Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"In general, many studies have shown the association between TB and malnutrition. However, the mechanism between nutritional status and host defense in TB remains unclear, particularly the role of antioxidant status. This study was undertaken to investigate the antioxidant level (vitamin C, β-carotene, α-tocopherol), food intake and nutritional status in active pulmonary TB patients and healthy subjects."

"TB is still major problem even though number of TB cases had been decline steadily due to discovery and continuing research of TB drugs since 1940 and also increasing of funding and attention to global TB problem. Indonesia is the third country in descending order of TB case numbers. It is considered as the third main cause of death after cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in this country. Several years ago, East Nusa Tenggara province had the highest incidence of sputum smear positive compared with other provinces in Indonesia. TB creates certain burdens in the community, initially in health and nutrition aspect, and then followed by other human aspects including economy and social. It is, therefore, eradicating TB in an effective and efficient way becomes a very emerging issue on TB treatment strategy. Since TB is an immune-related disease, hence, enhancing the immune system might be considered as an important strategy to be considered on TB treatment. Zinc, vitamin A and a new discovered protein, leptin, take a part on that issue. A cross sectional study was conducted with a main objective of investigating the relationship between nutritional and leptin status of new diagnosed pulmonary TB disease with the disease severity in selected districts of East Nusa Tenggara province, Indonesia. This research report is divided into three parts. Part 1 includes comprehensive reviews on the background of the study, literature review, problem statement and rationale, objective, hypotheses, conceptual framework and variable indicator matrix. Part 2 wraps up the manuscript for publication, entitled "Micronutrients and Leptin status Are Associated with the Radiological Features Among New Diagnosed Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients." It is written and formatted based on author's guideline of the Journal of Nutrition. Part 3 covers the supporting documents including detailed methodology and other result, author's guideline of the journal, questionnaire, ethical approval, informed consent, official permit letter, references and curriculum vitae. It is expected that the results of this study may contribute to the body of knowledge about the severity of TB that reflects the specific profile of nutritional status (body fat, BMI, MUAC and micronutrient status) and plasma leptin. Furthermore, it will serve as reference data for further investigations, better interventions and treatments on active pulmonary TB patients."

"This study was carried out to analyze the serum vitamin A / carotene concentration among Indonesian full term neonates in relation to maternal nutritional status and nutrients intake. One hundred and eight couples' (mothers + neonates) were recruited for the study. The serum vitamin A/carotene concentrate ion was determined by High Pressure Liquid Chromotography (HPLC) and Ultraviolet Absorbance/Spectrophotometric method (IVACG, 1982) and the dietary nutrient intake of the mothers was analyzed using a 2 day/24 hours recall method. Seventy one (67%) of the neonates were suffering from low vitamin A level ( (20 g/dl), the rest 35 (33%) were at an adequate vitamin A level (>20 / g/dl) and 13 (12%) of the mothers were suffering from low vitamin A level ( <20 /4g/di), the rest 95 (88%) were at an adequate vitamin A level. That mean serum vitamin A/carotene of the neonates was lower than those of their mothers. The mean serum vitamin A of the mothers was 30.7 ,wg/dl - v.53 and mean serum carotene of the mothers was 124.23g/dl - 49.66. The study concluded that there was no significant correlation between serum vitamin A of the neonates and serum vitamin A of their mothers (p } 0.1). It was found that? serum vitamin .A concentration and serum carotene of the mothers were positively correlated; also maternal serum carotene was positively related to serum carotene of the neonates. The beta-carotene intake, fat intake, protein intake were positively related to serum vitamin A of the mothers. Further investigation using larger numbers of samples and more controlled method was suggested to -scrutinize the influences of gestational age, dietary nutrients intake on the serum of vitamin A/carotene of the mothers. The study also pointed out the importance of providing .the pregnant mothers with sound information about nutrition in pregnancy."

