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"Munculnya pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada pertumbuhan sektor farmasi dan membawa perubahan besar pada posisi keuangan dan kinerja bisnis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi profitabilitas perusahaan farmasi sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia yang dikaitkan dengan jumlah kasus Covid-19 terkonfirmasi. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dari laporan keuangan kuartal dari sembilan perusahaan farmasi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Periode penelitian dibagi menjadi dua bagian yaitu Januari 2018-Desember 2019 sebagai periode sebelum pandemi Covid-19 dan Januari 2020-Desember 2021 sebagai periode selama pandemi Covid-19. Panel least square dengan fixed effect digunakan dalam menganalisis data. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat hubungan positif signifikan antara pertumbuhan perusahaan, kekuatan pasar, ukuran perusahaan terhadap profitabilitas baik sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19. Sedangkan likuiditas memiliki hubungan positif signifikan sebelum pandemi Covid-19 namun negatif dan tidak signifikan selama pandemi Covid-19. Jumlah kasus Covid-19 terkonfirmasi terbukti memberikan dampak positif pada hubungan kekuatan pasar dan likuiditas terhadap profitabilitas, namun memberikan dampak negatif pada hubungan pertumbuhan perusahaan dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap profitabilitas.

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The emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic had an impact on pharmaceutical growth and brought major changes to financial position and business performance. This study aims to analyze factors affecting the profitability of pharmaceutical companies before and during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia associated with the number of confirmed Covid-19 cases. The data used is secondary data from the quarterly financial statements of nine pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The research period is divided into two parts, namely January 2018-December 2019 as the period before Covid-19 and January 2020-December 2021 as the period during Covid-19. Least square panel with fixed effect is used to analyze the data. The results show that there is a significant positive relationship between company growth, market power, company size and profitability both before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, liquidity had a significant positive relationship before the Covid-19 pandemic but was negative and insignificant during the Covid-19 pandemic. The number of confirmed Covid-19 cases has proven to have a positive impact on the relationship between market power and liquidity to profitability, but has a negative impact on the relationship between company growth and company size on profitability."

"Pandemi COVID-19 telah mempengaruhi perekonomian di seluruh dunia termasuk negara-negara di kawasan ASEAN. Di Indonesia, pertumbuhan ekonomi diprediksi negatif dan resesi terjadi, mulai dari kuartal ketiga tahun 2020. Sebaliknya, kegiatan sosial Islam termasuk sedekah menunjukkan perkembangan yang signifikan selama periode Covid-19 karena dana zakat, infak, sedekah dan wakaf yang terkumpul menjadi yang tertinggi. Studi ini menganalisis faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku bersedekah selama pandemi Covid-19. Meski roda perekonomian sangat terguncang oleh situasi pandemi, mayoritas masyarakat masih bersemangat untuk bersedekah dalam menerapkan nilai-nilai Islam yaitu persaudaraan dan saling membantu, terutama di masa sulit ini. Regresi logistik digunakan sebagai metode untuk melihat faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi masyarakat cenderung bersedekah di tengah pandemi. Pendapatan, pendidikan dan religiusitas ternyata berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku sedekah di masa pandemi Covid-19, sementara variabel kepuasan, umur, gender, status perkawinan, porsi belanja, porsi hutang, porsi investasi, sikap, norma subjektif dan perceived behavioral control tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap perilaku bersedekah masyarakat selama pandemic Covid-19.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the economies throughout the globe including countries in ASEAN region. In Indonesia, economic growth is predicted to be negative and recession is happening, starting from the third quarter of 2020. In contrast, Islamic social activities including charity giving has shown an encouraging development during the COVID-19. This study analyzes the factors that affect charity behavior during the Covid-19 pandemic. Although the economy is badly affected by the pandemic situation, people are still eagerly giving charity to implement Islamic values of brotherhood and helping each other, especially during this difficult period. Regression logistics is used as a method to see the dominant factors that affect people who tend to give charity in the midst of a pandemic. Income, education and religion have a significant effect on alms behavior during the pandemic. While satisfaction, age, marital status, gender, shopping portion, debt portion, investment portion, attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control have negative effect on alms behavior during the pandemic."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor pandemi COVID-19 terhadap profitabilitas bank syariah dan bank konvensional di Asia, serta untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor mikroekonomi dan makroekomomi terhadap profitabilitas bank syariah dan bank konvensional di wilayah Asia, dan perbedaan antara bank syariah dan konvensional. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel 160 bank konvensional dan 52 bank syariah di 11 negara Asia pada periode tahun 2010-2021. Metode penelitian dalam studi ini adalah regresi Ordinary Least Square (OLS) dengan metode estimasi yang digunakan adalah Random Effect Model. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Pandemi COVID-19 memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dan negatif terhadap profitabilitas bank konvensional dan bank syariah di Asia; (2) Faktor mikroekonomi memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap profitabilitas bank konvensional dan profitabilitas bank syariah di Asia; (3) Faktor makroekonomi inflasi memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap profitabilitas bank konvensional dan bank syariah di Asia, sedangkan faktor makroekonomi GDP tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap profitabilitas bank konvensional dan bank syariah di Asia; (4) Struktur bank berbentuk bank syariah tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap profitabilitas bank di Asia.

