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"Latar Belakang : Berdasarkan onset gejala, efek jangka panjang dari pascaCOVID-19 disebut long COVID. Long COVID berlangsung dari pekan keempat sampai lebih dari dua belas pekan paascaonset gejala. Selain gejala sisa COVID-19, hal yang harus dievaluasi adalah gambaran lesi paru sebagai sekuele pascaCOVID-19. Sekuele paru pascaCOVID-19 dievaluasi dengan high resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Sekuele paru pascaCOVID-19 yang dapat timbul adalah ground glass opacity dan gambaran fibrosis. Selain derajat berat COVID-19, banyak faktor yang memengaruhi terjadinya sekuele paru pascaCOVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar kekerapan terjadinya sekuele paru pascaCOVID-19 dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan kohort yang dilakukan bulan Juni 2020 hingga Juli 2021. Subjek penelitian adalah pasien pascaCOVID-19 yang melakukan HRCT toraks pada pekan keempat hingga keduabelas dari onset gejala dengan hasil PCR usap tenggorok minimal satu kali negatif. Subjek penelitian dipilih sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pengambilan data melalui data sekunder berupa data rekam medis dan hasil HRCT pasien yang kontrol di poli pascaCOVID RSUP Persabahatan. Hasil: Pada penelitian ini didapatkan total 81 subjek dengan pasien yang memiliki sekuele pascaCOVID-19 ada sebanyak 64 pasien dan yang tidak mengalami sekuele sebanyak 17 orang. Kelompok pasien yang mengalami sekuele paru pascaCOVID-19 paling banyak ada pada kelompok 40-59 tahun sebanyak 34 dari 41 pasien. Pada penelitian ini pasien laki-laki memiliki hubungan dengan terjadinya sekuele pascaCOVID-19 (p=0,002). Komorbid paling banyak dijumpai pada penelitian ini adalah hipertensi (54,3) dan DM tipe II (23,4%). Derajat COVID-19 berat kritis berhubungan terhadap terjadinya sekuele paru pascaCOVID-19 (nilai p 0,003). Kejadian ARDS juga memiliki hubungan dengan terjadinya sekuele paru pascaCOVID-19 (p=0,007). Pemakaian oksigen (O2) meliputi fraksi (p= 0,005) dan durasi (p= 0,006) juga memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan terjadinya sekuele paru pascaCOVID-19. Hasil analisis multivariat mendapatkan jenis kelamin dan derajat berat merupakan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi sekuele paru pasca-COVID-19.

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Background: The long-term effects of post-COVID-19 are known as long COVID based on the onset of symptoms. Long COVID lasts from the fourth week to more than twelve weeks after the onset of symptoms. In addition to the sequelae of COVID-19, what must be evaluated is the appearance of lung lesions as a sequelae after COVID-19. Post-COVID19 pulmonay sequelae was evaluated by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) as ground glass opacity and fibrosis. Beside COVID-19 severity, a variety of other factors have a role in the development of post-COVID-19 pulmonary sequelae. The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency of post-COVID-19 pulmonary sequelae and their influencing factors.

Methods: This study was an analytic observational study with a cohort approach that was conducted from June 2020 to July 2021. The subjects were post-COVID-19 patients who underwent thoracic HRCT in the fourth to twelfth week of symptom onset with a negative throat swab PCR result at least once. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to determine which subjects will be included in the study. Data collection through secondary data form medical record and HRCT results of patients controlled at the post-COVID polyclinic at Persahabatan Hospital.

Results: In this study, there were 64 patients who had post-COVID-19 sequelae and 17 patients who did not. There was a total of 81 subjects. The group of patients who experienced post-COVID-19 pulmonary sequelae was mostly in the 40-59 years group with 34 out of 41 patients. In this study, male patients had an association with post-COVID-19 sequelae (p=0.002). The most common comorbidities found in this study were hypertension (54.3) and type II DM (23.4%). The degree of critically severe COVID-19 is related to the occurrence of post-COVID-19 pulmonary sequelae (p 0.003). The incidence of ARDS also has a relationship with the occurrence of post-COVID-19 pulmonary sequelae (p=0.007). Oxygen consumption including fraction of inspired oxygen (p= 0.005) and duration (p= 0.006) also has a significant relationship with the occurrence of post-COVID-19 pulmonary sequelae. The results of the multivariate analysis found that gender and severity were factors that influenced post-COVID-19 pulmonary sequelae."

