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"ASBTRAKCerita yang mengagumkan tentang bangsa Asia di Amerika adalah suatu cerita yang tidak asing lagi. Walaupun jumlah keseluruhan mereka adalah kurang dari 7 juta atau kurang dari 3 7. dari jumlah penduduk, keberhasilan mereka dalam perniagaan, pekerjaan, masyarakat perguruan tinggi, secara luas melampaui jumlah mereka. Akan tetapi, sementara nilai-nilai mereka sesuai dengan kebajikan Amerika yang seharusnya, mereka telah menderita secara menyedihkan sepanjang 1 1/2 abad lampau, tidak hanya dalam usaha pencarian mereka bagi pengakuan, tetapi bahkan dalam hal untuk semata-semata memperoleh penerimaan sebagai warganegara. Sejarah mereka di Amerika merupakan satu dari kemunafikan orang Amerika berkulit putih (International Herald Tribune, 3 Agustus 1989: 13). Dari antara orang-orang asal Asia, yang menonjol adalah orang Cina, baik dalam hal jumlah maupun dalam hal permasalahan. Keunikan mereka telah mewarnai sejarah Amerika, baik dalam hal entitas mereka sebagai suatu kelompok eksklusif maupun dalam interaksi dengan kelompok lain, yang menimbulkan berbagai reaksi positif dan negatif silih berganti. Perantauan imigrasi orang Cina ke Amerika kebanyakan hanyalah salah satu aspek dari eksodus besar-besaran orang Cina sepanjang abad kesembilanbelas. Hal ini disebabkan oleh masalah dalam negeri Cina sendiri dan lebih jauh disebabkan oleh godaan kesempatan yang lebih baik dari Dunia Baru. Malangnya, beberapa kelompok orang kulit putih Amerika menyerang pekerja-pekerja Cina, sedangkan Amerika yang pada awalnya menyambut kedatangan orang Cina, namun kemudian mengambil tindakan untuk membatasi kedatangan buruh-buruh Cina dan pada tahun 1882, secara umum mencegah imigrasi orang Cina dan menghalangi orang Cina menjadi warganegara Amerika. Meskipun orang Amerika mengagungkan Deklarasi Kemerdekaan mereka sebagai sesuatu yang suci, dan walaupun Deklarasi tersebut menyatakan bahwa semua orang mempunyai hak-hak alamiah tertentu atau hak-hak yang tidak dapat diasingkan dari dirinya, yang terpenting di antaranya ialah hidup, kebebasan dan mencari kebahagiaan. Sepanjang sejarah, orang Amerika pernah beberapa kali menyimpang atau bahkan mengingkari nilai-nilai suci mereka ini, salah satu contoh dari penyimpangan tersebut adalah diskriminasi rasial yang dilakukan oleh orang Amerika terhadap penduduknya yang orang Cina. Penelitian ini akan menuniukkan bahwa gerakan diskriminasi anti Cina di Amerika dalam bagian akhir abad kesembilanbelas disebabkan terutama oleh alasan-alasan budaya dan rasial, dengan ekonomi dan politik sebagai faktor pencetus yang menyulut sikap permusuhan. "