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This study aims to determine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the profitability of Islamic banks and conventional banks in Asia, as well as to determine the effect of microeconomic factors and macroeconomic factors on the profitability of Islamic banks and conventional banks in the Asian region, as well as the difference performance between Islamic and conventional banks. This study used a sample of 160 conventional banks and 52 Islamic banks in 11 Asian countries in the 2010-2021 period. The research method in this study is Ordinary Least Square (OLS) with the Random Effect Model estimation. The results show that: (1) The COVID-19 pandemic has a significant and negative effect on the profitability of conventional banks and Islamic banks in Asia; (2) Microeconomic factors have a significant influence on the profitability of both conventional and Islamic banks in Asia; (3) The macroeconomic factor of inflation has a significant effect on the profitability of conventional and Islamic banks in Asia, while the macroeconomic factor of GDP does not have a significant effect on the profitability of conventional and Islamic banks in Asia; (4) The structure of a bank in the form of an Islamic bank does not have a significant effect on the profitability of banks in Asia."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis serta membandingkan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi perilaku menabung dan berdonasi masyarakat muslim di Indonesia selama pandemi Covid-19 dengan menggunakan pendekatan Extended Theory of Planned Behavior. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang dikumpulkan melalui penyebaran kuesioner online dengan 301 responden yang aktif berdonasi ataupun menabung selama 6 bulan terakhir. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) dengan bantuan software LISREL 8.8. Temuan dalam penelitian ini menyebutkan bahwa seluruh variabel dalam Extended Theory of Planned Behavior memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat dan perilaku menabung serta berdonasi selama pandemi Covid-19, dengan variabel persepsi kontrol perilaku yang berpengaruh paling kuat terhadap niat atas perilaku berdonasi masyarakat muslim di Indonesia selama pandemi Covid-19 dan variabel sikap yang memiliki pengaruh paling kuat terhadap niat atas perilaku menabung masyarakat muslim di Indonesia selama pandemi Covid-19. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan bagi lembaga pengumpul donasi dan pemerintah dalam mengoptimalkan pengumpulan donasi khususnya selama pandemi Covid-19.

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This study aims to analyze and compare the factors that influence the saving and donation behavior of Muslim communities in Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic using the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior approach. This study uses primary data collected through the distribution of online questionnaires with 301 respondents who are actively donating or saving for the last 6 months. The analytical method used in this research is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the help of LISREL 8.8 software. The findings in this study state that all variables in the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior have a positive and significant influence on interest and behavior in saving and donating during the Covid-19 pandemic, with the behavioral control perception variable having the strongest influence on the intention to donate behavior of Muslim communities in Indonesia. During the Covid-19 pandemic and the attitude variable that has the strongest influence on the intention to save the behavior of the Muslim community in Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of this study are expected to provide input for donation collection institutions and the government in optimizing donation collection, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic."