"Latar BelakangCOVID-19 adalah sebuah infeksi virus yang memiliki angka mortalitas yang sangat tinggi dalam periode waktu yang sangat sempit. Infeksi COVID-19 akan menyebabkan inflamasi di jaringan paru tubuh yang dapat diukur dengan serum D-dimer. Keparahan gejala dari infeksi COVID-19 dapat dilihat dalam gejala klinis dan keterlibatan segmen paru pada gambaran CT-Scan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara level D-dimer dengan keparahan klinis pasien COVID-19 serta dengan keterlibatan lobus paru pada gambaran CT-Scan pasien COVID-19MetodePenelitian ini menggunakan metode potong lintang retrospektif dengan uji korelasi gamma untuk melihat hubungan antara level d-dimer dengan keparahan klinis dan keparahan gambaran CT-Scan pada pasien COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari penelitian “Implementasi Pencitraan Diagnostik Foto Toraks dan CT- Scan Toraks Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Menggunakan Artificial Intelligence” oleh Kamelia T, dkk. di tiga rumah sakit (Rumah Sakit Bunda Menteng, Rumah Sakit Bunda Depok, dan Rumah Sakit dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo) dalam periode 2020-2024, dimana terdapat 50 subjek yang melakukan pemeriksaan laboratorium (D- dimer) dan pemeriksaan CT-Scan.HasilDidapatkan 50 subjek dimana terdapat 25 (50%) subjek yang mengalami peningkatan level D-dimer dan 25 (50%) subjek dengan level D-dimer normal. Uji korelasi antara level D-dimer dengan keparahan klinis memiliki nilai P <0,001 dengan koefiesien korelasi sebesar 0,806. Uji korelasi antara level D-dimer dengan keparahan CT-Scan memiliki nilai P 0,012 dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,528. Koefisien korelasi yang dianggap bermakna pada penelitian ini adalah 0,4.KesimpulanLevel D-dimer memiliki korelasi sangat kuat dengan keparahan klinis serta korelasi sedang dengan keparahan CT-Scan, sehingga dapat menjadi biomarker potensial untuk menentukan tingkat keparahan gejala klinis pasien dan keparahan gambaran CT-Scan thoraks pasien COVID-19.

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Introduction

COVID-19 is a viral infection associated with a high mortality rate within a relatively short period. The infection triggers inflammation in lung tissues, which can be measured using serum D-dimer levels. The severity of COVID-19 symptoms can be assessed through clinical manifestations and the extent of pulmonary segment involvement observed on CT-Scan imaging. This study aims to determine the correlation between D- dimer levels and the clinical severity of COVID-19, as well as the involvement of pulmonary lobes on CT-Scan images of COVID-19 patients.

Method

This study employed a retrospective cross-sectional method with a gamma correlation test to examine the relationship between D-dimer levels, clinical severity, and CT-Scan severity in COVID-19 patients. This study utilized secondary data from the research “Implementation of Diagnostic Imaging of Chest X-rays and CT-Scans for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Using Artificial Intelligence” by Kamelia T, et al., conducted at three hospitals (Bunda Menteng Hospital, Bunda Depok Hospital, and Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital) from 2020 to 2024, involving 50 subjects who underwent laboratory (D-dimer) and CT-Scan examinations.

Results

A total of 50 subjects were included, with 25 (50%) showing elevated D-dimer levels and 25 (50%) with normal D-dimer levels. The correlation test between D-dimer levels and clinical severity showed a p-value <0.001 with a correlation coefficient of 0.806. The correlation test between D-dimer levels and CT-Scan severity yielded a p-value of 0.012 with a correlation coefficient of 0.528. A correlation coefficient of 0.4 or higher was considered significant in this study.

Conclusion

D-dimer levels can serve as a potential biomarker for determining the severity of clinical symptoms and the severity of thoracic CT-Scan findings in COVID-19 patients."

"ABSTRAKLatar belakang dan tujuan: Uveitis granulomatosa merupakan suatu keadaan inflamasi ocular yang tersering disebabkan oleh kuman Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Penegakkan diagnosis sulit dilakukan karena isolasi mikroorganisme langsung dari mata sulit dilakukan. Tidak terdiagnosisnya atau keterlambatan diagnosis dapat berakibat penurunan tajam penglihatan yang signifikan sampai mengakibatkan kebutaan. Foto toraks dan HRCT toraks merupakan pemeriksaan radiologi yang dapat dilakukan untuk menegakkan diagnosis guna tata laksana yang tepat. Metode: Uji diagnostik dengan desain potong lintang menggunakan radiografi konvensional toraks dan HRCT toraks berdasarkan database populasi Indonesia, terhadap 28 subjek penelitian, menggunakan data primer dalam kurun waktu Januari 2015 sampai Juli 2015. Hasil: Didapatkan nilai sensitivitas 62,5 , spesifisitas 100 , PPV 100 , dan NPV 64,7 . Uji McNemar didapatkan nilai p 0,075 dan nilai Kappa r 0,41 antara temuan lesi pada foto toraks dan HRCT toraks. Kesimpulan: Foto toraks positif berperan dalam memprediksi kemungkinan adanya kelainan paru pada pasien uveitis, tetapi hasil foto toraks itu sendiri kurang memiliki peran dalam memprediksi tidak adanya kelainan paru pada pasien uveitis