"Kasus Scottsboro di Alabama merupakan sebuah kasus yang cukup menarik. Hal ini akibat kentalnya perlakuan diskriminatif orang kulit putih terhadap orang kulit hitam pada masa tersebut. Partai Komunis Amerika Serikat saat itu ikut terlibat dalam memperjuangkan keadilan bagi sekelompok pemuda kulit hitam yang menjadi terdakwa dalam kasus Scottsboro. Saat kasus ini muncul tengah terjadi the Great Depression di mana kejadian tersebut diyakini oleh orang-orang komunis berdasarkan perkiraan Marx sebagai jatuhnya kaum kapitalis. Hal ini menyebabkan kaum komunis dalam Partai Komunis Amerika Serikat secara gencar ingin menanamkan pengaruhnya dengan ikut memperjuangkan persamaan ras bagi kelompok kulit hitam. Namun, di balik kepedulian tersebut sesungguhnya Partai Komunis bertujuan untuk menarik simpati kelompok kulit hitam di Selatan dan kelompok Liberal di Utara untuk masuk menjadi anggota partai. Selama tahun 1930-an perhatian dunia begitu besar pada kasus Scottsboro Boys, dimana sembilan pemuda kulit hitam dinyatakan bersalah karena perbuatan yang tidak pernah mereka lakukan sama sekali. Diawali dengan kepedulian terhadap kelompok kulit hitam, tekanan dari Comintern di Moskow, dan kebutuhan untuk dapat merekrut orang sebanyak-banyaknya masuk ke partai, membuat partai ikut berperan dalam kasus ini. Partai melakukan dua strategi dalam kasus ini yaitu dengan mengusahakan adanya naik banding bagi para terdakwa ke Mahkamah Agung dan pengerahan massa untuk menarik simpati masyarakat AS terhadap pars terdakwa. Kasus Scottsboro terjadi pada tanggal 25 Maret 1931 pada sebuah kereta api barang di antara daerah Stevenson dan Scottsboro, Alabama. Pada awalnya di sebuah gerbong terjadi perselisihan antara sekelompok pemuda kulit hitam dan sekelompok pemuda kulit putih. Perselisihan tersebut diakhiri dengan kekalahan kelompok pemuda kulit putih yang terlempar keluar dari kereta. Sekelompok pemuda kulit putih yang terlempar keluar tersebut kemudian berlari menuju stasiun terdekat dan melaporkan bahwa mereka telah diserang oleh sekelompok pemuda kulit hitam di kereta api barang yang sedang menuju ke stasiun Paint Rock, Ketika kereta sampai di stasiun puluhan petugas bersenjata mengepung kereta dan beberapa di antaranya masuk ke dalam kereta dan menangkap setiap pemuda kulit hitam yang ada di dalam kereta. Ketika itu para petugas menemukan dua orang wanita kulit putih yaitu Victoria Price 23 tahun dan Ruby Bates 18 tahun ada di dalam kereta. Dua orang wanita kulit putih tersebut diperiksa dan menyatakan bahwa mereka telah diperkosa oleh sembilan orang pemuda kulit hitam yang bcrhasil ditangkap petugas. Persidangan pertama bagi para terdakwa dilaksanakan pada bulan April 1931. Hukuman mati diberikan bagi delapan orang terdakwa dan hukuman penjara seumur hidup bagi seorang di antaranya karena usianya yang masih muda saat itu. Kasus ini mengalami tiga kali masa kepemimpinan hakim dan satu kali pergantian jaksa penuntut. Komposisi juri yang ada semuanya kulit putih dan baru pada persidangan di tahun 1935 sebagian orang kulit hitam dapat masuk ke dalam komposisi juri. Partai Komunis memberikan fasilitas sebuah tim pembela hukum yang diketuai oleh Samuel Liebowitz bagi para terdakwa. Untuk memudahkan langkahnya Liebowitz membuat sebuah komite yang dinamakan dengan American Scottsboro Committee (ASC) pada tahun 1934. Kecurangan dalam persidangan dilakukan oleh kader komunis yaitu dengan menyuap Victoria Price. Setelah kejadian tersebut ASC kemudian bersama dengan organisasi-organisasi lainnya yang peduli dengan kasus ini membentuk Scottsboro Defense Committee (SDC). Dengan terbentuknya SDC maka keterlibatan partai Komunis secara khusus dalam kasus ini pun diakhiri."

