Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Visual grading analysis (VGA) relatif merupakan salah satu metode evaluasi kualitas citra dengan menilai struktur anatomi pada suatu citra dengan menggunakan skala multistep dimana pengamat memberikan penilaian dengan membandingkan citra yang akan dievaluasi dengan citra referensinya. Namun, perangkat lunak untuk metode VGA dengan penilaian relatif belum tersedia. Dengan demikian, pembuatan perangkat lunak yang bersifat: (1) mampu menampilkan citra dalam urutan berbeda untuk setiap pengamat dan menyimpan hasil penilaian secara terpisah, (2) memiliki fungsi panning, (3) fleksibel, dimana pengamat dapat menentukan kriteria yang sesuai, dan (4) hasil penilaian dapat diunduh dalam format yang sesuai untuk analisis selanjutnya. Perangkat lunak ini dibuat untuk observer study VGA dengan penilaian relatif, yang secara umum meliputi 2 modul: (1) modul layar dimana citra referensi sekaligus citra yang akan diuji ditampilkan secara berdampingan dan (2) modul penilaian, dimana informasi pengamat, kriteria evaluasi dan skor penilaian ditampilkan. Untuk pengembangan pertama, perangkat lunak ini hanya terfokus untuk studi yang tidak memungkinkan pengamat untuk menggunakan fitur pembesaran dan pengaturan window level dan window width agar setiap citra ditampilkan secara konsisten untuk setiap pengamat, mengurangi bias dan variabilitas, serta memastikan bahwa citra yang ditampilkan hanya dipengaruhi oleh parameter-parameter akusisinya. Selanjutnya, dilakukan tahap uji coba untuk memastikan seluruh fitur yang disediakan pada perangkat lunak dapat dijalankan dan berfungsi dengan baik. Pemilihan kombinasi parameter yang tepat untuk teknik DES double exposure pada pemeriksaan toraks menggunakan pesawat sinar-X radiografi dipilih untuk tahap uji coba perangkat lunak.

---

Relative visual grading analysis (VGA) is one of the image quality evaluation methods to grade a number of normal anatomical structures over an image in a multistep scale, where the observers grade the normal structures on the test images against those are displayed on a reference image. There are some limitations in evaluating image quality when data reading is performed manually. However, specific software for relative VGA has not yet been available. Therefore, a software which can provide several features to (1) display images in a random order for each observer and save its grades separately, (2) have a built-in function for panning mode, (3) offer flexibility, where the observer can define a set of criteria according to a particular study, and (4) export the results in a suitable format for further analysis, is produced. This software is dedicated to performing an observer study based on relative VGA, in which generally consists of 2 modules: (1) display module, where the test images and a reference image are displayed side by side and (2) assessment module, where the observer information, the assessment criteria and the scores option are shown. This work firstly focused on the development of software without allowing post-processing adjustments such as zooming mode and window settings in the VGA study. Thus, the difference observed on the images could be more likely due to the specific variation in acquisition parameters/technical factors set by the study. Next, the software was tested in order to ensure the functionalities and performances of all features provided by the software. A case study of choosing voltage combination for DES double exposure technique in thorax examination using general radiography was selected for software testing."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini membahas mengenai studi kelayakan material ekuivalen jaringan spesifik pada rentang energi radiodiagnostik 80 kV hingga 130 kV , yang dikontruksi menggunakan campuran bahan organik berupa tepung beras dan lilin batik gondorukem, cecek, parafin . Dari hasil studi pendahuluan, didapatkan 4 jenis komposisi material ekuivalen, yaitu material ekuivalen jaringan adiposa, jaringan otot, jaringan otak dan organ hati. Masing-masing komposisi material ekuivalen jaringan kemudian akan melalui dua jenis metode uji, yaitu metode Dual Energy Computed Tomography DECT untuk mengetahui karakteristik sampel melalui besaran Hounsfield Unit HU, dan metode stoikiometri menggunakan Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy EDS untuk mengetahui karakteristik sampel melalui susunan jenis atom. Masing-masing data dari kedua metode kemudian akan diolah hingga mendapat nilai densitas elektron ?e dan nomor atom efektif Zeff . Hasil kalkulasi untuk metode uji DECT pada material ekuivalen jaringan adiposa, jaringan otot, jaringan otak dan organ hati menunjukan kesalahan literatur minimum sebesar 0,605 ; 0,732 ; 0,751 ; 0,670 untuk densitas elektron ?e dan 26,345 ; 26,417 ; 25,089 ; 24,617 untuk nomor atom efektif Zeff. Sedangkan untuk metode Stoikiometri, pengukuran dianggap tidak akurat karena atom hidrogen yang tidak dapat terdeteksi. Dari hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa tingkat akurasi metode DECT lebih baik dibandingkan metode stoikiometri, dengan hasil analisa dari keempat sampel menunjukan kesesuaian respon terhadap jaringan target, namun hanya pada jenis energi tinggi 130kV.

