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"Four flavanoid glycosides have been isolated from the leaves of crotalaria anagyroides.The glycosides are 1 pigenin-7-O-B-D- apiofuranosyl (1--->6)-B-glucopyranosida,2) apigenin 7-O-B-D-apiofuranosyl (1-->2)-B-glucopyranoside,3)chrysoeriol 7-O-B-D-apiofuranosyl (1--->6)-B-D-glucopyranosida,4)chrysoeriol 7-O-B-D-apiofuranosial (1--->2)-B-D-glucopyranoside.Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods of UV,H,13C and 2D-NMR DEPT,COSY and HMBC experiments"

"Four flavonoid glycosides have been isolated from the leaves of Crotalaria anagyroides. The glycosides are 1) apigenin 7-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl (1!6)-β-gluco pyranosida, 2) apigenin 7-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl (1!2)-β-glucopyranoside, 3) chrysoeriol 7-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl (1!6)-β-D-glucopyranoside, 4) chrysoeriol 7-O-β-D-apiofuranosil (1!2)-β-D-glucopyranoside. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods of UV, 1H, 13C and 2D-NMR DEPT, COSY and HMBC experiments."

"The higher plants are hospes for one or more endophytic microbes.Microbes can make one or more biological compounds that predicted as aconsequence from coevolution or transferred genetic to microbes in themutualism simbiosis to parasitism. Microbes can also produce secondarymetabolites similar with their hospes.Endophytic microbes have been known to be potential as the sourcesof active compound for medicines by growing in Phoma media. In the future,prospectively the active compound for medicines not have to extract from thetree or chemical synthesis. Khamir isolated (Fn) from Cinchona pubsscens,Vahl had been identified as Sporidiobolus salmonlcolor will produce theactive compounds similar to their hospes.This study was aimed to isolate and elusidate the chemical stucture ofcinchona alkaloid from the fermentation product of endophytic microbes InPhoma media. The study has been carried out at Natural ProductLaboratory, Research Centre for Biotechnology, Indonesian Institute ofSciences, Ciblnong, Bogor from March - December 2002.The Isolated the khamir (Fn or Sporidiobolus salmonicolor ) wasIncubated In Phoma media for 14 days. The fermentation culture wasseparated between biomass and supematan and extracted with CHCI3 anddried. Purification carried out by column chromatography (Si02, CHCI3 -CH3OH), and the obtained chinchona alkaloid was identified by HPLC.Determination of chemical structure was based on Ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS)spectra, Fourier transform Infra red spectrometry (FTIR), Gaschromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) and data Nuclear magneticresonance spectra (^H and ^^C-NMR, DEPT, 'H-^H COSY ; COSY)The Fermentation results that production of cinchona alkaloids optimalat eighth days and yielded cinchona alkaloids 32,81 mg/L."

"Serbuk kering talus lichen Ramalina Javanica Nyi, yang dikumpulkan dari Kebun Raya Nasional Cibodas, Jawa Barat, pertama-tama diekstraksi sinambung dengan n-heksana menggunakan soklet. Ekstraks dari hasil ekstraksi pertama kemudian dipisahkan melalui kromatografi kolom menggunakan campuran n-heksana : chloroform = 1 : I (v/v). Dan pemisahan ini dapat diisolasi 90 mg kristal murni jingga dengan titik leleh 203°C (Senyawa A).Ampas kering dari ekstraksi pertama itu, kemudian melalui cara yang sama, diekstraksi lebih lanjut dengan aseton. Hasilnya kemudian dipisahkan melalui kromatografi lapis tipis preparatif (sebagai fasa mobil: campuran n-heksana : etil asetat = 3:2). Dan pemisahan ini dapat dihasillcan 27 mg serbuk kuning dengan titik leleh = 153°C (Senyawa B).Berdasarkan pada sifat fisik (titik leleh dan putaran optis) dan data perbandingan spektroskopi dapat ditentukan struktur dua senyawa yang diisolasi itu. Senyawa A dikenal sebagai parietin (C16 H12 Os). Sementara senyawa B merupakan suatu senyawa baru golongan antrakuinonDari jenis jenis senyawa yang diketemukan di dalam lichen. Kerangka dasarnya mirip parietin, tetapi rantai sampingnya lebih panjang daripada gugus yang terdapat pada parietin, dengan satu pusat asimetrik pada C-1?. Oleh karena itu diusulkan senyawa B sebagai R- (+}- 1,8- dihidroksi -3- (1'- hidroksi -3'-butanoil) -6-metoksi antrakuinon (C19 H16 O7).Dari hasil uji pendahuluan aktivitas antibakteri dengan menggunakan metoda Konsentrasi Hambatan Minimum (KHM) dan metoda difusi agar terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli, menunjukkan bahwa ekstraks dari fraksi n-heksana dan aseton mempunyai aktivitas yang rendah dibandingkan dengan antibiotik ampisilin (memberikan hasil negatif).

