Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Latar Belakang: Tulang terus memperbaharui jaringannya dengan mengandalkan keseimbangan resorpsi tulang oleh osteoklas dan deposisi tulang oleh osteoblas. Namun, hal ini dapat terhambat pada kondisi kerusakan tulang yang rumit dan ekstensif. Bone tissue engineering telah berpotensi menjadi alternatif dalam mengatasi masalah regenerasi tulang, salah satunya menggunakan material hidroksiapatit dan gelatin yang bersifat biokompatibel dan osteokonduktif. Pada studi ini, penulis ingin mengetahui pengaruh penambahan propolis pada material hidroksiapatit-gelatin terhadap sekresi protein sel osteoblas.Tujuan: Menganalisis total dan profil protein pada medium kultur sel osteoblas setelah pajanan elusi hidroksiapatit, gelatin, dan propolis untuk melihat aktivitas sel osteoblas.Metode: Medium kultur sel osteoblas diberikan pajanan berupa elusi hidroksiapatit-gelatin-propolis 6% dan diambil sampelnya pada hari ke- 3, 7, 14, dan 21. Kemudian dilakukan uji Bradford untuk melihat total protein dan uji SDS-PAGE untuk melihat profil protein.Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan total protein pada semua kelompok dan ditemukan adanya profil protein berupa COL1A1, bone sialoprotein, RUNX2, dan osteonectin.Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan antara total dan profil protein medium kultur sel osteoblas pada pemberian elusi hidroksiapatit-gelatin-propolis 6% dibanding kelompok kontrol pada hari ke- 3, 7, 14, dan 21 setelah pajanan.

---

Background: Bone continue to renew their tissue during life that relies on the correct balance between resorption by osteoclasts and deposition by osteoblasts. However, this can be hindered in conditions of complex and extensive bone destruction. Bone tissue engineering has potential to be an alternative in overcoming the problem of bone regeneration, one of which uses hydroxyapatite and gelatin materials that are biocompatible and osteoconductive. The authors wanted to determine the effect of adding propolis to the hydroxyapatite-gelatin material on the protein secretion of osteoblast cells.

Objectives: To analyse total and profile protein on medium culture of osteoblast cells after exposure to elution of hydroxyapatite, gelatin, and propolis to see the activity of osteoblast cells.

Methods: Osteoblast cell culture medium was exposed to hydroxyapatite-gelatin-propolis 6% elution and samples were taken on days 3, 7, 14, and 21. Then the Bradford test was performed to see the total protein and SDS-PAGE test to see the protein profile.

Results: There were differences of total protein in all groups and found the presence of profile protein, such as COL1A1, bone sialoprotein, RUNX2, and osteonectin.

Conclusion: The results showed that there was a difference between the total and protein profile of the osteoblast cell culture medium in the administration of hydroxyapatite-gelatin-propolis 6% elution compared to the control group on days 3, 7, 14, and 21 after exposure.

"

"Latar Belakang: Defek tulang yang besar membutuhkan pendekatan regenerasi tulang. Material hidroksiapatit (HA) dan gelatin telah banyak diteliti dan dikombinasikan karena sifatnya yang saling melengkapi dan meningkatkan aktivitas regenerasi tulang. Penambahan zat alami seperti propolis yang salah satunya memiliki kandungan Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Esters (CAPE) dapat menstimulasi pertumbuhan jaringan dan meningkatkan kadar biomarker pertumbuhan tulang. Oleh karena itu kombinasi biomaterial HA-gelatin-propolis yang belum pernah dilakukan sebelumnya, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan aktivitas regenerasi tulang yang dapat dilihat dari kadar alkali fosfatase (ALP) dan osteokalsin (OC) yang disekresikan oleh osteoblas.Tujuan: Menganalisis kadar ALP dan OC pada medium kultur biakan sel osteoblas setelah dipajan elusi hidroksiapatit, gelatin, dan propolis 6% .Metode: Human Osteoblast Cell line MG-63 dibiakan dan dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok pajanan yaitu kontrol, HA, propolis 6%, HA-gelatin, HA-propolis 6%, dan HA-gelatin-propolis 6%. Kadar ALP dan OC dianalisis pada medium kultur 7, 14, dan 21 hari setelah pemajanan kemudian dikuantifikasi menggunakan Uji ELISA.Hasil: Kadar ALP dan OC seluruh kelompok mengalami peningkatan pada hari ke-7 dan 14 serta pengalami penurunan pada hari ke-21. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada kelompok pajanan HA-gelatin-propolis 6% dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Kelompok HA, propolis 6%, dan HA-gelatin menunjukkan kadar yang lebih tinggi dari kontrol. Perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik (p<0,05) terdapat pada kelompok propolis 6%. Kenaikan kadar ALP berkorelasi positif sedang dengan kenaikan kadar OC (r = 0,385, p=0,001).Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna aktivitas proliferasi dan diferensiasi sel osteoblas yang dilihat dari kadar biomarker ALP dan OC pada pajanan elusi HA-gelatin-propolis 6% dibanding kelompok kontrol.

