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"LATAR BELAKANG : Para pekerja perempuan yang bekerja dalam pabrik sepatu sangat rawan terhadap pajanan uap pelarut organik, dalam hal ini Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) yang masuk melalui jalur inhalasi. Cleh sebab itu perlu diteliti pengaruhnya terhadap fungsi paru.METODE : Desain penelitian adalah crass sectional. Data yang dipakai adalah data sekunder hasil pemeriksaan kesehatan pekerja tahun 2002. Sampel diambil dari pekerja perempuan dari departemen yang paling banyak terpajan uap pelarut MEK, dengan data-data lengkap sesuai dengan faktor yang akan diteliti. Kemudian dibandingkan antara pekerja dari dua departemen untuk melihat pengaruh uap pelarut organik berdasarkan kadar uap pelarut di udara tempat kerja.HASIL DAN KESIMPULAN : Data yang diolah sebanyak 88 kasus. Faktor risiko yang diteliti berkaitan dengan umur, masa kerja dan status gizi. Didapatkan hasil yang tidak bermakna untuk semua faktor risiko lersebut (p.0,05). Hasil penelitian juga tidak menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna dari pengaruh pajanan uap MEK terhadap fungsi paru.

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Influence Of Gas Of Methyl Ethyl Ketone Toward Lung Function Of Female Labor Of Footwear Factory X In Tangerang, 2002BACKGROUND : Female labour, who work at footwear factory, are very fragile toward gas of organic solvent exposure that absorbs through inhalation. This study is performed to analize the influence of gas of Methyl Ethyl Ketone toward lung function.

METHOD : The research uses cross sectional study design with secondary data which is result of labour medical examination in 2002. Samples are female labour from department that mostly expose to gas of MEK whom have complete data. Comparison is also made between two department to analize the influence of gas of organic solvent based on the concentration in working environment air.

RESULT AND CONCLUSION : Total sample are 88 cases. Study is made upon risk

factors as age, working time and nutritional status. Results show there are no relationship between those factors to lung function disorder (p>0,05). There are also no relationship between influence of gas of MEK toward lung function."

"Latar belakangPajanan MEK dan sinar ultraviolet di Departemen Stock Fit dapat menggangu kesehatan, khususnya kesehatan mata pekerja. Prevalensi kasus konjungtivitis sebesar 3 % dikalangan pekerja, termasuk pekerja di Departemen Stock Fit, sangat menarik untuk diteliti lebih jauh, apakah kasus konjungtivitis yang terjadi disini sebagai akibat pekerjaan, atau bukan sebagai akibat pekerjaan.MetodeMenggunakaan metode potong lintang (cross sectional) dan dianalisis secara internal comparation. Sampel diambil dari seluruh pekerja perempuan di 4 bagian Departemen Stock Fit, yang proses produksinya menggunakan cairan primer MEK dan sinar ultraviolet. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara manajemen perusahaan, rekam medis poliklinik, pegisian kuesioner dan informed concept oleh pekerja dan pemeriksaan fisik dan status kesehatan mata oleh dokter perawat.HasilPrevalensi konjungtivitis akibat kerja sebesar 10,9% dari 175 pekerja perempuan Departemen Stock Fit. Pajanan MEK mempunyai risiko 3,56 kali dibandingkan pajanan MEK + sinar ultraviolet untuk menyebabkan konjungtivitis akibat kerja.KesimpulanFaktor yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya konjungtivitis akibat kerja adalah pajanan MEK dan radiasi sinar ultraviolet.

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Background

The exposure of Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) fume and Ultra Violet (UV) light at Stock Fit Department of Shoes industry could influence the eye health of the workers. The prevalence of conjunctivitis among the workers is approximately 3%, including the workers at the Stock Fit Department. Therefore, it is very interesting to find out whether the cases of conjunctivitis in this matter are occupation medicine or not.

Method

This is a cross-sectional study using internal comparison analysis. The sample was all women workers of four Sub-department at Stock Fit Department. which the production process uses MEK liquid and UV light. The data was collected by conducting interview with the manager, reviewing the medical records, filling out questionnaires, and performing physical and eye examination by physician and nurses. Informed consent was obtained from the subjects prior to data collection.

