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"Contrary to the hypothesis, the percentage of older persons co-residing with the children was found to be higher in districts with more advanced stages of economic development. In rural areas, older persons were, by contrast, more likely not to co-reside with their children."

"ABSTRACTThis article analyzes the evolution in international law of the obligation to search for and return the remains of forcibly disappeared and missing persons. Receiving the remains of forcibly disappeared and missing persons is one of the primary needs of their families, who bring the issue to international courts and non-judicial mechanisms. This obligation has been incrementally recognized and developed by different human rights courts, which have included the obligation to search for and return the remains of disappeared persons in their remedies. In parallel to the development of the obligation by international courts, the international community has begun to become more involved in assisting in return of the remains of forcibly disappeared and missing persons to their families."

"ABSTRACTThis article attempts to situate the Office on Missing Persons (OMP) in Sri Lanka in relation to varying approaches to mechanisms for searching for the missing. In particular, the article examines the possible tensions between a humanitarian and an accountability-based mandate and supports the position of the International Committee of the Red Cross that these two approaches can in fact be complementary in nature. It goes on to contend that the OMPs mandate is primarily humanitarian rather than exclusively humanitarian, and analyzes how this distinction may impact possible criminal prosecutions. It emphasizes the importance of preserving the humanitarian character of the OMP with the objective of ensuring that the victimsrights are at the centre of transitional justice processes."

"ABSTRACTThis article examines the different types of mechanisms which can contribute to addressing the issue of the missing, including providing answers on the fate and whereabouts of missing persons. It looks in detail at one approach that the authors have observed in the field. It argues that an approach based on humanitarian objectives which does not look into who is responsible for the disappearance, with proper management of confidential information, could be a powerful instrument for searching for and collecting relevant information on the missing in certain contexts. The article also proposes avenues for further research, with a view to enhancing the global capacity to provide meaningful answers for the missing and their families."

"ABSTRACTIn October 2015, by co-sponsoring United Nations Human Rights Council Resolution 30/1 entitled Promoting Reconciliation, Accountability and Human Rights in Sri Lanka, the Sri Lankan government formally committed to embarking on a transitional justice process following three decades of armed conflict. Several thousand people allegedly disappeared during this period, often in connection with the armed conflict or as a result of internal disturbances. It is in this context that the Office on Missing Persons (OMP) was operationalized in 2018. This article discusses the nature of tracing investigations into the fate and whereabouts of missing persons of the type to be carried out by the OMP. It argues that these investigations, while ostensibly pursuing a humanitarian approach, cannot be artificially and hermetically separated from criminal justice processes. Further, it seeks to demonstrate that an integrated approach whereby strong linkages with criminal processes are provided for and encouraged best serves the interests of truth and justice."

"ABSTRACTThis article discusses the role of archives of transitional justice and dealing with the past (DWP) mechanisms when determining the fate of missing persons. The concept of dealing with the past, the terms enforced disappearance and missing person, and the specific role of archives in periods of transition are examined. Subsequently, specific questions and challenges related to access and use of archives by DWP mechanisms, including those mechanisms with a mandate to determine the fate of missing persons, are described. Many questions related to access to archives, information management and preservation of records are similarly applicable to DWP mechanisms in general and to specific mechanisms mandated to search for missing persons. The article provides some examples of Statesobligations related to maintaining and providing access to archives that could assist in the search for missing persons under international law and policy. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of the preservation and protection of archives relevant for dealing with the past. It further highlights the need to grant DWP mechanisms, especially those aimed at determining the fate of missing persons, access to those archives."

"This review examines telemedicine practices, which are separated into teleconsultations and telemonitoring, that have applied information and communication technologies (ICT) for the delivery of health-care services to older persons in the Republic of Korea, Japan, Australia and China. The practices featured from the Republic of Korea and Japan are telemedicine pilot projects to manage chronic disease patients more efficiently and at lower cost. The projects included a health management curriculum, with emphasis on nutrition and exercise guidance. The participants in each pilot project found the services to be helpful in managing their health; the project evaluation findings also indicated several meaningful medical improvements. In Australia, a Home Monitoring of Chronic Disease for Aged Care Project was designed in 2014 to manage ageing patients with chronic diseases at home through various telemedicine devices. In China, the Ningbo Cloud Hospital was established in 2015 to control increasing health-care expenses and to resolve difficulties for individuals to see a doctor. More than 2,000 patients are now registered for online video consultations and prescriptions. The featured examples illustrate how the application of telemedicine to a health-care system not only promotes accessibility between doctors and patients but can save on construction costs for new facilities and the cost of supplying medical personnel in remote areas, which thus can help reduce national medical expenses. However, to initiate ICT-based health-care service delivery, governments in Asia and the Pacific need to first establish related policies that promote telemedicine."

