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"The science that deals with the transformation of electrical energy into acoustic energy or vice versa, electroacoustics, generates an increased intensity and loudness of sound by mechanical and/or electrical means. It should be designed simultaneously with the consideration of room acoustics. A vertical building is usually designed separately from the architectural aspect and other technical considerations. An interior mezzanine has unique sound propagating characteristics because its balconies could be an element of the room acoustic reflectors and absorbers, shelters from noise and barriers to sound propagation. For optimum music and speech activities, a hybrid active design strategy using electroacoustics combined with a passive method is used. This research optimizes the room acoustic criteria of different building models as building systems integrated with loudspeakers. Ecotect Analysis and additional audio programming determine the overall process by simulating all potential variables. The results show that 5 m is the recommended minimum distance of column-loudspeaker placement for mezzanine floors. With the same loudspeaker power and frequency specifications, the vertical structure, as the armature of electroacoustic orientation, and the interior materials are the most critical variables in determining reverberation time optimization."

"Pembangkit listrik virtual merupakan pengembangan sistem transaksi energi listrik secara terdesentralisasi. Penelitian ini membahas perancangan dan implementasi sistem transaksi energi listrik dengan pemodelan konsep pembangkit listrik virtual yang diterapkan menggunakan smart contract berbasis blockchain Ethereum. Sistem transaksi energi terdiri dari smart contract, decentralized application berbasis website dan kWh meter. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa sistem transaksi berhasil berjalan dengan skenario produksi memenuhi konsumsi, produksi tidak memenuhi konsumsi tetapi sistem tidak presisi dengan skenario produksi melebihi konsumsi. Nilai posisi transaksi dipengaruhi harga Gas dan data transaksi. Besar biaya Ether untuk transaksi dipengaruhi harga Gas dan data transaksi. Waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk melakukan pemanggilan data blockchain dipengaruhi jumlah data pada tipe data integer dan string.

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Virtual power plant is a decentralized development of electrical energy transaction systems. This study discusses the design and implementation of electrical energy transaction systems by modeling the concept of virtual power plants that are implemented using Ethereum blockchain-based smart contracts. The energy transaction system consists of a smart contract, decentralized application websitebased and kWh meter. The results showed that the transaction system was successful with the production scenario meeting consumption, production did not meet consumption, but the system was not precise with the production scenario exceeding consumption. Transaction position value is influenced by Gas price and transaction data. The Ether fee for the transaction is influenced by Gas prices and transaction data. The time needed to call blockchain data is influenced by the amount of data in the integer and string data types."

"ABSTRAK

Efisiensi yang tinggi merupakan persyaratan yang vital dalam merancang

sebuah pembangkit. Salah satu alternatif yang memenuhi persyaratan tersebut

adalah DFIG . Namun DFIG tersebut perlu dikendalikan agar bisa bekerja sesuai

dengan aplikasinya.

Skripsi ini membahas metoda pengendalian tegangan dan frekuensi

keluaran daripada DFIG . Metoda pengendalian yang digunakan merupakan

pengendalian skalar. Dimana frekuensi dan tegangan keluaran dikendalikan secara

terpisah dan keluaran sinyal kendalinya akan menyesuaikan dengan putaran turbin

generator dan setpoin yang diinginkan.

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ABSTRACT

High efficiency is the most vital aspect to design a power distribution

system . One of the alternative to meets the requirement is DFIG. But, we need to

control the DFIG to meet the desired output.

This paper introduce a method to control the voltage and frequency output

of the DFIG . The method is called scalar control. Where the voltage and

frequency are controlled separately . The control signal will adapt to the turbine

speed from the generator and desired setpoint."

"In this book the authors first provide a comprehensive survey on the available studies on control, management, and optimization strategies in AC and DC microgrids. The authors then provide the design of a laboratory-scale microgrid system. Finally, a real-world implementation of the deigned framework is provided. This book paves the way for researchers working on the smart microgrids spread over the fields of electrical engineering, power systems, and smart infrastructures. Furthermore, it provides the readers with a comprehensive insight to understand an in-depth big picture of smart microgrids as well as an all-inclusive framework for laboratory-scale implementation of a microgrid. It is suitable for senior undergraduate students, graduate students who are interested in research in areas related to future smart grids and microgrids, and the researchers working in the related areas. This book also can be used as a reference book for researchers who want to develop laboratories on smart microgrids for future research."

"Motor induksi adalah jenis motor yang paling banyak digunakan baik di industry maupun untuk dipergunakan pada rumah tangga. Salah satu jenis motor induksi adalah motor induksi satu fasa. Jenis motor induksi satu fasa sangat banyak jenisnya salah satunya adalah motor induksi satu fasa jenis fluks radial. Pada simulasi optimasi ketebalan magnet pada rotor magnet permanen fluks radial, diperlukan perancangan dengan menggunakan program bantu komputer, untuk mengetahui bahwa ketebalan magnet mempengaruhi distribusi kerapatan fluks.

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Induction motor is a type motor is the most widely used both in industry and for uset at home. One type of induction motor is single phase induction motors. There are many type of single phase induction motor, one of them is the type of single phase induction motor rotor cage type. On the simulation optimization of magnetic thickness permanent magnet rotor radial flux, required design using computer aids program, to know that the thickness of the magnetic flux density affects the distribution."

"Studi desain Optimasi Ketebalan Yoke dan Jarak Antar Kutub Magnet Permanen Pada Rotor Aksial ini, menitikberatkan analisis optimasi pada ketebalan yoke dan jarak antar magnet permanen sebagai parameter desain rotor. Analisis desain dilakukan pada simulasi berbantuan perangkat lunak FEMM 4.2. (gratis). Desain rotor yang disimulasikan adalah rotor model cakram dengan kutub permanen berbentuk lingkaran. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa titik optimum adalah pada ketebalan yoke 1.5mm dan jarak antar magnet 1mm, dimana kerapatan fluks magnet yang dihasilkan sebesar 0.5407 T dan rugi inti sebesar 749.582378 watt.

