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"ABSTRAKKeserasian hubungan antara lingkungan hidup dan tumbuhnya kawasan industri perlu dijaga dan diatur, supaya beban limah industri tidak merusak sumberdaya kehidupan. Pemantauan Air Buangan Industri Kimia Dasar di Kawasan Industri Tangerang adalah salah satu upaya untuk mengetahui tingkat pembebanan badan-badan sungai oleh limbah industri tersebut. Sehubungan dengan ini telah dilakukan analisa air buangan industri-industri yang tergabung dalam Industri Kimia Dasar, meliputi dua industri ban, lima industri fiber sintetik, tip. indus.tri kertas, Dan dua industri resin sintetik.Di antara industri-industri ini ada beberapa yang sudah melakukan pengolahan limbah. Namun sampai berapa jauh hasil usaha pengolahan limbah ini dapat diandalkan untuk tidak mengganggu kelestarian lingkungan hidup, baru dapat dilihat dari hasil pemantauan.2. T U J U A NTujuan pemantauan ialah untuk mendapatkan data tentang keadaan lingkungan khususnya air buangan di sekitar industri kimia dasar di Kawasan Industri Tangerang."

"ABSTRAKIndonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang ikut serta pada SDGs dimana salah satu sasarannya adalah peningkatan pelayanan air bersih dan sanitasi yang diiringi dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan PVC. Industri soda kostik / klor menghasilkan air limbah mengandung merkuri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui waktu kontak optimum penyisihan konsentrasi merkuri dengan bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa menggunakan Trickling Filter (TF) dengan nutrisi dari air limbah domestik. TF merupakan unit pengolahan biologis dengan biomassa terlekat. Kinerja TF diketahui melalui eksperimental menggunakan sistem batch dengan waktu kontak 2, 4, 6, dan 8 jam. Air limbah yang digunakan merupakan buatan dengan konsentrasi merkuri 4,3 mg/L yang melebihi baku mutu PerMen LH No 5 Tahun 2014 sehingga perlu diolah. Sedangkan air limbah domestik pada penelitian memiliki konsentrasi COD berkisar 302 ? 375 mg/L, BOD 194,3 mg/L, N 89 mg/L, dan P 2,96 mg/L yang memenuhi rasio BOD/COD (≥ 0,5) dan nutrisi untuk bakteri (BOD:N:P = 60:30:1) sehingga berpotensi dijadikan nutrisi bakteri. Waktu kontak optimum agar memenuhi PerMen LH No 5 Tahun 2014 tidak didapatkan tetapi efisiensi penyisihan merkuri berkisar 96,4 ? 97,8 %. TF dirancang menjadi two-stage dengan waktu kontak 2 jam dan memiliki diameter 8 m dan tinggi 5 m.

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ABSTRACTIndonesia is one of the participant countries in the SDGs where aimed at improvement of clean water access and sanitation services which are accompanied with the increasing the need of PVC. Chlor-alkali industry produce wastewater containing mercury. This study aims to determine optimum contact time of mercury concentrations that wiil be used as a design criteria of Trickling Filter (TF) unit. TF is an attached biological treatment unit. TF?s performance was knowledge through experimental process using batch system with 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours contact time. The chlor-alkali industry wastewater is artificial with mercury concentrations 4.3 mg/L which exceeded the quality standard of PerMen LH No. 5 of 2014 so the wastewater needs to be treated. While municipal wastewater in the study had a COD concentration ranges from 302-375 mg / L, BOD 194.3 mg / L, N 89 mg / L, and P 2.96 mg / L which meets ratio BOD / COD (≥ 0.5) and nutrients for bacteria (BOD: N: P = 60: 30: 1) so the municipal wastewater potentially to be used as bacterial nutrients. The optimum contact time in order to meet the PerMen LH No. 5 of 2014 are not met but the mercury removal efficiency ranged from 96.4 to 97.8%. TF designed as a two-stage with a contact time of 2 hour and had a diameter of 8 m and height of 5 m."