Result

The prevalence of occupational conjunctivitis is approximately 10.9% among 1 75 women workers at Stock Fit Department. The exposure of MEK fume is the only one statistically significant factor to occupational conjunctivitis. It is increasing the risk of occupational conjunctivitis 3.56 times greater than the exposure of both MEK fume and UV light.

Conclusion

Factors related to occupational conjunctivitis are MEK liquid and UV light exposure."

"ABSTRAKScope and Research method : In order to find out the prevalence rate of respiratory obstruction due to exposure to jute's dust and other risk factors, such as work place, age group, length of work, smoking habit, usage of personal protection device, clinical symptom and allergy history, a cross sectional study regarding the influence of jute's dust on lung function among jute factory worker has been done in Tangerang. Total sample of respondent for this study is 135 workers, who are working in 4 working unit in the factory. There are 4 methods of data collection used in this study. First, interview by using Pneumomobile Project Indonesia questioner. Second, physical examination to all employees especially related to respiratory disorder. Third, measurement of lung function using spirometer. Fourth, examination of jute's dust at work place used low volume dust sampler. Result and Conclusion: This study find out the concentration of total jute's dust in high exposure working place is 13,3mg/m3, while in low exposure working place is 1,5 mg/m3. Result of statistic soon significant different (p<0,05). The study also finds out that the prevalence rate of chronic respiratory obstruction among the workers who work in high concentration dust environment is 25,9% and with low exposure is 2,8%. Statistically it is significantly different (p<0,05). There are a significant relationship between occurrence of chronic respiratory obstruction disease and dust concentration, while there are no relationship with age group, length of work, education level, height of body, smoking habit, use of personal protection device, previous clinical symptom and allergy history. The prevalence rate of acute respiratory obstruction among the workers who work in high concentration dust environment is 11,1%, while in low concentration dust environment is 3,7%. Statistically has not significantly different (p0,05). There are no relationship between acute respiratory obstruction disease and work place, age group, length of work, educational level, height of body, smoking habit, use of personal protection device, previous clinical symptom and allergic history. Analysis of smoking habit as risk factor and its relationship with obstruction can't be done since the prevalence rate of smoking habit among the workers is low (1,5%). "

"Latar Belakang : Pekerja di manufaktur sepatu setiap harinya terpajan beragam hazard. Salah satu pajanan adalah pelarut organik. berbagai penelitian melaporkan hubungan yang kuat antara pajanan pelarut organik dengan gangguan fungsi paru obstruksi dan restriksi. Namun belum banyak studi dilakukan untuk mempelajari antara hubungan antara pajanan pelarut organik di manufaktur sepatu dengan faktor-faktor risiko dan gejala klinis gangguan fungsi paru. Metode : Desain potong lintang melibatkan 134 subyek, Cementing n=67 dan stockfit n=67. Pada bagian cementing terpajan pelarut Aseton, bagian stockfit oleh campuran pelarut Aseton dan klorin. Seluruh subyek dilakukan pemeriksaan fungsi paru dengan menggunakan spirometer menilai KVP dan VEP1/KVP. Subyek dilakukan interview untuk mengetahui gejala klinis, riwayat penyakit dahulu dan riwayat pekerjaan. Kadar pelarut organik di kedua tempat diukur. Analisis statistik menggunakan Chi square dengan p0,05. Multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik metode enter. Hasil : Didapatkan 23 orang (17%) mengalami gangguan fungsi paru testriksi. Tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara pejalan pelarut organik, faktor-faktor risiko demografi dan okupasi dengan gejala klinis gangguan fungsi paru restriksi (p>-.05) /disebabkan masa kerja < 10 tahun. Proporsi subyek dengan gejala bronkitis kronik, di cementing 40.3%, stockfit 62.7%. analisis chi-square menegaskan adanya hubungan bermakna. Di bagian cementing, diperoleh hasil berikut, faktor risiko umur (p < 0.015), masa kerja (p < 0.05), dan total kumulatif pajanan p < 0.05). Dan hasil uji regresi logistik didapat bahwa di bagian cementing, masa kerja faktor risiko dominan terhadap gejala bronkitis kronik p. Kesimpulan : Dari studi dapat disimpulkan bahwa pajanan pelarut organik mengakibatkan gejala klinis bronkitis kronik yang berhubungan dengan faktor risiko usia, masa kerja, dan total kumulatif pajanan. Tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara panajan pelarut organik terhadap gangguan fungsi paru. Perlu langkah preventif guna mencegah berkembangnya gejala bronkitis kronik menjadi gangguan fungsi paru. Dilakukan dengan pemakaian alat pelindung diri sesuai dengan pajanan kimia dan pemasangan local exhaust.