---

ABSTRACTThis research discusses the feasibility study of tissue specific equivalent material in radiodiagnostic energy range 80 kV to 130 kV, that are made from organic mixtures rice flour and waxes for batik gondorukem, cecek, paraffin . From the preliminary study, we obtain four types of equivalent material compositions, which are equivalent to adipose, muscle, brain, and liver. Each of the compositions will be evaluated using two methods, which is Dual Energy Computed Tomography DECT method in order to discover characteristic through Hounsfield Unit HU scale, and Stoichiometry with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy EDS in order to discover characteristic through atoms composition. The test result then processed into the quantity of electron density e and effective atomic number Zeff . From DECT method, calculation of adipose, muscle, brain, and liver equivalent materials shows minimum literature error 0,605 0,732 0,751 0,670 for electron density e and 26,345 26,417 25,089 24,617 for effective atomic number Zeff . While for the Stoichiometric method, the measurement is considered inaccurate because the hydrogen atom cannot be detected. From these results, it can be concluded that the DECT method has better accuracy compared to stoichiometry method, which the four samples have a similar response that represents tissue target, but only when exposed with high energy 130kV ."

"Dual Energy Subtraction (DES) merupakan teknik pencitraan yang memanfaatkan kalsium untuk melemahkan energi foton yang lebih rendah dalam sinar-X yang menghasilkan dua gambar terpisah yaitu jaringan lunak pada dada dan tulang rusuk. Dalam memperoleh citra dari teknik Dual Energy Subtraction (DES) menggunakan radiografi digital dapat dibagi menjadi dua teknik terpisah yaitu single exposure dan double exposure. Studi ini menggunakan fantom Rando yang merepresentasikan anatomi thoraks dengan proyeksi Posterior-Anterior (PA). Dilakukan studi dengan menggunakan double exposure dengan memberikan variasi kombinasi tegangan kVp. Pada pengolahan data subtraksi citra didapatkan hasil yang signifikan pada variasi kombinasi tegangan sebesar 120 kVp dengan 60 kVp. Parameter Signal Difference to Noise Ratio (SDNR) dikalkulasi sebagai parameter kualitas citra yang akan diuji pada studi ini. Pada pengolahan data citra pada fantom Rando anatomi thoraks, nilai SDNR tertinggi pada variasi kombinasi tegangan 120 kVp dengan 60 kVp. Pada hubungan antara SDNR dengan dosis berpengaruh dalam optimasi dosis. Studi ini menunjukkan perlunya penelitian lebih lanjut untuk teknik single exposure dan variasi kombinasi faktor eksposi lain untuk menjadi perbandingan kedua teknik dan keperluan optimasi

---

Dual Energy Subtraction (DES) is an imaging technique that utilizes calcium to attenuate the lower energy photons in X-rays which produce two separate images of soft tissue in the chest and ribs. In obtaining images from the technique Dual Energy Subtraction (DES) using digital radiography it can be divided into two separate techniques, namely single exposure and double exposure. This study uses a Rando phantom which represents the thoracic anatomy with a Posterior-Anterior (PA) projection. Study was double exposure carried out by providing variations in the combination of kVp voltages. In image subtraction data processing, significant results were obtained at the variation of the voltage combination of 120 kVp to 60 kVp. The Signal Difference to Noise Ratio (SDNR) parameter is calculated as the image quality parameter to be tested in this study. In image data processing on the thoracic anatomical Rando phantom, the highest SDNR is at the variation of the voltage combination 120 kVp with 60 kVp. The relationship between SDNR and dose has an effect on dose optimization. This study shows the need for further research on techniques for single exposure and various combinations of other exposure factors to be a comparison of the two techniques and optimization needs"