---

Background: Large bone defects require a bone regeneration approach. Hydroxyapatite (HA) and gelatin have been widely studied and combined because of their complementary properties and increasing bone regeneration activity. The addition of natural substances such as propolis, one of which contains Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Esters (CAPE) can stimulate tissue growth and increase levels of bone growth biomarkers. Therefore, the combination of HA-gelatin-propolis biomaterial that has never been done before, is expected to increase bone regeneration activity which can be seen from the levels of bone growth biomarkers alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OC) secreted by osteoblasts.

Objective: To analyze the levels of bone formation biomarkers such as ALP and OC in osteoblast cell culture medium after exposure to hydroxyapatite, gelatin, and propolis 6% elution.

Methods: This research is an in vitro laboratory study. Human Osteoblast Cell line MG-63 was cultured and divided into 6 groups, namely control, HA, propolis 6%, HA-gelatin, HA-propolis 6%, and HA-gelatin-propolis 6 %. ALP and OC levels were analyzed on culture medium 7, 14, and 21 days after exposure and then quantified using the ELISA test.

Results: ALP and OC levels in all groups increased on the 7th and 14th days and decreased on the 21st day. There was no significant difference in the HA-gelatin-propolis 6% exposure group compared to the control group. The 6% propolis and HA-gelatin groups showed higher levels than the control and a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was found in the 6% propolis group. An increase in ALP levels was positively correlated with an increase in OC levels (r = 0.385, p = 0.001).

Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the proliferative and differentiation activity of osteoblasts as seen from the levels of biomarkers of ALP and OC in the HA-gelatin-propolis 6% elution exposure compared to the control group."

"The aim of study was to investigate the influence of protein deficiency on osteoblast and osteoclast cells activity on Sprague Dawley rats model alveolar bone. The study was carried out on 10 Sparaque Dawley rats, divided in 2 groups. The first group was fed by died with 4% protein after weaning period until animals aged 56 days. The other group was fed by standard diet. Osteoblas and osteoclast cells activity were counted by histological analysis. The result of the study from one-way Anova showed the significant differences (p<0,05) osteoblasts and osteoclasts activity between the protein deficiency group and the standard group. "

"Latar Belakang: Inovasi biomaterial dalam rekayasa jaringan tulang dapat bermanfaat untuk pengembangan dalam manajemen defek tulang kritis. Hidroksiapatit dan gelatin sudah dikenal potensinya dalam rekayasa jaringan sedangkan propolis dikenal dengan berbagai khasiatnya sebagai antimikroba dan potensi penyembuhan luka. Penggabungan ketiga bahan ini belum diketahui biokompatibilitasnya terhadap sel eukariot.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sifat biokompatibilitas hidroksiapatit-gelatin-propolis (HA-GEL-P) terhadap sel osteoblas (MG-63).Metode: HA-GEL-P dibuat dalam bentuk elusi dengan konsentrasi propolis 6% dan 10% lalu dipajankan dalam larutan medium kultur yang telah disebari sel MG-63. Viabilitas sel dievaluasi dengan uji MTT pada hari ke 1 dan ke 8 setelah pemajanan, dengan inkubasi 2 jam. Setelah inkubasi, diberikan larutan acidified isopropanol untuk melarutkan kristal formazan yang terbentuk. Absorbansi diukur dengan panjang gelombang 600 nm.Hasil: Uji MTT menunjukkan bahwa viabilitas sel setelah dipajankan dengan HA-GEL-P 6% di atas 90% pada hari ke 1, namun mengalami penurunan yang signifikan pada hari ke 8 dengan viabilitas sel di bawah 50%. Sedangkan, HA-GEL-P 10% menunjukkan viabilitas sel di bawah 50% pada hari ke 1 dan 8.Kesimpulan: HA-GEL-P 6% menunjukkan biokompatibilitas yang baik sedangkan HA-GEL-P 10% menunjukkan sifat toksik. Efek toksik HA-GEL-P tergantung pada konsentrasi dan waktu inkubasi.

