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Nafisah Khanun
Analisis Efek Cell-Free Spent Media Streptococcus Sanguinis Terhadap Interaksi Mixed Species Biofilm Streptococcus Mutans dan Candida Albicans = Analysis of the Effect Cell-Free Spent Media Streptococcus Sanguinis on the Interaction of Mixed Species Biofilm Streptococcus Mutans and Candida Albicans
"Latar Belakang: Terdapat berbagai spesies bakteri yang berkoloni di dalam rongga mulut antara lain S.mutans merupakan bakteri penyebab utama karies gigi dan begitu pula C.albicans. Perkembangan kedua mikroorganisme ini saling berinteraksi berperan pada pembentukan karies gigi dan memiliki hubungan sinergisme. Terdapat S.sanguinis dapat pembentukan plak gigi mengakibatkan karies dan gingivitis. S.sanguinis memiliki efek antagonis terhadap S.mutans. Adapun hubungan S.sanguinis meningkatkan biomassa dan aktivitas metabolik pada biofilm C.albicans. Belum ada penelitian yang membuktikan apakah S.sanguinis dapat memberikan efek antagonis (menghambat) yang sama terhadap interaksi S.mutans dan C.albicans yang memiliki hubungan sinergistik. Dapat digunakan cell free-spent medium yang merupakan medium sisa hasil kultur bakteri yang telah disentrifugasi dan filter sehingga hanya tersisa produk ekskresi S.sanguinis sebagai intervensi untuk melihat pengaruh konsentrasi protein Streptococcus sanguinis terhadap dual-spesiesS.mutans dan C.albicans.
Tujuan: Mengetahui efek cell-free spent media S.sanguinis terhadap interaksi mixed species biofilm C.albicans dan S.mutans.
Metode Digunakan uji Bradford untuk menetapkan total konsentrasi protein, uji Crystal Violet untuk menetapkan pembentukan massa biofilm, dan uji Total Plate Count untuk menetapkan viabilitas spesies. Masing-masing perlakuan dibedakan berdasarkan konsentrasi spent medium 100%, 10%, dan 1%, serta waktu inkubasi 3 jam, 24 jam, dan 48 jam.
Hasil: Analisis dari uji statistik terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada pembentukan massa biofilm dual-spesies S. mutans dan C.albicans berdasarkan konsentrasi protein dan waktu inkubasinya.Serta tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada viabilitas biofilm S.mutans dan C.albicans berdasarkan konsentrasi protein dan waktu.
Kesimpulan: Konsentrasi protein dan waktu inkubasi dapat mempengaruhi pembentukan massa biofilm pada dual-spesies S.mutans dan C.albicans, yang didukung secara statistik karena terdapat perbedaan bermakna. Sedangkan pada uji viabilitas biofilm, baik berdasarkan konsentrasi protein maupun waktu inkubasi dapat mempengaruhi viabilitas biofilm S.mutans dan C.albicans, namun tidak didukung secara statistik karena tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna. Terdapat efek cell-free spent media S.sanguinis yaitu menghambat pembentukan massa biofilm pada kombinasi biofilm S.mutans dan C.albicans.
Background: There are various species of bacteria that colonize in the oral cavity, including S.mutans is the main bacteria causing dental caries and C.albicans. The development of these two interacting microorganisms plays a role in the formation of dental caries and has a synergistic relationship. There is S.sanguinis bacteria forming dental plaque resulting in caries and gingivitis. S.sanguinis has an antagonistic effect against S.mutans. The relationship between S.sanguinis increased biomass and metabolic activity in C.albicans biofilms. There has been no research that proves whether S.sanguinis can provide the same antagonistic effect on the interaction of S.mutans and C.albicans which has a synergistic relationship. Cell free-spent medium can be used which is the remaining medium from filtered bacterial culture so that only S.sanguinis excretion products remain as an intervention to see the effect of protein concentration. S.sanguinis against dual-species S.mutans and C.albicans
Objective: To determine the effect of cell-free spent media S.sanguinis on the interaction of mixed species biofilm C.albicans and S.mutans.
Methods: The Bradford test was used to determine the total protein concentration, the Crystal Violet test to determine the mass formation of the biofilm, and the Total Plate Count test to determine the viability of the species. Each treatment was differentiated based on protein concentration spent medium 100%, 10%, and 1%, as well as incubation time of 3 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours.