"Asma merupakan penyakit inflamasi saluran napas kronis yang ditandai dengan gejala pernapasan seperti mengi, dispnea, batuk, dan sesak dada. Selama pandemi Covid-19 (2020 – 2022) jumlah kasus asma di DKI Jakarta termasuk Jakarta Pusat mengalami penurunan jika dibandingkan dengan sebelum pandemi terjadi (2018-2019). Hal yang sama juga terjadi pada penurunan polusi udara (PM10) yang menjadi salah satu penyebab penyakit asma. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan konsentrasi PM10, suhu udara, kelembaban udara, dan curah hujan dengan jumlah kasus asma di Jakarta Pusat pada waktu sebelum (2018-2019) dan selama (2020-2022) pandemi Covid-19 dengan menggunakan desain studi ekologi time-trend. Metode analisis dilakukan dengan uji beda ≥ 2 rata-rata, uji korelasi, dan uji regresi linear berganda. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang berasal dari Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta, BMKG wilayah Kemayoran, dan website BMKG. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, terdapat perbedaan rata-rata kasus asma, konsentrasi PM10, dan curah hujan yang signifikan antara sebelum (2018-2019) dan selama (2020-2022) pandemi Covid-19 (p = 0,000; p = 0,023; p = 0,050). Selain itu, uji korelasi menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara konsentrasi PM10 (p = 0,156; r = 0210), suhu udara (p = 0,883; r = 0,019), kelembaban udara (p = 0,380; r = -0,115), curah hujan (p = 0,154; r = -0,186) dengan kasus asma seluruh tahun (2018-2022) di Jakarta Pusat. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini yaitu tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara konsentrasi PM10, suhu udara, kelembaban udara, dan curah hujan dengan kasus asma tahun 2018-2022.

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Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by respiratory symptoms such as wheezing, dyspnea, coughing and chest tightness. During the Covid-19 pandemic (2020-2022) the number of asthma cases in DKI Jakarta including Central Jakarta has decreased compared to before the pandemic occurred (2018-2019). The same thing also happened to the decrease in air pollution (PM10), which is one of the causes of asthma. This study aims to determine the relationship between PM10 concentration, air temperature, air humidity, and rainfall with the number of asthma cases in Central Jakarta before (2018-2019) and during (2020-2022) the Covid-19 pandemic using an ecological study design (time-trend). The method of analysis was carried out by means of ≥ 2 difference test, correlation test, and multiple linear regression test. This study used secondary data from the DKI Jakarta Provincial Health Office, the BMKG for the Kemayoran area, and the BMKG website. The results showed that there were significant differences in average asthma cases, PM10 concentrations, and rainfall before (2018-2019) and during (2020 – 2022) the Covid-19 pandemic (p = 0.000; p = 0.023; p = 0.050). In addition, the correlation test showed that there was no significant relationship between PM10 concentration (p = 0.156; r = 0210), air temperature (p = 0.883; r = 0.019), air humidity (p = 0.380; r = -0.115), rainfall (p = 0.154; r = -0.186) with asthma cases throughout the year (2018-2022) in Central Jakarta. The conclusion in this study is that there is no significant relationship between PM10 concentrations, air temperature, air humidity, and rainfall with asthma cases in 2018 – 2022."

"Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) adalah suatu penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh jenis baru dari coronavirus yang belum pernah ditemukan sebelumnya. COVID-19 pertama kali ditemukan di daerah Wuhan, China pada tanggal 31 Desember 2019.Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) telah resmi menetapkan COVID-19 sebagai pandemi sejak 11 Maret 2020 dan mengimbau negara-negara untuk mengambil tindakan sesegera mungkin untuk mencegah infeksi, menyelamatkan nyawa, dan meminimalkan dampak COVID-19. Berdasarkan data WHO, diketahui ada lebih dari 200 juta kasus terkonfirmasi dan lebih dari 3 juta kematian akibat COVID-19 hingga saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan jumlah kasus COVID-19 dengan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya di Pulau Jawa. Data dalam penelitian ini berasal dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) dan Satgas COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis data berupa Regresi Linier Berganda dan Geographically Weighed Negative Binomial Regression (GWNBR). Hasil penelitian ini dengan menggunakan model GWNBR, terdapat 4 variabel yang mempengaruhi jumlah kasus COVID-19 di Pulau Jawa, yaitu jumlah penduduk, pengeluaran per kapita, persentase lansia, dan jumlah tenaga kesehatan. Jumlah penduduk dan pengeluaran per kapita berpengaruh positif terhadap jumlah kasus COVID-19, sedangkan persentase lansia dan jumlah tenaga kesehatan berpengaruh berbeda-beda.

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a new type of coronavirus that has never been detected before but was first discovered in Wuhan, China on December 31, 2019. The World Health Organization (WHO) officially classified this disease as a pandemic on March 11, 2020 and urged countries to take immediate action to prevent further infections in order to save lives and minimize its impact. The WHO data showed that there have been over 200 million confirmed cases and more than 3 million deaths up to the present moment. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the relationship between the number of COVID-19 cases and its influencing factors in Java. Data were obtained from Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) and Satgas COVID-19, and analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression and Geographically Weighted Negative Binomial Regression (GWNBR). The results of the GWNBR model showed that there are 4 variables affecting the number of COVID-19 cases which include population, per capita expenditure, the elderly percentage, and the number of healthcare workers. It was discovered that the population and per capita expenditure have a positive effect on the number of cases while the elderly percentage and the number of healthcare workers have varying effects."