"FOG deposit (FD) adalah kumpulan minyak dan lemak di saluran pembuangan air limbah yang dapat menyebabkan penyumbatan dan akumulasi gas yang dapat mengakibatkan ledakan di jaringan tertutup. FD membawa tantangan serius bagi pemeliharaan dan pengoperasian sistem pembuangan limbah karena dampak negatifnya. Dengan mempertimbangkan karakteristik air limbah, penelitian ini berupaya menganalisis laju pembentukan FD pada jaringan air limbah di Jakarta Selatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan sampel dari dua lokasi berbeda untuk membandingkan kondisi saluran air limbah yang tidak memiliki FD dan memiliki FD (A dan B secara berurutan). Hasil wawancara dan observasi menunjukkan bahwa rumah makan dan catering Padang merupakan sumber utama pencemar yang mempengaruhi pembentukan. Konsentrasi FOG pada sampel B 2 x 107 kali lebih besar dibandingkan sampel A, sedangkan konsentrasi TSS 1,8 x 104 kali lebih besar. Eksperimen reaktor selama 8 jam dilakukan dengan menggunakan toples dan balok beton sebagai media pengendapan untuk melihat proses pembentukannya. Sampel B menghasilkan akumulasi yang signifikan (0,72% minyak mengendap setelah 8 jam), sementara reaktor sampel A gagal menunjukkan tanda-tanda pembentukan. Asam lemak bebas (FFA) yang dominan adalah asam palmitat (51%) yang menyebabkan endapan relatif lebih padat. Software pemodelan OriginLab digunakan untuk menganalisis perhitungan laju agregasi dan menghasilkan nilai k = 0,41/jam untuk reaktor B. Rata-rata error dengan model yang diperoleh sebesar 6,17%, sehingga model dapat dikatakan memiliki prediksi yang baik.

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FOG deposits (FD) are significant aggregation of fat, oil, and grease in sewerage that can cause blockages and gas accumulation that may result in explosions in closed networks. FD carries serious challenges for the maintenance and operation of sewerage systems because of its negative impacts. By considering the characteristics of the wastewater, this study seeks to analyze the formation rate of FD South Jakarta's sewerage system. This study has been conducted using samples from two different locations to compare the condition of sewerage that doesn't have FD and has FD (A and B, respectively). The results of both interviews and observations indicate that rumah makan padang and catering are the primary sources of contaminants that influence the formation. The FOG concentrations in sample B were 2 x 107 times greater than those in sample A, while the TSS concentrations were 1.8 x 104 times greater. An 8-hour reactor experiment was conducted using a jar and concrete blocks as settling media to see the formation process. While sample B produced significant accumulation (0.72% oil precipitated after 8 hours), sample A's reactor failed to display any signs of formation. The dominant free fatty acid (FFA) is palmitic acid (51%), which causes the deposit to be relatively denser. OriginLab modeling software was used to analyze the calculation of the aggregation rate, resulting in k = 0.41/hour for reactor B. The average error with the model obtained is 6.17%, so the model can be said to have good predictions. "

"Air limbah pada suatu daerah kawasan industli merupakan salah satu sumber pencemaran lingkungan yang sangat potensial dan dapat menyebabkan turunnya kualitas air, sehingga dibutuhkan suatu sistem pengolahan yang sesuai dengan karateristik air limbah. Proses pengolahan limbah secara biologis yaitu dengan menggunakan Iumpur aktif merupakan salah satu altematif yang dapat digunakan dalam mengatasi pencemaran air limbah pada suatu kawasan industri.Proses lumpur aktif ( activated sludge ) adalah proses penumbuhan mikroba dalam media tersuspensi. Proses ini pada dasamya merupakan proses pengolahan aerobik yang mengoksidasi material organik menjacli C02 dan HgO, NI-I4 dan sei biornassa baru. Proses ini menggunakan udara yang disalurkan melalui pompa blower ( diifused ) sehingga sel miktroba membentuk flok yang akan mengendap ditangki penjernihan. Kemampuan bakteri dalam membentuk flok menentukan dalam keberhasilan pengolahan limbah secara biologis, karena akan memudahkan pemisahan partikel dan air limbah.Karakteristik limbah cair pada Kawasan Industri PT. Surya Cipta Swadaya di daerah Teluk Jambe Kabupaten Karawang sesuai dengan Surat eputusan Gubemur Kepala Daerah Tingkat I Jawa Barat No 6 tanggal 13 Maret 1999, tergolong pada Golongan Baku Mum Limbah Cair Kelas [I (dna). Sistem pengolahan limbah cair dengan menggunakan sistem Lumpur aktif pada kawasan industri PT. Surya Cipta Swadaya ini mampu mengolah limbah cair sebesar 3.670 m 3 per hari. Proses pengelolahan limbah cair ini terbagi atas beberapa tahap, yaitu:- Proses penyaringan kasar 0 Proses penyaringan halus dengan menggunakan Grit Chamber.- Proses pencampuran limbah cair (penghomogenan) di Equalization Tank.- Proses Penetralisasian limbah cair di Netralization Tank.- Proses penguraian bahan organik yang terkandung didalam limbah denan sistem lumpur aktif di Aeration Tank.- Proses pemisahan air yang telah bersih dengan lumpur aktif yang berasal dari Aeration Tank dan penambahan zat kimia pada proses desinfeksi.- 0 Proses pengendapan lumpur alctif yang tidak digunakan lagi, yang kemudiaii dipress dengan flter press.Unit pengolahan limbah cair ini di evaluasi dan rancang untuk mengatasi peningkatan debit limbah cair yang berada dikawasan industri PT. Surya Cipta Swadaya. Debit limbah cair ini meningkat dikarenakan bertambahnya pabrik-pabrik yang akan dibangun serta mengantisifikasi perluasan daerah kawsan industri.Pengumpulan data-data meliputi data.-data primer, yaitu data-data yang berada dilapangan meliputi kunjungan kelokasi unit pengolahan limbah, penga.rnatan,, wawancara, pengambilan sample buangan air limbah dan pengambilan gambar-gambar yang diperlukan dan data-data sekunder yang dapat diperoleh dengan menanyakan langsung kepada karyawan yang bersangkutan Serta studi literatur-literatur yang berhubungan dengan masaiah yang akan dibahas."

