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ABSTRAKUndang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 Tentang Perkawinan membedakan
harta benda perkawinan berupa harta bersama yang diperoleh selama perkawinan
dan harta bawaan yang diperoleh masing-masing suami isteri serta berada di
bawah penguasaan masing-masing sepanjang para pihak tidak menentukan lain.
Pada saat atau sebelum perkawinan para pihak dapat membuat perjanjian
perkawinan yang memisahkan harta kekayaan mereka sehingga masing-masing
mengurus sediri harta baik yang dibawa ke dalam perkawinan maupun yang
diperoleh sepanjang perkawinan. Lain halnya jika terdapat penetapan pengadilan
yang menetapkan salah satu pihak baik suami maupun isteri berada dalam
pengampuan dan tidak dapat mengurus hartanya, sedangkan sidang perceraian
sedang berlangsung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yang bersifat
yuridis normatif, dimana penelitian mengacu pada norma-norma hukum yang
tertuang dalam peraturan perundang-undangan yang berkaitan dengan pengaturan
harta perkawinan dan perjanjian perkawinan. Data yang dipergunakan adalah data
sekunder berupa bahan kepustakaan. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah dalam
Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 Tentang Perkawinan belum mengatur
secara lengkap mengenai harta bersama dan perjanjian perkawinan. Jika melihat
tanggung jawab suami sebagai kepala keluarga yang baik maka pengurusan suami
terhadap harta benda istri dapat dibenarkan selama perkawinan tersebut belum
berakhir. Suami dapat melakukan pengurusan terhadap harta isteri namun apabila
setelah pengampuan tersebut berakhir maka suami harus bertanggung jawab
terhadap pengurusan tersebut kepada Balai Harta Peninggalan selaku pengampu
pengawas. Pengurusan harta tersebut dilakukan semata-mata untuk kepentingan
isteri. Apabila terdapat kerugian akibat kelalaian suami maka suami wajib
mengganti kerugian tersebut.
ABSTRACTLaw Number 1 of 1974 on Marriage defines two types of marital properties: joint
property, which is acquired during marriage, and separate property, which is
acquired by each husband and wife and is under each party’s power, providing
that it is never stated otherwise. On the occasion of or prior to marriage, both
parties may produce a prenuptial agreement which separates their properties, so
that they may administer their own properties which were acquired by each party
both before or during the marriage. Nevertheless, similar arrangement does not
apply when a court’s decision has ruled that one of the parties (either the husband
or the wife) is put under the guardianship of her/his spouse and deemed incapable
of administering her/his own property, nevertheless, those parties eventually
applied for a divorce. This study applies a juridical-normative research approach
in which references are made to legal norms stipulated in laws on the management
of marital properties and prenuptial agreement. This study utilizes secondary data
in the form of literature resources. It concludes that Law Number 1 of 1974 on
Marriage does not provide comprehensive regulation on joint property and
prenuptial agreement. Based on the assumption that a husband should be a
responsible head of his family, which appointed a husband as the guardian of his
wife’s property, is justifiable provided that the marriage has not been terminated.
During marriage, a husband can administer his wife’s property; however, when
the marriage is terminated, he has to be deemed responsible for anything related to
the said property during his guardianship to Balai Harta Peninggalan as a
supervisor guardians. He must administer the property only for the benefit of his
wife. Should there be any damage or loss due to his negligence, he is required to
perform indemnification."