"Salah satu karakteristik klinis yang sering diamati pada TB paru adalah adanya kavitas paru pada pemeriksaan radiologis dada. Kavitas paru akan menyebabkan prognosis lebih buruk akibat keterlambatan konversi kultur sputum, hasil klinis yang buruk, dan penularan infeksi yang lebih tinggi. Beberapa faktor yang telah ditemukan berkaitan dengan kavitas paru adalah usia tua, jenis kelamin laki-laki, penyakit penyerta diabetes mellitus, dan malnutrisi. Prevalensi malnutrisi pada pasien dengan TB diperkirakan berkisar antara 50% sampai 57%, dan malnutrisi dikaitkan dengan dua kali lipat risiko kematian. Telah lama diketahui bahwa terdapat hubungan antara TB dan malnutrisi, tetapi dampak malnutrisi terhadap derajat keparahan TB, yang dilihat dari adanya kaviats paru, masih kurang diketahui dan data yang telah ada masih saling bertentangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara status gizi dan kavitas paru pada pasien tuberkulosis paru di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Persahabatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang. Sebanyak 134 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria menjadi subjek penelitian di Instalasi Rawat Jalan dan Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Persahabatan. Pasien pada penelitian ini umumnya berjenis kelamin laki-laki (61,9%) dan berusia 18-59 tahun (92,5%). Mayoritas subjek penelitian termasuk dalam kategori status gizi SGA B (malnutrisi ringan-sedang) sebanyak 77 orang (57,5%), SGA A (status gizi baik) sebanyak 35 orang (26,1%), dan SGA C (malnutrisi berat) sebesar 22 orang (16,4%). Proporsi kavitas paru pada pasien TB paru dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 42 orang (31,3%). Penelitian ini mendapatkan hubungan bermakna secara statistik antara status gizi berdasarkan SGA dan kavitas paru (OR=6,933; 95%CI=1,986-24,205; p=0,002; aOR=7,303 (95%CI=2,060-25,890; p=0,002). Variabel lain yang mempengaruhi terbentuknya kavitas paru adalah pemeriksaan bakteriologis (p=0,016), TB resisten obat (p<0,001), dan perubahan BB (p=0,033). Analisis multivariat mendapatkan bahwa pemodelan dapat memenuhi 29,3% faktor prediktor kejadian kolonisasi dan setelah dimasukkan ke dalam perhitungan, maka probabilitas seorang pasien yang mengalami TB resisten obat dan malnutrisi untuk pembentukan kavitas paru adalah sebesar 95,16%. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara status gizi dan kavitas paru pada pasien tuberkulosis paru di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Persahabatan.

---

One of the clinical characteristics that is often found in pulmonary TB is the presence of lung cavities on chest radiological examination. Lung cavities will lead to a worse prognosis due to delayed sputum culture conversion, poor clinical outcome, and higher transmission of infection. Several factors that have been found to be related to the lung cavity are elder age, male gender, comorbid diabetes mellitus, and malnutrition. The prevalence of malnutrition itself in patients with TB is estimated to range from 50% to 57%, and malnutrition is associated with a twofold risk of death. It has long been known that there is a relationship between TB and malnutrition, but the impact of malnutrition on the severity of TB, which is observed from lung cavity presence, is still poorly understood and the available data are conflicting. This study aims to determine the relationship between nutritional status and lung cavity in pulmonary tuberculosis patients at Persahabatan General Hospital. This research is a cross-sectional study. A total of 134 patients who met the criteria became research subjects at the Outpatient and Inpatient Department at the Persahabatan General Hospital. Patients in this study were generally male (61.9%) and aged 18-59 years (92.5%). The majority of research subjects were included in the SGA B (mild-moderate malnutrition) category of 77 people (57.5%), SGA A (good nutritional status) of 35 people (26.1%), and SGA C (severe malnutrition). by 22 people (16.4%). The proportion of lung cavities in pulmonary TB patients in this study were 42 people (31.3%). This study found a statistically significant relationship between nutritional status based on SGA and lung cavities (OR=6.933; 95%CI=1.986-24.205; p=0.002; aOR=7.303 (95%CI=2.060-25.890; p=0.002). Variables Other factors that influenced the formation of lung cavities were bacteriological examination (p=0.016), drug-resistant TB (p<0.001), and changes in weight (p=0.033). Multivariate analysis found that modeling could fulfill 29.3% of the predictors of colonization and after taken into account, the probability of a patient with drug-resistant TB and malnutrition for lung cavity formation is 95.16%. Conclusion: There is a relationship between nutritional status and lung cavity in pulmonary tuberculosis patients at Persahabatan General Hospital."