"Sektor pengelolaan limbah domestik menghasilkan emisi GRK dalam jumlah signifikan. Pengelolaan air limbah di Indonesia didominasi dengan sistem on-site, akan tetapi minimnya studi mengenai emisi GRK dari kegiatan pengelolaan limbah pada sistem on-site. Sehingga pemilihan sistem pengolahan air limbah menentukan besarnya emisi yang dihasilkan seperti metana (CH4), karbon dioksida (CO2) dan dinitrogen oksida (N2O).Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa dan memproyeksi emisi gas rumah kaca dari skenario BAU dan tiga alternatif skenario dari kegiatan pengelolaan air limbah dengan sistem setempat (on-site) di Kota Depok periode 2017-2040, serta merekomendasikan skenario terbaik dan alternatif strategi untuk mencapai target skenario tersebut dengan analisa SWOT. Ruang lingkup yang dihitung meliputi proses pengolahan air limbah domestik, proses pengolahan lumpur, konsumsi bahan bakar untuk pengumpulan lumpur, dan kegiatan konsumsi listrik untuk operasional IPLT dengan menggunakan metode IPCC (2006) dan faktor emisi. Data didapatkan dari kegiatan operasional IPLT, wawancara dengan pihak terkait, dan juga data masterplan Kota Depok.Total emisi yang dihasilkan pada tahun 2017 sebesar 232,45 Gg CO2eq, yang terdiri atas 232,39 Gg CO2eq emisi langsung dan 0,0662 Gg CO2eq emisi tidak langsung. Emisi tersebut meningkat sebesar 70,51% di tahun 2040 berdasarkan kondisi BAU. Studi ini menunjukan bahwa skenario ketiga merupakan skenario terbaik dalam usaha penurunan emisi GRK, dimana penurunan mencapai 50,34% di tahun 2040 dari kondisi BAU, dengan intervensi berupa pemanfaatan biogas pada IPAL Komunal dan unit anaerobic digester di IPLT.

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The biggest source of liquid waste is from household activities, so that good management of wastewater is very important so it does not cause problems for the environment or public health. Good management of wastewater also needs to take into account the emissions generated from the treatment. The selection of a wastewater treatment system determines the amount of emissions produced such as methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O).

The purpose of this study is to analyze and project greenhouse gas emissions from the BAU scenario and three alternative scenarios from on-site wastewater management activities in Depok City for the 2017-2040 period, and recommend the best scenarios and alternative strategies to achieve the target scenario is a SWOT analysis. Emission levels are calculated from domestic wastewater treatment processes, sludge treatment processes, fuel consumption for mud collection, and electricity consumption activities for the IPLT operation using the IPCC method in 2006.

Total emissions generated in 2017 amounted to 232.45 Gg CO2eq, which consists of 232.39 Gg of direct emissions CO2eq and 0.0662 Gg of indirect emissions CO2eq. These emissions increased by 70.51% in 2040 based on BAU conditions. This study shows that the third scenario is the best scenario in reducing GHG emissions, where the decline reached 50.34% in 2040 from BAU conditions, with interventions in the form of biogas utilization in Communal WWTPs and anaerobic digester units in the IPLT."

