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Hasil Pencarian

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Luthfi Syafei
"ABSTRAK
Di Indonesia angka kematian bayi (AKB) cukup tinggi bahkan paling tinggi di Asia Tenggara. Angka kematian bayi merupakan salah satu indikator yang penting untuk menilai tingkat kesejahteraan suatu bangsa.
Kematian bayi neonatal (0-30 hari) di Indonesia memberikan proporsi terbesar dibanding dengan proporsi segmen kematian bayi lain dalam angka kematian bayi 0-1 tahun. Secara nasional proporsinya ± 40% (Depkes RI, 1991). Di Kabupaten lndramayu 1990 proporsi kematian bayi neonatal itu ± 47% dari kematian bayi 0-1 tahun.
Salah satu kemungkinan penyebab yang berhubungan dengan kematian neonatal adalah anemia ibu hamil.
Masalah anemia pada ibu hamil sudah menjadi masalah nasional dan prevalensi anemia ibu hamil di Indonesia antara 50 - 70% (SKRT,I992).
Penelitian ini bertujuan ingin mendapatkan gambaran tentang seberapa besar hubungan anemia ibu hamil dengan kematian bayi neonatal di Kecamatan Sliyeg dan Gabus Wotan, Kabupaten Indramayu, Jawa Barat.
Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan disain kohort retrospektif dengan data sekunder yang diambil dari data hasil penelitian Study Prospektif KB-Kes oleh PUSKA III di Kecamatan Sliyeg dan Gabus Wotan, Kabupaten lndramayu, Jawa Barat tahun 1991-1992.
Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa bayi yang dilahirkan oleh :
- Ibu hamil dengan anemia berat mempunyai resiko kematian bayi neonatal lebih tinggi 3,36 kali dibanding dengan bayi yang dilahirkan oleh ibu hamil dengan anemia ringan. Hubungan ini bermakna secara statistik dengan p=0,O2.
- Ibu hamil dengan anemia berat mempunyai resiko kematian bayi neonatal lebiih tinggi 1,88 kali dibanding dengan bayi yang dilahirkan oleh ibu hamil tidak anemia.
Dari hasil analisis stratifikasi didapatkan bahwa terdapat faktor-faktor lain yang merupakan faktor resiko dan dapat mempengaruhi hubungan ibu hamil dengan anemia berat dan ibu hamil tidak anemia yaitu antara lain : jarak kelahiran, berat bayi lahir, pelayanan antenatal , umur ibu.

ABSTRACT
Infant mortality is still high in Indonesia and even the highest in Southeast Asia. Infant mortality rate constitute one of significance factors to find out a prosperous rank of a nation.
Proportion of neonatal mortality (0-30 days) in Indonesia is the highest among other mortality within the first year of life. The proportional is 40% at national wide (Department of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, 1991). Meanwhile, by 1990, neonatal mortality proportion at district Indramayu was 47% of the infant mortality. One factor that is contributory to neonatal mortality is anemia in pregnant mother. The anemia of pregnant mother is a national problem with prevalence between 50% - 70% (SKRT, 1992).
The objective of this research is to find out relationship between pregnant mother with anemia and neonatal death at both sub-district Sliyeg and Gabus Wetan, District of Indramayu - West Java.
This research is conducted through a cohort retrospective design with secondary data taken from the result of Study Prospective of Family Planning and Health conducted by PUSKA UI at the two sub-districts in 1991-1992.
Research findings are babies delivered by:
- Pregnant mother who is suffering severe anemia has neonatal death risk about 3,36 times higher than those born by mother suffering from mild-anemia, and this correlation is statistically significant with p=0,02.
- Pregnant mother who is suffering severe anemia has neonatal death risk about 1,88 times higher then those born by mother without suffering from anemia.
Other factors which are considered as other risk factors and influencing the correlation of pregnant mother with severe anemia and those without anemia and neonatal mortality are: birth distance period, weight of delivery baby, antenatal care, mothers age of delivery.;Infant mortality is still high in Indonesia and even the highest in Southeast Asia. Infant mortality rate constitute one of significance factors to find out a prosperous rank of a nation.
Proportion of neonatal mortality (0-30 days) in Indonesia is the highest among other mortality within the first year of life. The proportional is 40% at national wide (Department of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, 1991). Meanwhile, by 1990, neonatal mortality proportion at district Indramayu was 47% of the infant mortality. One factor that is contributory to neonatal mortality is anemia in pregnant mother. The anemia of pregnant mother is a national problem with prevalence between 50% - 70% (SKRT, 1992).