"Tuberkulosis merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan global. Terdapat banyak pasien tuberkulosis memiliki status gizi kurang saat awal diagnosis yang berdampak pada penurunan daya tahan tubuh pasien tersebut, sehingga meningkatkan risiko terjadinya kegagala dapn konversi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara status gizi pasien tuberkulosis pada awal diagnosis dengan keberhasilan konversi sputum. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kohort retrospektif dengan menggunakan data sekunder yang didapat dari Kartu Pasien TB.01 di UPT Puskesmas Sukmajaya, UPF Puskesmas Villa Pertiwi dan UPF Puskesmas Abadi Jaya n=131. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan 93,2 pasien dengan status gizi kurang BMI0,05 antara status gizi pasien tuberkulosis saat awal diagnosis dengan keberhasilan konversi sputum setelah pengobatan fase intensif dilakukan RR 1,016 ,95 CI,0,932-1,108.

---

Tuberculosis is one of global health problem. There is many tuberculosis patients who have low nutritional status in the initial of diagnosis that can lower the immune system of the patients and increase the risk of conversion failure. The aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation between the nutritional status of tuberculosis patient in the initial of diagnosis and the success of sputum conversion after an intensive phase of treatment been performed.

This study used a retrospective cohort design using secondary data which obtained from Kartu Pasien TB.01 in UPT Puskesmas Sukmajaya, UPF Puskemas Villa Pertiwi and UPF Puskesmas Abadi Jaya n 131. In this study, 93,2 patients with low nutritional status BMI 0,05 between the nutritional status of tuberculosis patients in the initial of diagnosis and the success of sputum conversion after an intensive phase of treatment been performed RR 1.016, 95 CI, 0.932 to 1.108."

"Indonesia adalah negara ke-4 dengan jumlah kasus tuberkulosis terbanyak di dunia. Masalah tuberkulosis menjadi lebih berat karena keterkaitannya dengan diabetes melitus. Laporan penelitian ini membahas mengenai faktor yang menyebabkan adanya keterkaitan antara penyakit tuberkulosis dan diabetes mellitus di Jakarta. Faktor yang menjadi fokus utama dalam penelitian ini adalah status gizi, dengan menggunakan perhitungan indeks massa tubuh (IMT). Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan desain deskriptif analitik cross-sectional. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan di antara 236 responden ditemukan laki-laki lebih mendominasi, karakteristik usia responden yang paling dominan adalah rentang 21-44 tahun, dan status gizi yang paling mendominasi adalah status gizi normal. Dari 236 responden ditemukan 65 kasus diabetes melitus (27,5%) yang setelah analisis menggunakan SPSS versi 20 ditemukan beda proporsi bermakna pada kejadian diabetes melitus antara pasien tuberkulosis dengan status gizi normal dan status gizi kurang dibandingkan dengan kategori status gizi lainnya. Hal ini diperkirakan karena perjalanan penyakit pasien yang pada umumnya status gizi kurang karena adanya infeksi yang menyebabkan penurunan nafsu makan dan setelah pengobatan status gizi menjadi baik. Penelitian ini menyarankan agar dilakukan penelitian kembali untuk membahas keterkaitan antara kedua penyakit dengan lebih dalam dan dilakukan pemeriksaan rutin baik pada pasien tuberkulosis atau diabetes melitus karena keterkaitan yang ada.