"Produksi tahu di Indonesia menghasilkan limbah cair membentuk emulsi dan lebih pekat dibanding limbah tempe karena adanya proses penggilingan kedelai menjadi bubur, bersifat asam akibat penambahan asam saat penggumpalan tahu, dan berbau. Limbah cair tahu dapat diuraikan oleh mikroorganisme air, namun hal ini akan mengakibatkan berkurangnya kadar oksigen terlarut dalam air dan menimbulkan dampak terhadap ekosistem dan lingkungan sehingga masih membutuhkan metode pengolahan yang lebih efektif.Penelitian ini mengombinasikan ultrafiltrasi membran polisulfon dan osmosis balik dengan pretreatment berupa proses koagulasi-flokulasi dengan koagulan tawas. Proses koagulasi-flokulasi dilakukan dengan variasi dosis koagulan 100 ppm, 200 ppm, 300 ppm, 400 ppm, 500 ppm, 600 ppm, 700 ppm, dan 800 ppm, proses ultrafiltrasi dengan variasi tekanan umpan 0,5 bar, 1 bar, 1,5 bar, dan 2 bar, sedangkan osmosis balik dilakukan dengan variasi tekanan umpan 4 bar, 5 bar, dan 6 bar. Limbah cair tahu memiliki karakteristik pH 3-5, TSS 600-1200 mg/L, kekeruhan 800-1400 FAU, TDS 1200-1600 mg/L, COD 5000-8000 mg/L, dan BOD 4600 mg/L.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa koagulasi-flokulasi yang optimal terjadi pada dosis tawas 300 ppm dengan hasil penyisihan TSS sebesar 82%, ultrafiltrasi optimal terjadi pada tekanan 0,5 bar dengan penyisihan TSS 93,6%, TDS 88%, kekeruhan 92,4%, dan COD 95,1%, serta osmosis balik optimal terjadi pada tekanan umpan dengan penyisihan TSS 100%, TDS 99%, kekeruhan 100%, dan COD 98,8%, di mana persentase penyisihan BOD total adalah 99,6%.

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Tofu industry in Indonesia produces wastewater as its byproduct, which forms emulsion and more concentrated than tempeh wastewater as a result of soybean grinding process to form solid soy pulp, morevover it has acidic properties for its coagulation process with acid coagulant. Tofu wastewater can be degraded by water microorganism with reducing dissolved oxygen level in water as a drawback, and eventually impacts the environment.

This study aims to process tofu wastewater by combining ultrafiltration by polysulfone membrane and reverse osmosis with coagulation-flocculation by aluminum sulfate as pretreatment. Coagulation-flocculation was conducted with coagulant dose of 100 ppm, 200 ppm, 300 ppm, 400 ppm, 500 ppm, 600 ppm, 700 ppm, and 800 ppm, while ultrafiltration was conducted with feed pressure variation of 0,5 bar, 1 bar, 1,5 bar, and 2 bars, and reverse osmosis was conducted with feed pressure variation of 4 bars, 5 bars, and 6 bars. Tofu wastewater feed has characteristics of pH value of 3-4, TSS 600-1200 mg/L, turbidity 800-1400 FAU, TDS 1200-1600 mg/L, COD 5000-8000 mg/L, and BOD 4600 mg/L.

Experimental result showed that optimum coagulation-flocculation occured at aluminum sulfate dose of 300 ppm with TSS rejection  of 82%, optimum ultrafiltration occured at 0,5 bar feed pressure with rejection value of TSS 93,6%, TDS 88%, turbidity 92,4%, and COD 95,1%, as well as optimum reverse osmosis occured at 6 bars feed pressure with rejection value of TSS 100%, TDS 99%, turbidity 100%, and COD 98,8%, where overall BOD rejection was 99,6%."