---

Background: Biomaterial innovation in bone tissue engineering can be useful for developments in the management of critical bone defects. Hydroxyapatite and gelatin are well known for their potential in tissue engineering, while propolis is known for its various antimicrobial and wound healing properties. The combination of these three materials is not yet known for its biocompatibility.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the biocompatibility properties of hydroxyapatite-gelatin-propolis (HA-GEL-P) on osteoblast cells (MG-63).

Methods: HA-GEL-P was prepared in the form of elution with two propolis concentrations (6% dan 10%) and then exposed to a solution of culture medium that had been spread with MG-63 cells. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay on days 1 and 8 after exposure, with 2 hours incubation. After incubation, acidified isopropanol solution was given to dissolve the formed formazan crystals. The absorbance was measured at the wavelength of 600 nm.

Results: The MTT assay showed that the cell viability of HA-GEL-P 6% was above 90% on day 1, but had a significant decrease on day 8 with cell viability below 50%. Meanwhile, HA-GEL-P 10% showed cell viability below 50% on days 1 and 8.

Conclusion: It was suggested that adequate biocompatibility was evident for HA-GEL-P 6%, while HA-GEL-P 10% was toxic. The toxic effect of HA-GEL-P depends on the concentration and duration of incubation."

"Latar Belakang: Trauma dentoalveolar merupakan kerusakan pada daerah gigi dan tulang alveolar serta jaringan pendukung gigi. Prosedur pemulihan dengan cara Bone grafting yang menggantikan tulang yang hilang. Bahan alami seperti Hidroksiapatit Gelatin dan propolis dilaporkan dapat meningkatkan proliferasi dan mineralisasi sel osteoblas. Tujuan: Untuk menetapkan peningkatan proliferasi dan minrealisasi setelah pemajanan elusi hidroksiapatit, gelatin, dan propolis 6% pada hari ke-7, 14, dan 21 terhadap medium kultur sel osteoblast sebagai bone graft secara in vitro. Metode: Melakukan uji pewarnaan Alizarin Red Staining (ARS) pada kelompok perlakuan dengan interval waktu hari ke-7, 14, dan 21. Analisis menggunakan ImageJ menentukan deposisi kalsium dan jumlah sel osteoblast. Hasil: Pada tiap interval waktu hari ke-7, 14, dan 21 kelompok uji Hidroksiapatit-Gelatin-Propolis mengalami peningkatan deposisi kalsium dan jumlah sel. Namun, terdapat hasil fluktuatif pada beberapa kelompok uji pada hari ke-7, 14, dan 21. Kesimpulan: Elusi Hidroksiapatit-Gelatin-Propolis dapat meningkatkan proliferasi dan mineralisasi pada sel osteoblast.

---

Background: Dentoalveolar trauma is damage to the area of ​​​​the tooth, the alveolar bone and the supporting tissues of the teeth. A recovery procedure by means of bone grafting which replaces the lost bone. Natural ingredients such as Hydroxyapatite Gelatin and propolis are reported to increase the proliferation and mineralization of osteoblast cells.

Aim: To determine the increase in proliferation and mineralization after exposure hydroxyapatite, gelatin, and propolis 6% elution on days 7, 14, and 21 to osteoblast cell culture medium as bone graft in vitro.