"Sebagai tanggapan terhadap krisis yang mempengaruhi sektor perbankan, regulator menerapkan kebijakan makroprudensial untuk menjaga stabilitas sistem keuangan. Namun, selama pandemi Covid-19, banyak negara melonggarkan kebijakan makroprudensialnya untuk mendorong pertumbuhan kredit dan memulihkan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat pengaruh kebijakan makroprudensial terhadap profitabilitas bank di ASEAN-6 sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19, 2018-2021, menggunakan metode regresi data panel. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan pengetatan kebijakan makroprudensial seperti penyangga konservasi modal dan pemenuhan likuiditas mengurangi profitabilitas bank sebelum pandemi Covid-19. Sedangkan, pelonggaran loan-to-value meningkatkan profitabilitas bank selama pandemi Covid-19.

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In response to the crises affecting the banking sector, regulators implemented macroprudential policies to maintain financial stability. However, during the Covid-19 pandemic, many countries relaxed their macroprudential policies to boost credit growth and stimulating economic growth. The purpose of this research is to estimate the effect of macroprudential policy on banks’ profitability in ASEAN-6 before and during Covid-19, 2018-2021, using the panel data regression method. The findings indicate that tightening macroprudential policies such as capital conservation buffers and liquidity requirement decreased banks’ profitability before Covid-19. Meanwhile, loosening loan-to-value increased banks’ profitability during Covid-19."

"Penelitian ini menguji secara empiris pengaruh risiko kredit setelah implementasi kebijakan stimulus oleh bank di Indonesia dan ukuran bank terhadap profitabilitas pada periode pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) Model Dinamis untuk memperoleh gambaran efektivitas kebijakan relaksasi dalam menjaga profitabilitas perbankan Indonesia. Kebijakan stimulus yang dilakukan regulator pada masa pandemi Covid-19 mengubah perhitungan risiko kredit, dan penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi berupa penggunaan pengukuran risiko kredit yang disesuaikan dengan kebijakan stimulus tersebut yaitu dengan menambahkan kredit restrukturisasi dengan kualitas lancar. Studi ini menemukan bahwa risiko kredit menggunakan pengukuran baru tersebut mempengaruhi secara negatif namun tidak signifikan terhadap profitabilitas pada periode selama pandemi Covid-19. Hal tersebut karena pelaksanaan kebijakan stimulus memungkinkan bank untuk tidak menurunkan kualitas kredit (tetap lancar) dengan cadangan kerugian yang tidak harus ditambah. Profitabilitas bank di masa pandemi tidak dipengaruhi signifikan oleh risiko kredit diduga antara lain dipengaruhi pula oleh kemampuan adaptasi yang baik dari bank di Indonesia melalui layanan tambahan sehingga dampak negatif dari risiko kredit dapat diminimalisir. Ukuran bank menurunkan  profitabilitas selama pandemi Covid-19 baik untuk bank dengan ukuran yang kecil, menengah maupun besar. Semakin besar ukuran bank, maka dianggap lebih berisiko antara lain karena kompensasi atas pengelolaan reputasi termasuk biaya operasional lainnya selain pembentukan kerugian yang lebih tinggi.

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This study empirically examines the effect of credit risk using a new measure which is influenced by stimulus policy in Indonesia and bank size on profitability of Indonesian banks during the Covid-19 pandemic. It employed the Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) Dynamic Model to obtain an overview of the effectiveness of the relaxation policy in maintaining the profitability of the Indonesian banks. The stimulus policy by the regulator during the COVID-19 pandemic changed the credit risk calculation and this research contributed by using credit risk measurement adjusted to the stimulus policy by adding restructuring loans in current quality. The study found that credit risk negatively affected profitability in the period during the Covid-19 pandemic. This finding probably due to the stimulus policy allowing banks to remain current the credit quality with no addition to provision. Bank profitability during the pandemic was not significantly affected by credit risk, allegedly among others, also influenced by the good adaptability of banks in Indonesia through additional services. Bank size has had a significant negative effect on profitability during the Covid-19 pandemic for small, medium and large banks. The larger the size of the bank, the riskier it becomes due to the addition for reputation management includes other operational costs."