---

Indonesia is the fourth country with highest tuberculosis cases among other countries all over the world. This problem become more serious because of strong relationship between tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus. The focus of this study is to look for the factor which can make the relationship happen. The main factor focused in this research was nutritional status using body mass index calculation. This qualitative research used analytical descriptive cross-sectional design. Among 236 tuberculosis patients, it was found that male was dominant, age of 21-44 was leading, and normal nutritional status was dominant. Result of this research showed that 65 (27.5%) of 236 tuberculosis patients were also diagnosed as a diabetes mellitus patients. After the data was analyzed using SPSS 20th version, the result showed a significant proportion difference in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among tuberculosis patients with normal nutritional status and lower nutritional status as compared to other categories of nutritional status. This result might be caused of course of the disease. The researcher suggests the next research about this problem to be explored deeper and also the screening of patients either the patient?s diagnosed as a tuberculosis or diabetes mellitus patient should be done because of strong relationship between these diseases."

"Penyakit paru obstruksi kronis PPOK merupakan penyebab kematian ketiga di dunia dengan prevalensi 5,6 di Indonesia. Penderita PPOK berisiko mengalami eksaserbasi yang dicetuskan oleh inflamasi dan/atau stres oksidatif. Stres oksidatif akan mempengaruhi status antioksidan di dalam tubuh termasuk vitamin E. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui korelasi antara kadar vitamin E serum dan kekerapan eksaserbasi pada penderita PPOK. Penelitian potong lintang ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Persahabatan pada bulan April-Agustus 2016, melibatkan 47 penderita PPOK. Asupan vitamin E dinilai dengan food frequency questionnaire FFQ semikuantitatif, kekerapan eksaserbasi didapatkan dari wawancara dan/atau rekam medis, kadar vitamin E serum ditentukan mengunakan high performance liquid chromatography HPLC . Rerata asupan vitamin E subjek adalah 5,8 2,9 mg/hari, di bawah Angka Kecukupan Gizi. Nilai median kadar vitamin E serum 10,8 3,0 ? 14,8 ?mol/L, dan kekerapan eksaserbasi 2 0 ? 9 kali/tahun. Tidak didapatkan korelasi bermakna antara kadar vitamin E serum dan kekerapan eksaserbasi.

---

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD is the third leading cause of death in the world with a prevalence of 5.6 in Indonesia. COPD patients were at risk of exacerbations which may be triggered by inflammation and or oxidative stress. Oxidative stress will affect the antioxidant status, including vitamin E. The aim of this study was to investigate a correlation between serum vitamin E concentration and exacerbation frequency of COPD. This cross sectional study was conducted at Persahabatan General Hospital from April to August 2016, involving 47 COPD patients. Vitamin E intake was assessed using semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire FFQ , exacerbation frequency was obtained by interview and or medical records, serum vitamin E concentration was determined using high performance liquid chromatography HPLC . Subjects rsquo mean vitamin E intake was 5.8 2.9 mg day, which did not meet Recommended Dietary Allowance. Median serum vitamin E concentration was 10.8 3.0 14.8 mol L, and exacerbation frequency was 2 0 9 times year. There was no significant correlation between serum vitamin E concentration and exacerbation frequency. "

"Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik anak (jenis kelamin dan berat badan lahir), status gizi orangtua, pekerjaan ibu, asupan zat gizi makro (asupan energi total, karbohidrat, lemak dan protein), frekuensi makan dalam sehari serta durasi menonton TV dan bermain games dengan status gizi (kegemukan) pada anak di TK Islam Al-Azhar 03 Cirebon. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional. Uji statistik yang digunakan yaitu Chi Square. Besar sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 134 anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 32,1% anak mengalami kegemukan. Variabel yang memiliki hubungan bermakna yaitu status gizi ibu, pekerjaan ibu, asupan energi, asupan karbohidrat, asupan lemak, durasi menonton TV dan bermain games. Peneliti menyarankan agar orangtua menerapkan pola makan yang teratur dengan porsi cukup disertai gizi yang seimbang kepada anak serta melakukan aktivitas fisik secara rutin.

---

The aim of this study was to understand the relations between child's characteristics (sex and birthweight), nutritional status of parents, mothers?s occupation, macronutrients intake (total energy, carbohydrates, fat and protein), frequency of eating in a day, duration of watching television and duration of playing games with nutritional status (overweight/obese) among children at Al-Azhar 03 Islamic Kindergarten Cirebon 2012. Cross Sectional design was used in this study. Statistic test Chi Square was also used in this study. Total samples of this study were 134 children.