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Background : Depending on the kinds of production sites, Shoe factory workers are exposed to many kinds of occupational hazards with one of them being exposure to organic solvent. Organic solvent exposure has been reported to have adverse pulmonary effects including obstructive and restrictive pulmonary diseases. The study aimed to investigate association between organic solvent exposure, risk factor, and clinical symptoms of pulmonary functions impairment among shoe factory workers.

Methods : Cross sectional study group consist of 134 workers in two different production parts i.e cementing n 67 and stockfit n 67. Subjects works in cementing part were exposed to aceton, while in stockfit to a combination of aceton and chlorine. To all subjecs, pulmonary functions testing including measurement of FVC and FEV1 FVC Value were perfomed asking about clinical symptoms and the histories of both their health and work records. Statistic analysis using Chi square p,0,05 and logistic regretion for multivariate.

Result : All of subject, 23 17 suffered from restrictive diseases. However bivariate analysis using chi square did not show significant correlation between organic solvent exposure, demografic risk factors, clinical symptoms and restrictive lung diseases p 0.05. This probably due to the short work duration of the subject 10 years. Despite this observation, it is important to note that the study strongly identified chronic bronchitis symptoms among workers in both cementing 40.3 and in stockfit 62.7. Furthermore chi square analysis showed significant correlation between risk factors and chronic bronchitis symptoms in both places. in cementing, it was observed that age (p < 0.05), work duration (p < 0.05) and total cumulative exposure (p < 0.015) were significantly contributed to the symtoms. Whereas in stockfit, the risk factors were as follows, work duration (p < 0.05) and total cumulative exposure (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that in cementing, work duration was observed to be the greatest risk factor to the bronchitis related-symtoms, p < 0.008, OR 12.100 and CI95% (1.92-76.23, whereas in stockfit, total cumulative exposure was associated the most with the symtoms p0.039 OR 6.667 CI95% )1.099-40.434).

Conclusions : The result from the present studi indicate that occupational exposure to organic solvent has significant association with clinical symtoms related to chronic bronchitis. Risk factors sucs as age, work duration, and total cumulative exposure are observed to contribute to the symtoms. However, exposure to organic solben did not significantly caused lung function disorger. Preventions are required to avoid the clinical symtoms develope into pulmonary impairment, such as the use personal protection equipment and local exhaust apparatus."

"Latar belakang dan tujuan.Abortus spontan merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan reproduksi yang cukup mempengaruhi kondisi fisik dan psikis pekerja di PT.X, Tangerang. Selama kurun waktu tahun 2000 - 2003 ditemukan sebanyak 14.67% sampai 20.33% kasus per tahunnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran mengenai abortus spontan yang terjadi dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya, khususnya stresor dan stres kerja.Metode.Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kasus kontrol, pada 300 orang pekerja perempuan di unit produksi sebuah pabrik sepatu olah raga di Tangerang. Kasus adalah subyek yang pernah hamil dan mengalami abortus spontan selama kurun waktu tahun 2000 - 2003. Kontrol adalah subyek yang pernah hamil namun tidak pernah mengalami abortus spontan selama kurun waktu yang sama. Kelompok kasus dan kontrol diambil dari departemen yang sama, dengan perbandingan 1 kasus dipadankan dengan 2 kontrol. Kasus dan kontrol didapatkan dari data kesakitan pada perusahaan tersebut. Instrumen pengukuran stresor kerja menggunakan Survei Diagnostik Stres dan SCL-90 (Symptom Check List) untuk mengukur adanya kelainan psikopatologi/stres kerja.Hasil dan kesimpulan.Stresor kerja yang dominan terjadi pada pekerja di perusahaan sepatu ini tersebut adalah beban kerja kualitatif berlebih. Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara keenam jenis stresor kerja dengan terjadinya abortus spontan (OR 2.45 - 4.68) dan kelainan psikopatologis (OR 1.91 - 2.56). Namun tidak ditemukan keterkaitan antara kelainan psikopatologis/stres kerja dengan terjadinya abortus spontan.