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Fokus penelitian ini adalah manajemen dokumen orang hilang sebagai respons bencana. Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi makna manajemen dokumen dalam menanggapi bencana dalam kasus orang hilang di Timor Leste. Hasil analisis menghasilkan tiga perhatian seperti 1) dokumen tentang orang hilang, 2) manajemen dokumen tentang pencarian orang hilang yang sedang berlangsung, 3) makna dokumen orang hilang dan manajemen dokumen yang dicakup dari penanggulangan bencana sebagai kegiatan pada tahap respons. Analisis dilakukan dengan menghubungkan konsep manajemen dokumen, orang hilang, manajemen bencana. Untuk mendapatkan makna dari masalah ini, penulis melakukan studi kasus kualitatif pada Komite Palang Merah Internasional (ICRC) yang sering terlibat dalam manajemen bencana terkait dengan konflik bersenjata. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengamatan langsung terhadap kantor ICRC di Jakarta dan Dili melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan informan yang terdiri dari staf sebagai pengelola dokumen yang terlibat dan keluarga orang hilang yang telah dibantu oleh organisasi. Temuan mengidentifikasi pentingnya dokumen sebagai media yang mengembalikan kehidupan orang hilang setelah konflik Timor-Leste berakhir. ICRC bertindak sebagai pusat dokumentasi yang menyediakan sumber informasi yang terkait dengan orang hilang untuk memfasilitasi kegiatan pencarian. Sejalan dengan manajemen dokumen, fungsi kontrol muncul karena upaya dalam melindungi dan menghidupkan kembali masalah, orang, kegiatan, dan peristiwa. Pengelolaan dokumen melalui sejumlah proses mulai dari penciptaan, penggunaan, deskripsi, indeks, klasifikasi, penyimpanan, akses dan temu kembali, hingga pengawasan. Pengelolaan dilakukan terhadap dokumen karena terkandung isi yang sensitif, konfidensial, pembuktian, orisinalitas, dan hiraerki. Temuan ini juga menunjukkan bahwa perhatian utama organisasi adalah untuk mengelola dokumen untuk mencapai tujuannya seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh ICRC sebagai organisasi kemanusiaan dalam menanggapi pencarian orang hilang sebagai akibat dari konflik. Singkatnya, penelitian ini mengusulkan wawasan baru ke dalam studi dokumen melalui paparan proses manajemen dokumen orang hilang yang akan mendukung bentuk tahap respons terhadap bencana yang terjadi di Timor-Leste.

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The focus of this study is missing persons document management as disaster response. The purpose of this paper is to identify the meaning of document management in response to disasters in the case of missing people of Timor-Leste. The outcomes of analysis yielded three concerns such as 1) documents about missing persons, 2) document management about searching missing persons in progress, 3) the meaning of documents of missing persons and document management that covered from disaster management as an activity on the response stage. The analysis was carried out by linking the concept of document management, missing persons, disaster management. To get the meaning of the issue, the author conducted a qualitative case study on the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) which is often involved in disaster management related to armed conflict. Data collection techniques were carried out by direct observation of the ICRC offices in Jakarta and Dili through interviews using informants consisting of staff as managers of the documents involved and the families of missing people who had been assisted by the organization. The findings identified the importance of the document as a media that gave back the lives of missing persons after the Timor-Leste conflict ended. The ICRC acts as a documentation center that provides information resources related to missing people to facilitate search activities. In line with document management, the control function arises because of an interest in protecting and reviving problem, people, activities, and events. The assessments on the proposed processes of missing persons’ document management are ranging from creation, description and use, storage and maintenance, index and classification, storage, access and retrieval, to supervision. Management is carried out on documents due to its originality, confidentiality, evidence, hierarchy, and sensitivity contents. The findings also suggest that the primary concern of the organization is to manage documents to achieve its objectives as indicated by the ICRC as a humanitarian organization in response to the search for missing persons as a result of the conflict. To sum up, this study proposes a new insight into the study of documents through exposure to the missing persons’ document management process that will support a form of response stage to the disaster that occurred in Timor-Leste.

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