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This Disc Type Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Syncrhonous Generator Design Study, focused on optimazation analysis of yoke?s thickness and distance between permanent magnet as rotor design parameter. Analisys of design by simulation based on FEMM 4.2 Software (freeware). Rotor design that simulated is disc type rotor with circle permanent magnet.

The result of simulation show that optimum point is on yoke's thickness 1.5mm and distance between permanent magnet 1mm, where flux density is 0.5405 T and core loss is 749.582378 watt."

"Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah munculnya beberapa isu global terkait dengan kendaraan bermotor. Isu tersebut antara lain isu keselamatan, isu lingkungan hidup, dan isu konservasi energi. Isu keselamatan lebih menyoroti pada angka tabrakan dan fatalitas yang cukup tinggi. Sehingga perlu dicari jalan untuk menurunkan angka tersebut. Sementara itu, isu lingkungan hidup dan isu konservasi energi lebih menyoroti pencarian energi baru, terbarukan yang pada akhirnya mengerucut pada energi listrik. Di sisi lain, perhatian Pemerintah Republik Indonesia (RI) ditujukan pada penggunaan angkutan Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) di wilayah perkotaan. Berdasarkan isu global dan perhatian Pemerintah maka dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan mengembangkan penyerap energi tumbukan (PET) dan optimasi pemicu rusak untuk meningkatkan keselamatan tabrakan pada bus listrik. Metode penelitian pengembangan ini adalah analisis eksperimen menggunakan uji jatuh, analisis teori menggunakan mekanisme lipat dasar, serta analisis numerik menggunakan metode elemen hingga dan aplikasi Pam Crash sebagai alat bantu. Sementara itu, untuk optimasi menggunakan Response Surface Method (RSM). Eksperimen uji jatuh menggunakan menara tinggi 6 m dengan tinggi jatuh 1,5 m dan beban jatuh 80 kg (1.175 J). Alat ukur berupa load cell berkapsitas 88,9 kN dan kamera berkecepatan tinggi 960 fps. Hasil penelitian ini terkait, posisi pemicu rusak pada komponen PET (k-PET) yang memiliki gaya puncak yang rendah dan penyerapan energi yang tinggi terletak paling dekat dari arah datang gaya tumbukan yaitu 10 mm pada baja selongsong bujur sangkar dengan tebal dinding 0,6 mm serta desain struktur PET (s-PET) pada bus listrik dengan konfigurasi 2 (dua) k-PET pada cross member paling depan di mana nilai gaya puncak 4.900,53 kN mengurangi 11,4% dari 5.529,86 kN dan penyerapan energi 1.193.328 J. Desain s-PET memiliki kemampuan menyerap energi 48.497 J hanya 4% dari 1,26 MJ dan memenuhi standar UN ECE R29 di mana harus memiliki kemampuan menyerap energi ≥ 44.100 J.

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The background of this research is the arising of several global issues related to motor vehicles. These issues were including safety issues, environmental issues, and energy conservation issues. Safety issues more highlight on the high number of accidents and fatalities. We need to find a way to reduce those number. Meanwhile, environmental issues and energy conservation issues further highlight the search for new or renewable energy which ultimately converges on electrical energy. On the other hand, the attention of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia (RI) was aimed at the use of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) in urban areas. Based on global issues and the attention of the Government, the research was conducted with the aim of impact energy absorbers (IEA) developing and crush initiators optimization to improve the crashworthiness on electric buses.

The method for research development are the experimental analysis using drop test, theoretical analysis using basic folding mechanism, and numerical analysis using finite element method and also Pam Crash software as a tools. Meanwhile, for optimization using Response Surface Method (RSM). The drop test using a tower with 3 m high, effective drop height of 1,5 m and drop load of 80 kg or 1.175 J. The measuring instrument is an 88.9 kN load cell and a 960 fps high speed camera.

The results of this study related the position of the crush initiators in component of IEA (c-IEA) which had a low peak force and high energy absorption located close to the initial of the impact force which was 10 mm on a steel square tube with 0.6 mm wall thickness and structure of IEA (s-IEA) on an electric bus with a configuration of 2 (two) c-IEA on the front cross member where the value of the peak force is 4.900,53 kN reducing 11,4% from 5.529,86 kN and energy absorption is 1.193.328 J. The s-IEA had the ability to absorb 48.497 J only 4% of 1,26 MJ and comply to the UN ECE R29 where it had the ability to absorb the energy ≥ 44.100 J."

"Rotor magnet permanen adalah rotor dari mesin listrik, dalam hal ini mesin sinkron tanpa penguat eksternal karena penguatnya berasal dari magnet permanen itu sendiri. Pada Simulasi Optimasi Jarak Antar Rotor pada Generator Sinkron Magnet Permanen ini, pengaruh jarak antar kutub magnet permanen sangat berpengaruh terhadap distribusi fluks magnetnya sendiri. Selain berpengaruh terhadap distribusi fluks, jarak antar kutub magnet permanen juga berpengaruh secara tidak langsung terhadap dimensi rotor dan dimensi mesin sinkron secara keseluruhan.

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Rotor permanent magnet is the rotor from electric machine, in term of synchronous machine without external exciter because the exciter come from it permanent magnet self.

In Simualtion Optimization of Distance Between Rotor of Permanen Magnet Synchronous Generator, impact of distance between permanent magnet polarity was highly correlated to magnet flux distribution itself. In addition, distance between permanent magnet polarity also influencing indirectly into rotor dimension and dimension of sychronized machine thoroughly."