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ABSTRACTBackgrounds and Objectives Granulomatous uveitis is ocular inflammatory condition that mostly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Certain diagnosis becomes tough due to convoluted direct isolation of the microorganism from the eyes. Delayed treatment or under diagnose may cause significant reduction of eyesight that leads to blindness. Chest x ray and HRCT are two radiological inquirements that can be done in empowering the diagnosis and giving proper treatment. Methods A cross sectional diagnostic study between chest x ray and HRCT based on population database in Indonesia, conducted in 28 subjects in the period of January 2015 to July 2015. Results Sensitivity index 62,5 , specificity 100 , PPV 100 , and NPV 64,7 . McNemar study shows p 0.075 and Kappa value r 0.41 between the lesions found by chest x ray and HRCT. Conclusions Positive chest x ray has a major role in predicting the possibility of lung abnormalities in patients with uveitis. On the other side, chest x ray has less power in excluding the lung abnormalities in patients with uveitis."

"Penyakit asma telah dikenal secara luas namum belum pernah dijelaskan secara mendetil. Tomografi komputer resolusi tinggi (HRCT) dapat mendeteksi struktur tidak normal pada penderita asma. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik lesi asma dan hubungannya dengan data klinis pada hasil Tes kontrol asma (ACT). Penelitian dilakukan secara prospektif dengan metode potong lintang terhadap penderita asma yang berobat ke poli asma RSUP Persahabatan Jakarta selama bulan Januari ? Februari 2014, mereka kemudia di rujuk untuk menjalani pemeriksaan HRCT setelah pemeriksaan awal dan mengisi ACT. Dari 34 kasus, 33 (97%) mengalami penyempitan lumen bronkial, 21 (61,7%) mengalami penebalan dinding bronkial, 15 (44,1%) mengalami gambaran mosaik, 5(5,8%) mengalami bronkiektasis dan seluruhnya (100%) mengalami emfisema. Hasil ACT yang didapat adalah pasien terkontrol sebagian (35,2%) dan tidak terkontrol (64,7%). Ketika dihubungkan dengan hasil ACT, maka penyempitan lumen bronkial (p=0,970), penebalan dinding bronkus (p=0,488), gambaran mosaik (p=0,882), bronkiektasis (p=0,137) dan emfisema tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan. Lesi lainnya yang ditemukan dan berkaitan dengan ACT adalah tuberkulosis (11,8%; p=0,273), granuloma (2,9%; p=1,000), aspergiloma bronkopulmonari alergik (5,9%; p=0,529) dan bronkitis (5,9%; p=1,000). Gambaran lesi karakteristik penderita asma bronkial pada HRCT merupakan hal yang penting, karena dapat memperlihatkan komplikasi lain yang menyertai asma, namun karakteristik lesi tersebut tidak berkaitan dengan hasil ACT.

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The coexistence of asthma is widely recognized but has not been well described. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) can detect the structural abnormalities in asthma. This study attempts describe the characteristic lesion of asthma and to correlate these abnormalities with clinical and asthma control test (ACT) data.

We perfomed a prospective cross sectional study of 34 asthma patients who were attending outpatient Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta from January-February 2014, that were subjected to HRCT after initial evaluation and ACT.

Thirtythree subjects (97%) had narrowing of bronchial lumen, 21 (61.7%) had bronchial wall thickening, 15 (44.1%) had mosaic attenuation, 5 (5.8%) had bronchiectasis and 34 (100%) had emphysema. The ACT result were partial controlled patients (35.2%) and not controlled (64.7%). When correlated with ACT result, the narrowing of bronchial lumen (p=0.970), bronchial wall thickening (p=0.488), mosaic attenuation (p=0.882), bronchiectasis (p=0.137) and emphysema showed no significant association. Another HRCT findings that correlate with ACT were tuberculosis (11.8%; p=0.273), granuloma (2.9%; p=1.000), aspergilloma bronchopulmonary allergica (5.9%; p=0.529) and bronchitis (5.9%; p=1.000).

