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"Sejalan dengan tujuan pembangunan nasional, diharapkan adanya peningkatan taraf hidup, kecerdasan dan kesejahteraan seluruh rakyat Indonesia. Maka dalam hal ini akan ditingkatkan pula usaha-usaha untuk memperbaiki kesejahteraan rakyat lahir dan batin, mendorong pembagian pendapatan yang makin merata dan lebih memperluas kesempatan kerja. Untuk itu perlu ada peningkatan disektor-sektor lain diluar pertanian sehingga laju penumbuhannya lebih cepat dibanding sektor pertanian itu sendiri, seperti peningkatan sektor pertambangan misalnya. Salah satu arah pembangunan pertambangan adalah untuk memperluas kesempatan kerja dan mengembangkan penyediaan bahan baku di Indonesia. Usaha untuk mengolah sebanyak-banyaknya kekayaan alam di dalam negeri merupakan kebijaksanaan yang akan terus dilanjutkan dan diperluas, karena menurut pasal 33 UUD 1945 tercantum bahwa bumi dan kekayaan alam yang terkandung didalamnya dikuasai oleh negara dan dipergunakan untuk sebesar-besar kemakmuran rakyat. Pasir sebagai salah satu endapan atau kekayaan alam yang terkandung di dalam bumi, juga merupakan salah satu bahan baku yang banyak dibutuhkan dalam pembangunan dewasa ini. Pesatnya pembangunan fisik di daerah Jakarta dan Tangerang yaitu dengan dibangunnya sarana dan prasarana berupa bangunan-bangunan bertingkat, tempat rekreasi, pembangunan jalan dan perumahan penduduk mengakibatkan kebutuhan akan pasir dan karang meningkat?"

"Otonomi Daerah telah memberikan peluang yang luas kepada pemerintah daerah dan masyarakat untuk mengatur daerahnya, termasuk memanfaatkan sumber daya alam daerah sebagai modal pembangunan. Dengan demikian, peranan pemerintah daerah dan partisipasi masyarakat akan sangat menentukan dalam pembangunan daerah. Keberhasilan pembangunan daerah akan meningkatkan ketahanan daerah.Kajian penelitian ini tentang "Hubungan Antara Penambangan Pasir Dengan Ketahanan Daerah, Studi Kasus Kabupaten Magelang". Adapun titik berat atau fokus penelitian adalah Peranan Pemerintah Kabupaten Magelang dan Partisipasi Masyarakat Mengatasi Dampak Penambangan Pasir Gunung Merapi di Kecamatan Srumbung, Kabupaten Magelang Untuk Mendukung Ketahanan Daerah. Permasalahan ini sangat menarik perhatian, meilgingat penambangan pasir Gunung Merapi merupakan salah satu permasalahan utama yang dihadapi Kabupaten Magelang.Permasalahan yang menjadi pertanyaan penelitian adalah bagainnana peranan Pemerintah Kabupaten Magelang dan partisipasi masyarakat mengatasi dampak penambangan pasir Gunung Merapi di Kecamatan Srumbung, Kabupaten Magelang, apakah penambangan pasir Gunung Merapi mendukung pembangunan daerah, dan apakah kegiatan usaha penambangan pasir Gunung Merapi mendukung Ketahanan Daerah, Untuk mengukur hubungan variabel, peneliti mengujinya dengan teknik analisa statistik.Lokasi penelitian di Kecamatan Srumbung, Kabupaten Magelang, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian survey dan jumlah sampel responden 100 orang melalui purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara. Teknik analisa data yang digunakan metode deskriptif, sedangkan untuk mengukur korelasi antar variabel menggunakan teknik korelasi Pearson Product Moment (r).Berdasarkan tolak ukur variabeI, maka peranan pemerintah daerah dalam mengatasi dampak penambangan pasir Gunung Merapi belum optimal. Meskipun, Pemerintah Kabupaten Magelang telah melakukan berbagai kebijakan, tetapi masyarakat masih menilai bahwa upaya pemerintah belum seperti yang diharapkan. Partisipasi masyarakat menunjukkan kondisi yang sama, masyarakat belum secara penuh berpartisipasi dalam mengatasi dampak penambangan pasir Gunung Merapi. Partisipasi masyarakat masih terbatas dalam keinginan, belum diwujudkan dalam tindakan nyata.Dalam hal pembangunan daerah menunjukkan bahwa kontribusi penambangan pasir cukup besar terhadap pemasukan kas daerah, tetapi tidak banyak memberikan pengaruh terhadap peningkatan kehidupan masyarakat. Terhadap Ketahanan Daerah, dilihat dari aspek kesejahteraan dan aspek keamanan adanya penambangan pasir memiliki dua sisi yang kontradiktif, disatu pihak menguntungkan tetapi dilain pihak merugikan.Dilihat dari perhitungan korelasi antar variabel, diketahui korelasi dari peranan pemerintah daerah dan partisipasi masyarakat dengan pembangunan daerah sebesar 0,32, maka ada korelasi positif pada kategori rendah. Hal ini berarti hipotesa diterirna.Dengan demikian, perlu upaya yang lebih keras lagi dari Pemerintah Kabupaten Magelang dengan melibatkan sejauh mungkin partisipasi masyarakat mengatasi dampak penambangan pasir Gunung Merapi, sehingga dapat lebih mendukung pembangunan daerah dan Ketahanan Daerah.