Method: Performed Alizarin Red Staining (ARS) staining test on the treatment group with time intervals of 7, 14, and 21 days. Analysis by using ImageJ to determined calcium deposition and the number of osteoblast cells. Result : At each time interval of 7, 14, and 21 days the Hydroxyapatite-Gelatin-Propolis test group experienced an increase in calcium deposition and cell number. However, there were fluctuating results in several test groups on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days.

Conclusion: Hydroxyapatite-Gelatin-Propolis elution can increase the proliferation and mineralization of osteoblast cells."

"Latar belakang: xylitol merupakan gula alkohol (polyols) dengan 5 ikatan rantai karbon yang dilaporkan bermanfaat bagi kesehatan manusia. Dalam bidang kedokteran gigi, xylitol memiliki peran sebagai bahan antikaries gigi karena dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Namun, efek xylitol terhadap sel-sel pulpa gigi belum diketahui. Pulpa gigi merupakan jaringan yang sensitif terhadap paparan benda asing. Pada pulpa gigi yang terbuka, xylitol dapatmenimbulkan efek biologik sel. Tujuan: untuk mendeteksi efek paparan xylitol terhadap protein total dan profil protein medium kultur sel-sel pulpa gigi. Metode: sel-sel pulpa gigi didapat dari jaringan pulpa gigi sehat yang baru diekstraksi, kemudian dikultur dalam medium DMEM (37ºC, 5% CO2) hingga confluent. Kemudian dilakukan subkultur dengan kondisi yang sama selama semalam. Kelompok perlakuan dipaparkan xylitol dengan konsentrasi 2%, 4%, 8%, dan 16%, tetapi kelompok kontrol tidak dipapar xylitol. Konsentrasi protein total medium kultur sel-sel pulpa gigi diukur dengan menggunakan Bradford protein assay pada panjang gelombang 655 nm. Sedangkan profil protein medium kultur sel-sel pulpa gigi dianalisis dengan teknik SDS PAGE. Hasil: rerata konsentrasi protein total (µg/ml ± SD) medium kultur sel-sel pulpa gigi pada kelompok perlakuan xylitol 2% (24.253,71 ± 2.363,29), xylitol 4% (21.925,42 ± 1.001,38), xylitol 8% (25.456,51 ± 4.569,45), dan xylitol 16% (26.306,66 ± 5.550,82) secara statistik dengan Oneway ANOVA lebih rendah bermakna (p<0,05) dibandingkan dengan kontrol (33.395,64 ± 4.209,08). Dari hasil SDS PAGE, ternyata tidak terjadi perubahan profil protein medium kultur sel-sel pulpa gigi setelah pemaparan xylitol. Simpulan: konsentrasi protein total medium kultur sel-sel pulpa gigi menurun setelah pemaparan dengan xylitol, namun profil protein medium kultur sel-sel pulpa gigi tidak mengalami perubahan.

---

Background: xylitol is one of sugar alcohol (polyols) with 5 carbon atoms which is reported to have benefits to our health. In dentistry, xylitol has anti-caries effect as the growth of Streptococcus mutans could be inhibited. However, the xylitol effects on dental pulp have not been known yet. Dental pulp tissue is sensitive to foreign substances. Xylitol could penetrate the exposed dental pulp and induce the biological response of the cells.

Objective: to detect the effects of xylitol on dental pulp cells determined by total protein and protein profile of culture medium of the dental pulp cells (in vitro).

Methods: dental pulp cells were obtained from healthy and freshly extracted teeth. Then, they were cultured in DMEM medium (37ºC, 5% CO2) until confluent approximately 2 days. Subsequently they were subcultured and used as samples. The treatment groups were treated with xylitol 2%, 4%, 8%, and 16% and incubated at 37°C, 5% CO2 for overnight, while the control groups without xylitol. The total protein of culture medium was determined by Bradford protein assay in 655 nm. Whereas, the protein profile of culture medium were analized by SDS PAGE method.