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Analysis of the relationship between occupational stress and spontaneous abortion among of footwear factory employees at PT: X in Tangerang (thesis). Jakarta: University ofBackground and objectives. Spontaneous abortion is one of reproductive heath problem which influence physical and psychological condition among female workers at sport shoes PT. X, Tangerang. The incidence is 14.67 % - 20.33% per year of pregnancy on 2000 -2004 The objective of this study is to get overview about the case and influence factors, especially about stressor and occupational stress

Methods. This research use case-control study design at 300 female workers at production unit in a spar/shoe factory in Tangerang. Case is subject which have pregnant and spontaneous abortion during 2000 -- 2003. Control is subject which have pregnant but have never got spontaneous abortion at the same time. Group of cases and control taken from a same department, 1 case compared with 2 controls. Both of group taken from company morbidity data. Measurement instrument of occupational stressor used Diagnostic Stress Survey and SCL (Symptom Check List) for identified occupational stress/psychopathological disorders.

Result and conclusion. Qualitative over workload is the most of occupational stressor which happened among workers. There was a relationship between occupational stressor with spontaneous abortion (OR 2.45 - 4.68) and psychopathologic disorders (OR 1.91 - 2.56). But there is no relationship between psychopathologic disorders/occupational stress with spontaneous abortion)."

"Ruang lingkup dan cara penelitian: Dalam bidang kerja, masih banyak program latihan kebugaran jasmani yang dilaksanakan sesuai program latihan kebugaran jasmani pada bidang olah raga, yang intensitas dan lama waktu latihan tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan bidang kerja. Untuk mengatasi hal ini dapat dilakukan penerapan program latihan yang didasari ilmu faal kerja. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metoda pre dan post eksperimen. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk melihat tingkat kebugaran jasmani sebelum dan setelah perlakuan dan hubungan antara faktor-faktor resiko dengan peningkatan kebugaran jasmani. Pada penelitian ini jumlah sampel yang diperoleh sebanyak 50 orang tenaga kerja wanita. Kebugaran jasmani terdiri dari variabel waktu daya tahan, kekuatan otot dan denyut nadi yang dinilai sebelum dan sesudah latihan selama 6 minggu (16 sesi). Selain itu dilakukan penelitian keluhan otot dan hasil produksi sampel sebelum dan sesudah latihan. Penelitian menunjukkan: - Perbedaan bermakna pada peningkatan waktu daya tahan, kekuatan otot dan denyut nadi sebelum dan sesudah latihan (p < 0,001). - Terdapat korelasi positif lemah antara umur dan waktu daya tahan setelah latihan. - Terdapat korelasi positif sedang antara Hb dan kekuatan otot sebelum latihan. - Terdapat korelasi negatif lemah antara gizi dengan nadi latihan sebelum mengikuti program latihan. - Terdapat hilangnya keluhan otot leher dan tangan setelah latihan dan terdapat penurunan keluhan otot lainnya (bahu, pinggang dan punggung). - Peningkatan hasil produksi setelah latihan 6 minggu (p < 0,001 ). - Terdapat korelasi positif sedang antara kadar Hb dengan hasil produksi sebelum latihan (p <0,05 ) dan antara kadar Hb dengan hasil produksi setelah latihan (p < 0,05).

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Scope and method : At the moment we found many physical fitness sport programs were adopted for workers in which the intensity and duration of programs did not suit worker's fitness. Worker's fitness programs should be based on work physiological aspects. This study aimed to improve physical fitness of workers through participating in a physical training consist of a set of physiological activities. Several risks factors i.e., age, Hb, were being identified the relations to work body resistance, muscles power and pulse rate. Design of study was a pre-post quasi experimental test and the sample size was fifty women workers. Duration of training was six weeks containing 16 sessions. Muscular complaints and worker's productivity were also being assessed before and after training.

