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"ABSTRACTHigh Voltage measurement based on the electro-optic effect of LiTaOa crystal plate has been developed. This crystal was placed between two parallel plates which more like capacitor arrangement. On the first step, this system was capable only to measure the do voltage from 0 to 1 kV, and the ac voltage from 0 to 0.3 kV. But, by enlarging the spaces in between one side at crystal to one of the plate surface, d, the range of measurement was increased up to 4.8 kV, with d =7 mm."

"Sistem proteksi sangatlah penting dalam sistem tenaga listrik, terutama untuk kehandalan kerja dan perlindungan pada sistem dalam mesin-mesin listrik. Rele merupakan salah salah satu alat proteksi yang banyak digunakan pada sistem tenaga listrik. Jenis rele bermacam-macam tergantung karakteristik yang dibutuhkan, salah satunya adalah rele jarak dan rele diferesial penghantar. Pada PT. PLN, penggunaan sistem proteksi mutlak diperlukan untuk mendukung kinerja sistem tenaga listrik karena sebagai perusahaan listrik negara, PLN merupakan gardu terdepan dalam pendistribusian listrik di seluruh Indonesia sehingga tentunya diharapkan keberlangsungan sistem listrik tidak terganggu.Pada skripsi ini, penulis akan mengangkat topik tentang konfigurasi proteksi dimana pada sistem transmisi SUTT (Saluran Udara Tegangan Tinggi) di daerah Alam Sutera akan dibangun gardu induk baru sehingga dengan adanya penambahan sistem, konfigurasi sistem proteksi yang lama perlu diperbaharui untuk menyesuaikan dengan sistem yang baru secara keseluruhan. Karena fokus lebih diutamakan pada proteksi utama, maka rele yang akan dibahas pada skripsi ini adalah rele jarak dan rele diferensial penghantar yang biasa digunakan pada SUTT. Untuk melihat koordinasi rele setelah perhitungan, akan digunakan metode scanning untuk melihat hubungan koordinasi antar rele dalam sistem yang baru. Sehingga di dapatkan hasil rekonfigurasi dan pengaruhnya pada sistem sebelumnya.

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Protection system is essential in an electrical power system, especially for the reliability and protection on the system in electric machines. Relay is one of the devices that is widely used in the protection system of electric power. There are various types of relay based on characteristics that are required on system, two of them are distance relay and line differential relay. In PT. PLN, the usage of protection system is undoubtedly needed to support the performance of electrical power systems because their position as main electrical company on the state, PLN is forefront for electrical distribution throughout Indonesia so it is expected that sustainability of the electrical system is not disturbed.In this thesis, the author will discuss the topic of protection system configuration about the high voltage overhead power line of transmision system in the area of Alam Sutera where the new main substation will be built. To adjust this new system as a whole, the old protection system needs to be updated. This thesis will focus in main protection of the system, the relay that will be discussed on this thesis is distance relay and line differential relay which commonly used in high voltage overhead transmission line. For the simulation of distance relay coodination, scanning method will be used to see the relation of coordination of the relay on the new system. Therefore the result can be gotten by reconfiguration and the impact for the previous system."

"This book addresses the very latest research and development issues in high voltage technology and is intended as a reference source for researchers and students in the field, specifically covering developments throughout the past decade. This unique blend of expert authors and comprehensive subject coverage means that this book is ideally suited as a reference source for engineers and academics in the field for years to come."

"Kestabilan tegangan merupakan salah satu syarat sistem operasi tenaga listrik. Tegangan pada sistem tenaga listrik akan mengalami collapse seiring dengan kenaikan beban yang terus menerus hingga mencapai batas maksimumnya. Selain itu terlepasnya unit-unit pembangkit dan sirkit penghantar juga merupakan salah satu penyebab jatuhnya tegangan. Dalam studi kasus ini, tegangan krititis pada Subsistem Bekasi Cibatu dan Kembangan akan dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode kurva PV. Kurva ini menjelaskan hubungan antara daya aktif dan tegangan pada suatu bus. Dengan menaikkan beban, maka nilai tegangan kritis pada pembebanan maksimum dapat diperoleh.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa susbistem yang diterapkan skenario lepas pembangkit Unit 8 PLTU Suralaya memiliki tegangan kritis terendah sekaligus penurunan tegangan kritis terbesar yaitu subsistem Cibatu dengan tegangan kritis sebesar 423.087 kV atau mengalami penurunan sebesar 5.192 % dari tegangan kritis kondisi normalnya.