Results: the mean of total protein? concentration (µg/ml ± SD) of culture medium in treatment groups with xylitol 2% (24.253,71 ± 2.363,29), xylitol 4% (21.925,42 ± 1.001,38), xylitol 8% (25.456,51 ± 4.569,45), dan xylitol 16% (26.306,66 ± 5.550,82) were lower than control group (33.395,64 ± 4.209,08). The comparison between the controls and treatment groups were analysed by Oneway ANOVA. All the treatment groups were signifcantly different compared with the controls (p<0,05). By SDS PAGE, the protein profile of culture medium in all treatment groups was not altered.

Conclusion: the total protein? concentration of culture medium of the dental pulp cells were decreased after treated with xylitol. However, the protein profile of culture medium of dental pulp cells was not altered."

"Latar belakang: Trietylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) merupakan salah satu monomer yang terkandung dalam bahan tambal resin komposit. Jika polimerisasi tidak sempurna, TEGDMA dapat dengan mudah terlepas ke dalam rongga mulut beberapa menit hingga jam setelah penambalan, dan dapat berpenetrasi ke dalam pulpa. TEGDMA yang terlepas dilaporkan bersifat toksik terhadap jaringan dan sel tubuh.Tujuan: menentukan efek TEGDMA terhadap protein total dan profil protein sel-sel pulpa gigi.Metode: sel-sel pulpa didapat dari jaringan pulpa gigi sehat yang baru diekstraksi, kemudian dikultur pada medium kultur DMEM. Setelah sel kultur tampak confluent (±2 malam), dilakukan subkultur dari kultur primer tersebut, yang kemudian diinkubasi kembali pada suhu 37° C dan 5% CO2 selama 1 malam pada 24- well plate. Kemudian dilakukan pemaparan TEGDMA dengan konsentrasi 4mM, 8mM dan 12mM, selama 24 jam, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol tidak dilakukan pemaparan TEGDMA. Penentuan konsentrasi protein total sel pulpa dilakukan dengan menggunakan Bradford protein assay. Profil protein sel pulpa diidentifikasi dengan teknik SDS-PAGE. Analisa berat molekul protein sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan Gel Doc (Band Analysis Quick Guide).Hasil: Rerata konsentrasi protein total sel (µg/ml ± SD) pada kelompok perlakuan dengan TEGDMA 4mM (22762,27±3385,87) dan 8mM (20268,44±1701,14) memiliki nilai dibawah kelompok kontrol (24253,77±3072,88). Sedangkan kelompok perlakuan dengan TEGDMA 12mM (23706,51±3214,52) memiliki nilai konsentrasi protein total sel di atas kelompok 4mM dan 8mM, namun masih tetap di bawah kelompok kontrol. Berdasarkan uji statistik dengan one way ANOVA, hanya kelompok TEGDMA 8mM yang memiliki perbedaan rerata konsentrasi protein total sel yang bermakna (p=0.037) terhadap kelompok kontrol. Selanjutnya dari gambaran profil protein yang terbentuk pada gel elektroforesis, tampak perubahan profil protein sel pada setiap kelompok setelah paparan TEGDMA.Kesimpulan: Pada penelitian ini terjadi penurunan konsentrasi protein total sel dan perubahan profil protein sel pulpa gigi setelah pemaparan TEGDMA dengan konsentrasi 4mM, 8mM, dan 12mM.

---

Background: Trietylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) is one of monomer that contained in composite resin restoration. When polymerization is incomplete, this compound could leache into oral cavity in minutes to hours after the restoration, and could penetrate the dental pulp. TEGDMA has been reported to be cytotoxic to the tissues and cells.Objective: to determine the effects of TEGDMA on total protein and protein profile of the dental pulp cells.Methods: the dental pulp cells were collected from the dental pulp tissues of the freshly extracted teeth, and cultured in culture medium of DMEM. After the growth of cultured cells was confluent (±2 nights), the cells were subcultured then incubated (37°C, 5% CO2) overnight in 24-well plate. Afterwards, the cells were exposed to TEGDMA with concentrations of 4mM, 8mM, and 12mM, for 24 hours, meanwhile in control group without TEGDMA exposure. The concentration of total cell protein was measured by Bradford protein assay. The protein profile of the dental pulp cells were identified by SDS-PAGE. The molecular weight of sample protein was analyzed by Gel Doc (Band Analysis Quick Guide).Results: The mean of total cell protein concentration (µg/ml ± SD) on treatment groups of 4mM TEGDMA (22762,27±3385,87) and 8mM (20268,44±1701,14) were lower than the controls (24253,77±3072,88). Whereas, the total cell protein concentration of treatment group of TEGDMA 12mM (23706,51±3214,52) was higher than the treatment groups with TEGDMA 4mM and 8mM, but it was still lower than the controls. According to one way ANOVA statistic test, only the treatment group with TEGDMA 8mM was significantly lower than the controls (p=0.037). Furthermore, the protein profile identified by electrophoresis gel, showed the profile alteration after TEGDMA exposure.Conclusion: In this research the total cell protein concentration was decreased and the protein profile of the dental pulp cells was altered after exposure with TEGDMA 4mM, 8mM, and 12mM."