HRCT findings of characteristic lesion are important in bronchiale asthma patients, because they can describe other complication / comorbidity eventhough they were not correlate well with ACT."

"Tesis ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara derajat sesak napas dan kualitas hidup terkait kesehatan pada lanjut usia pasca COVID-19. Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang pada pasien lanjut usia pasca perawatan COVID-19 di RSUP Persahabatan. Pengambilan data dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi audio-video Whatsapp dan Zoom. Penilaian sesak napas dilakukan dengan skala sesak Borg (modified Borg dyspnea scale) dan skala sesak modified Medical Research Council (mMRC). Penilaian kualitas hidup terkait kesehatan dilakukan dengan instrumen EQ-5D-5L versi bahasa Indonesia. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan 44 subjek lanjut usia pasca COVID-19. Dari hasil penilaian skala sesak Borg didapatkan adanya sesak napas ringan pada 15,9% pasien dan sesak napas sedikit berat pada 6,8% subjek. Dari hasil penilaian skala sesak mMRC didapatkan nilai mMRC > 1 pada 20,4% subjek. Terdapat korelasi antara skala sesak Borg dengan EQ-5D-5L pada komponen kemampuan berjalan (r=0,42; p<0,01), perawatan diri (r=0,51; p<0,01), rasa cemas/depresi (r=0,52; p<0,01), dan EQ-VAS (p=-0,53; p<0,01). Terdapat korelasi antara skala sesak mMRC dengan EQ-5D-5L pada komponen kemampuan berjalan (r=0,65; p<0,01), perawatan diri (r=0,62; p<0,01), kegiatan yang biasa dilakukan (r=0,69; p<0,01), dan EQ VAS (r=-0,58; p<0,01). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah adanya hubungan korelasi positif sedang antara derajat sesak napas dengan komponen perawatan diri dan rasa cemas/depresi. Didapatkan adanya korelasi negatif sedang antara derajat sesak napas dengan nilai EQ VAS.

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This study aims to determine the correlation between the severity of shortness of breath and health-related quality of life in the elderly after COVID-19. This is a cross-sectional study on elderly patients after COVID-19 inpatient treatment at Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta. Data collection was carried out using the Whatsapp and Zoom audio-video application. Dyspnea severity was assessed using the modified Borg dyspnea scale and the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale. Health-related quality of life assessment was carried out with the Indonesian version of the EQ-5D-5L instrument. A total of 44 elderly subjects post COVID-19 were included in this study. From the results of the modified Borg dyspnea scale assessment, it was found that there was mild dyspnea in 15.9% of subjects and somewhat severe dyspnea in 6.8% of subjects. From the results of the mMRC dyspnea scale assessment, the mMRC value more than 1 is found in 20.4% of the subjects. There was a correlation between the modified Borg dyspnea scale and EQ-5D-5L on the components of mobility (r=0.42; p<0.01), self-care (r=0.51; p<0.01), anxiety/depression (r=0.52; p<0.01), and EQ-VAS (p=-0.53; p<0.01). There is a correlation between the mMRC shortness scale and EQ-5D-5L on the components of mobility (r=0.65; p<0.01), self-care (r=0.62; p<0.01), usual activities (r=0.69; p<0.01), and EQ VAS (r=-0.58; p<0.01). There is a moderate positive correlation between the severity of dyspnea with components of self-care and anxiety/depression. There was a moderate negative correlation between the degree of dyspnea and the EQ VAS value."

"Latar Belakang: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan infeksi oleh severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) yang menjadi perhatian internasional pada Januari 2020. Manifestasi kasus ringan terjadi sekitar 81%, kasus berat sebanyak 14%. Mortalitas akibat pneumonia COVID-19 meningkat secara global akibat transmisi cepat dan gejala awal yang atipikal. Usia ≥ 60 tahun, jenis kelamin laki-laki dan komorbiditas merupakan faktor risiko untuk menjadi berat dan kematian sehingga dibutuhkan kontrol ketat pada pasien berisiko.Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian retrospektif dengan studi potong lintang. Sampel penelitian merupakan pasien yang datang ke IGD dan terkonfirmasi pneumonia COVID-19 yang masuk dalam kriteria inklusi. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 299 pasien.Hasil Penelitian: Pada penelitian ini didapatkan subjek penelitian adalah 299 dari 336 pasien yang masuk dalam kriteria inklusi. Jenis kelamin laki-laki sebanyak 162 orang (54,18%), nilai IMT obesitas I (29,77%) dan diikuti IMT normal (28,76%), paling banyak tidak memiliki komorbid dengan derajat pneumonia berat (60,2%) dan luaran pasien sebanyak 69,2% adalah hidup. Komorbid terbanyak yaitu hipertensi (30,77%), Diabetes mellitus (24%) dan kardiovaskular (14%). Usia median hidup pasien pneumonia COVID-19 di RS Persahabatan adalah 52 th (20-84) dan median usia meninggal adalah 59 th (28-92). Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara derajat klinis, HT, IMT dan DM terhadap luaran pasien pneumonia COVID-19 di RS Persahabatan.Kesimpulan: Usia median hidup pasien pneumonia COVID-19 di RS Persahabatan adalah 52 th (20-84) dan median usia meninggal adalah 59 th (28-92). Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara derajat klinis, HT, IMT dan DM terhadap luaran pasien pneumonia COVID-19 di RS Persahabatan.

