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"On 21 November 2007, leaders of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) promulgated the ASEAN Charter (the Charter). Not only does it provide legal basis for ASEAN?s legal personality; it also provides new legal norms for its member states. One of those that need to be discussed is the establishment of ASEAN?s Human Rights Body (the Body). This obligation is stipulated in Article 14 of the Charter, which stresses the commitment of member nations to protect human rights. However, the establishment of the Body has faced numerous pessimistic opinions regarding the organisation?s capability to protect human rights considering its notorious reputation over this matter. The article is fosucing on some areas of concerns that need to be looked at to put the Body into operation. Some important lessons from the European Human Rights Body is examined as comparison."

""As postcolonial nations, the boundaries of countries in island Southeast Asia were determined and delineated by the respective colonial administrations prior to political independence. Consequently, the territorial boundaries approximately correspond with the territorial limits under colonial tutelage. Within these territories are to be found indigenous colonized population and resident immigrant populations encouraged by the economic opportunities provided by colonization. As postcolonial nations, these countries are unavoidably 'multiracial' or 'multiethnic', and thus 'multicultural', by their colonial legacies. Each of these countries has transformed this demographic and geographic reality into part of the national ideology and political practice, in respective ways that are historically over determined. This paper will attempt to place these three cases within a larger theoretical framework of multiculturalism and call for political adjustments in the three polities.""