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The dried powder of thallus lichen Ramalina Javanica Nyl_ which collected from the National Botanical Garden, Cibodas, West Java, first continuously extracted with n-heksane by using sohxlet apparatus. The raw extract from the first extraction was then separated over coloumn chromatography by using mixture of n-heksane : chloroform = 1: 1 (vlv) as eluent. From this separation can be isolated 90 mg pure orange crystal with melting point = 203°C (Compound A).The dried residu from the first extraction, was then by same way, continuously extracted with acetone. The resulted extract was then separated over preparative thin layer chromatography (mixture of n-heksane : ethyl acetate = 3 : 2 as mobile phase). From this separation can be yielded 27 mg yellow powder with melting point = 253°C (Compound B).Based on the physical properties (melting point and optical rotation), spectroscophical and comperative data can be elucidated the structure both isolated compounds. Compound A was identified as (C16H12O5), meanwhile compound B was proposed as new compound at the anthraquinone's class of the lichen constituent types. Its base skeleton likes parietin, but its side chain is longer than side chain of parietin, with one assyrnetric center at the C-1'. Therefore it is proposed that compound B as R- (+) -1,8-dihidroxy -3- (1' -hidroxy -3' -butanoyl) -6-methoxy anthraquinone (C 19H16 O7).The result of antibacterial activity pretest using concentration minimum inhibition and gel diffuse method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli showed that raw extract from n-heksane and acetone fraction has low activity compared with amphicylin antibiotic (given negative result)."

"Garcinia termasuk famili Clusiaceae yang mempunyai kontribusi yang besar untuk kesehatan karena mengandung senyawa yang mempunyai bioaktivitas yang potensial diantaranya sebagai antioksidan. Berbagai kandungan kimia dari berbagai spesies Garcinia telah dilaporkan, diantaranya senyawa golongan xanton, kumarin, flavonoida dan terpenoid. Salah satu spesies dari genus Garcinia yang tumbuh di Indonesia adalah Garcinia benthami Pierre. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan struktur senyawa kimia hasil isolasi ekstrak aseton dan metanol dari daun Garcinia benthami Pierre, serta melakukan uji antioksidan dengan metode DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil). Isolasi senyawa dilakukan dengan teknik kromatografi dan penentuan struktur molekul dilakukan dengan metode spektroskopi: massa (LC-MS), inframerah (IR), UV, resonansi magnet inti proton (1H-NMR) dan resonansi magnet inti karbon (13C-NMR), DEPT serta spektroskopi NMR-2D (HMQC dan HMBC). Dari data spektroskopi diatas, dua senyawa murni berhasil diisolasi yaitu GBP-1 dan GBP-2. Senyawa GBP-1 yang memiliki rumus molekul C30H50O diidentifikasi sebagai friedelin dan senyawa GBP-2 yang memiliki rumus molekul C13H8O6 diidentifikasi sebagai 1,3,6,7-tetrahidroksi-xanton. Hasil uji antioksidan dengan metode DPPH pada GBP-1 tidak memperlihatkan aktivitas antioksidan dengan IC50 267,51 µg/mL, sementara senyawa GBP-2 memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang kuat dengan IC50 8,01 µg/mL.