"Latar belakang: xylitol adalah gula alkohol dengan 5 ikatan rantai karbon yang memiliki banyak manfaat bagi kesehatan manusia. Dalam bidang kedokteran gigi, xylitol memiliki peran sebagai antikaries gigi karena dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans penyebab karies gigi. Namun belum diketahui efek pemaparan xylitol terhadap sel-sel pulpa gigi. Pulpa gigi merupakan jaringan yang sensitif terhadap paparan benda asing. Pada pulpa gigi yang terbuka, xylitol dapat menimbulkan efek biologik. Tujuan: untuk mendeteksi efek paparan xylitol dalam beberapa konsentrasi terhadap protein total dan profil protein sel-sel pulpa gigi secara in vitro. Metode: sampel penelitian berasal dari sel-sel pulpa gigi sehat (tanpa karies) yang baru diekstraksi. Selanjutnya dikultur selama semalam dan dilanjutkan dengan subkultur selama semalam. Kemudian kelompok perlakuan xylitol dipaparkan xylitol dengan konsentrasi 2%, 4%, 8%, dan 16%, sedangkan kelompok kontrol tidak diberi paparan xylitol. Protein total sel-sel pulpa gigi diukur dengan menggunakan metode Bradford assay dan profil protein sel-sel pulpa gigi dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode SDS PAGE. Hasil: rerata konsentrasi protein total (µg/ml ± SD) sel-sel pulpa gigi kelompok perlakuan xylitol 2% (23031,305 ± 1636,87), kelompok perlakuan xylitol 4% (26380,865 ± 3278,0), kelompok perlakuan xylitol 8% (23192,574 ± 1441,39), dan kelompok perlakuan xylitol 16% (21498,481 ± 2633,37) memiliki rerata konsentrasi protein total sel-sel pulpa gigi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok kontrol (19013,045 ± 2188,51) dan memiliki perbedaan bermakna berdasarkan uji statistik Oneway ANOVA. Namun, antar kelompok perlakuan xylitol 2%, 4%, 8% dan 16% tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05). Pada gambaran profil protein, tampak terjadi perubahan profil protein pada kelompok perlakuan xylitol 2% dan 8%. Simpulan: pada penelitian ini terjadi peningkatan konsentrasi protein total dan perubahan profil protein selsel pulpa gigi setelah pemaparan xylitol.

---

Background: xylitol is sugar alcohol with 5 carbon atom in the molecule which has many benefits for human health. In dentistry, xylitol is an anti-cariogenic agent as it can inhibit Streptococcus mutans growth. Nevertheless, the effect of xylitol exposure to dental pulp cells has not been known yet. Dental pulp is a sensitive tissue toward exposure of several agents. In the exposed dental pulp, xylitol can cause biological effects.

Objectives: the effect of xylitol with several concentrations determined to total protein and protein profile of the dental pulp cells culture.

Methods: the dental pulp cells were obtained from healthy and freshly extracted teeth (non-caries). Furthermore, dental pulp cells were cultured overnight and then subcultured another overnight. Afterwards, xylitol treatment group was exposured by 2%, 4%, 8%, and 16% xylitol, while control group was not exposured by xylitol. Total protein cells was measured by Bradford assay method and protein profile was analized by SDS PAGE.