"Penelitian ini membahas tentang peran Edith Windsor untuk menghapus diskriminasi terhadap kaum homoseksual di Amerika Serikat khususnya menghapus praktik Pasal Ketiga Defence of Marriage Act (DOMA). Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana peran Edith Windsor dalam upaya menggugat praktik Pasal Ketiga Defence of Marriage Act (DOMA) di Mahkamah Agung Amerika Serikat dan bagaimana hasilnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksplanatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teori gerakan sosial baru dan teori queer serta konsep homoseksual digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Edith Windsor berhasil memenangkan gugatannya dengan harus melewati berbagai judicial review yang diajukan oleh mereka yang anti-homoseksual. Adapun cara Edith Windsor dalam upaya penghapusan diskriminasi tersebut, yaitu melalui advokasi litigasi (citizen law suit). Dari peran yang dilakukan, Edith Windsor berhasil mengangkat kembali isu diskriminasi hingga terbentuk usulan draft RUU pernikahan yang baru di Kongres. Penelitian ini berkesimpulan bahwa perjuangan Edith Windsor berhasil menyatakan Pasal Ketiga DOMA sebagai sesuatu yang inkonstitusional.

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This research discusses about the role of Edith Windsor to eliminate discrimination against homosexuals in the United States in particular eliminate the practice of Article Third Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA). The problem in this research is how the role of Edith Windsor in an attempt to sue the practice of Article Third Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) in the Supreme Court of the United States and how the results. This research is an explanatory research using qualitative approach. This research employs theory of new social movement, queer theory and also homosexuals concepts.

The results of this study are Edith Windsor won the lawsuit that must passed through various appeals judicial review by those who are anti-homosexual. As for how Edith Windsor in an effort to eliminate such discrimination, which is through litigation advocacy (citizen law suit). Of the role played by, Edith Windsor successfully raised the issue of discrimination and formed the proposed draft new marriage bill in congress. This research concluded that the struggle by Edith Windsor managed to declare Article Third DOMA as unconstitutional."

"Diskriminasi terhadap kaum wanita kulit putih di Amerika Serikat sudah ada sejak beberapa ratus tahun lalu. Dengan adanya diskriminasi ini maka timbullah gerakan-gerakan feminisme yang menentangnya. Maka pada tahun 1848 konvensi feminis awal yang dilakukan oleh kaum wanita di Seneca Falls, New York, mengungkapkan Declaration of Sentiments yang mengatakan bahwa semua wanita diciptakan sama/identik dengan pria baik dalam hal kapasitas maupun tanggung jawabnya. Jika wanita dan pria itu serupa di mata Tuhan, maka tidak ada dasar lain untuk memperlakukan wanita sebagai individu yang berbeda dan lebih rendah dari pria. Masalah yang dibahas dalam tesis ini ialah diskriminasi terhadap wanita kulit putih eksekutif dalam upah dan kedudukan. Sekalipun seorang wanita kulit putih eksekutif melakukan tugas yang setara dengan pria eksekutif, upah yang diterima wanita akan lebih rendah dari yang diterima pria. Dalam hal kedudukan pun demikian pula. Lebih mudah bagi kaum pria untuk memperoleh posisi puncak dari pada kaum wanitanya. Tujuan penulisan tesis ini adalah untuk menunjukkan bahwa di Amerika Serikat yang terkenal sangat demokratis itu, masih ada diskriminasi terhadap wanita, juga wanita kulit putih. Lebih-lebih lagi diskriminasi ini teijadi terhadap wanita kulit putih eksekutif yang tergolong tinggi pendidikannya. Metode penulisan yang saya pakai sepenuhnya mengguuakan studi kepustakaan sebagai sumber utama, ditunjang oleh informasi yang saya peroleh melalui internet.Hasilnya ialah bahwa diskriminasi terhadap wanita kulit putih eksekutif itu memang ada, khususnya mengenai upah dan kedudukan mereka yang tidak setara dengan pria eksekutif untuk membuktikan adanya diskriminasi ini saya memberikan kasus-kasus dengan melampirkan tabelnya. Saya juga memperoleh jawaban bahwa sampai tahun 1990-an masih terjadi diskriminasi terhadap wanita kulit putih eksekutif dalam upah dan kedudukan, yang disebabkan oleh adanya perbedaan dalam cara mendidik dan membesarkan anak laki-laki dan perempuan dalam keluarga Amerika serta sikap patriarki yang kuat dalam masyarakat Amerika yang menganggap kaum wanita sebagai subordinasi dari kaum pria. Juga saya menguraikan pola-pola yang digunakan dalam mendiskriminasikan wanita kulit putih eksekutif ini. Pada akhirnya saya memberikan kesimpulan, bahwa wanita kulit putih eksekutif masih menghadapi hambatan-hambatan yang mencegah mereka untuk memperoleh upah dan kedudukan yang setara dengan pria eksekutif.

