensi penggunaan kartu ATM dan debit mengakibatkan sektor penyedia jasa sistem pembayaran relatif luas, terutama yang bergerak di bidang penyediaan jaringan payment gateway. Sebelum program GPN, operator payment gateway didominasi oleh prinsipal asing, yaitu Visa dan Mastercard. Operasi oleh prinsipal asing ini berarti bahwa biaya transaksi yang dibebankan melalui dua prinsipal asing dapat mencapai 2,2% dari nilai transaksi, menjadikan biaya transaksi di Indonesia salah satu yang tertinggi di Asia Tenggara. Selain itu, pengolahan data oleh prinsipal asing juga membuat data transaksi tidak menguntungkan bagi Indonesia dan berpotensi mengurangi penerimaan pajak. Namun, kinerja transaksi menggunakan kartu GPN belum menggembirakan karena berdasarkan data historis, transaksi bulanan menggunakan kartu GPN tidak pernah mencapai di atas 25%, dengan rata-rata hanya 18,16% dari seluruh transaksi menggunakan kartu ATM/Debit. Atas dasar tersebut, dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kualitatif melalui analisis perkembangan data transaksi sistem pembayaran, penelitian ini akan mendeskripsikan perkembangan GPN sejak diluncurkan pada tahun 2017 hingga Desember 2020, dan membandingkan GPN dengan operator gateway pembayaran asing dan masukan untuk meningkatkan volume transaksi menggunakan GPN.

---

This paper examines Indonesia's payment system development, particularly following the launch of the National Payment Gateway Programme (GPN) in 2017. According to statistical data released by Bank Indonesia, from 2010 to 2020, considering the frequency of transactions, most of them used ATM or debit cards, with an average of 78.20 percent of all transactions. The high frequency of ATM and debit card usage has resulted in a relatively extensive sector of payment system service providers, particularly those involved in the provision of payment gateway networks. Before the NPG program, payment gateway operators were dominated by foreign principals, namely Visa and Mastercard. This operation by foreign principals means that the transaction fees charged through the two foreign principals can reach 2.2% of the transaction value, making transaction fees in Indonesia one of the highest in Southeast Asia. Besides that, data processing by foreign principals also makes transaction data not a benefit for Indonesia and the potential for reduced tax revenue. However, the performance of transactions using the GPN card has not been encouraging because, based on historical data, monthly transactions using the GPN card have never reached above 25%, with an average of only 18.16% of all transactions using ATM / Debit cards. On this basis, using a qualitative and qualitatiive approach through analysis of the development of payment system transaction data, this research will describe the development of the GPN from its launch in 2017 to December 2020, and compare the GPN with foreign payment gateway operators and input to increase the volume of transactions using the GPN."

"The Timor problem consists of an avalanche of closely related subjects. The majority, common in all underdeveloped countries, is not new. They emanate from a combination of factors - unfavorable physical conditions, simple technologies, and a social setting, which impedes progress and modernization and result in an alarming agrarian situation, marked by malnutrition and soil erosion.

On Timor, as elsewhere in the world, the solution of these matters is exceedingly difficult and is retarded by a general lack of data, concerning both physical environment and social factors. Specialists in various fields have studied several facets of the Timor problem, and valuable suggestions have been put forward. The objection of the latter is that, made by single-minded specialists, they are rarely coordinated and do not sufficiently consider the multiple correlation in the interplay between man and nature. Co-ordination between the results of specialized enquiries, in order to show the area's real nature and critical features, is desirable.

As a geographer the author does not intend to invade the fields of other sciences, and he is not under the illusion that he can provide the answer to the Timor problem. He realizes, however, that the geographical approach has been found of value in area planning projects in many parts of the world during the last decades. Geographers' advice has been sought to in increasing degree and their practical aid welcomed. Few of them, however, have yet been employed in the gigantic project of which the present generation should form the foundation, i.e. development of newborn areas. That is just where geographers could give considerable assistance. With their training, they are often able to apply the required co-ordination and correlation. By providing the present situation's historical background, by analyzing the methods man has used to develop his environment and giving a synthetic interpretation of all phenomena found in the area, he can supply the basic overall information necessary in the formulation of plans for future development. An attempt will be made to demonstrate this in the following study regarding the Timor problem."

"Pamong desa sebagai unsur pelaksana pemerintahan desa merupakan kunci utama keberhasilan pembangunan desa. Pemerintah desa bertanggung jawab melaksanakan dan memfasilitasi serta mendorong semua pihak untuk mewujudkan rencana pembangunan di desanya...."

"Tulisan ini berusaha memberikan pemahaman terhadap "sepak terjang" para elit di salah satu wilayah ujung Timur Pulau Sumba ketika bersinggungan dengan program pembangunan...."

"Dengan di berlakukannya Undang-Undang No. 22 tahun 1999 tentang Penerintahan Daerah, masyarakat diberi sarana dan kesempatan ubtuk ikut berpartisipasi aktif untuk memajukan desanya...."

"Makalah ini dimulai dengan beberapa tanggapan atas tujuan kebijakan desentralisasi daerah Indonesia. Kemudian , setelah dengan singkat meneliti beberapa aspek relevan dari kebijakan pembangunan daerah di Filipina dan Australia, maka beberapa saran kebijakan akan dikemukakan...."

"Natural disasters can be very devastating for the victims, so that the sooner they get back to their daily life and routine the easier for them to overcome the traumatic event of the disasters..."