Results: From analysis statistic test there was a significant difference in the mass formation of dual-species S.mutans and C.albicans biofilms based on protein concentration and incubation time. And there was no significant difference in the viability of S.mutans and C.albicans biofilms based on protein concentration and incubation time.
Conclusion: Protein concentration and incubation time can affect the formation of biofilm mass in dual-species S.mutans and C.albicans, which is supported statistically because there is a significant difference. Meanwhile, the biofilm viability test, both based on protein concentration and incubation time, could affect the biofilm viability of S.mutans and C.albicans, but it was not statistically supported because there was no significant difference. There is an effect of cell-free spent media S.sanguinis which inhibits the formation of biofilm mass in the combination of S.mutans and C.albicans biofilms."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2021
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Agisti Rafifah Ekaputri
Efek cell-free spent media streptococcus gordonii terhadap interaksi streptococcus mutans dan candida albicans sebagai dual-species biofilm = Effect of cell-free spent media streptococcus gordonii on the interaction of streptococcus mutans and candida albicans as dual-species biofilm
"Latar Belakang: Dalam biofilm, interaksi antar spesies dapat menjadi sinergis karena keberadaan satu organisme dapat meningkatkan kolonisasi organisme lain. Di antara spesies ini adalah jamur Candida albicans dan spesies bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Candida albicans memiliki kemampuan untuk berkoagregasi dengan berbagai bakteri mulut, termasuk sebagian besar spesies dari kelompok streptokokus viridans, salah satunya berkoagregasi bersama dengan Streptococcus gordonii untuk membentuk biofilm dan interaksinya dalam biofilm mukosa dapat menyebabkan sinergi pathogen.
Tujuan: Menganalisis efek cell-free spent medium Streptococcus gordonii terhadap interaksi Streptococcus mutans dan Candida albicans berdasarkan waktu inkubasi dan konsentrasi protein.
Metode: Menggunakan uji Crystal Violet Assay untuk mengetahui massa biofilm dual-species yang terbentuk dalam satuan optical density, uji Total Plate Count untuk mengetahui viabilitas Streptococcus mutans dan Candida albicans dalam satuan CFU/mL. Selain itu dilakukan juga pengamatan morfologi biofilm dual spesies dengan Inverted Microscope.
Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada pembentukan massa biofilm dual-species Streptococcus mutans dan Candida albicans berdasarkan konsentrasi protein dan waktu inkubasinya. Serta tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada viabilitas Streptococcus mutans dan Candida albicans berdasarkan konsentrasi protein dan waktu inkubasinya.  
Kesimpulan: Konsentrasi protein yang terkandung dalam spent medium Streptococcus gordonii dan waktu inkubasi dapat mempengaruhi pembentukan massa biofilm pada dual-species Streptococcus mutans dan Candida albicans, yang didukung secara statistik. Sedangkan pada hasil uji viabilitas biofilm, baik berdasarkan konsentrasi protein maupun waktu inkubasi tidak mempengaruhi viabilitas Streptococcus mutans dan Candida albicans.
Background: In biofilm, interaction between species can be synergistic because the existence of one organism can increase the colonization of other organisms. Among these species is Candida Albicans mushrooms and streptococcus mutans bacterial species. Candida Albicans has the ability to coagegate with various oral bacteria, including most species of the Streptococcal Viridans group, one of which is widely coagged together with Streptococcus Gordonii to form biofilms and their interactions in mucous biofilms can cause pathogen synergy.
Objective: Analyzing the Cell-Free Spent Medium Streptococcus Gordonii effect on Streptococcus mutans and Candida Albicans interactions are based on incubation time and protein concentration.
Method: Using the Crystal Violet Assay test to find out the mass of dual-species biofilms formed in the Optical Density Unit, the total plate count test to determine the viability of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans in the CFU/ML unit. In addition, there is also a dual biofilm morphology observation of species with inverted microscope.