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Garcinia belong to Clusiaceae family have a large contribution for health, because this family content some potential bioactive compounds among as antioxidants. Chemical contain from some species of Garcinia have reported as xanthones, terpenoids, coumarins and flavonoids. Garcinia benthami Pierre is one of Garcinia species in Indonesia. This research was intended to isolate, elucidate and measure biological active compounds from aceton and methanol extract of Garcinia benthami Pierre leaves.

The isolation was conducted through the chromatographyc technique and elucidation structures by spectroscophyc: mass spectrometry (LC-MS), infra red (IR), UV, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and NMR-2D (HMBC and HSQC). as well as to conduct antioxidant test by using DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil) method from the isolated compounds. Based on spectroscophyc data , two compounds have been found : GBP-1 and GBP-2. GBP-1 which has molecular formula C30H50O was identified as friedelin and GBP-2 which has molecular formula C13H8O6 was predicted as 1,3,6,7- tetrahydroxy-xanthone. The result of antioxidant test to DPPH on the GBP-1 did not show antioxidant activity IC50 267.51 µg/mL and the GBP-2 showed antioxidant DPPH radical scavenging with IC50 8.01 µg/mL."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang isolasi dan elusidasi untuk mendapatkan senyawa aktif dari kulit batang tanaman Calophyllum hosei Ridley. Isolasi didahului dengan ekstraksi menggunakan pelarut n-heksana. Ekstrak yang diperoleh dimurnikan melalui kromatografi kolom lambat dengan fase diam silika gel G 60(Merck 1.07734) dan larutan pengelusi adalah n-heksana dengan etil asetat yang dibuat isokratik dengan perbandingan 98:2. Satu senyawa kimia berhasil diisolasi dari ekstrak n-heksana. Senyawa tersebut berupa kristal kuning dengan titik leleh 185-187°C. Pada isolasi berikutnya dari ekstrak etil asetat berhasil diperoleh kristal putih dengan titik leleh 210-212oC. Senyawa tersebut didapat dengan menggunakan perbandingan n-heksana : etil asetat = 9:1. Fraksinasi dilanjutkan dengan pemurnian rekristalisasi menggunakan sistem dua pelarut. Struktur molekul ditentukan berdasarkan spektrum UV, IR, LC-MS, GCMS, 1H-NMR dan 13C-NMR. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa isolat fraksi n-heksana merupakan turunan santon dan isolat fraksi etil asetat merupakan senyawa triterpen yaitu friedelin. Uji antioksidan menggunakan metode radical scavenger terhadap DPPH pada fraksi n-heksana, fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi nbutanol menghasilkan IC50 berturut-turut adalah 58,29 µg/mL, 9,39 µg/mL dan 11,30 µg/mL. Uji aktivitas senyawa turunan santon dan friedelin terhadap sel leukimia L 1210 menghasilkan IC50 berturut turut adalah 4,82 µg/mL dan 5,76 μg/mL µg/mL. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kedua senyawa aktif sebagai anti kanker.

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Research was conducted to obtain the active compound from the stem bark of Calophyllum hosei Ridley. Extraction of stem bark of C.hosei Ridley using nhexane for 6 days. The extract was run on column chromatography with the stationary phase silica gel G 60 (Merck 1.07734) and the solvent system were nhexane and ethyl acetate with 98:2 ratio. The compound was isolated from nhexane extract is a yellow crystals with melting point 185-187°C. Subsequent compound of the ethyl acetate extract is white crystals with a melting point of 210-212oC. The compounds was obtained by using the ratio of n-hexane: ethyl acetate = 9:1. The molecular structure determined were base on data of UV, IR, LC-MS, GC-MS, 1H and 13C-NMR. The xanthone derivate was isolated from nhexane extract while from ethyl acetate extract was friedelin. Antioxidant test method against DPPH radical scavenger showed the extract of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol showed value IC50 58,29 µg/mL; 9,39 µg/mL dan 11,30 µg/mL. The compounds against L 1210 leukemia cells showed IC50 4,82 µg/mL and 5,76µg / mL for xanthone derivate and friedelin respectively. Both of compounds are active as anticancer."