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Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) which became international attention in January 2020. The manifestation of mild cases occurred about 81%, severe cases as much as 14%. Mortality of COVID-19 pneumonia increasing globally due to rapid transmission and atypical symptoms. Age of 60 years, male gender and comorbidities are risk factors for severe and death so that strict control is needed.

Methods: This study is retrospective cross-sectional study, which samples were patients who came to emergency room and confirmed of COVID-19. The samples are 299 patients who included of inclusion criteria.

Results: The sample of this study were 299 patients out of 336 patients who were include in inclusion criteria. Male (54.18%) are the most common, Obesity class I was the most common (29.77%) followed by normal BMI (28,76%) and didn’t have comorbid with severe (60.2%) and outcome are survived (69.2%). Hypertension (30,77%) is the most comorbid, followed by diabetes melitus (24%) and cardiovascular (14%). The median age of survivor is 52 (20-84) years old and median age of non survivor is 59 (28-92) years. There was relationship between severe pneumonia to respiratory rate and peripheral oxygen saturation. Gender, number of comorbidities and BMI were not related to the outcome. There is a relationship between the severity of pneumonia, obesity, diabetes and hypertension to the outcome.

Conclusion: The median age of survivor is 52 (20-84) years old and median age of non survivor is 59 (28-92) years. There was relationship between severe pneumonia to respiratory rate and peripheral oxygen saturation. Gender, number of comorbidities and BMI were not related to the outcome. There is a relationship between the severity of pneumonia, obesity, diabetes and hypertension to the outcome."

"Latar belakang: Aspergilosis paru kronik (APK) merupakan penyakit paru destruktif yang bersifat progresif terutama disebabkan infeksi Aspergillus fumigatus. Penyakit ini dapat menjadi komplikasi infeksi tuberkulosis (TB) dan menyebabkan morbiditas serta mortalitas signifikan. Diagnosis APK masih menjadi tantangan karena gejala klinis tidak khas, serta belum ada alat diagnosis yang cepat dan akurat. Deteksi IgG Aspergillus berbasis lateral flow assay (LFA) menggunakan metode imunokromatografi (ICT) merupakan uji cepat dan sederhana untuk membantu diagnosis APK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan uji ICT Aspergillus dengan karakteristik klinis dan radiologis APK pada pasien terkait TB paru.Metode: Penelitian berdesain potong lintang ini dilaksanakan pada April 2019-Juli 2023 dan merupakan bagian dari penelitian sebelumnya tentang diagnosis APK di Indonesia. Serum pasien APK diperiksa di Laboratorium Mikologi Departemen Parasitologi FKUI untuk deteksi ICT Aspergillus, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis hasil penelitian.Hasil: Sebanyak 29 dari 54 (54%) serum pasien yang diteliti menunjukkan hasil uji ICT Aspergillus positif. Proporsi jenis kelamin perempuan (63%) lebih banyak dibandingkan laki-laki, sedangkan usia terbanyak 30-60 tahun (74%). Gejala klinis terbanyak adalah fatigue (57%), batuk ≥ 3 bulan (42%), hemoptisis (41%) diikuti sesak napas (24%), dan nyeri dada (20%). Adapun penyakit penyerta terbanyak adalah diabetes melitus (20%), penyakit kardiovaskular (11%), dan PPOK (9%). Gambaran radiologi paling dominan adalah kavitas (94%), diikuti infiltrat (72%), dan penebalan pleura (55%). Analisis statistik menunjukkan kaitan bermakna antara hasil ICT Aspergillus positif dengan gambaran radiologi berupa infiltrat, fibrosis parakavitas, fibrosis, efusi pleura, konsolidasi dan bronkiektasis (p <0,005). Hasil ICT Aspergillus tidak menunjukkan kemaknaan statistik dengan karakteristik klinis.Simpulan: Deteksi IgG spesifik Aspergillus metode ICT pada 54 pasien APK pada penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil positif 54%. Pada penelitian ini hasil ICT Aspergillus menunjukkan kaitan bermakna secara statistik dengan gambaran radiologi, tetapi tidak menunjukkan kaitan bermakna dengan karakteristik klinis pasien.