Results: The mass of biofilm dual-species Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans based on protein concentration and incubation time. And there is no significant difference in the viability of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans based on protein concentration and incubation time. Conclusion: The concentration of the protein contained in the Spent Medium Streptococcus Gordonii and the incubation time can affect the formation of biofilm masses in the dual-species of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans, which are statistically supported. While in the biofilm viability test results, both based on protein concentration and incubation time do not affect the viability of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Univeritas Indonesia, 2021
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Vincent Geraldy Junior
Analisis Pengaruh Cell Free Spent Media Streptococcus salivarius Terhadap Pertumbuhan Biofilm Kombinasi Candida Albicans dan Streptococcus Mutans = Analysis of the Effect of Streptococcus Salivarius Cell Free Spent Media on Growth of Candida Albicans and Streptococcus Mutans Biofilm
"Latar Belakang: Hubungan sinergistik antara bakteri etiologi karies Streptococcus mutans dan jamur patogen Candida albicans merupakan salah satu faktor yang berperan dalam memperparah penyakit karies. Selain itu, bakteri komensal Streptococcus salivarius telah dilaporkan dapat mempengaruhi pembentukan biofilm Streptococcus mutans dan Candida albicans ketika dikultur bersama-sama. Streptococcus salivarius telah diobservasi mampu menganggu sistem quorum sensing dari Streptococcus mutans dan mencegah perubahan morfologi Candida albicans dari ragi menjadi hifa.
Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh keberadaan whole protein Streptococcus salivarius terhadap pertumbuhan biofilm Streptococcus mutans dan Candida albicans dalam berbagai konsentrasi dan waktu.
Metode: Dilakukan uji pembentukan biofilm Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 dan Candida albicans ATCC 10231 yang dipaparkan whole protein hasil metabolit Streptococcus salivarius ATCC 9222 dalam konsentrasi yang bervariasi (1%, 10%, 100%). Kemudian biofilm diinkubasi dengan durasi 3 jam, 24 jam, dan 48 jam untuk melihat efek keberadaan protein terhadap fase pembentukkan biofilm. Uji massa biofilm dilakukan dengan menggunakan crystal violet assay. Pengamatan dengan mikroskop cahaya dilakukan untuk mengobservasi morfologi biofilm. Perbandingan jumlah sel viabel Streptococcus mutans dan Candida albicans diuji dengan metode total plate count.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat indikasi jika whole protein hasil metabolit Streptococcus salivarius menghambat pertumbuhan biofilm Streptococcus mutans dan Candida albicans bergantung pada konsentrasi protein dan waktu inkubasi biofilm.
Background: Commensal bacteria Streptococcus salivarius has been reported to influence Streptococcus mutans or Candida albicans when cultured together.
Objective: To analyze the effect of the presence of Streptococcus salivarius whole protein on the growth of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans dual-species biofilms in various concentrations and at various times representing the stage of biofilm formation.
Method: Biofilm formation assay was conducted for biofilm consisting of Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. The exposure to whole protein from the metabolite of Streptococcus salivarius ATCC 9222 was done by infusing the spent medium in varying protein concentrations. Then the biofilm was incubated with varying duration to see the effect of the protein on different phase of biofilm formation. Biofilm mass measurement was carried out using crystal violet assay. Microscope observations were done to observe the morphology of the biofilm. Comparison of the number of viable cells between Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans was done with total plate count method.
Conclusion: There is an indication that the whole protein metabolite of Streptococcus salivarius inhibits the growth of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans dual species biofilms depending on protein concentration and biofilm phase."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2022
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Satya Sadana Vranken
Pengaruh Cell-Free Spent Medium Actinomyces Naeslundii Terhadap Biofilm Koagregasi Candida Albicans dan Streptococcus Mutans = Effects of Actinomyces Naeslundii Derived Cell-Free Spent Medium on the Biofilm of Coaggregated Candida Albicans and Streptococcus Mutans
"Latar Belakang: Streptococcus mutans dan Candida albicans merupakan dua mikroba rongga mulut yang mengalami koagregasi dan membuat biofilm dual-spesies, menjadi suatu mekanisme untuk membantu keselamatan mereka. Actinomyces naeslundii juga dapat dijumpai dalam lingkungan oral dan telah dibuktikan dapat menjadi inhibitor biofilm tersebut. Spent medium mengandung metabolit sel, sehingga filtrasi medium tersebut dapat menuju pada perolehan protein tanpa adanya sel mikroba.