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Voltage stability is one of requirements among operation of electrical power system. Voltage on electrical power system will collapse along with continuously rising load until its maximum limit and due to lose of generator unit and conductor circuit.

In this study case, critical voltage at these Subsystem Bekasi Cibatu and Kembangan will be analyzed using PV curve method. The curve explains relationship between active power and voltage on a load bus. Critical voltage value on maximum loading can be yielded when load is increased.

This research resulted that application of lose scenario of PLTU Suralaya Unit 8 has the biggest impact of critical voltage drop at Cibatu subsystem. Critical voltage of Cibatu subsystem is 423.087 kV or its critical voltage decrease to 5.192 % from its critical voltage at normal condition."

"This paper deals with the electrical insulation of a gap bridged by a solid dielectric between a pair of electrodes in a vacuum, where the dielectric is a model of an insulating spacer holding electrodes in various vacuum devices. Such gap configuration is typical as a model for studying physical mechanisms of an electrical breakdown or a flashover in a vacuum, in which the insulation ability isconsiderably lower than a gap without any insulating spacers. Many researchers have long investigated the mechanisms of flashover, and it is believed that the charging of the insulator surface is the primary drive of such weakness. One of the effective approaches for studying mechanisms is to analyze the characteristic of charge accumulated on the insulator surface both by experiments and bynumerical analyses. This paper reviews previous works conducted by the author’s research group and demonstrates the difficulties we have encountered upon conducting the numerical analyses."

"Telah dibangun sistem pengendali syringe pump dengan rentang debit 3.2 mL⁄h-202.35 mL⁄h dan high voltage power supply dengan rentang tegangan 0-30 kV untuk sistem electrospinning. Sistem penggerak piston syringe menggunakan linear actuator yang dibangun dari ball screw 1510 dengan penggerak stepper motor. Untuk meningkatkan daya dorong piston syringe, kecepatan stepper motor direduksi dengan gearbox rasio 100:1. Pengaturan debit setiap syringe pump diatur dengan pulsa clock yang diberikan ke driver motor yang frekuensinya dapat diatur dengan persamaan frekuensi versus debit sebesar y=3.9815e^(-5) x-0.0026712. Modul tegangan tinggi AHV24V30KV1MAW dari Analog Technologies membutuhkan suplai tegangan 24 V/2 A yang dapat mengeluarkan output 0-30 kV proporsional dengan input tegangan control 0-5 V. Sistem pengendalian tegangan tinggi digunakan dua metode yaitu metode otomatis dan manual. Tegangan tinggi dan syringe pump digunakan untuk menghasilkan nanofiber menggunakan larutan polimer polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) 15wt%. Proses pengeluaran PVA dengan debit 3.2 mL/h dan tegangan tinggi minimal 10 kV dapat menghasilkan taylor cone dan tumpukan serat di collector.

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A syringe pump control system has been built with a flow rate range of 3.2-202.35 mL/h and a high voltage power supply with a voltage range of 0-30 kV for electrospinning system. Piston of the syringe is driven by a linear actuator built from a 1510 ball screw connected by a stepper motor. To increase the thrust of the syringe piston, the speed of the stepper motor is reduced by a 100:1 ratio gearbox. The flow rate setting of each syringe pump is regulated by clock pulses given to the motor driver whose frequency can be adjusted by the equation of frequency versus discharge of y=3.9815e^(-5) x-0.0026712. The high-voltage module AHV24V30KV1MAW from Analog Technologies requires a 24 V/2 A supply voltage that can output 0-30 kV proportional to the 0 -5 V control voltage input. The high-voltage control system uses two methods, namely automatic and manual methods. High voltage and a syringe pump were used to produce nanofibers using a 15wt% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer solution. PVA solution is discharged from the syringe with a flow rate of 3.2 mL/h and a high voltage at least 10 kV can produce Taylor cones and piles of fiber in the collector."