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"Spectral radius of graphs provides a thorough overview of important results on the spectral radius of adjacency matrix of graphs that have appeared in the literature in the preceding ten years, most of them with proofs, and including some previously unpublished results of the author. The primer begins with a brief classical review, in order to provide the reader with a foundation for the subsequent chapters. Topics covered include spectral decomposition, the Perron-Frobenius theorem, the Rayleigh quotient, the Weyl inequalities, and the Interlacing theorem. From this introduction, the book delves deeper into the properties of the principal eigenvector; a critical subject as many of the results on the spectral radius of graphs rely on the properties of the principal eigenvector for their proofs. A following chapter surveys spectral radius of special graphs, covering multipartite graphs, non-regular graphs, planar graphs, threshold graphs, and others. Finally, the work explores results on the structure of graphs having extreme spectral radius in classes of graphs defined by fixing the value of a particular, integer-valued graph invariant, such as: the diameter, the radius, the domination number, the matching number, the clique number, the independence number, the chromatic number or the sequence of vertex degrees."

"This study differs from previous studies by applying multivariate statistical analysis and multi-criterion decision-making methods to the improvement of service quality. We use the rough set theory (RST) with a flow graph approach to determine customer attitudes regarding service quality, which can assist managers in developing strategies to improve service quality and thus satisfy the needs of customers. A set of rules is derived from a large sample of airline customers, and its predictive ability is evaluated. The flow graph and the cause-and-effect relationship of the decision rules are heavily exploited in service quality characteristics. As compared with the results of other data-mining analyses, our results are encouraging. This study demonstrates that the combination of the RST model and flow graphs assists in identifying the needs of customers, determining their characteristics, and facilitating the development of an improvement strategy."

"Misalkan G(V,E) adalah graf sederhana, u dan v adalah simpul-simpul dari graf G. Suatu pemetaan bijektif f:V(G)∪E(G)→{1,2,3,…,|V(G)|+|E(G)|} disebut sebagai pelabelan total super antiajaib lokal jika untuk setiap dua simpul bertetangga u,v pada V(G),w(u)≠w(v) dengan w(x)=f(x)+∑_(e∈E(G)) f(x) untuk setiap busur e yang hadir pada simpul x, dan f(V(G))={1,2,3,…,|V(G)|}. Nilai minimum banyak jenis bobot berbeda pada pelabelan total super simpul antiajaib lokal pada graf G dinotasikan χ_slat (G). Pada penelitian ini, dipelajari karakterisasi graf pohon yang memiliki nilai χ_slat (G)=2, eksistensi graf pohon yang memiliki nilai χ_slat (G)=3, serta konstruksi graf pohon yang memiliki nilai χ_slat (G)=n untuk suatu bilangan bulat n

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.Let G(V,E) be a simple graph and u,v be vertices of graph G. A bijective map f:V(G)∪E(G)→{1,2,3,…,|V(G)|+|E(G)|} is called super vertex local antimagic total labeling if for every two adjacent vertices u,v in V(G), w(u)≠w(v) with w(x)=f(x)+∑_(e∈E(G)) f(e) for every edge e incident to vertex v. The super vertex local antimagic total chromatic number χ_slat (G) is the minimum number of colors taken over all colorings induced by super vertex local antimagic total labeling of G. The research shows the characterization tree graph T which have χ_slat (T)=2, the existence of the tree graphs T which have χ_slat (T)=3, and the construction of tree graph T which have χ_slat (T)=n for integer n."