Tujuan: Mengevaluasi efek protein yang disekresikan Actinomyces naeslundii terhadap biofilm koagregasi Streptococcus mutans dan Candida albicans.
Metode: Analisa kualitatif dengan observasi inverted microscope dan observasi koloni mikroba dalam agar BHI, serta SDA. Analisa kuantitatif melalui uji statistik dan observasi data uji biomassa dengan Crystal Violet Assay dan viabilitas dengan Total Plate Count, yang dilakukan dalam agar BHI dan SDA. Eksperimen dilakukan dengan variabel independen waktu inkubasi 3 jam (fase inisial), 24 jam (fase pre-maturasi), dan 48 jam (fase maturasi), serta konsentrasi protein 1%, 10%, dan 100%.
Hasil: Perbedaan bermakna secara statistik hanya ditemukan pada komparasi biomassa berdasarkan waktu inkubasi 3 jam-48 jam pada konsentrasi protein 1% dan 3 jam-48 jam, serta 34 jam-48 jam dengan konsentrasi protein 10%. Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna secara statistik pada biomassa berdasarkan konsentrasi protein, maupun viabilitas berdasarkan waktu inkubasi atau konsentrasi protein.
Kesimpulan: Protein Actinomyces naeslundii dapat reduksi biomassa biofilm koagregasi Streptococcus mutans dan Candida Albicans pada fase inisial pembentukan biofilm, tanpa reduksi jumlah koloni mikroba. Diasumsikan terjadi reduksi komponen matriks EPS, tanpa reduksi sel mikroba.
Background: Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans are oral microbes that can coaggregate into a dual-species biofilm, creating a mechanism to help their survival. Actinomyces naeslundii can also be discovered in the oral microflora, and proven to act as an inhibitor towards said biofilm. Spent medium contains cell metabolites, so that if filtered, said medium can lead to protein acquisition without the presence of microbes.
Purpose: To examine the effect of proteins secreted from Actinomyces naeslundii towards the coaggregated biofilm of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans.
Methods: Qualitative analysis through inverted microscope and direct observation of microbial colonies on BHI and SDA agar mediums. Quantitative analysis was done statistically and by observing data discovered from biomass evaluation with Crystal Violet assay and viability testing with Total Plate Count on BHI and SDA agar. The experiment was carried out with the independent variables being the incubation period of 3 hours (initial phase), 24 hours (pre-maturation phase), and 48 hours (maturation phase), along with protein concentrations of 1%, 10%, and 100%.
Results: Statistically significant difference during biomass comparison of 3 and 48 hours with 1% protein concentration, as well as 3 and 48 hours, 24 and 48 hours with 10% protein concentration. No other statistical differences were found.
Conclusion: Actinomyces naeslundii protein can reduce the biomass of coaggregated Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans biofilm during the initial stage of biofilm formation, without reducing microbial colonies. It is assumed that there is reduction in EPS matrix components, without microbial cell reduction."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2021
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Dian Oktavia
Analisis Protein Saliva Early Childhood Caries terhadap Pembentukan Biofilm Streptococcus mutans serta Kombinasi Streptococcus mutans dan Candida albicans di Rongga Mulut = Analysis of Saliva Protein Early Childhood Caries on Biofilm Formation of Streptococcus mutans and Combination of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans in the Oral Cavity
"Latar belakang: ECC menjadi masalah serius di Indonesia dan Dunia. Terdapat 3
komponen ECC, yaitu gigi, mikroba, serta lingkungan rongga mulut yang dalam hal ini
yaitu protein saliva. Penyebab dari ECC sendiri yaitu bakteri Streptococcus mutans.
Tidak hanya itu, Candida albicans sering dihubungkan dengan Streptococcus mutans
pada plak ECC. Namun, adanya riset di mana Candida albicans cenderung mengurangi
sifat kariogenik Streptococcus mutans menarik untuk diteliti. Tujuan: menganalisis
peran protein saliva ECC terhadap pertumbuhan biofilm Streptococcus mutans dan
Streptococcus mutans dan Candida albicans (atau dual-spesies) di rongga mulut.