Results: the mean of total protein (µg/ml ± SD) cells concentration? of 2% xylitol group (23031,305 ± 1636,87), 4% xylitol group (26380,865 ± 3278,0), 8% xylitol group (23192,574 ± 1441,39), and 16% xylitol group (21498,481 ± 2633,37) were statistically higher than the control group (19013,045 ± 2188,51). However, there were not significant differences between 2%, 8%, and 16% xylitol groups. From the result of SDS PAGE, it was shown that there was altered protein profile in 2% and 8% xylitol group.

Conclusions: in this research, the concentration of total protein cells were increased and the cells protein profile was altered in the dental pulp cells after xylitol exposured."

"Latar belakang: Trietylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) merupakan salah satu monomer yang terkandung dalam bahan tambal resin komposit. Jika resin komposit mengalami polimerisasi tidak sempurna, TEGDMA dengan mudah terlepas ke dalam rongga mulut dalam beberapa menit hingga jam setelah penambalan, kemudian berpenetrasi mencapai pulpa. TEGDMA yang terlepas dilaporkan bersifat sitotoksik. Tujuan: Menentukan efek TEGDMA (4 mM, 8 mM, dan 12 mM) terhadap protein total dan profil protein medium kultur sel-sel pulpa gigi. Metode: Sel-sel pulpa didapat dari jaringan pulpa gigi sehat yang baru diekstraksi, kemudian dikultur pada medium kultur DMEM. Setelah sel kultur tampak confluent (±2 malam), dilakukan subkultur yang kemudian digunakan sebagai sampel pada penelitian ini. Selanjutnya, kultur sel-sel pulpa gigi pada kelompok perlakuan masing-masing dipapar TEGDMA 4 mM, 8 mM, dan 12 mM. dan diinkubasi pada suhu 37°C, 5% CO2 selama 24 jam. Sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol tidak dipaparkan TEGDMA. Konsentrasi protein total medium kultur diukur menggunakan Bradford protein assay lalu dibaca dengan microplate reader pada panjang gelombang 655 nm. Kemudian, identifikasi profil protein medium kultur dilakukan dengan metode SDS PAGE. Hasil: Nilai rerata konsentrasi protein total medium kultur (µg/ml ± SD) kelompok perlakuan TEGDMA 4 mM, 8 mM, dan 12 mM berturut turut adalah 28635.85 ± 2373.39, 35288.41 ± 3469.47, dan 38199.79 ± 2752.47. Nilai-nilai tersebut lebih tinggi daripada kelompok kontrol 27073.83 µg/ml ± 2772.46. Analisis statistik one way ANOVA menunjukan terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok perlakuan TEGDMA 8 mM dan 12 mM dengan kelompok kontrol (p<0,05). Hasil identifikasi profil protein medium kultur menunjukan tampak perubahan profil protein pada setiap kelompok setelah pemaparan TEGDMA 4 mM, 8 mM, dan 12 mM. Kesimpulan: Pada penelitian ini konsentrasi protein total medium kultur meningkat dan profil protein medium kultur mengalami perubahan setelah pemaparan TEGDMA 4 mM, 8 mM, dan 12 mM pada sel-sel pulpa.

---

Background: Trietylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) is one of monomer that contained in composite resin restoration. TEGDMA could be released from composite resins to the oral cavity following incomplete polymerization in a few minutes to hours after the placement of restoration, and then the monomers of TEGDMA could penetrate the dental pulp. TEGDMA that released was reported has cytotoxic effects.

Objectives: To determine the effect of TEGDMA (4 mM, 8 mM, dan 12 mM) on total protein and protein profile of culture medium of the dental pulp cells.

Methods: The pulp cells were isolated from the pulp of the freshly extracted teeth, and cultured in culture medium of DMEM. After the cells visually confluent (±2 nights), subcultured to be used as samples. Afterwards, the cells culture in treatment group were treated with TEGDMA 4 mM, 8 mM, dan 12 mM and incubated at 37°C, 5% CO2 for 24 hours. Whereas, in control group without TEGDMA exposure. The concentration of total protein in culture medium was measured by Bradford protein assay then were read by microplate reader in 655 nm. Then, the protein profile of culture medium was identified by SDS PAGE method.