Results and conclusions :

- There were significant differences between work body resistance, muscles power, pulse rate before and after training. (p<0,001).

- There was a positive correlation between age ,and work body resistance after training.

- There was a moderate positive correlation between Hb ,and muscles power before training.

- There was a negative correlation between nutrition and pulse rate before training.

- There was decreases in muscular neck pain and other muscular complaints.

- There was an increase of productivity after training.

- There were strong positive correlation between lib and productivity before and after training. (p<0,05). "

"Pendahuluan : Pekerja laboratorium teknik gigi memiliki risiko mengalami gangguan sistem respirasi yang dapat mengakibatkan gangguan fungsi paru akibat pajanan metil metakrilat (MMA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar MMA di lingkungan laboratorium teknik gigi di DKI Jakarta dan Kotamadya Tangerang, risiko pajanannya terhadap keluhan respirasi dan gangguan fungsi paru, serta hubungannya dengan faktor individu dan pekerjaan.Metode : Desain penelitian cross sectional melibatkan 69 pekerja laboratorium teknik gigi dari 4 laboratorium. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, pengamatan, pengukuran kadar MMA lingkungan dan pemeriksaan spirometri.Hasil : Kadar MMA pada 4 laboratorium teknik gigi adalah 0,26 ? 5,72 ppm, jauh di bawah Nilai Ambang Batas. Ditemukan hubungan bermakna ketersediaan ventilasi personal dengan kadar MMA (p <0,05). Prevalensi keluhan subyektif respirasi 39,1 %, dengan faktor yang berhubungan adalah kadar MMA >0,5 ppm (OR = 4,90, 95% CI: 1,49 ? 16,14) dan masa kerja >10 tahun (OR = 0,14, 95% CI: 0,03 ? 0,61). Prevalensi gangguan fungsi paru 44,9 %, seluruhnya restriktif. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan gangguan fungsi paru adalah kebiasaan merokok (OR = 3,94, 95% CI: 1,22 ? 12,76) dan kadar MMA >0,5 ppm (OR = 3,29, 95% CI: 1,01 ? 10,80).Kesimpulan : Kadar MMA >0,5 ppm memberikan risiko 4,9 kali lebih besar timbulnya keluhan subyektif respirasi pada pekerja. Kadar tersebut juga memberikan risiko 3,29 kali lebih besar timbulnya gangguan fungsi paru pada pekerja. Pekerja yang sudah bekerja >10 tahun menurunkan kemungkinan timbulnya keluhan subyektif respirasi sebesar 86 %. Efek ini diperkirakan akibat timbulnya toleransi pekerja terhadap keluhan subyektif seiring dengan waktu. Pekerja yang merokok memiliki risiko 3,94 kali lebih besar mengalami gangguan fungsi paru.