"Latar belakang dan tujuan: Masalah osteoporosis merupakan masalah dalam kesehatan masyarakat terutama di negara berkembang. Kurangnya jumlah alat DXA menyebabkan minimnya penderita yang terdiagnosis dini osteoporosis dan mendapat terapi, hingga akhirnya mengalami patah tulang. Pengukuran indeks ketebalan korteks tulang radius distal merupakan parameter sederhana, objektif, dan mudah diterapkan, menggunakan radiografi konvensional yang berguna untuk memperkirakan kepadatan massa tulang, namun perlu dibuktikan korelasinya dengan nilai T-score. Metode: Uji korelatif dengan pendekatan potong lintang pada nilai indeks ketebalan korteks radius distal menggunakan radiografi konvensional dan T-score kolum femur menggunakan DXA berdasarkan database populasi Indonesia, terhadap 38 subjek penelitian, menggunakan data primer, dalam kurun waktu Desember 2016 sampai Mei 2017. Hasil: Uji korelasi Pearson antara indeks ketebalan korteks radius distal pada lokasi 1 dan 2 dengan nilai T-score kolum femur, didapatkan nilai koefisien korelasi r=0,46 p=0,096 untuk lokasi 1 dan r=0,45 p=0,093 untuk lokasi 2. Pada kelompok jenis kelamin perempuan, didapatkan nilai r=0,53 p

---

Background and objective: Osteoporosis is a problem in public health, especially in developing countries. DXA lacks of availability causing problem in osteoporosis early diagnosing and treatment until the occurance of bone fracture. Measurement of distal radius cortical thickness index using conventional radiography is a simple, objective and easy to applied methods for estimating bone density, but needs to be proven its correlation with T score.

Methods: A cross sectional correlation study between the cortical thickness index of distal radius by conventional radiography and T score of femoral neck by DXA based on population database in Indonesia, conducted in 38 subjects in the period of December 2016 to May 2017.

Result: Using the Pearson correlation test between the cortical thickness index of distal radius in two location with T score of femur column by DXA, we obtained coefficient correlation value of r 0,46 p 0,096 for location 1 dan r 0,45 p 0,093 for location 2. In the female group we obtained r 0,53 p 0,05 for location 1 and r 0,52 p 0,05 for location 2. Based on age group, r value for location 1 and 2 in 60 years age group is r 0,31 p 0,194 and r 0,32 p 179 for location 1 and 2, respectively.

Conclusion: There is a weak positive correlation between the cortical thickness index of distal radius by conventional radiography and T score of femoral neck by DXA."

"Tujuan: Meningkatkan peranan ultrasonografi sebagai alternatif Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) dalam menilai persentase lemak tubuh total secara akurat.Metode: Dari April hingga September 2020, terdapat 28 pasien dewasa (14 laki-laki, 14 perempuan) yang menjalankan pemeriksaan DXA untuk menilai persentase lemak tubuh total (%LT total) dan pemeriksaan ultrasonografi untuk mengukur tebal lemak subkutis (TLS) pada beberapa lokasi tubuh. Dilakukan uji korelasi antara TLS pada beberapa lokasi tubuh menggunakan ultrasonografi serta data antropometri (IMT, lingkar pinggang, lingkar paha tengah) dengan %LT total berdasarkan DXA pada kedua jenis kelamin. Selanjutnya, variabel yang memiliki korelasi kuat dipilih untuk dimasukkan dalam analisis regresi multipel untuk mendapatkan formula regresi untuk memprediksi %LT total pada masing-masing jenis kelamin.Hasil: Formula prediksi terbaik untuk menentukan %LT total pada laki-laki adalah %LT total = 13,7 + 5,5(TLS triceps) + 10,0(TLS paha depan); R2 0,91, sedangkan pada perempuan adalah %LT total = - 1,73 + 1,07(IMT) + 10,30(TLS paha depan); R2 0,88Kesimpulan: Pemeriksaan TLS menggunakan ultrasonografi dikombinasikan dengan pengukuran antropometri dapat direkomendasikan untuk memperkirakan %LT total secara akurat dengan formula yang berbeda pada kelompok laki-laki dan kelompok perempuan.

---

Objective: To improve the use of ultrasonography as an alternative way to Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) in assesing total body fat percentage (%BF) accurately.