"ABSTRAKLimbah yang dalam persepsi manusia dipandang sebagai barang yang harus disingkirkan karena mengandung logam berat yang dapat membahayakan makhluk hidup, ternyata dalam beberapa hal masih dapat digunakan kembali (reuse) atau didaur-ulang (recycle). Dalam hal pemanfaatan limbah tersebut, beberapa penelitian terdahulu memberikan gambaran bahwa lumpur limbah sebagai hasil akhir dari suatu proses pengolahan limbah, dapat digunakan sebagai pupuk organik pada tanaman. Potensi tersebut perlu dimanfaatkan mengingat kuantitas jumlah limbah sebagai hasil sampingan dari suatu produk industri berkorelasi positif dengan kuantitas jumlah produk yang dihasilkan.Di dalam upaya penanganan dan pengendalian limbah yang semakin lama semakin remit dan komplek, maka pemusatan industri dalam suatu lokasi dalam bentuk industrial estate, kawasan berikat, lahan peruntukan industri, perkampungan industri kecil, atau sentra industri merupakan langkah yang sangat strategis.Berkaitan dengan upaya tersebut, maka keuntungan yang dapat diperoleh adalah bahaya adanya pencemaran lingkungan dapat diminimalisasi dan proses daur ulang (recycle) limbah yang masih mungkin dimanfaatkan kembali (reuse) untuk keperluan lain dapat dilakukan dengan efisien .Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut di atas, maka percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mengamati pertumbuhan tanaman jagung yang diberi perlakuan pemupukan dengan lumpur limbah industri, menganalisis kandungan logam berat (Cr, Cd, Pb, dan Ni) yang diserap oleh tanaman selama fase pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif, dan menentukan tingkat dosis lumpur limbah industri sebagai pupuk organik yang optimal bagi tanaman. Percobaan ini dilakukan di rumah kaca (green house) dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 (lima) tingkatan dosis lumpur limbah industri ditambah kontrol (tanpa lumpur limbah industri), masing-masing ditambah tanah hingga mencapai total berat 5 kg. Setiap perlakuan diulang 3 (tiga) kali sehingga total jumlah sampel 18 kantong (polybag). Adapun tanaman yang dicobakan adalah tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) varietas Pioner 5 (P5) yang peka terhadap pemupukan.Hipotesis yang diuji pada penelitian ini adalah:1. Penggunaan lumpur limbah industri sebagai pupuk pada tanaman berpengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman jagung yang dicobakan.2. Pemupukan dengan lumpur limbah industri pada berbagai dosis akan memberikan respon yang berbeda terhadap semua parameter tumbuh fisiologis (tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat kering batang, berat kering daun, dan berat kering tongkol buah jagung) yang diteliti. 3. Terdapat perbedaan kandungan logam berat yang diserap oleh bagian tanaman (batang, daun, dan tongkol buah) jagung terhadap lumpur limbah yang diaplikasikan sebagai pupuk.Adapun tingkat dosis campuran Lumpur limbah dan tanah yang digunakan adalah:· LO = 5.000 gr tanah tanpa lumpur limbah (kontrol).· L1 = 4.800 gr tanah + 200 gr lumpur limbah · L2 = 4.600 gr tanah + 400 gr lumpur limbah · L3 = 4.200 gr tanah + 800 gr lumpur limbah · L4 = 3.400 gr tanah + 1.600 gr lumpur lirnbah. · L5 =1.800 gr tanah +.3.200 gr lumpur limbah. Data basil percobaan dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode statistik ANOVA (Analysis of Varians) dengan menggunakan SPSS for MS Window release 6.0 dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Bela Nyata Terkecil (BNT) atau Least Significant Difference (LSD). Sedang lumpur limbah industri yang digunakan serta jaringan organ tanaman dianalisis di laboratorium dengan menggunakan metode titrasi dan Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) untuk mengetahui kadar logam berat yang terlonggokBardasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan kesimpulan:1. Lumpur limbah PT. Kawasan Industri jababeka Cikarang dapat digunakan sebagai pupuk pada tanaman jagung. Hal itu dimungkinkan karena kandungan unsur hara mikro (Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, dan Co) dalam lumpur limbah industri itu cukup tinggi dan dapat diserap oleh tanaman untuk pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatifnya. Pemanfaatanlumpur limbah sebagai pupuk dapat menguntungkan secara fisiologis bagi tanaman. Di samping itu, juga dapat memberi keuntungan dan segi lingkungan di mana kemungkinan pencemaran tanah dan air akibat lumpur limbah industri dapat dikontrol dengan baik.2. Tanaman jagung yang dipupuk dengan lumpur limbah industri secara fisiologis menampakkan daun yang tegak dan keras. Batang tanaman kuat dan mempunyai ruas yang tinggi dan tegak. Kondisi seperti itu terjadi pada semua level dosis pemupukan yang dicobakan, kecuali pada tingkat dosis 3.200 gr lumpur limbah + 1.800 gr tanah (L5). Pada tingkat dosis dengan perlakuan LS, tanaman nampak kerdil dan kekar, ruas batang pendek-pendek sehingga daun berbentuk roset (bertumpuk-tumpuk). 3. Batas toleransi rnaksimal penggunaan lumpur limbah sebagai pupuk organik pada tanaman dari tingkat dosis yang dicobakan adalah 1.600 gr lumpur limbah dalam 3.400 gr tanah. Pemberian lumpur limbah melebihi dosis tersebut akan berpengaruh negatif pada tanaman. Pengaruh negatif yang ditimbulkan adalah tanaman menjadi kerdil dan sistem perakarannya jelek (akar tanaman pendek dan tidak memiliki bulu-bulu akar). 4. Dari hasil percobaan didapatkan tingkat dosis lumpur limbah yang optimal dan toleran untuk pertumbuhan tanaman adalah 400 gr lumpur limbah + 4.600 gr tanah (L2) dart 800 gr lumpur limbah + 4.200 gr tanah (L3). Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dengan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat kering batang dan berat kering daun yang nilai rata-ratanya relatif lebih tinggi dibanding perlakuan lainnya. Selain itu, sistem perakaran tanaman sangat baik. 5. Dibandingkan dengan potensinya, jagung jenis Hibrida varietas Pioner 5 (P5) yang dipupuk dengan lumpur limbah, menghasilkan organ tanaman (batang, daun dan tongkol buah) yang masih jauh dari potensi hasilnya. Hal itu dikarenakan tingkat kesesuaian tanah (media) untuk pertanaman tergolong sedang dan unsur hara makro yang dibutuhkan tanaman relatif masih sangat minim dari kebutuhan yang seharusnya. Berdasarkan kesimpulan di atas, maka untuk aplikasi lumpur limbah agar mendapatkan hasil pertanaman Jagung yang optimal, sebaiknya media tumbuh diberi tambahan unsur NPK karena kandungan unsur NPK dalam lumpur limbah industri tergolong relatif kedl dibanding untuk kebutuhan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman.Akibat adanya komplikasi ekologis yang sering menyertai peningkatan basil produksi pertanian yang dipupuk dengan Sari Kering Limbah (SKL) industri, maka pada setiap dampak positif dari peningkatan produksi jangan pula dilupakan kemungkinan timbulnya hal-hal negatif. Oleh karena itu, pada setiap proyek pembangunan hendaknya perencanaan dan pengelolaan limbah hars dipikirkan sematang-matangnya.Agar keamanan dari penggunaan Lumpur limbah dari kemungldnan bahaya keracunan atau pelonggokan logam berat melalui rantai makana.n, maka disarankan agar aplikasi limbah sebagai pupuk dilakukan pada tanaman nonpangan.