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Discrimination against white females in the United States started some hundred years ago. Due to discrimination, feminist movements appeared and tried to oppose it. The radical nature of the early feminist movement was revealed in the Declaration of Sentiments, which asserted that `all men and women are created equal'. Equal in their capacity as well as responsibility. If man and woman are equal in the eyes of God, there is no reason to treat one sex as different from and less equal than the other. The problem in this thesis is that discrimination against white female executives concerns pay and position. Even though a white female executive does an equal job as a male executive, the pay a female gets is lower than what the male executive receives. This is the same in position. It is much easier for a male to get a top position but this does not count for a female. My aim to write this thesis is to show that there is still discrimination against white women. Significantly this discrimination is against the white female executives who belong to the highly educated ones. The writing method I conduct is by using fully a literature study as a primary source, backed up with some information from the Internet.

The result is that discrimination against white female executives really exists, mainly concerning pay and position. To prove these, I have stated some cases of discrimination in which I include a table showing inequality of pay and position between female and male executives. I also prove that discrimination happens due to the difference of the parents' attitude in the way of upbringing their son and daughter. Besides that the patriarchy is deeply embedded in the social culture of the United States. I also mention how the patterns of discrimination are. Finally in conclusion, I wrote that female executives still face barriers in their efforts to get equal pay and position."

"Artikel ini menganalisa penggambaran dari tiga etnis melalui karakter-karakter utama pada drama medis House, M. D. yaitu Dr. Gregory House, Dr. Robert Chase, Dr. Eric Foreman dan Dr. Chi Park. Sebagaimana drama medis tidak hanya memaparkan dunia medis kepada penonton, namun juga membentuk persepsi publik mengenai bagaimana para praktisi kesehatan dan sistem pelayanan kesehatan bekerja, artikel ini berupaya untuk menunjukkan bagaimana diskriminasi-diskriminasi rasial muncul pada otoritas dan keahlian biomedis para praktisi kesehatan. Melalui analisis tekstual, artikel ini berargumen bahwa drama ini tidak hanya mendekonstruksi dan memperkuat citra stereotipikal dari orang-orang Afrika-Amerika dan Asia, namun juga merepresentasikan supremasi kulit putih di Amerika Serikat.

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This article analyses the portrayals of three different ethnicities through the leading characters, which are Dr. Gregory House, Dr. Robert Chase, Dr. Eric Foreman and Dr. Chi Park, in the medical drama House, M.D. As medical drama not only exposes the world of medicine to the audiences but also shapes public perceptions about how the physicians and health care system work, this article attempts to show how racial discriminations occur among the physicians? biomedical authority and expertise. Through textual analysis, this article argues that the show not only deconstructs and reinforces the widely-accepted, stereotypical images of African-Americans and Asians but also represents white supremacy in the United States."

