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"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan di desa Krenceng, Kecamatan Nglegok Kabupaten Blitar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang kontribusi wanita dalam usaha gula semut. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 40 orang. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data primer dan sekunder. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam usaha gula semut wanita berperan memasak nira sampai menjadi gula. Curahan waktu yang dihabiskan oleh wanita untuk kegiatan ini relatif lebih sedikit daripada laki-laki yang berperan sebagai penderes, namun jika ditinjau dari pekerjaan rumah tangga secara keseluruhan maka curahan waktu yang dihabiskan oleh wanita lebih besar daripada laki-laki. Penggunaan uang hasil usaha dikelola bersama-sama untuk kepentingan rumah tangga, menyekolahkan anak, dlsb. Namun pengambilan keputusan khususnya untuk hal-hal yang menyangkut pengolahan gula seut, wanita lebih dominan daripada laki-laki."

"This paper provides an outline for the study of the role of the social sciences in the study of the workings of civil society in the context of Indonesian and Malaysian Islam. It begins with a discussion on the concepts of civil society and masyarakat madani, term often mistranslated and misunderstood as civil society. It is through a comparison of the two that the relevance of civil society in terms of its theory and practice to Islam is established. Next, I turn to a discussion of the types of use of the social sciences by the various components of civil society. This is followed by a discussion on the need for an account of the impact of the social sciences on public discourse, policy-makers, legislators and NGOs. To the extent that the social sciences do impact in the above arenas, how we may understand the relevance of Islam in this respect is addressed. I conclude by way of an exposition of the relationship between the concepts of civil society and masyarakat madani in the context of the need for a moral public."

"While there has been awareness of the problems of the relevance of Western concepts, theories and assumptions in critical works on the state of the social sciences in the Third World, what is meant as a conceptual level by relevance and irrelevance has rarely been the subject of discussion. The conceptualization of relevance is important because it lies at the basis of efforts to make the social sciences more relevant to conditions in the Third World. Nevertheless, the calls for greater relevance have generally been made in vague terms owing to the less than systematic manner in which "irrelevance" was discussed. The result was that calls for more relevant social sciences were equally unclear. This paper aims to advance our understanding of the problem of relevance by way of providing a preliminary conceptualization of relevance. "