Metode: Setiap sampel dilakukan uji SDS-Page untuk melihat apakah terdapat
perbedaan profil protein antar setiap sampel. Lalu, sampel dilakukan pengenceran
menjadi 3 konsentrasi, kemudian diinkubasi bersama dengan Streptococcus mutans
serta dual-spesies di dalam 96-well plate selama 24 jam dan 48 jam secara anaerob.
Lalu, masing-masing biofilm dilakukan uji Crystal Violet Staining (untuk mendapatkan
nilai Optical density) serta Total Plate Count. Hasil: Tidak terdapat perbedaan profil
protein antara saliva ECC dengan laju alir saliva <30 detik, 30-60 detik, 30-60 detik
bebas ECC. Pada variabel konsentrasi protein, terdapat perbedaan dan kenaikan nilai
rerata pada nilai Optical density biofilm pada Streptococcus mutans dan dual-spesies.
Tidak terdapat perbedaan secara statistik antara konsentrasi protein saliva dengan
viabilitas mikroba pada biofilm Streptococcus mutans dan dual-spesies meski nilai
rerata menunjukkan penurunan viabilitas mikroba. Pada biofilm Streptococcus mutans
dan dual-spesies, tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada hasil uji Optical density dan
viabilitas mikroba berdasarkan variabel waktu inkubasi biofilm. Meski nilai rerata
menunjukkan adanya penurunan pada Optical density Streptococcus mutans, kenaikan
pada viabilitas mikroba Streptococcus mutans, dan kenaikan pada Optical density
sekaligus viabilitas mikroba dual-spesies, namun tidak memengaruhi nilai
komparasinya. Kesimpulan: Protein saliva dapat memengaruhi pembentukan biofilm
baik Streptococcus mutans maupun kombinasi dual-spesies Streptococcus mutans
dengan Candida albicans. Waktu inkubasi biofilm tidak dapat memengaruhi
pembentukan biofilm Streptococcus mutans maupun kombinasi dual-spesies
Streptococcus mutans dengan Candida albicans
Background: ECC is a serious problem in Indonesia and the world. There are 3
components of ECC, namely teeth, microbes, and the oral environment, in this case
salivary protein. The cause of ECC itself is Streptococcus mutans. Not only that,
Candida albicans is often associated with Streptococcus mutans in ECC plaques.
However, the research in which Candida albicans tends to reduce the cariogenic
properties of Streptococcus mutans is interesting. Purpose: to analyze the role of the
ECC salivary protein on the growth of Streptococcus mutans and combination of
Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans (or dual-species) biofilms in the oral cavity.
Methods: Each sample was subjected to an SDS-Page test to see if there were
differences in protein profiles between each sample. Then, the sample was diluted into 3
concentrations, then incubated together with Streptococcus mutans and dual-species in
96-well plates for 24 hours and 48 hours anaerobically. Then, each biofilm was
subjected to a Crystal Violet Staining test (to obtain Optical density value) and Total
Plate Count. Results: There was no difference in protein profile between salivary ECC
with salivary flow rates <30 seconds, 30-60 seconds, ECC-free 30-60 seconds. In the
protein concentration variable, there were differences and an increase in trend lines in
the Optical density value of biofilms in Streptococcus mutans and dual-species. There
was no statistical difference between salivary protein concentrations and microbial
viability in Streptococcus mutans and dual-species biofilms, although the trend line
showed a decrease in microbial viability. In Streptococcus mutans and dual-species
biofilms, there were no significant differences in the Optical density test results and
microbial viability based on the biofilm incubation time variables. Although the trend
line showed a decrease in Optical density Streptococcus mutans, an increase in
microbial viability of Streptococcus mutans, and an increase in Optical density as well
as dual-species microbial viability, it did not affect the comparative value. Conclusion:
Salivary protein can influence biofilm formation for both Streptococcus mutans and the
dual-species combination of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. Biofilm
incubation time could not affect the biofilm formation of both Streptococcus mutans
and the dual-species combination of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans"
Depok: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2021
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Agnes Maureen Senjaya
Pengaruh Pemberian Obat Kumur Propolis 5% Terhadap Pertumbuhan Biofilm Dan Interaksi Bakteri Pada Biofilm Dual Spesies Streptococcus Mutans Dan Streptococcus Sanguinis (In Vitro) = Effect Of 5% Propolis Mouthwash On Biofilm Growth And Bacterial Interaction In Biofilms Of Dual Species Streptococcus Mutans And Streptococcus Sanguinis (In Vitro)
"Latar Belakang: Propolis merupakan bahan alami yang mulai digemari dalam kedokteran gigi. Secara komersial, propolis dapat dijadikan dalam bentuk obat kumur. Sifat anti-bakterial pada propolis memiliki efek kariostatik sehingga mampu untuk mencegah proses terjadinya karies. Bakteri Streptococcus sanguinis adalah bakteri komensal yang ditemukan pada rongga mulut yang dikaitkan dengan biofilm sehat. Sedangkan, bakteri penyebab utama karies adalah Streptococcus mutans. Keduanya berinteraksi secara antagonis, dimana rasio kedua bakteri pada rongga mulut diyakini dapat menentukan tingkat terjadi karies seseorang.