Methods: From April to September 2020, there were 28 adult patients (14 male, 14 female) underwent DXA examination to assess %BF and ultrasonography examination to measure subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) at multiple sites. Correlation test was conducted between SFT sites using ultrasonography and anthropometric data (BMI, waist circumference, mid-thigh circumference) with %BF based on DXA in both genders. Furthermore, variables that had strong correlation were selected to be included in the multiple regression analysis in order to obtain a regression formula to predict the %BF for each gender.

Results: The best predictive formula to determine %BF for male is %BF = 13,7 + 5,5(SFT triceps) + 10,0(SFT quads); R2 0,91, while for female is %BF = - 1,73 + 1,07(BMI) + 10,30(SFT quads); R2 0,88. Conclusions: SFT examination using ultrasonography that is combined with anthropometric measurements can be recommended to estimate %BF accurately with different formulas in the male and female group."

""The book offers a comprehensive and user-oriented description of the theoretical and technical system fundamentals of computed tomography (CT) for a wide readership, from conventional single-slice acquisitions to volume acquisition with multi-slice and cone-beam spiral CT. It covers in detail all characteristic parameters relevant for image quality and all performance features significant for clinical application. Readers will thus be informed how to use a CT system to an optimum depending on the different diagnostic requirements. This includes a detailed discussion about the dose required and about dose measurements as well as how to reduce dose in CT. All considerations pay special attention to spiral CT and to new developments towards advanced multi-slice and cone-beam CT. For the third edition most of the contents have been updated and latest topics like dual source CT, dual energy CT, flat detector CT and interventional CT have been added. The enclosed CD-ROM again offers copies of all figures in the book and attractive case studies, including many examples from the most recent 64-slice acquisitions, and interactive exercises for image viewing and manipulation. This book is intended for all those who work daily, regularly or even only occasionally with CT: physicians, radiographers, engineers, technicians and physicists. A glossary describes all the important technical terms in alphabetical order. The enclosed DVD again offers attractive case studies, including many examples from the most recent 64-slice acquisitions, and interactive exercises for image viewing and manipulation"--Back cover."

"X-ray computed tomography (CT) has been playing an important role in current medical practice for diagnostic procedure. Beside its delicate technology, the 'hidden' software of CT image reconstruction has contributed almost half of total cost of a CT-scanner unit. Since Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (ART) is a basic to understand an iterative method of CT image reconstruction algortihm, and since it is difficult to find a clear description of fan beam ART algorithm in university literatures, it is important to develop an own algorithm and to begin a basic systematic research of this iterative method. After a long term of trial and error work, the research had succeded in developing an ART algorithm for third generation CT image reconstruction. By comparing the result of the research with more popular technique like Filtered Back Projection (FBP), the algorithm has been proved applicable to reconstruct a low dimension object matrix (32x32 and 64x64). By the resulted computer program, then basically a simple and low cost third generation CT-scanner can be designed for medical physics or biomedical imaging research. Finding a way of shortening the massive number of iterations process then, will be able to open the possibility of using the software for higher object matrix dimensions."

"Sistem penentuan sumber panas dengan metode tomografi menggunakan 36 sensor termometer digital DS18B20 telah dibuat dengan menggunakan mikrokontroler H8/3069F dengan komunikasi secara 1 wire. Komunikasi secara 1 wire ini memberi kemudahan dan penghematan penggunakan pin mikrokontroler sehingga pada penelitian ini hanya 1 pin mikrokontroler saja yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data yang terukur pada sensor sebanyak 36 secara bersamaan. Sistem ini menggunakan suatu ruang tertutup yaitu sebuah kotak inkubator berdimensi 60 x 40 x 40 cm. Graphical User Interface (GUI) yang dibuat dengan bahasa python digunakan untuk pengolahan data dan penampilan hasil keluaran sensor untuk kemudian disimpan dalam database MySQL. Data temperatur yang diperoleh pada sensor termometer digital DS18B20 dijadikan syarat batas oleh metode finite difference untuk menghasilkan data distribusi temperatur dan diolah menjadi sebuah grafik kontur yang dibuat dalam program wxPython dan Python GUI. Namun dengan pengolahan data menggunakan finite difference, hasilnya kurang baik sehingga dicoba pengolahan data menggunakan interpolasi kriging menggunakan software surfer. Grafik kontur yang dihasilkan adalah berupa hubungan antara letak sensor pada sumbu x dan y dengan temperatur yang terukur pada sumbu x dan y tersebut. Letak sumber panas yang dihasilkan adalah berupa sumbu koordinat x dan y yang menunjukan temperatur yang paling tinggi.