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Local autonomy has been giving a wide range of opportunity for the people and local government in administering their region, including in using natural resources as a capital. Therefore the role of local government and participation of local people would significantly determine the development of the region. Accordingly the success of local development will increase the regional resilience.

This research observes "the Relations between Sand Mining Activities and Regional Resilience, with the case study of Magelang Regency." The focus of the research is on the role of Magelang Regency government and the participations of Magelang people in overcoming the impact of sand mining in Mount Merapi, located in Srumbung District, Regency of Magelang, in supporting the regional resilience. This issue attracts immense attention, considering the sand mining at Mount Merapi is one of the main problems faced by Magelang Regency.

The research question is how have the role of Magelang government and the participations of Magelang people in overcoming the impact of sand mining at Mount Merapi, have the sand mining support the local development, and have the sand mining activities support the regional resilience. In measuring the relations between variables, the research tested it by using statistical analysis technique.

The location of the research was at Srumbung Districts, Regency of Magelang, using the survey research method, and by respondent samples of 100 people through purposive sampling. Research instruments used in the research are questioners and interviews. The technique used to analyze the data was descriptive method. And in order to correlate between variables, the Pearson Product Moment correlation technique (r) was used.

Based on variable indicators, Magelang Government roles in overcoming the impact of sand mining activities has not yet optimal. Even though the government of Magelang Regency has been launching a series of policy, but still the Magelang people perceived that government efforts are not as expected. Participations of the people of Magelang showed similar condition that the people have not been fully participated in overcoming the impact of sand mining at Mount Merapi. The participations of Magelang people is still limited to desire, not yet implemented in a concrete way.

Related to local development, result of the research showed that the sand mining activities have major contribution for the regency income, but still not giving influence for the people live. Related to Regional Resilience, viewed from the prosperity and security aspects, the sand mining have two contradicting side, in one hand it give benefits, but in other hand it brings costs.

Viewed from the relations between variables, correlations of the role of local government and the people participation with the local development is 0,32. This means that there is positive correlations, but in low category.

Thus, it is needed a stronger efforts from the Magelang Regency government through involving Magelang people participation in managing the impact of sand mining activities at Mount Merapi, so that it could give more supports for the local development and regional resilience."