Tujuan: Menetapkan pengaruh pemberian obat kumur propolis 5% terhadap pertumbuhan biofilm dan interkasi pada biofilm dual-spesies Streptococcus mutans dan Streptococcus sanguinis. 
Metode: Digunakan uji Crystal Violet untuk menentukan massa dan persentase pertumbuhan biofilm, serta persentase inhibisi obat kumur propolis 5%. 
Hasil: Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada massa biofilm yang terbentuk antara intervensi obat kumur propolis 5% dibandingkan kontrol negatif.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat interaksi antagonis antara bakteri Streptococcus mutans dan Streptococcus sanguinis, serta tidak adanya pengaruh pemberian obat kumur propolis 5% terhadap interaksi antagonis kedua bakteri. Obat kumur propolis 5% mampu menurunkan massa biofilm dual-spesies Streptococcus mutans dan Streptococcus sanguinis. Akan tetapi, obat kumur propolis 5% tidak dapat menghentikan pertumbuhan biofilm dual-spesies tersebut.
Introduction: Propolis is a natural substance that’s gaining popularity in dentistry. Commercially, propolis can be used in the form of mouthwash. The anti-bacterial properties of propolis have a cariostatic effect to prevent caries. Streptococcus sanguinis bacteria are commensal bacteria found in the oral cavity. Meanwhile, the main cause of caries is Streptococcus mutans. Both of them interact antagonistically, where the ratio of the two in the oral cavity is believed to determine the level of caries occurrence of a person. 
Objective: To determine the effect of 5% propolis mouthwash on biofilm growth and interactions in dual-species Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis biofilms. 
Method: The Crystal Violet Assay was used to determine the mass and proportion of biofilm growth, as well as the percentage of inhibition of 5% propolis mouthwash. 
Results: There was no significant difference in the mass of the biofilm formed between the 5% propolis mouthwash intervention and the negative control. 
Conclusion: There is an antagonistic interaction between Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis bacteria, and there is no effect of 5% propolis mouthwash on this interaction. 5% propolis mouthwash was able to reduce biofilm mass of dual-species Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis biofilms. However, 5% propolis mouthwash could not stop the growth of the dual-species biofilm."
Depok: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2022
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Ajrina Busri
Efek antibakteri ekstrak etanol temulawak terhadap dual species streptococcus mutans dan streptococcus sanguinis (in vitro) = Antibacterial effect of java tumeric ethanol extract against dual species streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sanguinis (in vitro)
"Latar belakang: Kadar Bunuh Minimal (KBM) ekstrak etanol temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb.) terhadap Streptococcus mutans 25% dan 15% terhadap Streptococcus sanguinis single species (in vitro). Streptococcus mutans dan Streptococcus sanguinis saling berkompetisi untuk memperoleh nutrisi.
Tujuan: Menganalisis efek antibakteri ekstrak etanol temulawak terhadap dual species Streptococcus in vitro.
Metode: Uji antibakteri dengan metode perhitungan koloni dan kuantifikasi dengan Real-time PCR. Analisis data menggunakan Kruskal Wallis, Mann-Whitney dan Unpaired T-test.
Hasil: KHM ekstrak etanol temulawak terhadap dual species Streptococcus 0,2% dan KBM 10%. Di dalam biofilm dual species Streptococcus, proporsi S.mutans lebih tinggi daripada S. sanguinis (p<0.05).
