Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Pencemaran udara oleh debu akibat aktivitas pertambangan sangat membahayakan bagi kesehatan dan berpotensi menyebabkan beberapa penyakit. Selain itu, debu juga mengurangi daya pandang mata sehingga membahayakan keselamatan pekerja. Dust suppressant adalah material yang digunakan untuk menekan pembentukan debu. Material konvensional yang paling umum digunakan di area pertambangan di Indonesia adalah air karena murah, melimpah, dan aman bagi lingkungan, tetapi tidak tahan lama karena mudah berevaporasi sehingga lebih boros dari segi biaya dan tenaga kerja.Pada penelitian ini, dua zat aktif utama yaitu polimer emulsi sebagai binding agent dan surfaktan sebagai wetting agent digunakan pada formulasi material dust suppressant. Dust suppressant yang baik memiliki sifat tahan lama sehingga mengurangi konsumsi air, daya membasahi yang baik, tidak korosif, dan tahan terhadap erosi. Beberapa uji aplikasi baik di laboratorium maupun di lapangan dilakukan untuk mengetahui kinerja dust suppressant. Dari uji aplikasi di lapangan, material dust suppressant dengan polimer VA mampu mempertahankan kadar kelembaban tanah 300% lebih tinggi daripada air dan penurunan konsentrasi emisi debu dari 60 sampai 80% daripada air.

---

Air polution by dust, caused by mining activity is very dangerous for healthy and can cause some diseases. Beside that, dust also can reduse visibility so endanger employees safety. Dust suppressant is a material used to push down the formation of dust. The most conventional material for mining industry in Indonesia is water since it?s cheap, overabundance, and safe for environment, but evaporate easily so more wasful in fuel and labor cost.

In this research, there are two active substances, emulsion polymer as binding agent and surfactant as wetting agent, used in dust suppressant formulation. Good dust suppressant is well preserved so it reduces water consumption, good wetting agent, non-corrosive, and non-erosion. Some tests in laboratory and field have been done to measure the performance of dust suppressant. From field application test, dust suppressant with VA polymer can mantain soil humidity 300% greater than water and can reduce dust emision from 60% to 80% than water."

"ABSTRAKScope and Research method : In order to find out the prevalence rate of respiratory obstruction due to exposure to jute's dust and other risk factors, such as work place, age group, length of work, smoking habit, usage of personal protection device, clinical symptom and allergy history, a cross sectional study regarding the influence of jute's dust on lung function among jute factory worker has been done in Tangerang. Total sample of respondent for this study is 135 workers, who are working in 4 working unit in the factory. There are 4 methods of data collection used in this study. First, interview by using Pneumomobile Project Indonesia questioner. Second, physical examination to all employees especially related to respiratory disorder. Third, measurement of lung function using spirometer. Fourth, examination of jute's dust at work place used low volume dust sampler. Result and Conclusion: This study find out the concentration of total jute's dust in high exposure working place is 13,3mg/m3, while in low exposure working place is 1,5 mg/m3. Result of statistic soon significant different (p<0,05). The study also finds out that the prevalence rate of chronic respiratory obstruction among the workers who work in high concentration dust environment is 25,9% and with low exposure is 2,8%. Statistically it is significantly different (p<0,05). There are a significant relationship between occurrence of chronic respiratory obstruction disease and dust concentration, while there are no relationship with age group, length of work, education level, height of body, smoking habit, use of personal protection device, previous clinical symptom and allergy history. The prevalence rate of acute respiratory obstruction among the workers who work in high concentration dust environment is 11,1%, while in low concentration dust environment is 3,7%. Statistically has not significantly different (p0,05). There are no relationship between acute respiratory obstruction disease and work place, age group, length of work, educational level, height of body, smoking habit, use of personal protection device, previous clinical symptom and allergic history. Analysis of smoking habit as risk factor and its relationship with obstruction can't be done since the prevalence rate of smoking habit among the workers is low (1,5%). "

"Tungau Debu Rumah (TDR) merupakan aeroalergen utama yang dapat memicu reaksi alergi pada penyakit atopi seperti dermatitis atopi, asma, dan rhinitis alergi. TDR dapat ditemukan di berbagai tempat bersarang baik alami maupun nonalami di dalam rumah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan bahan alami dan nonalami terhadap keberadaan TDR. Dengan menggunakan desain cross-sectional, penelitian ini dilakukan di Pasar Rebo (Jakarta Timur) dan Pamulang (Tangerang Selatan) pada November 2013 sampai Februari 2014. Data demografi penduduk diperoleh melalui kuesioner. Sampel debu rumah diambil dari bahan alami, yaitu kapuk dan nonalami, yaitu karpet, kasur busa, sofa, dan spring bed. Deteksi spesies TDR pada debu tersebut dilakukan dengan teknik langsung menggunakan mikroskop. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan 207 sampel debu rumah dari 96 responden (Pasar Rebo = 44 Sampel dan Pamulang = 52 sampel). Spesies TDR yang ditemukan di Pasar Rebo adalah Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) dan Glyciphagus destructor (Gd), sedangkan spesies TDR yang ditemukan di Pamulang adalah Dp, D.ferinae (Df), dan Gd. Dp merupakan spesies dominan pada bahan alami dan nonalami. Secara statistik, terdapat hubungan bermakna antara jenis bahan dengan keberadaan TDR (p<0,05). Bahan alami berisiko lebih tinggi dibandingkan nonalami (OR = 1,99, 95% CI 1,06-3,72). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa keberadaan spesies TDR berhubungan dengan jenis bahan bersarang yang terdapat di dalam rumah.