"Penelitian ini mencoba menganalisis kontra-stereotipe dari orang kulit hitam dan kulit putih pada film Black or White (2014). Bagaimana mereka digambarkan akan menjadi fokus pada penelitian ini. Dengan menggunakan analisis tekstual, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa orang kulit hitam digambarkan sebagai orang yang berpendidikan, berkualitas dan sukses. Sementara, orang kulit putih digambarkan sebagai orang yang tidak baik, pecandu alkohol dan penurut. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada studi tentang representasi ras dengan memperlihatkan bahwa film ini menghadirkan kontra-stereotipe antara orang kulit hitam dan kulit putih, yang mana itu berarti diskriminasi ras masih terdapat pada masyarakat.

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This research attempts to analyse the counter-stereotype of Blacks and Whites in Black or White (2014). How Blacks and Whites are portrayed will be the focus of this study. By using textual analysis, this study finds that Blacks are represented as educative, qualified and successful. Meanwhile, Whites are portrayed as bum, alcoholic and submissive. This study contributes to the study of racial representation by showing that this film represents counter-stereotype of Blacks and Whites, which means racial discrimination still exists in the society."

"[ ABSTRAK Pada tahun 1998 terjadi dua peristiwa yang memberikan dampak penting terhadap warga etnis Tionghoa di Indonesia.Peristiwa pertama adalah Kerusuhan Mei 1998 yang dilanjutkan oleh peristiwa berikutnya yaitu turunnya Soeharto dari kursi presiden yang menandai berakhirnya pemerintahan Orde Baru. Kerusuhan Mei 1998 yang sarat akan sentimen anti-Tionghoa dan memakan banyak korban warga etnis Tionghoa justru menciptakan sebuah titik balik dalam gerakan warga Tionghoa. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui proses berdirinya organisasi massa bernama Perhimpunan Indonesia Tionghoa (INTI) dan sejauh apa kiprahnya dalam upaya integrasi dengan warga etnis lainnya serta upaya pemenuhan hak WNI keturunan Tionghoa. Sumber-sumber data untuk penelitian ini diperoleh dari buku-buku, jurnal, koran, serta arsip yang didapatkan dari berbagai sumber seperti Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia dan arsip Perhimpunan INTI. Kontribusi dari Perhimpunan INTI tidak begitu disorot dalam koran-koran nasional pada masa awal berdirinya sehingga sumber utama berasal dari wawancara dengan beberapa pendiri organisasi.Tidak semua upaya sepenuhnya dilakukan oleh warga Tionghoa semata tetapi juga terdapat kontribusi dari tokoh-tokoh dengan latar belakang etnis yang berbeda.Ini pun menunjukkan bahwa Perhimpunan INTI berhasil meraih simpati dari berbagai kalangan yang menjadi sebuah langkah awal yang penting dalam upaya integrasi.