"Skripsi ini menjelaskan tentang konflik ekologi politik di Urut Sewu antar aktor-aktor berkepentingan yang disebabkan oleh penambangan pasir besi di Kecamatan Mirit. Konflik dipicu oleh klaim atas tanah di sepanjang pesisir selatan Kebumen sebagai milik TNI dan adanya rencana penambangan pasir besi yang melibatkan elit militer. Pasca konflik penambangan pasir besi, terjadi perubahan isu menjadi konflik menolak latihan TNI. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain eksplanatif. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa konflik ekologi politik disebabkan oleh kepentingan penguasaan sumber daya alam yang diciptakan oleh elit untuk mendapatkan keuntungan pribadi dengan memarginalkan masyarakat lokal yang memiliki ketergantungan tinggi pada kondisi ekologi. Dalam konflik ekologi politik ini terlihat tarik menarik kepentingan antara aktor negara, masyarakat lokal, perusahaan dan ENGO. Pada akhirnya, aktor-aktor yang memiliki kekuasaan dan terkonsolidasi dengan baiklah yang mendapat keuntungan dalam konflik ini.

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The thesis explains about political ecological conflict in Urut Sewu among the actors caused by iron sand mining in sub district Mirit. The conflict was started by claims over the land along the southern coast of Kebumen as belonging to armed forces and the presence of a plan by iron sand mining that involves elite military. Afterwards conflict of iron sand mining, the issue of change to the conflict refuses military exercises. The research use qualitative method with explanative design. The research discovered that political ecological conflict caused by the interests of mastery of natural resources created by elite in order to gain personal advantage with marginalization the local communities who as having independence high on the condition of ecology. In political ecological conflict this looks pull drawn of interest between state, local communities, businesses and ENGO. In the end, the actors who have power and consolidated who benefit in this conflict."

"[Pesatnya pertumbuhan ekonomi dan penduduk di daerah pesisir menjadikan kebutuhan akan ruang yang lebih luas sehingga reklamasi kawasan pesisir menjadi pilihan utama yang banyak ditempuh Pemanfaatan pasir laut yang berlebihan dan tidak terkendali dapat mengganggu ekosisitem bahkan merusak daya dukungnya Penelitian ini mengkaji gangguan pada produktivitas perairan Teluk Banten Kabupaten Serang yang disebabkan kegiatan penambangan pasir laut di tahun 2004 2015 Masalah penelitian adalah belum adanya kajian ilmiah lingkungan mengenai pengaruh penambangan pasir laut di Teluk Banten Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif Data fisik dianalisis menggunakan korelasi dan regresi polinomial orde 2 dan data wawancara dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan hubungan yang kuat r 0 9835 antara penambangan pasir laut dengan peningkatan kekeruhan perairan Teluk Banten dengan persamaan regresi y x 90 8494 9 2392 10 3 x 1 3059 10 7 x2 Penambangan pasir laut juga signifikan mengurangi produktivitas perairan Teluk Banten r 0 9726 dengan persamaan regresi y x 2 948 3 21 10 7 x ndash 8 26 10 14 x2 Hasil penelitian juga memperlihatkan persepsi negatif masyarakat nelayan terhadap aktivitas penambangan pasir laut Menurut mereka penambangan pasir laut berdampak pada aktivitas penangkapan ikan karena tidak dapat menangkap ikan di perairan dekat desa mereka lagi.

