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"Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi hasil dari beberapa teknik bedah katarak dan implantasi lensa intraokuler (LIO) pada anak, di Jakarta Eye Center, Jakarta, Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan studi retrospektif pada 44 penderita anak (57 mata) yang menjalani bedah katarak dan pemasangan LIO. Tiga macam teknik yang dipakai adalah: 1. Ekstraksi katarak ekstrakapsular dan pemasangan LIO dengan kapsul posterior tetap intak, yang dilakukan pada 21 mata (kelompok 1). 2. Ekstraksi katarak ekstrakapsular dan pemasangan LIO dengan kapsuloreksis posterior (PCCC) dan optic capture, yang dilakukan pada 24 mata (kelompok 2). 3. Ekstraksi katarak ekstrakapsular dan pemasangan LIO dengan kapsuloreksis posterior dan vitrektomi anterior serta optic capture, yang dilakukan pada 24 mata (kelompok 3). Seluruh penderita menjalani evaluasi tindak lanjut selama lebih dari 1 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kekeruhan kapsul posterior (PCO) terjadi pada 20 mata pada kelompok 1. Semua mata mempunyai aksis visual yang jernih pada kelompok 2, dan terjadi PCO hanya pada 1 mata pada kelompok 3. Kesimpulan : PCCC dengan atau tanpa vitrektomi anterior dan optic capture adalah metoda yang efektif untuk mencegah timbulnya PCO pada bayi atau anak-anak. (Med J Indones 2003; 12: 21-6)

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This study evaluated the surgical outcome of various surgical technique in paediatric cataract implant surgery, at Jakarta Eye Center, Jakarta, Indonesia. This was a retrospective study of 57 eyes in 44 children who had primary cataract implants surgery. Three surgical techniques used were : 1. Extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation with intact posterior capsule which was performed on 21 eyes (group 1). 2. Extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation and posterior capsulorhexis (PCCC) and optic capture which was performed on 24 eyes (group 2). 3. Extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation, posterior capsulorhexis and anterior vitrectomy which was performed on 24 eyes (group 3). All patients were followed up more than one year. Our results showed that posterior capsule opacity (PCO) was developed in 20 eyes with intact capsules in group 1. All eyes had a clear visual axis in group 2. PCO developed only in one eye in group 3. In conclusion, PCCC and optic capture with or without anterior vitrectomy are effective methods in preventing PCO in infant and children. (Med J Indones 2003; 12: 21-6)"

"Informasi yang terkait dengan perawatan restorasi implant tulang pada penderita kehilangan gigi dengan kelainan hipertiroid masih sangat terbatas"