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Background: Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a progressive, destructive lung disease mainly caused by Aspergillus fumigatus infection. The disease can be a complication of tuberculosis (TB) infection and cause significant morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of CPA is still challenging because the clinical symptoms are not typical, and there are no fast and accurate diagnostic tools. Detection of IgG-specific Aspergillus using the immunochromatography (ICT) method is a quick and simple test to assist CPA diagnosis. The study aimed to determine the correlation between the ICT Aspergillus test and the clinical and radiological characteristics of CPA in TB-related patients.

Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out in April 2019-July 2023 and was part of a previous study on CPA diagnosis in Indonesia. All sera of CPA patients were examined at the Clinical Parasitology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia for ICT Aspergillus detection, followed by analysis of the study results.

Result: Twenty-nine of the 54 patient sera showed positive results of ICT Aspergillus. There were more female (76%) than male patients, with the majority aged 30–60 years (74%). The most common clinical symptoms were fatigue (57%), cough ≥3 months (42%), hemoptysis (41%), shortness of breath (24%), and chest pain (20%). The most common comorbidities were diabetes mellitus (20%), cardiovascular diseases (11%), and COPD (9%). The dominant of radiological features were cavities (94%), followed by infiltrates (72%), and pleural thickening (55%). The statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between positive ICT Aspergillus results and radiological features, including infiltrates, paracavity fibrosis, fibrosis, pleural effusion, consolidation, and bronchiectasis. However, the ICT Aspergillus did not show statistical significance with clinical characteristics.

Conclusion: The ICT Aspergillus detection in this study showed positive results of 54%. There was a significant correlation between ICT Aspergillus positive result with radiology features, but no significant correlation with clinical characteristics."

"Latar belakang dan tujuan: Sekuele TB dapat berupa keluhan respirasi yang menetap, risiko infeksi saluran napas berulang dan gangguan fungsional. Berkurangnya kualitas hidup, disabilitas dan besarnya biaya yang harus dikeluarkan oleh sistem penjamin kesehatan merupakan hal lain yang terkait dengan kondisi ini. Peneliti berupaya untuk mengetahui kualitas hidup pasien bekas TB dihubungkan dengan pemeriksaan high resolutioncomputerized tomography scanning (HRCT) toraks danuji faal paru. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang terhadap pasien yang telah menyelesaikan pengobatan TB kategori 1 diinstalasi rawat jalan poliklinik paru RSUP Persahabatan/Departemen Pulmonologi dan Kedokteran RespirasiFKUI Jakartapada tanggal 1 Desember 2016 - 30 Juni 2017.Hasil: Terdapat 32 subjek yang mengikuti penelitian ini, 56,3% diantaranya laki-laki. Sebanyak 57,8% subjek mengalami gangguan kualitas hidup dengan gangguan kualitas hidup terbanyak (24,4%) pada kedua ranah (fisis dan mental). Gangguan ranah fisis yang paling banyak dirasakan adalah rasa nyeri (30,3%), fungsi sosial merupakan ranah mentah yang paling banyak mengalami gangguan (36,4%). Sekuele sedang pada HRCT toraks ditemukan pada 43,8% subjek. Rata-rata KVP 2265 ml (95% CI 2043.73-2495.26) dan rata-rata VEP1 1898 ml (95% CI 1667-2129) dengan kelainan terbanyak restriksi (68,8%). Uji Chi square mendapatkan hubungan tidak bermakna antara hasil HRCT toraks dan kualitas hidup pasien bekas TB (p=0,455). Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara hasil pemeriksaan spirometri dan kualitas hidup (p=0,470). Uji Mann Whitney menunjukkan hubungan bermakna antara VEP1/KVP dan hasil HRCTtoraks (p=0,00).Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar pasien bekas TB mengalami gangguan kualitas hidup yang secara statistik tidak berhubungan dengan luas lesi pada HRCT toraks dan pemeriksaan spirometri. Luas lesi pada HRCT toraks berhubungan dengan nilai VEP1/KVP.