The objective of this research is to find out relationship between pregnant mother with anemia and neonatal death at both sub-district Sliyeg and Gabus Wetan, District of Indramayu - West Java.
This research is conducted through a cohort retrospective design with secondary data taken from the result of Study Prospective of Family Planning and Health conducted by PUSKA UI at the two sub-districts in 1991-1992.
Research findings are babies delivered by:
- Pregnant mother who is suffering severe anemia has neonatal death risk about 3,36 times higher than those born by mother suffering from mild-anemia, and this correlation is statistically significant with p=0,02.
- Pregnant mother who is suffering severe anemia has neonatal death risk about
1,88 times higher then those born by mother without suffering from anemia.
Other factors which are considered as other risk factors and influencing the correlation of pregnant mother with severe anemia and those without anemia and neonatal mortality are: birth distance period, weight of delivery baby, antenatal care, mothers age of delivery.
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1995
T-Pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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"It was reported that the correlation between some risk factors and the low birth weight (LBW) was significant. ...."
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Savitri Sayogo
Jakarta: Balai Penerbit Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2007
612.3 SAV g
Buku Teks SO  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Fitrianingsih
Depok: Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia, 2010
S26721
UI - Skripsi Open  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Ade Saprudin
Depok: Universitas Indonesia, 2006
T41251
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Sandra Fikawati
Jakarta: Rajawali, 2015
613.2 SAN g
Buku Teks SO  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Hananto Wiryo
Jakarta : Sagung Seto , 2002
613.043 2 HAN p
Buku Teks SO  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Ahmad Sadiq
"Anemia gizi merupakan masalah defisiensi gizi yang terbanyak dan merupakan penyebab anemia terbesar pada kchamilan. Di Indonesia anemia gizi pada ibu hamil masih menjadi masalah gizi utama yaitu sebesar 40,1 % (SKRT 2001). Tczjadinya anemia gizi pada ibu hamil disebabkan oleh banyak faktor, yaitu rendahnya asupan besi, gangguan absorpsi dan kehilangan besi akibat perdarahan menahun, disamping status penyakit yang diderita ibu hamil seperti malaria, infeksi casing, HIV/AIDS dan penyakit genetik (thalassemia).
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan prevalensi anemia gizi ibu hamil serta mengidentifikasi faktor - faktor yang berhubungan dengan kcjadian ibu hamil Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin Tahun 2008. Penelitian ini mengglmakan' pendekatan kuantitatif dcngan desain: ,wtcng !in!ang. Sampel adalah ibu hamil trimester I, II dan III yang terpilih melalui prosedur pemilihan sampel dengan metode random sampling.
Junlah sampel seluruhnya adalah 228 ibu hamil. Cara pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode multisrage. Sebagai kluster adalah desa yang diambil sebanyak 30 desa dari 206 deca yang ada di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin. Desa dipilih secara acak proposional. Variabel dependen penelitian ini adalah kadar Hb ibu hamil yang diukur dengan metode sahli, sedangkan variabel independen terdiri dari umur ibu, LILA, paritas, pekerjaan, jarak kehamilan, riwayat penggunaan alat kontrasepsi, asupan zat besi, makanan sumber heme dan non heme, makanan peningkat dan penghambat absorpsi zat besi, TTD, pengetahuan tentang anemia, iingkat pendidikan ibu dan tingkat ekonomi.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi anemia gizi ibu hamil di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin sebesar 42,5 %. Berdasarkan usia kchamilan, prevalensi anemia gizi lebih tinggi pada ibu hamil trimester I (63,7 %) dibandingkan dengan trimester 1] (39,1 %) dan trimester IH 39,1 %). Sebagian besar responden berada pada umur yang tidak berisiko untuk hamil (20 - 35 tahun), tidak berisiko dalam paritas dan LILA. Seluruh ibu hamil (100%) telah melakukan ANC dengan jumlah yang bervariasi di tiap trimester. Terdapat 21,9 % responden yang belum pemah mendapatkan TTD, yang sebagian besar dialami oleh ibu hamil trimester I. Sebanyak 56,2 % mengonsumsi zat besi < 90 % AKG, jarang mengonsumsi makanan sumber heme (54,8 %) dan non heme (58,3 %), tetapi sering mengonsumsi makanan peningkat absorpsi Fe (51,3 %).
