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"ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian untuk : 1) Mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan yang menjadi landasan pengoperasian pelayanan; 2) Mengidentifikasi tingkat kepuasan masyarakat mengenai pelayanan peternakan melalui penilaian masyarakat dan tingkat kepentingan masyarakat serta persepsi manajemen; 3) Memperoleh informasi mengenai pelaksanaan peraturan pelayanan peternakan; 4) Mengidentifisi jenis-jenis pelayanan yang dapat dikembangkan oleh Dinas Peternakan DKI Jakarta.Penelitian dilaksanakan di Wilayah DKI Jakarta, yang melipuii Kantor Dinas Peternakan, 5 Kantor Suku Dinas Kotamadya, masyarakat yang bergerak di bidang produksi dan pasca produksi peternakan di wilayah Jakarta selama tiga bulan (Juli 1998 sampai dengan September 1998). Metode yang digunakan adalah survey dengan jumlah sampel seluruhnya 114 responden terdiri dari 54 orang pegawai dan 60 orang pengusaha yang bergerak di bidang peternakan. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah kuesioner dan wawancara untuk mengetahui pelayanan peternakan.Hasil penelitian mengenai pelayanan yang diberikan Dinas kepada masyarakat telah sesuai dengan peraturan, dan pasal 30 ayat 2 Peraturan Daerah Nomor 8 Tahun 1989 tidak dilaksanakan. Pelayanan menurut penilaian masyarakat tidak memuaskan ditunjukan oleh rata-rata (2,52), menurut harapan masyarakat yang diukur dan tingkat kepentingan masyarakat adalah tinggi (4,21) dan menurut persepsi manajemen adalah cukuup (3,20). Secara statistik terdapat perbedaan yang sangat signifikan antara penilaian masyarakat, kepentingan dan persepsi manajemen.Tingkat kesesuaian antara penilaian dan kepentingan mayarakat pada dimensi tangibles = 72,3%; dimensi reliability = 50,7%; dimensi responsiveness = 69,4%; dimensi assurance = 53,9%; dan dimensi empathy = 53,5%. Tingkat kesesuaianya rendah, itu berarti pelayanan peternakan secara keseluruhan tidak memuaskan. Berdasarkan analisis penilaian dan kepentingan masyarakat perbaikan dapat diusahakan :a) pelayanan yang penanganannya diprioritaskan (pemeriksaan laboratorium); b) pelayanan yang penanganannya dipertahankan (fasilitas RPH); c) pelayanan yang dinilai kurang penting tapi pelaksanaannya cukup (pemeriksaan ante mortem); dan d) pelayanan yang dinilai mayarakat tidak terlalu penting tapi pelaksanaannya berlebihan (kondisi fisik kantor).

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ABSTRACT

Animal Husbandry Services In DKI JakartaObjective of the research: I) To assess legal and regulatory frameworks in which operation of the services should be based upon; 2) to identify the satisfaction level of the public on the animal husbandry services through public value level of need of the public and management perceptions; 3) To gather information from the public on the implementation the service regulations of the animal husbandry; 4) to identify type of services which could be improved and expanded by the Dinas Peternakan (Animal Husbandry Division) of the DKI Jakarta.

Research were conducted in the Wilayah DKI Jakarta, which consist of Office of the Dinas Peternakan, 5 (five) offices of Dinas Peternakan Kotamadya, and general public which involved in the production and post production of animal husbandry in the DKI Jakarta area for three months (July 1998 through September 1998). The method utilized is by surveying a sample of 114 respondent consisted of 54 civil servants and 60 business persons working in animal husbandry. The survey utilized questioners and interviews to collect data.

The result of the assessment shows that the services provided by Dinas Peternakan is generally in accordance with the regulations, except that Paragraph 30.2 of the Regional Regulation Number 811989, which has not been implemented. According to the public, the service they received is not satisfactory, as shows by the average (2.52), while public expectation measured by public need is high (4.21) and the perceptions of the management is medium (3.20). Statistically, there is a very significant different between the public values public need and management perceptions.

