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"In general, the difference between qualitative and quantitative research canbe seen from the characteristics of data used (measured versus observed), datacollection methods (structured interview versus in-depth interview, participantobservation), and clearly, from the method of analysis. Example is quantitativeresearch with quantitative guidance (level of significance in hypothesis measuring,factor analysis in creating construct validity estimation of a variable measuring,and so on). Indeed, we need to analyze some of the questions related with thediffering between both, that include: do all qualitative research are researcheswhich emphasized in subjectivity and reflexivity? Do all qualitative researchemergent or exploratory in nature? Do all qualitative research ideographic innature? Isn?t there one research that nomothetic? How about the results foundusing proposition from the perspective of social construction of reality? Some of theanswers from the questions above will be discussed in this article."

"dalam dunia Ilmu Perpustakaan dan informasi (selanjutnya disingakat IPI mirip dengan LIS atau Library and Information Science) penelitian yang benar-benar dianggap penelitian dimulai sekitar tahun 1930an tatkala Library School University of Chicago membuka program doktor."

"This article discusses hoe the qualitative approach in the social sciences is applied to the study of education and educational systems. A discussion is given on how the qualitative approach differs from the quantitative approach, with an emphasis on how an understanding of the culture of the people under study becomes of a central importance in the former. Educational institutions must be studied within a wider context, allowing the researcher to identify relevant problem areas that are often deemed irrelevant by quantitative studies using deductive models. It is also noted that research conducted with the qualitative approach requires that the researcher must have sufficient theoretical and conceptual knowledge, as well as knowledge of the methods needed to collect data."