Results showed that 32,1% children were overweight/obese. Variables that significantly related were mother?s nutritional status, mother's occupation, total energy intake, carbohydrates intake, fat intake, duration of watching television and playing games. Author suggests that parents have to regulate child?s food pattern with sufficient portions and balance nutrition and also do physical activity regularly."

"The study was carried out among 40 low-income households in East Jakarta. It generally aimed at examining the contribution of intra-household food distribution practices to the differences in nutritional status of individual members within and between urban poor households with underfive year old children. Two groups represented the study households. One group with malnourished (<-2 Z-scores for weight for age indicator) 18-60 months old children and the other group with well-nourished (>:-2 Z-scores) of the same age. A three day household and individual food intake were collected through the use of a combined food weighing and 24-hour food recall method. Results revealed that.malnourished underfive year old children were given less adequate diets in terms of nutrient requirement while parents? diet were sufficiently adequate. In contrast, the well-nourished children were adequately fed while their parents got less. The children's intake were found to have a marginal relationship with their nutritional status while significant associations were seen with parent's energy intake and household's total income. On the whole, findings indicated inequality in the food distribution patterns among urban poor households and these patterns somehow influences the nutritional status of household members particularly the pre-school age children"

"ABSTRACTLatar Belakang: Perbaikan status nutrisi merupakan salah satu indikator penting dalam menilai keberhasilan pengobatan tuberkulosis. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara jenis tuberkulosis dan penyakit komorbid dengan perbaikan status nutrisi pasien tuberkulosis anak setelah dua bulan pengobatan. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan di RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta pada Januari-Oktober 2018 dengan melihat data rekam medis dari 207 pasien anak yang terdiagnosis tuberkulosis selama periode 2012-2018. Hasil: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara jenis tuberkulosis dengan status nutrisi setelah dua bulan pengobatan fase intensif (nilai p = 0,014; IK95% = 0,422-0,914) dengan kesan bahwa pasien TB ekstraparu mengalami peningkatan status nutrisi lebih baik dibanding pasien TB paru. Selain itu, juga didapat hubungan bermakna antara keberadaan penyakit komorbid dengan status nutrisi pasien (nilai p = 0,020; IK95% = 1,063-2,382), pasien tanpa penyakit komorbid mengalami peningkatan status nutrisi lebih baik dibanding pasien TB dengan penyakit komorbid setelah pengobatan fase intensif. Kesimpulan: Jenis TB dan penyakit komorbid berhubungan dengan kondisi status nutrisi pasien selama dua bulan fase intensif pengobatan tuberkulosis. Tatalaksana komprehensif mencakup manajemen terhadap tuberkulosis dan penyakit komorbid, serta suplementasi nutrisi perlu diperhatikan selama fase awal pengobatan pasien tuberkulosis anak.

---

ABSTRACTBackground: Nutritional status improvement constitutes one of an indicator to assess anti tuberculosis treatments success. Objective: This research aims to determine whether the diagnosis of tuberculosis (pulmonary or extrapulmonary) and comorbidities are associated with childrens nutritional status during the first 2-month of tuberculosis treatment. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta in January to October 2018 by reviewing 207 medical records of children diagnosed with tuberculosis from 2012-2018 period of time. Results: Type of TB is associated with nutritional status of children after 2-month intensive phase treatment (p value = 0.014; CI95% = 0.422 to 0.914), children with extrapulmonary TB show better improvement in nutritional status rather than children with pulmonary TB. Comorbidities are associated with nutritional status (p value = 0.020; CI95% = 1.063 to 2.382), tuberculosis children without comorbidities experience better nutritional status improvement rather than those with comorbidities after anti tuberculosis intensive phase treatment. Discussion: Type of TB and comorbidities are significantly associated with nutritional status of tuberculosis children during 2-month intensive phase of anti tuberculosis treatment. Comprehensive treatment including management for tuberculosis and those with comorbidities, along with nutritional supplementation are necessarily maintained during the early phase of treatment in children with tuberculosis."