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ABSTRACT During 1998, there were two events that had important impacts on Chinese ethnic in Indonesia. The first was May 1998 Riot, which followed by the second event, i.e. the fall of Soeharto and the end of the New Order government in Indonesia. Mei 1998 Riots, which was filled with anti-Chinese sentiment and took a lot of victims of Chinese ethnic, created a turning point in the Indonesian Chinese movement. This research aims to explore the process of the establishment of the Association of the Indonesian Chinese (Perhimpunan INTI) and its contribution tothe integration of the Indonesian Chinese ethnic with other ethnicsas well as thefulfillment ofthe Indonesian Chinese rights. Data is coming from books, journals, newspapers, and archives, which is provided in libraries of ANRI (Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia) and Association of the Indonesian Chinese. However, its contribution to the above goals is hardly found in national newspapers at the beginning of its foundation; therefore this research will use interviews with some Association of the Indonesian Chinese founders as its main data (information). It is clear from this research that the success of Association of the Indonesian Chinese does not result from Indonesian Chinese efforts alone, but also from other ethnic supports. Those supports have become proves that Association of the Indonesian Chinese has been winning a sympathy from many people.;During 1998, there were two events that had important impacts on Chinese ethnic in Indonesia. The first was May 1998 Riot, which followed by the second event, i.e. the fall of Soeharto and the end of the New Order government in Indonesia. Mei 1998 Riots, which was filled with anti-Chinese sentiment and took a lot of victims of Chinese ethnic, created a turning point in the Indonesian Chinese movement. This research aims to explore the process of the establishment of the Association of the Indonesian Chinese (Perhimpunan INTI) and its contribution tothe integration of the Indonesian Chinese ethnic with other ethnicsas well as thefulfillment ofthe Indonesian Chinese rights. Data is coming from books, journals, newspapers, and archives, which is provided in libraries of ANRI (Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia) and Association of the Indonesian Chinese. However, its contribution to the above goals is hardly found in national newspapers at the beginning of its foundation; therefore this research will use interviews with some Association of the Indonesian Chinese founders as its main data (information). It is clear from this research that the success of Association of the Indonesian Chinese does not result from Indonesian Chinese efforts alone, but also from other ethnic supports. Those supports have become proves that Association of the Indonesian Chinese has been winning a sympathy from many people.;During 1998, there were two events that had important impacts on Chinese ethnic in Indonesia. The first was May 1998 Riot, which followed by the second event, i.e. the fall of Soeharto and the end of the New Order government in Indonesia. Mei 1998 Riots, which was filled with anti-Chinese sentiment and took a lot of victims of Chinese ethnic, created a turning point in the Indonesian Chinese movement. This research aims to explore the process of the establishment of the Association of the Indonesian Chinese (Perhimpunan INTI) and its contribution tothe integration of the Indonesian Chinese ethnic with other ethnicsas well as thefulfillment ofthe Indonesian Chinese rights. Data is coming from books, journals, newspapers, and archives, which is provided in libraries of ANRI (Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia) and Association of the Indonesian Chinese. However, its contribution to the above goals is hardly found in national newspapers at the beginning of its foundation; therefore this research will use interviews with some Association of the Indonesian Chinese founders as its main data (information). It is clear from this research that the success of Association of the Indonesian Chinese does not result from Indonesian Chinese efforts alone, but also from other ethnic supports. Those supports have become proves that Association of the Indonesian Chinese has been winning a sympathy from many people.;During 1998, there were two events that had important impacts on Chinese ethnic in Indonesia. The first was May 1998 Riot, which followed by the second event, i.e. the fall of Soeharto and the end of the New Order government in Indonesia. Mei 1998 Riots, which was filled with anti-Chinese sentiment and took a lot of victims of Chinese ethnic, created a turning point in the Indonesian Chinese movement. This research aims to explore the process of the establishment of the Association of the Indonesian Chinese (Perhimpunan INTI) and its contribution tothe integration of the Indonesian Chinese ethnic with other ethnicsas well as thefulfillment ofthe Indonesian Chinese rights. Data is coming from books, journals, newspapers, and archives, which is provided in libraries of ANRI (Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia) and Association of the Indonesian Chinese. However, its contribution to the above goals is hardly found in national newspapers at the beginning of its foundation; therefore this research will use interviews with some Association of the Indonesian Chinese founders as its main data (information). It is clear from this research that the success of Association of the Indonesian Chinese does not result from Indonesian Chinese efforts alone, but also from other ethnic supports. Those supports have become proves that Association of the Indonesian Chinese has been winning