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Background : Dental laboratory workers are at risk of respiratory symptom and pulmonary function disorder,due to exposure to methyl methacrylate (MMA). The objective of this study is to know the level of MMA at dental laboratories at DKI Jakarta and Kotamadya Tangerang, the risk of its exposure toward respiratory symptom and pulmonary function disorder among dental laboratory worker, and its association with individual and occupational factors.Method : This is a cross sectional study involving 69 dental laboratory workers from 4 laboratories. Data were collected through interview, observation, environmental MMA measurement and lung function examination by spirometer.Result : MMA levels in 4 dental laboratories were 0.26 ? 5.72 ppm, well below Treshold Limit Value. The prevalence of respiratory symptom was 39.1 %, with associated factors are MMA level >0.5 ppm (OR = 4.90, 95% CI: 1.49 ? 16.14) and working period of >10 years (OR = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.03 ? 0.61). The prevalence of pulmonary function disorder was 44.9 %, all of them restrictive. Factors associated with pulmonary function disorder were smoking habit (OR = 3.94, 95% CI: 1.22 ? 12.76) and MMA level >0.5 ppm (OR = 3.29, 95% CI: 1.01 ? 10.80).Conclusion : MMA level of >0.5 ppm pose a 4.9 times greater risk of respiratory symptom among workers. That level also poses a risk 3.29 times greater of pulmonary function disorder among workers. Workers with >10 years length of service decreased their possibility of respiratory symptom by 86%. This effect is probably due to tolerance the workers develop towards the subjective symptoms. Smoking workers have a risk 3.94 times greater for pulmonary function disorder."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya risiko kesehatan akibat pajanan benzene pada pekerja industri sepatu kulit di PIK Pulogadung. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan analisis risiko kesehatan lingkungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 52 pekerja memiliki nilai RQ > 1 untuk efek pajanan realtime dan sebanyak 37 pekerja memiliki nilai RQ > 1 untuk efek pajanan lifetime. Selain itu didapatkan hasil bahwa semua pekerja disana memiliki risiko kanker untuk pajanan lifetime dan realtime karena nilai ECR>10-4. Karena nilai RQ> 1 dan ECR>10-4 maka perlu dilakukan manajemen risiko. Manajemen risiko untuk efek pajanan non karsinogenik dilakukan dengan menurunkan konsentrasi benzene menjadi 0,042 mg/m3, lama pajanan menjadi 5,4 jam/hari, frekuensi pajanan menjadi 114 hari/tahun dan menetapkan durasi pajanan yang aman yaitu 10,8 tahun. Sedangkan manajemen risiko untuk efek pajanan karsinogenik dilakukan dengan menurunkan konsentrasi benzene menjadi 0,023 mg/m3, lama pajanan menjadi 2 jam/hari, frekuensi pajanan menjadi 63 hari/tahun, dan menetapkan durasi pajanan yaitu 5 tahun.

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This study aims to determine the magnitude of health risk from exposure to benzene in the leather shoe industry workers in PIK Pulogadung. This research uses a risk analysis environmental health approach. The results of this study shows that 52 workers have RQ > 1 for realtime risk exposure and 37 workers have RQ > 1 for lifetime risk exposure. Beside that, the results show that all of the workers have a cancer risk for lifetime risk exposure and realtime risk exposure because ECR > 10-4. Since value of RQ > 1 and ECR > 10-4 so it is necessary for risk management. Risk management carried out to reduce non carcinogenic effect of exposure with decrease the concentration of benzene into 0,042 mg/m3, then reduce exposure time into 5,4 hour/day, reduce exposure frequency into 114 days/year and establish a safe exposure duration of 10,8 years. Whereas the risk management for carcinogenic exposure is decrease the benzene concentration into 0,023 mg/m3, then reduce time exposure into 2 hour/day, reduce exposure frequency into 63 days/year, and establish a safe exposure duration of 5 years."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian terhadap pekerja pabrik sepatu Tangerang. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi tinea kru is pada pekerja bagian hot press dan sewing di pabrik sepatu S - Tangerang, dan mengetahui hubungan. panas dan kelembaban dengan prevalensi tines kruris. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan kros seksional dengan uji statistik chi kuadrat (bivariat) dan analisa multivariat dengan logistik regresi_ Parameter yang digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat pajanan adalah Indeks Suhu Bola Basah (WBG7). Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 130 responden yang bekerja di lingkungan yang berbeda, yang terdiri dari 66 responden terpajan panas dan 64 responden tidak terpajan panas. Untuk melihat pengaruh tekanan panas dan kelembaban terhadap tenaga kerja yang terpajan dengan melakukan wawancara, pengamatan, pemeriksaan fisik dan pemeriksaan laboratorium._ Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tekanan panas dan kelembaban di lingkungan kerja bagian hot press melebihi batas yang diperkenankan untuk kerja yaitu 31,3 °C ISBB ( NAB 25 °C ISBB ).Hasil pemeriksaan pada semua responden (130 prang ) menunjukkan 26 % (34 orang ) responden mengalami tinea kruris. Disamping itu hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pekerja yang bekerja di lingkungan panas dan lembab (Hot press ), prevalensi tinea kruris lebih tinggi (40,9 %) dibandingkan dengan pekerja yang bekerja dengan lingkungan yang tidak panas (Sewing) (10,9 %).

