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"National Cotton Acceleration Program (Program Akselerasi Kapas Nasional, PAKN) being incepted in East Sumba since 2008 has created three forms of resistance among female farmers in Tanamanang Village. The first form of resistance includes referring to the PAKN cotton as “project’s cotton,” which represents a negative inference, and can becategorized into a form of symbolic resistance. The second resistance is an open resistance since the actions can be observed in the female farmers’ daily routines. This form of resistance is done by defying the PAKN rules, such as the farming method and the sales agreement. The third form of resistance can be regarded as assertion resistance, whichv is done by rejecting the cotton demonstration plot being implemented in their front and back yard."

"AbstrakNational Cotton Acceleration Program (Program Akselerasi Kapas Nasional, PAKN) being incepted in East Sumba since 2008 has created three forms of resistance among female farmers in Tanamanang Village. The first form of resistance includes referring to the PAKN cotton as projects cotton, which represents a negative inference, and can be categorized into a form of symbolic resistance. The second resistance is an open resistance since the actions can be observed in the female farmers daily routines. This form of resistance is done by defying the PAKN rules, such as the farming method and the sales agreement. The third form of resistance can be regarded as assertion resistance, which is done by rejecting the cotton demonstration plot being implemented in their front and back yard. "

"Energi terbaharukan telah menjadi salah satu topik yang didiskusikan secara global. Energi angin menjadi salah satu yang paling banyak dimanfaatkan untuk menggantikan penggunakan bahan bakar fosil yang semakin hari semakin menipis. Proses membuat profil dari potensi energi angin yang baik sangat penting untuk mendapat prospek perkembangan energi angin dari suatu daerah dan mengurangi kemungkinan kegagalan dalam perkembangannya. Hal penting yang perlu dikaji adalah beban listrik secara local, menganalisis keadaan angin secara local, menganalisis distribusi dan probabilitas angina, serta mengetahui pemilihan spesifikasi turbin angin yang sesuai di pasaran. Tujuannya adalah untuk menjadi pengetahuan dasar untuk membuat profil energi dan potensi angin yang baik, khususnya di Waingapu, Sumba Timur. Hasil dari menggunakan fenomena Wind Shear dikasus Waingapu, Sumba Timus menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan dari total biaya pembelian awal untuk mengakomodasi beban listrk di jam pertama setiap harinya terbagi kepada turbin angin dan generator diesel. Sebelum menggunakan ide yang diajukan, biaya tertinggi sebesar 952 Juta USD, dibandingkan dengan setelah menggunakan ide yang diajukan biaya turun menjadi 672 Juta USD yang setara dengan efisiensi biaya sebesar 29.40 . Sebelum menggunakan ide yang diajukan, biaya terendah adalah 19.8 Juta USD dibandingkan dengan setelah menggunakan ide yang diajukan biaya turub menjadi 11.2 Juta USD yang setara dengan efisiensi biaya sebesar 43.36.

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Renewable and sustainable energy generation systems have become one of the most discussed topic globally. Wind energy become one of the most applied and utilize source of sustainable energy to replace the conventional usage of fossil fuel that is depleting as time goes on. Proper profiling of wind energy potential of any area around the globe is important in order to have the best prospecting site and reduce the chance of failure on the development of the site. The main concerns are to discuss the load of the locals, analyzing the wind condition of the local area, distribution and probability analysis and also to use the appropriate specification of available wind turbine. The goal is to be the basic knowledge guide in order to create an appropriate wind energy profiling and potentials, especially in Waingapu, East Sumba as the case of iconic island.

The result after applying wind shear phenomenon to the case of Waingapu East Sumba results in a significant increase on total initial purchasing cost of the first hourly load accommodation to wind turbine and diesel generator. Before the proposed idea, the most expensive cost is 952 Million USD compared to proposed idea it reduced to 672 Million USD with cost efficiency increased by 29.40 . Before the proposed idea, the cheapest cost is 19.8 Million USD compared to proposed idea it reduced to 11.2 Million USD with cost efficiency increased by 43.36. "

"Kekeringan selalu terjadi setiap tahunnya di Indonesia salah satunya yaitu di Kabupaten Sumba Timur yang berada di Pulau Sumba, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pola sebaran kekeringan meteorologis dengan menggunakan metode Standardized Precipitation Index atau SPI sebagai indikator kekeringan berdasarkan variabel curah hujan dan kekeringan pertanian di Kabupaten Sumba Timur dengan menggunakan metode Normalized Difference Drought Index atau NDDI sebagai indikator kekeringan dalam pengolahan data citra satelit serta menganalisis bagaimana hubungan kekeringan meteorologis terhadap kekeringan pertanian di Kabupaten Sumba Timur. Hasil analisis pola sebaran wilayah kekeringan meteorologis berdasarkan nilai SPI dan nilai NDDI menunjukan pola sebaran kekeringan yang menyebar secara acak. Adapun kekeringan meteorologis berdasarkan nilai SPI bergerak dari wilayah selatan yang di dominasi oleh wilayah ketinggian dengan tingkat miring menuju ke wilayah tengah Kabupaten Sumba Timur sedangkan kekeringan pertanian berdasarkan nilai NDDI bergerak dari wilayah utara yang di dominasi oleh wilayah ketinggian dengan tingkat landai menuju ke wilayah tengah Kabupaten Sumba Timur. Berdasarkan kedua metode penentuan kekeringan tersebut didapatkan klasifikasi tingkat kekeringan dimulai dari kekeringan normal hingga ekstrim. Adapun untuk kekeringan meteorologis menunjukan beberapa wilayah mengalami kekeringan parah namun pada kekeringan pertanian menunjukan beberapa wilayah mengalami kekeringan ringan. Wilayah kekeringan meteorologis dan kekeringan pertanian yang terjadi pada tahun 2019 dan 2020 memiliki beberapa perbedaan sehingga hal ini dapat menunjukan bahwa belum adanya korelasi antara wilayah yang mengalami kekeringan meteorologis juga merupakan wilayah yang mengalami kekeringan pertanian.

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Droughts always occur every year in Indonesia, one of which is in East Sumba Regency on Sumba Island, East Nusa Tenggara. This research aims to determine the distribution pattern of meteorological drought using the Standardized Precipitation Index or SPI method as a drought indicator based on rainfall and agricultural drought variables in East Sumba Regency using the Normalized Difference Drought Index or NDDI method as a drought indicator in processing satellite image data and analyze how meteorological drought is related to agricultural drought in East Sumba Regency. The results of the analysis of the distribution pattern of meteorological drought areas based on SPI values and NDDI values show a random distribution pattern of drought. Meanwhile, meteorological drought based on SPI values moves from the southern region which is dominated by high altitude areas with sloping levels towards the central region of East Sumba Regency, while agricultural drought based on NDDI values moves from the northern region which is dominated by high altitude areas with sloping levels towards the central region of the Regency. East Sumba. Based on the two methods of determining drought, a classification of drought levels is obtained starting from normal to extreme drought. As for the meteorological drought, it shows that several regions are experiencing severe drought, but the agricultural drought shows that several regions are experiencing mild drought. The areas of meteorological drought and agricultural drought that occurred in 2019 and 2020 have several differences, so this can show that there is no correlation between areas experiencing meteorological drought and also areas experiencing agricultural drought."