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Introduction: Sequelae of tuberculosis (TB) could arise as a persistent respiratory complaint, risk of recurrent respiratory infections and functional impairment. Reduced quality of life, disability and the cost to be paid by the health insurer system are other things related to this condition. This study aims to determine the quality of life of former TB patients associated with high resolution tomography scanning (HRCT) examination with pulmonary function tests.Method: This study was a cross-sectional study with the subjects were the patients who have completed TB treatment of category 1 in the outpatient Pulmonary Clinic of Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Persahabatan Hospital Jakarta on December 1, 2016 to June 30, 2017.Result: There were 32 subjects in this study. As much as 56.3% of the subjects were men and 57.8% of subjects experienced quality of life disorder. The most quality of life disorder found in the subjects was occured in both sphere, physical and mental quality of life disorder (24.4%). The most perceived physical disturbance was pain (30.3%) and impaired social function was the most problematic crude (36.4%). A sequelae on HRCT of the thorax was found in 43.8% of subjects. Average FVC was 2265 ml (95% CI 2043.73-2495.26) and average FEV1 was 1898 ml (95% CI 1667-2129). Most of the lung function disorder was restriction disorder (68.8%). The chi square test found no significant correlation between HRCT and quality of life of TB patients (p = 0.455). There was no significant correlation between spirometry and quality of life (p=0.470). Mann Whitney test on FEV1/FVC and thorax HRCT found significant correlation (p=0.00).Conclusion: Most of the former TB patients have a quality of life disorder that is statistically unrelated to the extent of the lesions on thoracic CT-Scan and spirometry examination. The area of ​​the lesion on the HRCT of the thorax corresponds to the FEV1/FVC value."

"Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan pandemi dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi. COVID-19 dapat mencetuskan badai sitokin, suatu reaksi hiperinflamasi yang menyebabkan acute respiratory distress syndrome dan kegagalan multiorgan. Zink dipertimbangkan sebagai terapi supportif pada COVID-19 karena memiliki potensi sebagai immunomodulator, antivirus serta antiinflamasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar zink pada saat masuk perawatan dengan manifestasi derajat penyakit COVID-19 serta luaran buruk COVID-19. Derajat penyakitditentukan berdasarkan manifestasi klinis sesuai kriteria WHO saat masuk perawatan sedangkan luaran buruk bila subjek pernah dirawat di ruang intensif, menggunakan ventilator selama perawatan atau meninggal. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan total 87 kasus yang terbagi menjadi kelompok derajat tidak berat sebanyak 74 kasus dan kelompok derajat berat sebanyak 13 kasus. Berdasarkan luaran didapatkan kelompok luaran buruk sebanyak 22 kasus dan luaran baik 65 kasus. Rerata kadar zink lebih rendah padakelompok derajat berat dan kelompok luaran buruk. Ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik pada rerata kadar zink dengan luaran COVID-19 sedangkan dengan derajat penyakit cenderung bermakna secara statistik. Kadar zink terhadap luaran burukCOVID-19 memiliki luas Area Under the Curve (AUC) 81,6%, dengan nilai titik potong kadar zink 56,05 ug/dL yang memiliki sensitivitas 77,3% dan spesifitas 73,8%. Pasien dengan kadar zink ≤56,05 ug/dL berisiko 8,79 kali lebih tinggi mengalami luaran buruk COVID-19 dibandingkan pasien dengan kadar zink >56,05 ug/dL setelah diadjust dengan usia, komorbid penyakit jantung, dan diabetes mellitus. Diperlukan penelitian lanjutan dengan jumlah sampel yang cukup untuk memperkuat hasil penelitian ini.

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic with high morbidity and mortality. COVID-19 can trigger a cytokine storm, a hyperinflammatory reaction that causes acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiorgan failure. Zinc was considered as a supportive therapy for COVID-19 because it has potential as an immunomodulator, antiviral and anti-inflammatory. This study aims to analyze the association between zinc level at the time of admission on disease severity and poor outcome of COVID-19. Disease severity was determined based on clinical manifestations according to WHO criteria on admission, while poor outcome was defined as a history of intensive care unit stay, intubated during treatment or deceased. There were 87 subjects consist of 74 cases of non-severe group and 13 cases of severe group. As for the outcome, there were 22 cases of poor outcome and 65 cases of good outcome. The mean of zinc level was lower in severe and poor

outcome group. There was a significant association between zinc level and poor outcome, while disease severity tended to be statistically significant. An Area Under the Curve (AUC) of zinc level and COVID-19 poor outcome was 81,6%, with a cut point of 56,05

ug/dL, sensitivity and specificity was 77.3% and 73.8%. Patients whose zinc level ≤56.05ug/dL had a 8.79-fold higher risk of poor outcome compared to patients whose zinc level > 56.05 ug/dL after age, heart disease, and diabetes mellitus adjustment. Further studies a sufficient number of sample are needed to support this study."