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ABSTRACT

Man's perception on waste is that the material must be removed since it contains heavy metals that can endanger living creatures. However, it turned out that on several occasions it can be reused or recycled. In utilizing waste, several earlier studies showed that sludge as final product of waste processing could be used as organic fertilizer of plants. Such a potential need to be utilized considering the quantity of waste as a by product of an industrial product correlates positively with the quantity of product that is produced.

In an effort towards waste management and control which became increasingly difficult and complicated, hence, centralizing industry in one location in the form of industrial estate, bounded zone, area allocation for industry, small scale industry settlements or industrial centres constitute a very strategical step.

The benefits obtained related to such efforts include minimalization of environmental pollution and recycling of wastes that can still be utilized or reused for other purposes, can still be carried out efficiently.

This experiment then, has as objectives, to observe the growth of maize fertilized by industrial waste sludge, to analyze the heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Pb and Ni) contents absorbed by the plants during the vegetative and generative phases of growth and to decide the dosage of industrial waste sludge as optimal organic fertilizer for plants.

This experiment was carried out in a green house by using the Complete Random Design with 5 (five) different dosages of industrial waste sludge and additional control (without industrial waste sludge)_ Each specimen received additional soil so that a total weight of 5 kg. was achieved. Each were repeated 3 (three) times so that the total number of samples were 18 polybags. The plant used in the experiment is maize of the Pioner 5 (P5) variety that is sensitive towards fertilizers.

The hypothesis tested in this study were:

1. That industrial waste sludge has the chemical elements' composition that can be used as fertilizer to support the growth of plants. Has the waste sludge positive influence on the growth of maize?

