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"In this article, the author addresses the problem of violence towards women, with a focus on the violence in ethnic conflict and armed conflict. She takes the view that any legal system should be seen as having three components, i.e., legal substance, legal structure and legal culture, and that none of these components protect women from acts of violence. Citing articles from the criminal code, the authors show how the laws cannot protect women who are victims of violence and how some articles of the code in fact perpetuate injustice toward women. Following this, she shows how law enforcement officers who constitute the legal structure lack any gender awareness in their handling of cases. Finally, the attitudes and beliefs toward the law is the legal culture encourages the view that women are the property of men, especially in times of armed conflict. "

"Salah satu fenomena yang sangat penting pasca perubahan Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 adalah berkembang pesatnya lembaga-lembaga negara mandiri (state auxiliary agencies) dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia. Lembaga-lembaga tersebut dibentuk dengan dasar hukum yang berbeda-beda, baik dengan konstitusi, undangundang, bahkan ada yang dibentuk dengan keputusan presiden saja. Lembagalembaga ini seringkali disebut dengan Lembaga Non Struktural. Skripsi ini membahas mengenai bagaimana perkembangan Lembaga Non Struktral di Indonesia pasca era reformasi yang lebih spesifik menganalisa tentang kedudukan Komisi Nasional Anti Kekerasan terhadap Perempuan sebagai Lembaga Non Struktural.Bentuk penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan metode kualitatif. Lembaga Non Struktural di Indonesia berkembang sangat pesat setelah adanya perubahan UUD 1945 pada tahun 2002 lalu. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukannya pembahasan mendalam mengenai Lembaga Non Struktural yang ada di Indonesia agar lembaga lembaga baru yang bersifat independen ini tidak semakin menjamur, salah satunya dengan dibuat peraturan yang jelas menerangkan bagaimana ciri, syarat, dan urgensi untuk membentuk Lembaga Non Struktural. Dalam menganalisa, Komnas Perempuan dapat dikatakan sebagai LNS yang memiliki fungsi sebagai National Human Right Institution yang berfungsi mengawasi pelaksanaan dari hak-hak perempuan agar tidak terjadi pengabaian, pelanggaran HAM warga negara, serta melakukan upaya-upaya perlindungan dan pemajuan HAM.

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A phenomenon that is very important after the amendment of the Constitution of 1945 is the rapid growth of independent state institutions (state auxiliary agencies) in the state system of Indonesia. These institutions formed by different legal basis, it can be formed with the constitutional mandate, acts, and some have formed by presidential decree only. These institutions are often called as non-structural institutions. This thesis will discuss about the development of Non Structural Agencies after reformation in Indonesia, specifically analyzing in the position of National Commission Anti Violence Against Women as an Non Structural Agencies.This research is using normative juridical method, with qualitative data analysis. Non Structural institutions in Indonesia is rapidly growing after the amandement of 1945 constitution in 2002. Therefore, further research about Non Structural Agencies in Indonesia is necessary to be done. In order to reduce excessive independent agencies, which have been established earlier, we need to make an explicit regulation that explains characteristic features, and also the requisite urgencies in creating a new Non-Structural Agencies. In analyzing, Komnas Perempuan can be regarded as LNS that has a function as a National Human Rights Institution that watch the implementation of women's rights in order to avoid negligence, violation of human rights of citizens, and the efforts to protect and promote of human rights as well."

"Karya akhir ini disusun untuk menganalisis penyebarluasan anti-feminisme di media sosial sebagai bentuk gendered hate online dan kekerasan terhadap perempuan. Penulisan karya akhir ini menggunakan analisis wacana kritis feminis oleh Lazar terhadap 11 cuitan akun Twitter @txtdarifeminis. Dengan menggunakan konsep gendered hate online, kekerasan terhadap perempuan, dan teori analisis wacana kritis feminis, karya akhir ini membuktikan bahwa cuitan akun Twitter @txtdarifeminis melakukan gendered hate online dan kekerasan terhadap perempuan. Gendered hate online dalam unggahan akun ini mulai dari tindakan yang mengandung sifat misoginistik dan seksis (shaming, labeling, stereotip gender, rape culture, dan victim blaming) sampai pada penyebaran gagasan yang salah tentang feminisme. Sedangkan, kekerasan terhadap perempuan dalam karya akhir ini terbagi dalam dua bentuk, yaitu kekerasan simbolik dan ancaman kekerasan fisik.