Level of conformity between value and public's need at the tangible dimension is 72.3%; at reliability dimension is 50.7%; responsiveness is 69.4%; assurance is 53.9% and emphaty is 53.5%. These conformity levels are low and its mean in general the animal husbandry service is not satisfactory. Based on the analysis of value, and the need of the public improvement could made on the following areas: a) service which should be priorities (laboratory examination); b) service which the implementation should be maintained (slaughtering house facilities); c) service which is not important but the the implementation is adequate (monitoring of meat outside the slaughtering house); and d) service which in the view of public is not too important but the implementation is too much (physical condition of the office)."

"Based on the growth trend of GDP and its multiplier effect,livestoc sub sector is a potential resource for new source of agricultural growth sector....."

"Potensi startup di Indonesia sangat tinggi. Pada tingkat Asia Tenggara, Indonesia menempati posisi kedua ekosistem startup yang mempunyai valuasi terbesar serta menjadikan Indonesia di posisi pertama dengan jumlah startup terbanyak di tahun 2020. Sektor industri peternakan ayam yang mempunyai potensi tinggi dengan total produksi ayam broiler mencapai 3,2 juta ton pada tahun 2020. Melihat startup mempunyai potensi yang besar, namun kebanyakan startup hanya memiliki usia di bawah dua tahun. Hal tersebut dikarenakan startup seringkali tidak dapat menemukan customer mereka dengan mudah, produk yang belum market fit dan model bisnis yang masih membutuhkan pengembangan. Chickin saat ini mempunyai 100 peternak yang berpotensi menjadi mitra, yang mana peternak tersebut menggunakan produk IoT Chickin namun belum bermitra dengan Chickin. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melakukan product improvement dan merumuskan model bisnis startup sehingga terbentuk minimum viable product (MVP) yang product-market fit. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara kualitatif menggunakan metode customer development. Tahap pertama dari penelitian ini yaitu melakukan analisis model bisnis startup poultry sejenis untuk menghasilkan model bisnis kompetitor. Setelah itu dilakukan iterasi menggunakan customer development. Pada tahap customer discovery dilakukan pemetaan value proposition canvas (VPC) yang selanjutnya dibuat MVP-nya. Responden pada penelitian ini yaitu peternak Chickin di wilayah Jawa Tengah dan Yogyakarta sebagai pengguna IoT Chickin. Penelitian ini memiliki masing - masing lima responden yang dilakukan wawancara pada tahap penyusunan VPC dan customer validation. Minimum viable product yang diujikan kepada peternak mendapatkan conversion rate sebesar 100%. Dari penelitian ini terbentuk model bisnis dan high fidelity MVP yang menjawab product-market fit.

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The potential for startups in Indonesia is very high. At the Southeast Asia level, Indonesia occupies the second position in the startup ecosystem, which has the largest valuation and puts Indonesia in the first position with the highest number of startups in 2020. The poultry industry sector has high potential, with a total production of broiler chickens reaching 3,2 million tons in 2020. Startups have great potential, but most are only under two years old. This is because startups often need help finding their customers easily, products that are not yet a market fit, and business models need to improve. Chickin currently has 100 farmers who have the potential to become partners. The farmers use Chicken's IoT products but have yet to partner with Chickin. This research aims to improve the product and formulate a startup business model so that a minimum viable product (MVP) that product-market fit. This research was conducted qualitatively using the customer development method. The first stage of this research is to analyze a similar poultry startup business model to produce a competitor's business model. After that, iteration is carried out using customer development. At the customer discovery stage, a VPC is mapped, which is then made a MVP. Respondents in this study were Chickin farmers in Central Java and Yogyakarta as IoT Chickin users. This study had five respondents each who were interviewed at the stage of preparing the VPC and customer validation. The MVP that is tested on farmers gets a conversion rate of 100%. From this research, a business model and a high fidelity MVP have formed that answer the product- market fit.

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"Ternak dari Bali telah dimasukkan ke Timor oleh Pemerintah Hindia Belanda sekitar tujuhpuluh tahun yang lalu, sehingga peternakannya sudah menjadi bagian yang penting dalam penghidupan sosio-ekonomi masyarakat Timor sejak saat itu. Karenanya Timor menjadi pengekspor ternak sejak Perang Dunia II. Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur senantiasa dianggap sebagai salah satu penghasil ternak paling besar di Indonesia. Dan peternakan merupakan salah satu penunjang pokok eko- nomi NTT. Suksesnya sistem paron menyebabkan peningkatan ekspor ternak NTT dari 18.000 pada tahun 1975 menjadi lebih dari 70.000 ekor pada tahun 1990. Pada tahun 1991 populasi ternak NTT adalah 675.990 ekor atau 6,3% dari jumlah nasional."