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A rapid economic and population growths in urban coastal areas may followed by an expansion of space Mostly the expansion is applying a coastal reclamation An uncontrollable and overexploitation of marine sand for coastal reclamation may disturbing the ecosystem and even cause damage to its carrying capacity This research is finding the disturbance of marine productivity in Banten Coastal Bay Serang District which is caused by marine sand mining activity in 2004 2015 According to preliminary finding there is no scientific studies about the impact of marine sand mining activity in Banten Coastal Bay yet This research is using quantitative approach with quantitative and qualitative method The physical aspect has been analyzed using statistically correlation and 2nd order of polynomial regression Interview data which is analyzed by a descriptive method somehow providing some clues The result shows the strong correlation r 0 9835 between marine sand mining production and the increasing of water turbidity in Banten Coastal Bay which represent by a regression equation y x 90 8494 9 2392 10 3x 1 3059 10 7x2 Marine sand mining production is also significant reduce r 0 9726 the marine productivity of Banten Coastal Bay which represent by a regression equation y x 2 948 3 21 10 7x ndash 8 26 10 14x2 It is found in the fisheries community that they have a negative perception to the marine sand mining activity According them those mining activities impacting to their fishing tradition They cannot catch the fish in the near shore around their livinghood anymore ;A rapid economic and population growths in urban coastal areas may followed by an expansion of space Mostly the expansion is applying a coastal reclamation An uncontrollable and overexploitation of marine sand for coastal reclamation may disturbing the ecosystem and even cause damage to its carrying capacity This research is finding the disturbance of marine productivity in Banten Coastal Bay Serang District which is caused by marine sand mining activity in 2004 2015 According to preliminary finding there is no scientific studies about the impact of marine sand mining activity in Banten Coastal Bay yet This research is using quantitative approach with quantitative and qualitative method The physical aspect has been analyzed using statistically correlation and 2nd order of polynomial regression Interview data which is analyzed by a descriptive method somehow providing some clues The result shows the strong correlation r 0 9835 between marine sand mining production and the increasing of water turbidity in Banten Coastal Bay which represent by a regression equation y x 90 8494 9 2392 10 3x 1 3059 10 7x2 Marine sand mining production is also significant reduce r 0 9726 the marine productivity of Banten Coastal Bay which represent by a regression equation y x 2 948 3 21 10 7x ndash 8 26 10 14x2 It is found in the fisheries community that they have a negative perception to the marine sand mining activity According them those mining activities impacting to their fishing tradition They cannot catch the fish in the near shore around their livinghood anymore.;A rapid economic and population growths in urban coastal areas may followed by an expansion of space Mostly the expansion is applying a coastal reclamation An uncontrollable and overexploitation of marine sand for coastal reclamation may disturbing the ecosystem and even cause damage to its carrying capacity This research is finding the disturbance of marine productivity in Banten Coastal Bay Serang District which is caused by marine sand mining activity in 2004 2015 According to preliminary finding there is no scientific studies about the impact of marine sand mining activity in Banten Coastal Bay yet This research is using quantitative approach with quantitative and qualitative method The physical aspect has been analyzed using statistically correlation and 2nd order of polynomial regression Interview data which is analyzed by a descriptive method somehow providing some clues The result shows the strong correlation r 0 9835 between marine sand mining production and the increasing of water turbidity in Banten Coastal Bay which represent by a regression equation y x 90 8494 9 2392 10 3x 1 3059 10 7x2 Marine sand mining production is also significant reduce r 0 9726 the marine productivity of Banten Coastal Bay which represent by a regression equation y x 2 948 3 21 10 7x ndash 8 26 10 14x2 It is found in the fisheries community that they have a negative perception to the marine sand mining activity According them those mining activities impacting to their fishing tradition They cannot catch the fish in the near shore around their livinghood anymore , A rapid economic and population growths in urban coastal areas may followed by an expansion of space Mostly the expansion is applying a coastal reclamation An uncontrollable and overexploitation of marine sand for coastal reclamation may disturbing the ecosystem and even cause damage to its carrying capacity This research is finding the disturbance of marine productivity in Banten Coastal Bay Serang District which is caused by marine sand mining activity in 2004 2015 According to preliminary finding there is no scientific studies about the impact of marine sand mining activity in Banten Coastal Bay yet This research is using quantitative approach with quantitative and qualitative method The physical aspect has been analyzed using statistically correlation and 2nd order of polynomial regression Interview data which is analyzed by a descriptive method somehow providing some clues The result shows the strong correlation r 0 9835 between marine sand mining production and the increasing of water turbidity in Banten Coastal Bay which represent by a regression equation y x 90 8494 9 2392 10 3x 1 3059 10 7x2 Marine sand mining production is also significant reduce r 0 9726 the marine productivity of Banten Coastal Bay which represent by a regression equation y x 2 948 3 21 10 7x ndash 8 26 10 14x2 It is found in the fisheries community that they have a negative perception to the marine sand mining activity According them those mining activities impacting to their fishing tradition They cannot catch the fish in the near shore around their livinghood anymore ]"