---

House Dust Mites (HDM) is the main aeroalergen that can induced allergic reaction at atopic diseases such as dermatitis atopic, asthma, and rhinitis allergy. HDM was found in both nature and non-nature materials on stuffs around living house. The aim of this research was to know association between nature and non-nature materials with HDM. Cross sectional method was used in this research. Primary data was collected in Pasar Rebo (North Jakarta) and Pamulang (South Tangerang) for four months, from November 2013 until February 2014. Demographic profile was collected by filling the questionnaire. House dust was collected from both nature, as kapok matress, and non-nature materials, such as carpet, foam mattress, sofa, and spring bed. HDM was detected by direct examination on microscope. This research includes 207 house dust samples from 96 houses in Pasar Rebo, 44 samples, and Pamulang, 52 samples. Data from statistic show that in Pasar rebo, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) and Glyciphagus destructor (Gd) were found as varies HDM species meanwhile in Pamulang, Dp, D.ferinae (Df), and Gd were found. From both places, Dp was mostly found in nature and non-nature materials. Statistically, there was significance association between any materials and house dust mites (p<0,05). Nature material had a higher risk than non-nature materials to found HDM (OR = 1,99, 95% CI 1,06-3,72). Asconclussion, materials used living house associated with population of HDM."

"Indonesia adalah salah satu negara dengan kekayaan tambang terbesar di dunia., dan sektor ini memberikan banyak kontribusi bagi perekonomian negara. Namun, dampak negatif yang dihasilkan dari sektor ini juga cukup berbahaya, terutama dampak terhadap lingkungan. Salah satu pencemaran yang dihasilkan adalah pencemaran debu. Jika tidak ditanggulangi, maka akan menyebabkan berbagai macam gangguan kesehatan maupun keselamatan di tambang. Untuk itu, penggunaan truk air menjadi umum di pertambangan untuk menyiram jalanan. Dibutuhkan perencanaan matang mengenai aktivitas truk air di pertambangan, sehingga bisa memaksimalkan keefektifannya. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan membangun rancangan rute dan penjadwalan truk air menggunakan Mixed Integer Linier Programming sehingga dapat mengurangi pencemaran debu dengan efektif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah rancangan penjadwalan dan rute truk yang dapat dipakai untuk mengarahkan aktivitas truk air di pertambangan beserta perhtungan pinalti.

---

Indonesia is one of the countries with the largest mining wealth in the world, and this sector contributes a lot to the country 39 s economy. However, the negative impacts resulting from this sector are also not to be taken lightly, especially for the environment. One of the pollution produced is dust contamination. If not addressed, it will cause various health and safety disorders in the mine. For that, the use of water trucks became common in mining to water the streets.

It takes careful planning on the activity of water trucks in the mines, so as to maximize their effectiveness. Therefore, this study aims to build a route design and water truck scheduling using Mixed Integer Linier Programming that effectively reduce dust pollution. The result of this research is a route and schedule arrangement for water truck that can be used to guide the activity of water truck in mining and penalty calculation for each scenario."

"Tingkat pencemaran udara di DKI Jakarta sangat tinggi. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dari pengukuran yang dilakukan terhadap 6 polutan pencemar udara (NOx, SOx, Pb, CO, TSP dan PM10) tiga diantaranya melebihi BME yaitu NOx, SOx dan TSP (sumber : Laporan Kualitas Udara DKI Jakarta, BPLHD, Tahun 2000-2005). Polutan pencemar TSP yang melebihi BME ditemukan di kawasan industri. Hal tersebut menunjukkan kurang efektifnya alat pengendali pencemaran yang diterapkan oleh industri. Salah satu metode yang dapat dipakai untuk mengendalikan pencemaran udara adalah dengan memanfaatkan gaya thermophoresis. Gaya thermophoresis adalah gaya pada partikel yang disebabkan oleh adanya gradien temperatur. Hasil simulasi dengan menggunakan software Fluent menunjukkan bahwa partikel debu memiliki trayektori ke arah temperatur yang lebih rendah sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alternative alat pengendali pencemaran debu.

