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Salah satu kegiatan dalam industri pengolahan minyak dan gas adalah transfer minyak bumi, gasalam, dan/atau hasil bensin melalui pipa. Kegiatan ini memerlukan program manajemen (sepertiperencanaan, pengawasan dan inspeksi, serta pemeliharaan peralatan) karena pipa memilikipotensi bahaya terhadap lingkungan seperti kebakaran, ledakan atau kontaminasi lingkungan.Tujuan studi ini meneliti penilaian risiko secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif untuk pipa bawah laut.Model yang digunakan adalah referensi untuk DNVGL RP F-107 Recommended Practice RiskAssesment of Pipeline Protection. Bahwa 42,6 % terkait dengan procedure/drawing/plan yangmana merupakan risk yang paling significan dan 29,6% terkait dengan program-program yangakan diimplementasikan oleh Perusahaan. Berdasarkan scenario kejatuhan dan tergaruk jangkar,level kerusakan berada pada level D3 (level damage) tepatnya masih bersifat tolerable jikaALARP, yang berarti dibutuhkan adanya pengurangan risiko untuk menurunkan residual risk.Sesuai dengan hasil studi penilaian risiko maka direkomendasikan untuk melakukan pelapisanpipa dengan lapisan beton dan dilakukan pemendaman.

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Background

One of the activities in the processing industry oil and gas is the transfer of petroleum, naturalgas, and/or the result of oil through pipeline. These activities require management programs(such as planning, supervision and inspection, as well as maintenance equipment) due to thepipelines have the potential hazard to the environment such as fire, explosion or contaminationthe environment. Objective this study examines assessment of the risk of both quantitative andqualitative to subsea pipeline. The model used is a reference to the DNVGL standard RP F-107Recommended Practice Risk Assesment of Pipeline Protection. As 42.6% is related to theprocedure/drawing/plan which is the most significan and 29.6% risk related to the programs thatwill be implemented by the company. Based on the scenario of dropped & dragged anchor, thelevel of damage is at the level D3 (level damage) precisely is still tolerable if ALARP, whichmeans there is a risk reduction to lower the residual risk . In accordance with the results of therisk assessment study then it is recommended to perform coating pipe with concrete coating andcarried out the immersion.Keywords : Quantitative and

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"In 1920s, Tan Malaka had not just criticized the Dutch colonialsymbols but also abandoned them with his own symbols. Symbolic warsthrough discourses happened. In this case, the hegemonic discoursesof the colonialist state were opposed with the counter-hegemonic ones. "

"In general, the difference between qualitative and quantitative research canbe seen from the characteristics of data used (measured versus observed), datacollection methods (structured interview versus in-depth interview, participantobservation), and clearly, from the method of analysis. Example is quantitativeresearch with quantitative guidance (level of significance in hypothesis measuring,factor analysis in creating construct validity estimation of a variable measuring,and so on). Indeed, we need to analyze some of the questions related with thediffering between both, that include: do all qualitative research are researcheswhich emphasized in subjectivity and reflexivity? Do all qualitative researchemergent or exploratory in nature? Do all qualitative research ideographic innature? Isn?t there one research that nomothetic? How about the results foundusing proposition from the perspective of social construction of reality? Some of theanswers from the questions above will be discussed in this article."