Simpulan: Konsentrasi efektif ekstrak etanol temulawak sebagai antibakteri terhadap S.mutans dan S.sanguinis dalam dual species lebih rendah dari pada terhadap kedua bakteri tersebut sebagai single species. Di dalam biofilm dual species, S. sanguinis lebih sensitif terhadap ekstrak temulawak daripada S.mutans.
Background: Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of Java turmeric (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb.) ethanol extract against Streptococcus mutans is 25% and 15% against Streptococcus sanguinis. In dental biofilm S.mutans and S.sanguinis competes each other to obtain nutrients.
Objectives: Analize the antibacterial effect of Java tumeric ethanol extract (MIC and MBC) against dual species Streptococcus in vitro.
Methods: Antibacteria activity of the extract was analyzed by measuring the growth of the bacteria after being exposed to the extract by counting colony formation and by quantifying the existing bacterial cell number using real-time PCR. Statistic analysis using Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney test and Unpaired t-test.
Results: The MIC of the extract was 0,2% and the MBC was 10%. After exposure of the extract to the dual species biofilm, the growth of S.mutans was higher than S.sanguinis (p<0,05).
Conclutions: Java tumeric ethanol extract is more effective against S.mutans and S.sanguinis as dual species Streptococcus than as single species. S.sanguinis is more sensitive to Java tumeric ethanol extract than S. mutans."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2013
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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I Gusti Ayu Bella
Efek protein saliva spesifik dan non spesifik candida albicans dari subjek anak dewasa dan lansia dalam pembentukan biofilm streptococcus sobrinus in vitro = The effect of specific and non specific salivary protein to candida albicans in children adults and elderly on streptococcus sobrinus biofilm formation in vitro
"Protein saliva merupakan pertahanan rongga mulut primer.
Tujuan: Menganalisis perbedaan konsentrasi total protein saliva, efek protein saliva spesifik dan nonspesifik C. albicans dalam pembentukan biofilm S. sobrinus in vitro.
Metode: Uji Bradford dan uji crystal violet.
Hasil: Perbedaan konsentrasi total protein saliva tidak bermakna (p>0.05). Peningkatan pembentukan biofilm S. sobrinus pada protein spesifik C. albicans pada ketiga kelompok saat 6 jam (p≤0.05). Peningkatan pembentukan biofilm S. sobrinus pada protein saliva non-spesifik C. albicans pada ketiga kelompok saat 18 jam (p≤0.05).
Simpulan: Konsentrasi total protein saliva tidak berbeda. Protein spesifik C. albicans meningkatkan adhesi bakteri S. sobrinus. Protein saliva non-spesifik C. albicans meningkatkan pertumbuhan bakteri S. sobrinus.
Salivary protein is oral cavity's first-line defense.
Objectives: Analyzing the total salivary protein concentration?s difference, specific and non-specific salivary protein to Candida albicans? effects on Streptococccus sobrinus biofilm formation in vitro.
Methods: Bradford protein assay and crystal violet assay.
Results: No significant difference in total salivary protein (p>0.05). In all groups, S. sobrinus biofilm formation on specific salivary protein to C. albicans increases, when incubated for 6 hours (p≤0.05), and on non-specific salivary protein to C. albicans increases when incubated for 18 hours (p≤0.05).
Conclusion: No difference in total salivary protein concentrations. Specific protein to C. albicans enhances S. sobrinus adhesion. Non-specific protein to C. albicans enhances S. sobrinus growth."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2015
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Jemmy
Efek pasta gigi ekstrak propolis terhadap biofil streptococcus mutans secara in vitro = Effect of propolis-extract in toothpaste on streptococcus mutans biofilm in vitro
"Latar Belakang: Pasta gigi merupakan bahan semi-aqueous yang digunakan untuk menjaga kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Pada umumnya, zat aktif yang dikandung dalam pasta gigi terbuat dari bahan sintetik. Namun, bahan tersebut dapat menimbulkan efek samping sehingga dibutuhkan bahan dengan efek samping yang lebih sedikit. Propolis merupakan suatu substansi resin yang memiliki sifat antibakterial dan aman terhadap tubuh sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti bahan sintetik yang dapat meminimalkan efek samping yang terjadi.