---

Air pollution in Jakarta is in high level. It showed from the measurement of 6 (six) pollutant (NOx, SOx, Pb, CO, TSP dan PM10), three of them, NOx, SOx dan TSP, are over the Emission Limit Standard (source : Laporan Kualitas Udara DKI Jakarta, BPLHD, Tahun 2000-2005). TSP pollutant mostly found in industrial area. It means that, Air Pollution Control Devices used by the industry are not effective yet. One of method used to control the air pollution is thermophoretic force. Particle suspended in a gas with gradient temperature experience thermophoretic force. Simulation using CFD-Fluent show that dust particle suspended in temperature gradient has trajectory to the lower temperature area. It means tahat thermophoretic force can be used as an alternative of air pollution control."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran pajanan debu pada pekerja controller di area grinding dan packing PT Semen Padang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah anlisis deskriptif cross sectional dengan menggunakan metode risk analysis paradigm untuk menentukan risiko pada pekerja. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah 16 orang pekerja controller untuk personal dust sampling dan 50 orang pekerja controller untuk mengetahui karakteristik antropometri dan pola aktifitas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada pajanan debu yang melebihi nilai ambang batas berdasarkan standar Permenaker No. 13/2011 dan OSHA. Pajanan tertinggi umumnya berada di area kerja cement mill.Berdasarkan nilai RQ realtime respirabel dust,pekerja yang berisiko terhadap pajanan respirabel dust mulai dari awal bekerja sampai pada saat dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah sampel pekerja no 14 dan no 12 di area kerja Cement Mill II-III, nomor 1 di area kerja Cement Mill IV, nomor 17 di area kerja Raw Mill V dan nomor 15 di area kerja Cement Mill V. Sementara berdasarkan nilai RQ lifetime menunjukkan peningkatan risiko pada pekerja, dari 16 pekerja hanya 1 pekerja yang tidak berisiko terhadap pajanan selama bekerja 30 tahun. Disarankan pada perusahaan untuk melakukan monitoring dan evaluasi pajanan di debu di area kerja dan personal secara rutin, melakukan engineering control terhadap pajanan debu, menerapkan sistem area basah pada saat pembersihan area, serta meningkatkan kegiatan maintenance.

---

This study aim to see picture of dust exposure on controller workers at grinding and packing area PT Semen Padang. This type of reasearch is descriptive analytic cross sectional using risk analysis paradigm method. The sample for this study is 16 controller workers for personal dust sampling and 50controller workers for anthropometric characteristics and activity patterns. Based on the results of the study showed no dust exposure exceeds a threshold value based on the standar Permenaker No. 13/2011 and OSHA. Exposure is generally highest in the cement mill area. Based on the value of RQ realtime respirable dust, workers at risk of exposure to respirable dust from first time until the time this study was a sample of workers No. 14 and No. 12 in the area Cement Mill II-III, No. 1 in the area Cement Mill IV, number 17 in the area Raw Mill V and number 15 in the area Cement Mill V.

While based on the lifetime value of RQ showed an increased risk to workers, the workers only sample no 11 in the Raw Mill II-III who are not at risk of exposure while working 30 years. It is suggested to company to conduct monitoring and evaluation in the area of dust exposure in the workplace and personal, perform the engineering control of exposure to dust, apply a wet area systems when area cleaning, as well as increased maintenance activities."

"PT. Unitex adalah pabrik tekstil dengan masalah kesehatan utama Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) pada pekerja berdasarkan data kunjungan Poliklinik PT. Unitex selama tahun 2010 dan 2011. Hasil pengukuran debu total pada tahun 2011 menunjukkan angka yang dibawah baku mutu debu (TSP) pada lingkungan kerja yang ditetapkan Surat Edaran Menteri Tenaga Kerja Nomor SE- 01/MENAKER/1997. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan karakteristik dan perilaku pekerja (umur, penggunaan masker, lama bekerja, keberadaan perokok dalam rumah, dan kebiasaan merokok) dengan ISPA pada pekerja di PT. Unitex. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode potong lintang dengan mengambil sampel 106 responden pekerja. Analisis data mencakup analisis univariat dan bivariat. Sebanyak 30,9% pekerja mengalami ISPA.Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara penggunaan masker (p=0,022,OR=5,280) dengan kejadian ISPA pada pekerja.

---

PT. Unitex is a textile mill with Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) as its major health problem based on data of Polyclinic PT. Unitex in 2010 and 2011. Result of total suspended dust?s measurement in 2011 has proved that the number of TSP is below treshold limit value. Therefore, this research analyzed association between characteristics & behaviours (age, usage of mask, length of work, existance of smoker in house, and smoking habit) of workers that exposed with cotton dust and Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI).This research used cross sectional with using 106 sample. Univariate and bivariate analyze has done. Thirty point nine percent workers had Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI). There is an significant association between usage of mask with Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) (p=0,022,OR=5,280)."