"[ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Luaran pasca-bedah jantung penting diketahui untuk menilai kinerja pelayanan bedah jantung anak, sehingga kualitas pelayanan dapat ditingkatkan.Tujuan: Mengetahui luaran jangka pendek (mortalitas, komplikasi pasca-bedah berat lain, dan komplikasi pasca-bedah yang berat) pada anak yang dilakukan bedah jantung. Selain itu, ingin mengetahui faktor risiko terjadinya komplikasi berat pasca-bedah jantung dan membuat sistem skor dari faktor-faktor risiko tersebut.Metode: Setiap anak dengan penyakit jantung yang dilakukan operasi jantung di RSUPN Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta sejak April 2014 sampai Maret 2015 diikuti setiap hari sampai pasien pulang atau meninggal. Data demografis, mortalitas, morbiditas atau komplikasi pasca-bedah jantung, dan faktor risiko terjadinya morbiditas pasca-operasi yang berat diambil dari rekam medis. Pasien yang sudah pulang dari rumah sakit, dalam waktu 30 hari pasca-operasi dihubungi untuk mendapatkan data kondisi pasien dalam waktu tersebut (hidup atau meninggal).Hasil: Selama penelitian didapatkan 258 anak dilakukan bedah jantung. PJB terbanyak yang dilakukan bedah jantung adalah ventricle septal defect (28,7%) dan tetralogy of Fallot (24,4%). Komplikasi pasca-bedah jantung terjadi pada 217 (84,1%) anak dan komplikasi berat terjadi pada 49 anak (19%). Komplikasi pasca-bedah jantung terbanyak adalah hipokalsemia pada 163 (63,2%) anak, hiperglikemia 159 (61,6%), low cardiac output syndrome 52 (20,2%), aritmia 48 (18,6%), sepsis 45 (17,4%), dan efusi pleura 39 (15,1%). Komplikasi berat meliputi in-hospital mortality terjadi pada 33 (12,7%) anak dan mortalitas dalam waktu 30 hari pasca-bedah jantung terjadi pada 35 (13,6%) anak, henti jantung 13 (5%), operasi jantung ulang 10 (3,9%), dan gagal organ multipel 19 (7,4%). Faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan meningkatnya komplikasi pasca-bedah jantung yang berat adalah peningkatan kadar laktat darah [OR 30,7 (IK 95% 8,1-117,6)], PJB sianotik [OR 4,4 (IK 95% 1,2-15,8), dan pemakaian inotropik yang tinggi [OR 7,8 (IK 95% 1,6-38,9)]. Skor faktor risiko ≥ 3 mampu memprediksi anak yang mengalami komplikasi berat pasca-bedah jantung dengan sensitivitas skor 93,9% dan spesifisitas skor 84,2%, dan area di bawah kurva receiver operating characteristic (ROC) adalah 0,94.Simpulan: Mortalitas di rumah sakit pasca-bedah jantung anak sebesar 12,7% dan mortalitas 30 hari pasca-bedah 13,6%. Komplikasi berat lain pasca-bedah 13,6%. Faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan meningkatnya komplikasi pasca-bedah jantung yang berat adalah peningkatan kadar laktat darah, PJB sianotik, dan pemakaian inotropik tinggi pasca-bedah jantung. Skor faktor risiko ≥ 3 mampu memprediksi anak yang mengalami komplikasi berat pasca-bedah jantung dengan sensitivitas skor 93,9% dan spesifisitas skor 84,2%.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Outcome of children with cardiac surgery is important to evaluate the performance of cardiac surgery program. Identifying the risk factors for major adverse events after cardiac surgery is also important to improve patient care.Objective: To evaluate the incidence of short-term outcome in children after cardiac surgery, including mortality, complication or morbidity, major complications, and the risk factors associated with major adverse events (major complications) at the Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted from April 2014 until March 2015. All children conducted cardiac surgery, were monitored from the time the cardiac surgery performed until patients were discharged or deceased. During the follow up of all recruited patients, factors associated with the risk of developing major adverse events were identified.Results: A total of 258 patients were recruited during the study period. Of the total, 134 (51.9%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 53.3±3.8 months. Among the patients, 217 (84.1%) had complications. The most complications occurred after cardiac surgery were hypocalcaemia in 163 (63.2%), hyperglycemia in 159 (61.6%), low cardiac output syndrome in 52 (20.2%), arrhythmia in 48 (18.6%), sepsis in 45 (17.4%), and pleural effusion in 39 (15.1%) children. Further, 49 (19%) of recruited patients had major adverse events (major complications), including in-hospital mortality in 33 (12.7%) and 30-day mortality in 35 (13.6%), cardiac arrest in 13 (5%), the need for re-operation in 10 (3.9%), and multiple organ failure in 19 (7.4%) children. Factors associated with the occurrence of major complications were increase in blood lactate [OR 30.7 (95% CI 8.1-117.6)], cyanotic congenital heart disease [OR 4.4 (95% CI 1.2-15.8), and high inotropes on leaving operating room [OR 7.8 (95% CI 1.6-38.9)]. Risk factor score ≥3 could predict major complications after cardiac surgery with sensitivity of 93.9% and specificity of 84.2%, and area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.94.Conclusion: In-hospital mortality after paediatric cardiac surgery at Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital is 12,7% and 30-day mortality is 13,6%. Increase in blood lactate, cyanotic congenital heart disease, and high inotropes on leaving operating room are associated with mortality and other major complications in children following cardiac surgery. Risk score ≥ 3 can predict the development of major complication in children after cardiac surgery with sensitivity 93,9% and specificity 84,2%.;Background: Outcome of children with cardiac surgery is important to evaluate the performance of cardiac surgery program. Identifying the risk factors for major adverse events after cardiac surgery is also important to improve patient care.Objective: To evaluate the incidence of short-term outcome in children after cardiac surgery, including mortality, complication or morbidity, major complications, and the risk factors associated with major adverse events (major complications) at the Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted from April 2014 until March 2015. All children conducted cardiac surgery, were monitored from the time the cardiac surgery performed until patients were discharged or deceased. During the follow up of all recruited patients, factors associated with the risk of developing major adverse events were identified.Results: A total of 258 patients were recruited during the study period. Of the total, 134 (51.9%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 53.3±3.8 months. Among the patients, 217 (84.1%) had complications. The most complications occurred after cardiac surgery were hypocalcaemia in 163 (63.2%), hyperglycemia in 159 (61.6%), low cardiac output syndrome in 52 (20.2%), arrhythmia in 48 (18.6%), sepsis in 45 (17.4%), and pleural effusion in 39 (15.1%) children. Further, 49 (19%) of recruited patients had major adverse events (major complications), including in-hospital mortality in 33 (12.7%) and 30-day mortality in 35 (13.6%), cardiac arrest in 13 (5%), the need for re-operation in 10 (3.9%), and multiple organ failure in 19 (7.4%) children. Factors associated with the occurrence of major complications were increase in blood lactate [OR 30.7 (95% CI 8.1-117.6)], cyanotic congenital heart disease [OR 4.4 (95% CI 1.2-15.8), and high inotropes on leaving operating room [OR 7.8 (95% CI 1.6-38.9)]. Risk factor score ≥3 could predict major complications after cardiac surgery with sensitivity of 93.9% and specificity of 84.2%, and area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.94.Conclusion: In-hospital mortality after paediatric cardiac surgery at Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital is 12,7% and 30-day mortality is 13,6%. Increase in blood lactate, cyanotic congenital heart disease, and high inotropes on leaving operating room are associated with mortality and other major complications in children following cardiac surgery. Risk score ≥ 3 can predict the development of major complication in children after cardiac surgery with sensitivity 93,9% and specificity 84,2%., Background: Outcome of children with cardiac surgery is important to evaluate the performance of cardiac surgery program. Identifying the risk factors for major adverse events after cardiac surgery is also important to improve patient care.Objective: To evaluate the incidence of short-term outcome in children after cardiac surgery, including mortality, complication or morbidity, major complications, and the risk factors associated with major adverse events (major complications) at the Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted from April 2014 until March 2015. All children conducted cardiac surgery, were monitored from the time the cardiac surgery performed until patients were discharged or deceased. During the follow up of all recruited patients, factors associated with the risk of developing major adverse events were identified.Results: A total of 258 patients were recruited during the study period. Of the total, 134 (51.9%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 53.3±3.8 months. Among the patients, 217 (84.1%) had complications. The most complications occurred after cardiac surgery were hypocalcaemia in 163 (63.2%), hyperglycemia in 159 (61.6%), low cardiac output syndrome in 52 (20.2%), arrhythmia in 48 (18.6%), sepsis in 45 (17.4%), and pleural effusion in 39 (15.1%) children. Further, 49 (19%) of recruited patients had major adverse events (major complications), including in-hospital mortality in 33 (12.7%) and 30-day mortality in 35 (13.6%), cardiac arrest in 13 (5%), the need for re-operation in 10 (3.9%), and multiple organ failure in 19 (7.4%) children. Factors associated with the occurrence of major complications were increase in blood lactate [OR 30.7 (95% CI 8.1-117.6)], cyanotic congenital heart disease [OR 4.4 (95% CI 1.2-15.8), and high inotropes on leaving operating room [OR 7.8 (95% CI 1.6-38.9)]. Risk factor score ≥3 could predict major complications after cardiac surgery with sensitivity of 93.9% and specificity of 84.2%, and area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.94.Conclusion: In-hospital mortality after paediatric cardiac surgery at Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital is 12,7% and 30-day mortality is 13,6%. Increase in blood lactate, cyanotic congenital heart disease, and high inotropes on leaving operating room are associated with mortality and other major complications in children following cardiac surgery. Risk score ≥ 3 can predict the development of major complication in children after cardiac surgery with sensitivity 93,9% and specificity 84,2%.]"