2. Different dosages of industrial waste sludge resulted in different responses towards all parameters of physiological growth (height, total number of leaves, dry stem and leaves weigth, and dry corn stalk) under study.

3. The heavy metals' content that were absorbed by the different parts of the plant (stem, leaves, corn stalk) differ towards the waste sludge applied.

The dosages of waste sludge and soil mixtures used were as follows:

L0 = 5.000 gr soil without waste sludge(control)

L1 = 4.800 gr soil + 200 gr waste sludge

L2 = 4.600 gr soil + 400 gr waste sludge.

L3 = 4.200 gr soil + 800 gr waste sludge

L4 = 3.400 gr soil +1 .600 gr waste sludge.

L5 = 1.800 gr soil + 3.200 gr waste sludge.

Data of the experiment was analysed by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with SFSS for MS Window release 6.0. It was then tested by the Least Significant Difference (LSD). Whereas the industrial waste sludge and plant organs' tissue were analized at the laboratory by using the titration method and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) to know the heavy metal concentration.

Based on the study results, the following conclusions can be drawn:

1. The Cikarang Jababeka industry Zone PT. waste sludge can be used as fertilizer on maize plants. Such was made possible because the fertilizer micro elements' content (Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Co) of the industrial waste sludge is sufficiently complete and can be absorbed by the plants for vegetative and generative growths. However, the maximal limit of the dosage level experimented on was 1.600 gr of waste sludge in 3.400 gr soil. The provision of waste sludge exceeding the said dosage will negatively influence the plants. The negative influence took the form of bad roots' system and stunted growth.

2. Maize plants fertilized by industrial waste sludge showed physiologically hard and upright leaves, strong stems with high and upright nodes. Such condition took place for all levels of dosages experimented on, except at 3.200 gr dosage of waste sludge + 1.800 gr of soil (L5). At this dosage level, the plant dwarfs rigidly, the nodes were short so that the leaves took the form of rosettes.

3. The experimental results showed that the optimal and tolerant dosage levels were 400 gr of waste sludge + 4.600 gr of soil (L2) and 800 gr of waste sludge + 4.200 gr of soil (L3). In these cases, the height of the plant, the number of leaves and dry weights of stems and leaves have an average higher value compared with other dosage levels. In addition, the root system was also very good

4. Concentration of heavy metals in the waste sludge of waste processing result of Jababeka Industrial Zone FL is high enough. But if it is compared with the turn of heavy metals in compost fertilizer which is based on Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standard, the contens of heavy metal Cr, Cd, Pb and Ni axe still below the allowed tolerancy limit.

5. Compared to its potential, Hibrid maize of Pioneer variety (P5) fertilized by waste sludge, produced plant organs (stem, leaves and corn stalk) which are far from its potential. Such was caused by the level of media suitability for plants of intermediate group and macro fertilizer elements needed by the plants are still relatively very minimal than what is really needed.

Based on the above conclusions, therefore, to apply waste sludge in order to obtain optimal maize plants' production, the media should be given additional NPK elements. This is due to the minimal NPK contents in industrial waste sludge compared to the needs for growth and production of the plants in question.

For ecological complication often accompanies the increase of agriculture production result which is fertilized with industrial Waste Dry Essence, so do not forget the possibility of appearance of negative effects in every positive impact of production increase. Because of that in every development project the planning and processing of waste should be thought very seriously and widely.

For safety reasons and the possibility of poisioning or accumulation of heavy metals in the food chain, it is recommended that the application of waste sludge as fertilizer is carried out in non-food plants.;The Impact Of Industrial Waste Sludge Aplication As Fertilizer On PlantMan's perception on waste is that the material must be removed since it contains heavy metals that can endanger living creatures. However, it turned out that on several occasions it can be reused or recycled. In utilizing waste, several earlier studies showed that sludge as final product of waste processing could be used as organic fertilizer of plants. Such a potential need to be utilized considering the quantity of waste as a by product of an industrial product correlates positively with the quantity of product that is produced.

In an effort towards waste management and control which became increasingly difficult and complicated, hence, centralizing industry in one location in the form of industrial estate, bounded zone, area allocation for industry, small scale industry settlements or industrial centres constitute a very strategical step.

The benefits obtained related to such efforts include minimalization of environmental pollution and recycling of wastes that can still be utilized or reused for other purposes, can still be carried out efficiently.