Tujuan Penelitian: Menganalisis pengaruh paparan pasta gigi ekstrak propolis dan pasta gigi non-propolis terhadap pertumbuhan biofilm S. mutans ATCC 25175.
Metode Penelitian: Pembentukan biofilm dilakukan dengan kultur S. mutans ATCC 25175 ke dalam well yang telah berisi pelikel. Pasta gigi ekstrak propolis dan non-propolis dimasukkan ke dalam well, serta diinkubasi selama 3 jam dan 18 jam. Uji kristal violet dan uji OpenCFU dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi total biomassa.
Hasil Penelitian: Pada inkubasi 3 jam, tidak terlihat adanya penurunan biomassa baik pada pasta gigi ekstrak propolis maupun non-propolis. Namun, penurunan biomassa terlihat pada kedua jenis pasta gigi setelah inkubasi 18 jam.
Kesimpulan: Paparan pasta gigi ekstrak propolis dalam durasi yang lama mampu menurunkan biomassa S. mutans ATCC 25175 dan menghambat pembentukan biofilm.
Background: Toothpaste was a semi-aqueous material that is used to maintain dental and oral hygiene. Commonly, the active ingredients contained in toothpastes were made from synthetic ingredients. However, these ingredients may causes several adverse effect, therefore a biocompatible ingredient is required to minimize the adverse effect. Propolis is a resin substance that has antibacterial properties and non-toxic to the body. Thus, propolis can be used as an active substance in toothpaste to minimize the adverse effects caused by synthetic toothpaste.
Aim: To analyze the effect of propolis extract and nonpropolis toothpaste exposure toward S. mutans biofilm ATCC 25175 growth.
Method: S. mutans ATCC 25175 culture was added to the well that already contained pellicle to make biofilm. Both toothpaste was added into the well and incubated for 3 h and 18 h. Crystal violet and OpenCFU method was used to measure total biomass of S. mutans ATCC 25175 biofilm.
Result: After 3 hours incubation, there was no reduction in biomass in both toothpaste. However, biomass reduction was seen in both toothpaste after incubation of 18 hours.
Conclusion: Long duration of exposure to propolis extract toothpaste may reduce biomass of S. mutans ATCC 25175 and inhibit biofilm formation."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2018
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Novia Khoirunnisa
Pengaruh nano silver fluoride terhadap viabilitas streptococcus mutans dalam berbagai fase pembentukan biofilm = The effect of nano silver fluoride to the viability of streptococcus mutans in various phases of biofilm formation
"Latar Belakang: Nano Silver Fluoride NSF memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap Streptococcus mutans bakteri penyebab karies.
Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh NSF terhadap viabilitas S.mutans dalam berbagai fase pembentukan biofilm.
Metode: Biofilm S.mutans diinkubasi selama 4 jam fase adhesi, 12 jam fase akumulasi aktif dan 24 jam fase maturasi pada suhu 37 C. Ketiga model biofilm dipapar NSF dengan konsentrasi Ag 0,4 F- 2,26, Ag 0,9 F- 2,26, Ag 1,4 F- 2,26, Ag 1,9 F- 2,26 selama 1 jam. Persentase viabilitas dinilai dengan menggunakan MTT assay.
Hasil: Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna p>0,05 antara viabilitas biofilm pada fase adhesi, fase akumulasi aktif, ataupun fase maturasi.
Kesimpulan: NSF mampu menurunkan viabilitas biofilm S.mutans dalam berbagai fase pembentukan.
Background: Nano Silver Fluoride NSF has antibacterial effect against Streptococcus mutans that cause dental caries.
Objective: To analyze the effect of NSF on the viability of S.mutans in various phases of biofilm formation.
Methods: S.mutans biofilm was incubated for 4 hours adherence phase, 12 hours active accumulation phase and 24 hours maturation phase at 37 C then exposed by NSF at concentration Ag 0,4 F 2,26, Ag 0,9 F 2,26, Ag 1,4 F 2,26, Ag 1,9 F 2,26 for 1 hour. The percentage of viability was tested with MTT assay.
Result: Biofilm viability of S.mutans in various phases showed no significant difference p 0,05.
Conclusion: NSF can reduce the viability of S.mutans in various phases of biofilm formation."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2016
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