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"Tujuan : membandingkan efektifitas dan keamanan antara teknik fakofragmentasi dan fakoemulsifikasi yang dilakukan pada katarak senilis matur.Metoda : penelitian ini merupakan penelitian prospektif dengan metoda tersamar ganda terhadap 32 pasien katarak senilis matur putih yang dilakukan bedah katarak insisi kecil dengan pemasangan lensa intra okular (LIO). Pasien dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok secara acak,16 pasien menjalani bedah katarak dengan teknik fakofragmentasi (kelompok I) dan 16 pasien lain dengan teknik fakoemulsifikasi (kelompok II). Parameter keamanan adalah perubahan diameter pupil sesaat sebelum pembedahan dan sesaat sebelum implantasi LIO, ketebalan kornea dan jumlah suar di bilik mata depan (BMD). Lama waktu mengeluarkan nukleus, tajam penglihatan tanpa koreksi (TPTK) dan surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) yang terjadi dipakai sebagai parameter efektifitas. Tindak lanjut dilakukan pada hari ke-1, ke-7, ke-15 dan ke-30 pasca bedah.Hasil : tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada variabel usia, tajam penglihatan, ketebalan kornea dan jumlah suar sebelum pembedahan antara kedua kelompok. Rerata diameter pupil sebelum pembedahan dan sebelum implantasi LIO tidak berbeda bermakna, serta tidak didapatkan perubahan konstriksi pupil yang signifikan pada kedua kelompok. Lama waktu mengeluarkan nukleus lebih lama pada kelompok II (4.38+2.51 mnt) dibanding kelompok I (1.98+1.61 mnt). Perbedaan bermakna hanya terjadi pada TPTK (p=0.00067) dan ketebalan kornea (p=0.0044) pada tindak lanjut hari pertama. Namun, tidak didapatkan lagi perbedaan bermakna pada tindak lanjut selanjutnya. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada variabel jumlah suar dan SIA selama tindak lanjut.Kesimpulan : teknik fakofragmentasi dan teknik fakoemulsifikasi yang dilakukan pada katarak senilis matur memberikan hasil keamanan dan efektivitas yang sama baik. Teknik fakofragmentasi tampaknya dapat merupakan suatu alternatif bedah katarak insisi kecil dan dapat menggantikan bedah katarak konvensional, dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas bedah katarak. (Med J Indones 2003; 12: 94-102)