---

Determination system with the heat source tomography method using a digital thermometer sensor 36 has been made DS18B20 using H8/3069F microcontroller with 1 wire communication.1 wire communication gives convenience and economy, so the use of pin microcontroller in this study only 1 pin microcontroller are used to obtain measurable data on as many as 36 sensors simultaneously. This system uses an enclosed space that is an incubator box dimensions 60 x 40 x 40 cm. Graphical User Interface (GUI) that is made with python language used for data processing and viewing of the sensor output to then be stored in a MySQL database.Temperature data obtained on a digital thermometer sensor DS18B20 made by the boundary condition Finite difference methods to generate data on the distribution of temperature and processed into a contour graph created in the program GUI wxPython and Python. But with data processing using Finite difference, the result is not so good, so try using a data processing kriging interpolation using the software surfer. The resulting graph is the contour of the relationship between the location of sensors on the x and y axis with the temperature measured on the x axis and y are. Location of the source of heat is generated in the form of axis x and y coordinates that show the highest temperatures."

"Memberikan pelayanan medis terbaik dimana pasien dapat mendapatkan pelayanan cepat, tepat dan nyaman. Serta fasilitas, sistem pelayanan rumah sakit mengikuti perkembangan teknologi terbaru sebagai faktor kebutuhan. Jenis Penelitian Kualitatif. Arah penelitian mengenai kelayakan pengadaan alat CT Scan dianalisa dari beberapa aspek seperti Hukum, Pasar, Teknis Teknologi, Manajemen Organisasi, Keuangan. Dari kelima aspek dianalisis apakah dapat memenuhi terselenggaranya pengadaan alat.Hasil analisa didapatkan kelayakan pengadaan alat CT Scan. Dari kelima aspek didapatkan pengadaan alat CT Scan RS Hermina Palembang layak untuk diadakan. Pada pelaksanaannya, analisa ini dapat membantu untuk membuat perencanaan yang baik, guna mendukung kegiatan rumah sakit, agar bisa berjalan tepat sasaran.

---

Providing good services where patients get services quickly, accurately and comfortably during treatment. And facilities, hospital services system to keep track of the latest technology as a factor requirement. It is a qualititative research. Focus on using regarding the feasibility of CT Scan equipment procurement analyzed from several aspects such as Law, Markets, Technologies Technical, Organizational Management, Financial. The five aspects analyzed whether can meet the procurement implementation.The study result indicate that Feasibility analysis results obtained CT Scan equipment procurement. The fifth aspect of the procurement of CT scans obtained Hermina Hospital Palembang deserves to be held. In practice, this analysis can help to make a good plan, in order to support the activities of the hospital."

"Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan menggunakan desain potong lintang (comparative cross sectional) yang bertujuan untuk menilai dan membandingkan ketebalan lapisan serabut saraf retina/retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) peripapil antara kelompok normal dan kelompok glaukoma dengan cup disk ratio (CDR) vertikal 0,4 sampai dengan 0,7 di poliklinik mata Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) kirana. Sebanyak 40 mata kelompok normal dan 34 mata kelompok glaukoma mengikuti pemeriksaan Humphrey field analyzer dan Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). Kemudian ketebalan RNFL peripapil kelompok normal dan glaukoma dianalisis untuk mendapatkan perbandingan ketebalan RNFL peripapil antara kelompok normal dan glaukoma. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan hasil tidak ada perbedaan perubahan ketebalan lapisan serabut saraf retina peripapil seiring dengan penambahan CDR vertikal namun secara klinis ketebalan RNFL peripapil pada kelompok glaukoma lebih tipis dibandingkan kelompok normal dengan CDR vertikal yang sama kecuali pada kuadran temporal.

---

This was a comparative cross-sectional study. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness between the normal and glaucoma eyes with vertical cup disc ratio (CDR) 0.4 to 0.7 in eye clinic Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM) Kirana. A total of 40 eyes of normal group and 34 eyes of glaucoma following Humphrey field analyzer examination and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). Peripapillary RNFL thickness between normal and glaucoma eyes were analysed and compared each other. The result of this study was no difference in changes of peripapillary RNFL along with the progression of vertical CDR but clinically, peripapillary RFNL thickness in glaucoma group is thinner than that of normal group with the same vertical CDR except in temporal quadr."