"Asuransi Usaha Ternak Sapi dan Kerbau merupakan produk asuransi yang penting bagi peternak dalam menghadapi bahaya yang mengancam usaha ternaknya. Penelitian ini membahas (1) pengaturan Asuransi Usaha Ternak Sapi dan Kerbau di Indonesia; (2) pengaturan mengenai Asuransi Usaha Ternak  Sapi dan Kerbau di Vietnam; dan (3) risiko kematian akibat PMK sebagai risiko yang ditanggung dalam Asuransi Usaha Ternak Sapi dan Kerbau. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan metode analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat beberapa perbedaan antara peraturan asuransi usaha ternak sapi di Indonesia dan Vietnam mengenai besaran subsidi premi yang diberikan oleh Pemerintah, risiko yang ditanggung oleh asuransi, dan wilayah yang dapat menerapkan Asuransi Usaha Ternak Sapi dan Kerbau. Pembahasan selanjutnya adalah PMK yang merupakan penyakit yang berdampak besar pada usaha peternakan yang mana seharusnya ditanggung oleh asuransi mengingat PMK termasuk dalam risiko fundamental. Meski demikian, manajemen risiko tetap diperlukan untuk mencegah penyebaran kerugian atau meminimalkan kerugian yang timbul. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah harus mengakui PMK sebagai risiko yang ditanggung oleh asuransi untuk industri sapi dan kerbau di Indonesia.

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Cattle and Buffalo Business Insurance is an important insurance product for farmers in facing the risks that can endanger their livestock business. This study discusses (1) regulation on Cattle and Buffalo Business Insurance in Indonesia; (2) regulation on Cattle and Buffalo Business Insurance in Vietnam; and (3) risk of death due to FMD as a risk covered by Cattle and Buffalo Business Insurance. The research method used is normative juridical with qualitative analysis methods. The results of this study can be concluded that there are several differences between the regulations of cattle and buffalo business insurance in Indonesia and Vietnam regarding the amount of premium subsidies provided by the Government, the risks borne by insurance, and the areas that can apply Cattle and Buffalo Business Insurance. The next discussion is FMD, which is a disease that has a major impact on livestock business, which should be covered by insurance considering that FMD is a fundamental risk. However, risk management is still needed to prevent the spread of losses or minimize losses that arise. Therefore, the government must recognize FMD as a risk covered by insurance for the cattle and buffalo industry in Indonesia."

"Credit was useful for farmer capital to increase their farming input. Through the existence of credit the productivity and the income of farmer would be increasing. This research was carried out in Nita and Alok sub district, Sikka regency, on July until September 2004. The objective of this study was to calculate the operational efficiency and the income of pig farming, before getting credit and after getting credit in loan degrees of Rp. 500,000 until Rp. 1,500,000 (credit A) and Rp. 2,000,000 until Rp. 3,000,000 (credit B) and to analyze the influencing factors of income. The material of the study was pig farmers who received credit facility which chosen by purposive and stratified random sampling. Variables which was investigated includes the cost and farm receiving, business scale, mortality, pig species, the value of credit, invesment value and the experience in pig farming. Survey was applied to collect the data and the data were analyzed by multiple regression model, student t test and the quantitative descriptive analysis. The result of the study showed that: 1). The income of pig farming after credit was relatively the same to the income before credit at level of the loan from Rp 500,000 until Rp 1,500,000; 2) the income of pig farming after the credit was lower than the income before credit on the level of credit B; 3) the income of the farmer who got loan of credit A and credit B was relatively the same; 4) the mortality variable gave negatif influence significant (pO.Ol) on pig farming income of farmer, who received the Subdistrict Development Program credit in Sikka Regency."