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Purpose : To compare the effectiveness and safety of phacofragmentation and phacoemulsification techniques on senile white mature cataract.

Methods : Prospective, double masked, randomized study comprises 32 eyes of senile white mature cataract randomly divided into 2 groups, 16 eyes had phacofragmentation (group I) and 16 eyes had phacoemulsification (group II). The evaluated safety parameters were pupil diameter pre surgery and prior to intra ocular lens (IOL) implantation, corneal thickness and flaremeter. Nucleus delivery, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) were the effectiveness parameters. Follow-up were scheduled for post-operative day 1,7,15 and 30.

Results : prior to the surgery there were no significant differences in age, visual acuity, corneal thickness and flaremeter between two groups. Pre surgical and prior to IOL implantation mean pupilarry diameters in both groups were not significantly different. There was no significant difference in pupillary constriction on both groups. The mean of time to deliver the nucleus was significantly longer in the group II (4.38+2.51 min) than in the group I (1.98+1.61 min). There was significant difference on UCVA (p= 0.00067) and corneal thickness (p=0.0044) only on the first post-operative day. However, there was no significant difference on further evaluations (p>0.05). There were also no significant difference on flaremeter and SIA during follow-up.

Conclusion : Both phacofragmentation and phacoemulsification techniques were effective and safe for cataract surgery on senile white mature cataract. Phacofragmentation technique therefore could be an alternative small incision cataract surgery. (Med J Indones 2003; 12: 94-102)"