Result: The mean of total protein of culture medium (µg/ml ± SD) on treatment groups of TEGDMA 4 mM, 8 mM, dan 12 mM were 28635.85 ± 2373.39, 35288.41 ± 3469.47, and 38199.79 ± 2752.47 were higher than the controls 27073.83 ± 2772.46. One way ANOVA statistic analysis showed that treatment group of TEGDMA 8 mM and 12 mM were significant different compared with the control group (p<0,05). The protein profile of culture medium was altered after TEGDMA exposure.

Conclusion: In this research the total protein of culture medium was increased and its protein profile was altered after exposure of TEGDMA 4 mM, 8 mM, and 12 mM to dental pulp cells."

"Latar Belakang: Pada jaringan yang terkena kerusakan maupun degenerasi sangat dibutuhkan perawatan untuk menggantikan jaringan baru. Dalam merancang material untuk rekayasa jaringan, dibutuhkan material yang memiliki sifat mekanis yang tahan pada lingkungan in vivo. Hidroksiapatit banyak digunakan sebagai bahan rekayasa jaringan karena bersifat bioaktif. Propolis memiliki kandungan Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Esters (CAPE) yang dapat menstimulasikan pertumbuhan jaringan. Tujuan: Mengevaluasi karakterisasi gugus fungsi dan kuat tekan scaffold hidroksiapatit-gelatin-propolis yang dibuat melalui metode freeze-dry dari larutan hidroksiapatit-gelatin dengan tambahan propolis 4, 6, dan 10% Metode: Scaffold Hidroksiapatit-Gelatin-Propolis dengan konsentrasi kandungan propolis 4%, 6%, dan 10% yang telah dihasilkan kemudian diuji menggunakan Universal Testing Machine Shimadzu AGS-5kNX untuk mengetahui kuat tekannya. Selanjutnya, Scaffold Hidroksiapatit-Gelatin-Propolis dikarakterisasi dengan Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) dan dilihat gugus fungsi yang terdapat didalamnya. Hasil: Karakterisasi FTIR menunjukkan puncak serapan ion fosfat yang rendah pada kelompok sampel Scaffold Hidroksiapatit- Gelatin-Propolis dan kelompok kontrol. Kelompok sampel Scaffold Hidroksiapatit-Gelatin- Propolis memiliki kuat tekan yang lebih rendah dibanding kelompok kontrol. Kesimpulan: Hidroksiapatit tidak terbentuk pada kelompok kontrol dan kelompok Scaffold Hidroksiapatit- Gelatin-Propolis. Semakin tinggi kandungan propolis dalam Scaffold Hidroksiapatit-Gelatin- Propolis, semakin rendah kuat tekannya.

---

Background: When tissue get damaged or degenerated, to replace it, new tissue treatment is needed. In designing materials for tissue engineering, materials that have mechanical properties that are resistant to in vivo are needed. Hydroxyapatite is widely used as a tissue engineering material because it is bioactive. Propolis contains Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Esters (CAPE) which can stimulate tissue growth. Purpose: To evaluate characterization of functional group and compressive strength Hydroxyapatite-Gelatin-Propolis Scaffold that is made by freeze-drying method from hydroxyapatite-gelatin solution with addition of 4, 6, 10% propolis. Methods: Hydroxyapatite-Gelatin-Propolis Scaffold with 4%, 6%, and 10% propolis concentration that has been generated were tested using Universal Testing Machine Shimadzu AGS-5kNX to find out the compression strength. Furthermore, Hydroxyapatite- Gelatin-Propolis Scaffold were characterized using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) and the functional groups were observed. Result: FTIR Characterization showed low intensity of phosphate ion absorption peak in Hydroxyapatite-Gelatin-Propolis Scaffold specimens and control specimen. Hydroxyapatite-Gelatin-Propolis Scaffold specimens had lower compressive strength than control specimens. Conclusion: Hydroxyapatite was not formed in control specimens and Hydroxyapatite-Gelatin-Propolis Scaffold specimens. The higher the propolis content in the Hydroxyapatite-Gelatin-Propolis Scaffold, the lower the compressive strength."