"Latar Belakang Pandemi COVID-19 membuat banyak negara melakukan pembatasan aktivitas sosial, memaksa orang untuk beraktivitas dalam rumah dan mengakibatkan turunnya tingkat aktivitas. Di Indonesia belum ada data yang menjelaskan dampak pandemi COVID-19 terhadap komponen kesehatan terkait kebugaran pada populasi dewasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran perubahan tingkat aktivitas fisik dan tingkat kebugaran masyarakat Indonesia sebelum dan saat pandemi COVID-19. Metode Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang, menggunakan kuesioner daring (online survey), dengan parameter yang diukur adalah tingkat kebugaran (VO2peak) dan tingkat aktivitas fisik masyarakat Indonesia dewasa sebelum dan saat pandemi COVID-19. Hasil pengisian kuesioner dimulai sejak Juli sampai November 2022, dari 412 responden, responden laki – laki sebesar 52,4%. Rerata responden yang mengikuti penelitian ini berusia 39,4 tahun, dan didapatkan bahwa tidak terdapat perubahan tingkat aktivitas fisik (MET) sebelum dan selama pandemi (p=0,613), namun pada komponen tingkat kebugaran, terdapat peningkatan VO2peak yang bermakna (p=0,03), dan perubahan ini dipengaruhi secara bermakna oleh faktor sosiodemografis yaitu usia (p=0,024) dan jenis kelamin (p=0,003). Kesimpulan pandemi COVID-19 memberikan gambaran bahwa faktor sosiodemografis tidak mempengaruhi perubahan tingkat aktivitas fisik namun perubahan tingkat kebugaran dipengaruhi secara bermakna oleh faktor usia dan jenis kelamin.

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has forced many countries to place restrictions on social activities, forcing people to stay indoors and causing a decrease in activity levels. In Indonesia, there is no data explaining the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health components related to fitness in the adult population. This study aims to see an overview of changes in the level of physical activity and fitness level of the Indonesian people before and during the COVID-19 pandemic Method this is a cross-sectional study, using an online questionnaire (online survey), with the parameters measured being the level of fitness (VO2peak) and the level of physical activity of adult Indonesians before and during the COVID-19 pandemic Results The questionnaire filling started from July to November 2022, out of 412 respondents, male respondents were 52.4% with an average age of 39.4 years, it was found that there was no change in the level of physical activity (MET) before and during the pandemic (p=0.613 ), but for the fitness level component, there was a significant increase in VO2peak (p=0.03), and this change was significantly influenced by sociodemographic factors, age (p=0.024) and gender (p=0.003).Conclusion COVID-19 pandemic illustrates that sociodemographic factors do not affect the level of changes in physical activity, but changes in fitness levels and are significantly influenced by age and gender factors."

"Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan kondisi financial distress perusahaan konstruksi sebelum dan selama krisis pandemi Covid-19 serta apakah faktor finansial dan makroekonomi berpengaruh terhadap kondisi financial distress sebelum dan selama krisis pandemi Covid-19. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 25 perusahaan sektor konstruksi di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama tahun 2017-2022. Metode penelitian menggunakan model regresi data panel yang melibatkan faktor finansial perusahaan dan makroekonomi terhadap kondisi financial distress dari perusahaan yang diukur dengan model kebangkrutan Altman (1968) dan Ohlson (1980). Hasil penelitian mengkonfirmasi bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan nyata Z-score dan O-score sebelum dan selama krisis pandemi Covid-19. Namun secara pola Z-score dan O-score perusahaan konstruksi pada periode sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19 terdapat perbedaan. Selain itu, ditemukan juga bahwa sebelum dan selama krisis pandemi Covid-19 hanya faktor finansial perusahaan saja yang berpengaruh terhadap model Z-score dan O-score.

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The purpose of this study was to determine differences in the financial distress of construction companies before and during the Covid-19 pandemic crisis and whether financial and macroeconomic factors had an effect on financial distress before and during the Covid-19 pandemic crisis. The research sample consisted of 25 construction sector companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2017-2022. The research method uses a panel data regression model involving company financial and macroeconomic factors on the financial distress of companies as measured by the bankruptcy model Altman (1968) and Ohlson (1980). The results of the study confirmed that there were no real differences in Z-scores and O-scores before and during the Covid-19 pandemic crisis. However, in terms of the Z-score and O-score patterns of construction companies in the period before and during the Covid-19 pandemic, there were differences. In addition, it was also found that before and during the Covid-19 pandemic crisis, only the company's financial factors had an effect on the Z-score and O-score model."