Hasil uji bivariat dengan Chi-Square, terdapat hubungan yang bexmakna antara umur ibu (nilai p = 0,008, OR ; 2,485), umur kehamilan (nilai p = 0.047, OR : 0,372), jarak kelahiran (nilai p = 0,019, OR : 0,5 12), tingkat pengetahuan (nilai p = 0,024, OR : I ,l43) dengan anemia gizi ibu hamil di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin Tahun 2008.
Hasil akhir analisis multivariat mendapatkan vaxiabel umur ibu merupakan variabel yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan terjadinya anemia gizi ibu hamil Dengan nilai p 0,024, OR : 2,3 (95% CI 1,128 - 4,61 1), sehingga dapat disimpulkan responden dengan umur kehamilan berisiko (<20 dan >35 tahun) berpeluang untuk menderita anemia gizi sebesar 2,3 kali dibandingkan dengan responden yang berada pada kelompok umur aman untuk kehamilan (20 - 35 tahun) setelah dikontrol variabel umur kehamilan, jarak kelahiran, tingkat pendidikan dan pengetahun ibu.
Saran yang diajukan dalam penelitian adalah meningkatkan KIE ibu hamil terutama mengenai anemia gizi, sumber malcanan heme, non heme, peningkat dan penghambat absorpsi F e rnelalui penyuluhan seeara rutin di posyandu dan puskcsmas. serta peningkatan cakupan suplementasi TTD. Terhadap temuan hasil penelitian ini, perlu dilakukan screening anemia pada remaja putri dan wanita sebelum hamil. Perlunya peningkatan kualitas pelayanan terutama dalam pemeriksaan kehamilan.

Anemia is the most nutrition deficiency problem and as the biggest anemia cause in pregnancy. In Indonesia, it still becomes the main nutrient problem (40,1% SKRT 2001). The nutrient anemia ofthe pregnant mother is caused by many factors, example : lack of calcium ,absorption hindrance and lost of calcium caused of chronic bleeding, besides the illness status suffered by pregnant mother such as malaria, wonn infection, HIV/AIDS and genetically illness ( thalasscmia ).
This aim of this research in to have prevalantion of pregnant mother iron deficiency anemia and also to identify some factors related to pregnant woman’s case in Musi Banyuasin regency in 2008. This research uses quantitative rapprochement by cross sectional. The sample is at the first, second and third three semester of pregnant mother selected by stratiication sample of choosing procedures. The totally sample is 228 pregnant mothers.
Sample withdrawal way uses the stratification multistage method. As the cluster is taken 30 villages from 206 which is in Musi Banyuasin Regency. It has taken in a cluster as proportional randomly. Dependent variable of the research is Hb value of pregnant woman measured by sahli method, and independent variable contents of motl1er’s age, mid arm circumstances, parity, job, pregnancy space, calcium consumption, heme and non heme food sources, barrier food of calcium absorption, iron tablets supplementation, anemia knowledge, mothers’ education level and economic level.
The result of this research finds the nutrient anemia of pregnant mother in Musi Banyuasin Regency is totally 42,5%. Based on the pregnancy ages, iron deficiency anemia prevalantion is higher in the first semester of pregnant mother ( 63,7% ) than the second three semester 9 39,l% ) and the third three semester (39,l%). Most of respondents are in save ages of pregnancy ( 20-35 years old ) and has lower risks parity and mid ann circumtances.
Bivariat test result with Chi-square, found significant relationship between mother’s ages (p:0,008, OR 2,485), pregnancy ages (p:0.047, OR 0,372), pregnancy space (p:0,019, OR 0,5l2), knowledge level (p:0,024 OR l,l43) with anemia of pregnant mother in Musi Banyuasin in 2008.
The final result of mothers’ age analysis totally OR = 2,3 with 95% CI 1,128 - 4,661 1, so it can concluded that respondent with risk of pregnancy ages (<20 and >35 years old) have chance to suffer iron deficiency anemia for 2,3 times higher than others respondents who are in save old of pregnancy (20-35 years old) afier being controlled by pregnancy ages variable, pregnancy space, education level and mothers’ knowledge.
The suggestion is improvement of pregnant mothers BIC, specifically about nutrient anemia, heme and non heme food sources, increasing and barrier of iron pills supplement. For this research result, it needs to have anemia screening to girls and woman before being pregnant. Services Quality improvement is also needed especially in pregnancy checking up, motivate and controlling the pregnant mother to have iron pills supplement regularly.
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Depok: Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia, 2008
T34578
UI - Tesis Open  Universitas Indonesia Library
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