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The Relation Between Exposure To Heat And Humidity In Hot Press And Sewing Environment With Prevalence Of Tinea Cruris In Workers At Sport Shoe Factory At "S" Factory ? TangerangThe objectives of this study are to know the prevalence of tinea cruris in workers at hot press and sewing 2 floor at "S" factory a sport shoe factory in Cikupa Tangerang and to know the relationship with exposure to heat stress and humidity in the work environment. The design used in this study is cross sectional method. Chi square (bivaried) were used for statistical analysis. Heat exposure level in the working environment was measured by using The Wet Bulb Globe temperature Index. This study examined 130 workers were exposed to heat stress ; 66 workers who were exposed to higher heat stress another 64 workers who were exposed to a lower heat stress. Questionnare, physical and laboratory examinations.

This study shows that heat exposure and humidity of working environment at press line 9 and sewing 2 floor sections is above the recommended limits. The results of the examinations prevalence of all worker (130 sampel) shows 26 % (34 sampel) were tinea cruris_ It also shows that workers who were exposed to higher heat stress (hot press ) have a higher prevalence of tines cruris (40,9 %) significantly compared to workers who were exposed to lower heat stress (sewing 2 floor) (10,9 %)."

"Pabrik sepatu merupakan suatu industri pengolahan yang pekerjanya hampir seluruhnya wanita dimana pekerja di bagian stitching athletic bekerja dengan kepala menunduk menghadap mesin kerja. Pada saat kepala maju kedepan diperlukan kekuatan untuk keseimbangan kepala dan bila ini berlangsung lama akan timbul kelelahan otot yang berakibat nyeri. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian ini dengan tujuan mengetahui prevalensi serta faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan nyeri tengkuk.Disain penelitian adalah penelitian potong lintang dengan jumlah sample 251 yang diambil secara random sampling. Data penelitian didapat dari data medical check up, anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan nyeri tekan pada daerah sub occipital, tes kompresi menurut Lhermittet, dan pengukuran-pengukuran antara lain pengukuran sudut fleksi leher menggunakan flexible curve, antopometri, tinggi meja dan penerangan.Hasil penelitian:Didapatkan prevalensi nyeri tengkuk sebesar 55.4%. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan nyeri tengkuk adalah umur (p = 0.006) dan fleksi leher (p = 0.000). Faktor yang paling berperan adalah fleksi leher (p = 0.000. OR - 4.58).Kesimpulan:Dari penelitian ini secara statistik terbukti bahwa fleksi leher berhubungan dengan timbulnya nyeri tengkuk dimana pada fleksi ≥ 20° mempunyai risiko 4.58 kali lebih besar dari pada fleksi < 20°. Perlu adanya penyuluhan atau pelatihan bagi pekerja tentang cara kerja yang ergonomis dan gerakan-gerakan senam ringan untuk mengurangi keluhan nyeri tengkuk. Oleh karena itu untuk mencegah dan mengurangi prevalensi nyeri tengkuk perlu pemahaman dan kerjasama yang baik dari manajemen, pekerja, perawat dan dokter perusahaan serta instansi terkait.Relation between Neck Flexion and Neck Pain in Woman Workers of Stitching Athletic Division, Shoe Factory in Tangerang

The shoe factory is a manufactory industry where most workers are women. The workers from stitching athletic division usually work with bowing forward. If the head is bent forward muscle strength is needed to maintain the position. In long period this condition leads to muscle fatigue including neck pain. Based on above situation, the research is carried out to assess the prevalence and factors influencing neck pain.

Design research is cross sectional study with amount of 251 samples and randomly selected. The research data are compiled from medical check-up, anamnesis, physical examination, pain pressure examination on sub occipital area , compression test according Lhermitte and other measurements, such as : angle measurement of neck flexion using flexible curve, anthropometry, high' of table and lighting.

Result:

Prevalence of neck pain 55.4%. The neck pain is associated with age (p = 0.006) and neck flexion (p=0.000). The neck flexion is a main factor to deal with the neck pain.

Conclusion:

The research shows that neck pain is statistically associated with neck flexion where neck flexion > 20° has 4.58 greater risks than neck flexion ≤ 20°. Training and counseling on ergonomics of work ethic and light relaxation are needed by the workers in order to reduce neck pain. Awareness and collaboration among management, workers, nurses, company doctors and integrated sector is essential aspect to prevent and minimize prevalence of neck pain of employees."