"Peternakan ayam PT Indocentral telah berdiri sejak tahun 1979. Beberapa waktu lalu, peternakan ini mendapat protes dari masyarakat di sekitarnya akibat gangguan bau dan lalat yang ditimbulkannya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat pengaruh peternakan ayam ini terhadap kualitas udara mikrobiologis dan kesehatan pekerja serta masyarakat di sekitarnya. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif yang melibatkan 38 responden dan pengukuran kualitas udara mikrobiologis dengan menggunakan metode Environmental Microbial Sampler sebanyak 12 sampel. Kualitas udara mikrobiologis dilihat berdasarkan konsentrasi jamur dan bakteri. Pengaruh kesehatan yang dilihat berupa gejala umum yang diderita akibat paparan mikrobiologis di udara yang akan dianalisis dengan korelasi rank Spearman. Rata-rata konsentrasi jamur di udara pada peternakan ayam PT Indocentral sebesar 28,17x103 CFU/m3 dan bakteri sebesar 23,98x103 CFU/m3. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran di lokasi bedeng, didapatkan konsentrasi jamur maksimum di udara sebesar 44,73x103 CFU/m3 yang berada pada bedeng 1 dan konsentrasi bakteri maksimum sebesar 12,19x103 CFU/m3 berada pada bedeng 2. Berdasarkan jenis kandang, didapatkan bahwa konsentrasi bakteri yang lebih kecil berada pada jenis kandang cage-housed daripada floor-housed. Sedangkan konsentrasi jamur yang didapatkan lebih besar berada pada kandang ayam dewasa jenis kandang cage-housed daripada kandang ayam kecil jenis kandang floor-housed. Konsentrasi jamur dan bakteri di udara mengalami kenaikan seiring bertambahnya umur ayam. Konsentrasi bakteri di udara semakin menurun seiring semakin jauhnya lokasi pengukuran dari kandang ayam. Sedangkan konsentrasi jamur menurun dari lokasi pengukuran yang berada pada tengah kandang hingga jarak 10 m dari kandang ayam, namun kemudian mengalami kenaikan pada jarak 19 m dari kandang ayam dan jarak 25 m dari kandang ayam. Hasil penelitian tidak menunjukkan adanya korelasi yang bermakna antara kualitas udara mikrobiologis dengan kesehatan pekerja dan masyarakat sekitar peternakan ayam PT Indocentral. Upaya untuk meminimalisasi resiko terpaparnya mikroba udara yang mengganggu kesehatan pekerja dan masyarakat sekitar peternakan meliputi pemberantasan bibit penyakit dari sumbernya, pengendalian penyakit pada media penularan atau transmisi, pengendalian proses pajanan dan pengobatan penyakit.

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PT Indocentral poultry farming has been established in 1979. Several years ago, this farming had protests from the community surrounding caused of odor and flies coming from this farm. Therefore, this research conducted to determine the influence of this farm to microbiological air quality and the health of employees and people surrounding.

The study is quantitative research utilized 38 respondents and measured of microbiological air quality by using Environmental Microbial Sampler method as many as 12 samples. Microbiological air quality can be seen based on concentrations of fungi and bacteria. Their influence to the human health can be seen as general symptoms were suffered caused of microbiological exposure in the air, then will be analized by rank Spearman?s correlation. The average concentration of fungi in the air on PT Indocentral poultry farming was 28.17x103 CFU/m3 and average concentration of bacteria was 23.98x103 CFU/m3.

Based on measuring results at worker houses, were obtained maximum concentration of fungi 44.73x103 CFU/m3 around worker house 1 and maximum concentration of bacteria as big as 12.19x103 CFU /m3 around worker house 2. Based on type of cage, concentration of bacteria on cage-housed was fewer than floor-housed. On the other hand, concentration of fungi which obtained on cage-housed for adult hen was bigger than floor-housed for little hen.

Concentration of bacteria and fungi in the air increased along with hen age. Concentration of bacteria in the air decreases along with distance location of the measurement from hen cage. On the other hand, concentration of fungi in the air decreased from location of measurement on the middle cage until 10 meters from hen cage, but afterwards concentration of fungi increased on location of measurement 19 meters from hen cage and 25 meters from hen cage.

The results showed no significant correlations between microbiological air quality with health workers and communities around PT Indocentral poultry farm. Effort to minimize risk exposure caused of microorganism in air which had negative influence to worker and community health such as removal germ at the source, controlling disease in spreading media or transmision, controlling exposure process and medical treatment."