"Latar Belakang: Pandemi Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) yang disebabkan oleh Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) berawal dari Wuhan, Cina sejak Desember 2019. Jakarta menjadi salah satu episentrum pandemic COVID-19 di Indonesia. Data penelitian COVID-19 di Indonesia masih sangat terbatas, sehingga diperlukan penelitian untuk mengetahui karakterisik klinis, radiologis, laboratorium dan derajat klinis. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini diambil dari 1070 pasien yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit Darurat Wisma Atlet yang menjalani skrining gejala klinis, radiologi toraks, laboratorium dan serologi SARS-CoV-2kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pemeriksaan swab RT-PCR. Hasil skrining swab RT PCR pada 1070 pasien terdapat 836pasien terkonfirmasiCOVID-19, lalu diskrining dari 836 pasien yang memiliki radiologi toraks dan laboratorium lengkap ada 413 pasien. Hasil Penelitian: Pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19 derajat ringan-sedang didominasi oleh pasien laki-laki(55,4%) dengan kelompok usia < 60 tahun (91,8%) dan rerata umur 39,94±14,17 tahun. Sebagian besar pasien tidak memiliki komorbid, tetapi komorbid paling banyak adalah hipertensi (4,1%). Derajat klinis pasien yang dirawat paling banyak kasus asimtomatik (46%), sedang (31,5%) dan ringan (22,5%). Gejala yang sering muncul adalah batuk (22,5%), demam (14,3%),sesak napas (6,5%), nyeri tenggorok (5,3%) dan pilek (4,8%). Gambaran radiologis sebagian besar pasien normal (41,9%), sesuai pneumonia (31,5%) dan corakan meningkat (26,6%). Hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium didapatkan limfopenia (10,9%), trombositopenia (1,7%) dan peningkatan NLR (18,4%). Serologi SARS-CoV-2sebagian besar pasien reaktif (48,8%). Sebagian besar pasien dirawat ≥20 hari (63,9%), masa konversi ≥14 hari (52,5%) dan luaran akhir pasien sembuh (99,3%). Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara komorbid dengan lama rawat (p= 0,03) dan lama konversi (p= 0,03), status awal masuk RS dengan lama konversi (p= 0,00) dan lama rawat (p= 0,00). Kesimpulan: Proporsi pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19 dari keseluruhan pasien yang dirawat sebesar 78,13%, sebagian besar laki-laki dan gambaran radiologis normal. Terdapat kenaikan NLR dan kebanyakan serologi SARS-CoV-2reaktif. Sebagian besar pasien yang dirawat kasus asimtomatik dan luaran akhir perawatannya sembuh.

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Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an ongoing pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) originated from Wuhan, China since December 2019. Jakarta is among of the epicenter of COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Research data on COVID-19 in Indonesia is still very limited while there is an urgent need of disease characterization from the perspective of clinical features, radiological finding, laboratory profile, and severity.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study involved 1070 patients treated at an emergency hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. Patients were screened for their clinical symptoms, radiological finding, laboratory profile, including the SARS-CoV-2 immunoserology, and then proceed with the SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR examination. The screening resulted in 836 patients were confirmed COVID-19, and 413 patients had a complete medical record to be further studied.

Results: The mild-moderate cases were dominated by males (55.4%) of age groups <60 years-old (91.8%). The mean age was 39.94±14.17 years-old. Most subjects presented without comorbidities, although hypertension was common (4.1%). Most subjects were asymptomatic (46%) followed by moderate case (31.5%), and mild case (22.5%). Symptoms were cough (22.5%), fever (14.3%), shortness of breath (6.5%), sore throat (5.3%), and runny nose (4.8%). Radiological findings were normal (41.9%), pneumonia (31.5%), and increased opacity (26.6%). Laboratory tests showed lymphopenia (10.9%), thrombocytopenia (1.7%), and increased NLR (18.4%). The SARS-CoV-2 immunoserology was mostly reactive (48.9%). Length of stay (LoS) was ≥20 days (63.9%), conversion period was ≥14 days (52.5%), and most were recovered (99.3%). There were correlations between existing comorbidities and LoS (p=0.03) and conversion time (p=0.03). There were correlations between initial condition during hospital admission with conversion time (p=0.00) and LoS (p=0.00).

Conclusion: The proportion of patients with COVID-19 confirmed from all patients treated was 78.13%, whom male, normal radiological finding, increased NLR, reactive SARS-CoV-2 immunoserology, and asymptomatic predominated. Most of the patients were moderate cases and well recovered."