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This paper discusses the analysis of the widespread of anti-feminism on social media as gendered hate online and violence against women. This paper uses feminist critical discourse analysis technique and data were collected from 11 tweets of Twitter account, @txtdarifeminis. This paper uses the concept of gendered hate online, violence against women, and the theory of feminist critical discourse analysis. This paper proves that tweets from account @txtdarifeminis did gendered hate online and violence against women. Gendered hate online on these tweets included actions that contained misogynistic and sexsism (such as shaming, labeling, gender stereotype, rape culture, and victim blaming) to disseminated false idea of feminism. Violence against women in this paper divided into symbolic violence and physical violence threat."

"Penelitian ini berisi tentang perlindungan perempuan korban KDRT pada masa pandemi Covid-19 dari disiplin Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh peningkatan angka kasus kekerasan terhadap perempuan khususnya KDRT pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Keterbatasan ruang gerak serta menurunnya perekonomian menimbulkan frustasi bagi sebagian besar masyarakat yang dapat meningkatkan agresivitas. Perempuan sebagai kelompok rentan, memiliki potensi yang tinggi untuk menjadi korban kekerasan. Sehingga, urgensi dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat upaya perlindungan yang dilakukan oleh Komnas Perempuan sebagai Lembaga Nasional Hak Asasi Manusia dalam rangka mencegah dan menanggulangi kekerasan terhadap perempuan serta meningkatkan perlindungan dan kesejahteraan perempuan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada Mei 2022 hingga Oktober 2022 melalui studi literatur dan wawancara semi terstuktur pada lima informan dari Komnas Perempuan, LBH Apik Jakarta dan Yayasan Pulih. Kelima informan tersebut dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sesuai dengan kriteria informan yang dibutuhkan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam melakukan upaya perlindungan perempuan korban KDRT pada masa pandemi Covid-19, Komnas Perempuan memberikan rekomendasi kebijakan ke berbagai lembaga pemerintah, melakukan layanan pengaduan dan rujukan serta melakukan Kampanye 16 HAKTP setiap tahunnya. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberi sumbangsih bagi program studi Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial khususnya dalam mata kuliah Perundang-undangan Sosial terkait dengan perlindungan sosial dan mata kuliah Kebijakan dan Perencanaan Sosial terkait dengan kebijakan sosial.

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This research is about protection of women victims of domestic violence during the Covid-19 pandemic from the Social Welfare Science discipline. This research is motivated by an increase in the number of cases of violence against women, especially domestic violence during the Covid-19 pandemic. Space limitations as well as economic decline cause frustration for the majority of society which can increase aggressiveness. Women as a vulnerable group, have a high potential to become victims of violence. Therefore, the urgency of doing this research is to see the social advocacy efforts made by the National Commission on Violence Against Women as a National Human Rights Institution in order to prevent and cope with violence against women as well as increasing the protection of women in Indonesia. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive research design. Data collection was carried out from May 2022 to October 2022 through literature studies and semi-structured interviews with five informants from the National Commission on Violence Against Women, LBH Apik Jakarta and Yayasan Pulih. The five informants were selected using a purposive sampling technique according to the informant critetia needed in this research. This research showed that in doing protection of women victims of domestic violence during the Covid-19 pandemic, the National Commission on Violence Against Women provide policy recommendations to various government institutions, carry out complaint and referral services as well as doing 16 HAKTP Campaign every year. The results of this research are expected to be able to contribute in Social Welfare Science study program especially in social law course related to social protection and social policy and planning courses related to social policies."