This experiment then, has as objectives, to observe the growth of maize fertilized by industrial waste sludge, to analyze the heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Pb and Ni) contents absorbed by the plants during the vegetative and generative phases of growth and to decide the dosage of industrial waste sludge as optimal organic fertilizer for plants.

This experiment was carried out in a green house by using the Complete Random Design with 5 (five) different dosages of industrial waste sludge and additional control (without industrial waste sludge)_ Each specimen received additional soil so that a total weight of 5 kg. was achieved. Each were repeated 3 (three) times so that the total number of samples were 18 polybags. The plant used in the experiment is maize of the Pioner 5 (P5) variety that is sensitive towards fertilizers.

The hypothesis tested in this study were:

1. That industrial waste sludge has the chemical elements' composition that can be used as fertilizer to support the growth of plants. Has the waste sludge positive influence on the growth of maize?

2. Different dosages of industrial waste sludge resulted in different responses towards all parameters of physiological growth (height, total number of leaves, dry stem and leaves weigth, and dry corn stalk) under study.

3. The heavy metals' content that were absorbed by the different parts of the plant (stem, leaves, corn stalk) differ towards the waste sludge applied.

The dosages of waste sludge and soil mixtures used were as follows:

L0 = 5.000 gr soil without waste sludge(control)

L1 = 4.800 gr soil + 200 gr waste sludge.

L2 = 4.600 gr soil + 400 gr waste sludge.

L3 = 4.200 gr soil + 800 gr waste sludge

L4 = 3.400 gr soil +1 .600 gr waste sludge.

L5 = 1.800 gr soil + 3.200 gr waste sludge.

Data of the experiment was analysed by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with SFSS for MS Window release 6.0. It was then tested by the Least Significant Difference (LSD). Whereas the industrial waste sludge and plant organs' tissue were analized at the laboratory by using the titration method and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) to know the heavy metal concentration.

Based on the study results, the following conclusions can be drawn:

1. The Cikarang Jababeka industry Zone PT. waste sludge can be used as fertilizer on maize plants. Such was made possible because the fertilizer micro elements' content (Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Co) of the industrial waste sludge is sufficiently complete and can be absorbed by the plants for vegetative and generative growths. However, the maximal limit of the dosage level experimented on was 1.600 gr of waste sludge in 3.400 gr soil. The provision of waste sludge exceeding the said dosage will negatively influence the plants. The negative influence took the form of bad roots' system and stunted growth.

2. Maize plants fertilized by industrial waste sludge showed physiologically hard and upright leaves, strong stems with high and upright nodes. Such condition took place for all levels of dosages experimented on, except at 3.200 gr dosage of waste sludge + 1.800 gr of soil (L5). At this dosage level, the plant dwarfs rigidly, the nodes were short so that the leaves took the form of rosettes.

3. The experimental results showed that the optimal and tolerant dosage levels were 400 gr of waste sludge + 4.600 gr of soil (L2) and 800 gr of waste sludge + 4.200 gr of soil (L3). In these cases, the height of the plant, the number of leaves and dry weights of stems and leaves have an average higher value compared with other dosage levels. In addition, the root system was also very good.

4. Concentration of heavy metals in the waste sludge of waste processing result of Jababeka Industrial Zone FL is high enough. But if it is compared with the turn of heavy metals in compost fertilizer which is based on Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standard, the contens of heavy metal Cr, Cd, Pb and Ni axe still below the allowed tolerancy limit.

5. Compared to its potential, Hibrid maize of Pioneer variety (P5) fertilized by waste sludge, produced plant organs (stem, leaves and corn stalk) which are far from its potential. Such was caused by the level of media suitability for plants of intermediate group and macro fertilizer elements needed by the plants are still relatively very minimal than what is really needed.

Based on the above conclusions, therefore, to apply waste sludge in order to obtain optimal maize plants' production, the media should be given additional NPK elements. This is due to the minimal NPK contents in industrial waste sludge compared to the needs for growth and production of the plants in question.

For ecological complication often accompanies the increase of agriculture production result which is fertilized with industrial Waste Dry Essence, so do not forget the possibility of appearance of negative effects in every positive impact of production increase. Because of that in every development project the planning and processing of waste should be thought very seriously and widely.

For safety reasons and the possibility of poisioning or accumulation of heavy metals in the food chain, it is recommended that the application of waste sludge as fertilizer is carried out in non-food plants."