a sympathy from many people.;During 1998, there were two events that had important impacts on Chinese ethnic in Indonesia. The first was May 1998 Riot, which followed by the second event, i.e. the fall of Soeharto and the end of the New Order government in Indonesia. Mei 1998 Riots, which was filled with anti-Chinese sentiment and took a lot of victims of Chinese ethnic, created a turning point in the Indonesian Chinese movement. This research aims to explore the process of the establishment of the Association of the Indonesian Chinese (Perhimpunan INTI) and its contribution tothe integration of the Indonesian Chinese ethnic with other ethnicsas well as thefulfillment ofthe Indonesian Chinese rights. Data is coming from books, journals, newspapers, and archives, which is provided in libraries of ANRI (Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia) and Association of the Indonesian Chinese. However, its contribution to the above goals is hardly found in national newspapers at the beginning of its foundation; therefore this research will use interviews with some Association of the Indonesian Chinese founders as its main data (information). It is clear from this research that the success of Association of the Indonesian Chinese does not result from Indonesian Chinese efforts alone, but also from other ethnic supports. Those supports have become proves that Association of the Indonesian Chinese has been winning a sympathy from many people.;During 1998, there were two events that had important impacts on Chinese ethnic in Indonesia. The first was May 1998 Riot, which followed by the second event, i.e. the fall of Soeharto and the end of the New Order government in Indonesia. Mei 1998 Riots, which was filled with anti-Chinese sentiment and took a lot of victims of Chinese ethnic, created a turning point in the Indonesian Chinese movement. This research aims to explore the process of the establishment of the Association of the Indonesian Chinese (Perhimpunan INTI) and its contribution tothe integration of the Indonesian Chinese ethnic with other ethnicsas well as thefulfillment ofthe Indonesian Chinese rights. Data is coming from books, journals, newspapers, and archives, which is provided in libraries of ANRI (Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia) and Association of the Indonesian Chinese. However, its contribution to the above goals is hardly found in national newspapers at the beginning of its foundation; therefore this research will use interviews with some Association of the Indonesian Chinese founders as its main data (information). It is clear from this research that the success of Association of the Indonesian Chinese does not result from Indonesian Chinese efforts alone, but also from other ethnic supports. Those supports have become proves that Association of the Indonesian Chinese has been winning a sympathy from many people.;During 1998, there were two events that had important impacts on Chinese ethnic in Indonesia. The first was May 1998 Riot, which followed by the second event, i.e. the fall of Soeharto and the end of the New Order government in Indonesia. Mei 1998 Riots, which was filled with anti-Chinese sentiment and took a lot of victims of Chinese ethnic, created a turning point in the Indonesian Chinese movement. This research aims to explore the process of the establishment of the Association of the Indonesian Chinese (Perhimpunan INTI) and its contribution tothe integration of the Indonesian Chinese ethnic with other ethnicsas well as thefulfillment ofthe Indonesian Chinese rights. Data is coming from books, journals, newspapers, and archives, which is provided in libraries of ANRI (Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia) and Association of the Indonesian Chinese. However, its contribution to the above goals is hardly found in national newspapers at the beginning of its foundation; therefore this research will use interviews with some Association of the Indonesian Chinese founders as its main data (information). It is clear from this research that the success of Association of the Indonesian Chinese does not result from Indonesian Chinese efforts alone, but also from other ethnic supports. Those supports have become proves that Association of the Indonesian Chinese has been winning a sympathy from many people., During 1998, there were two events that had important impacts on Chinese ethnic in Indonesia. The first was May 1998 Riot, which followed by the second event, i.e. the fall of Soeharto and the end of the New Order government in Indonesia. Mei 1998 Riots, which was filled with anti-Chinese sentiment and took a lot of victims of Chinese ethnic, created a turning point in the Indonesian Chinese movement. This research aims to explore the process of the establishment of the Association of the Indonesian Chinese (Perhimpunan INTI) and its contribution tothe integration of the Indonesian Chinese ethnic with other ethnicsas well as thefulfillment ofthe Indonesian Chinese rights. Data is coming from books, journals, newspapers, and archives, which is provided in libraries of ANRI (Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia) and Association of the Indonesian Chinese. However, its contribution to the above goals is hardly found in national newspapers at the beginning of its foundation; therefore this research will use interviews with some Association of the Indonesian Chinese founders as its main data (information). It is clear from this research that the success of Association of the Indonesian Chinese does not result from Indonesian Chinese efforts alone, but also from other ethnic supports. Those supports have become proves that Association of the Indonesian Chinese has been winning a sympathy from many people.]"