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"PT DEF mengalami kehilangan air (Non Revenue Water) sebesar 48.76% yang melebihi dari  nilai rata-rata nasional senilai 20%. Untuk menurunkan tingkat kehilangan air, memberikan tagihan secara akurat, memberikan solusi cepat untuk mengetahui kebocoran pipa, memantau kualitas air, membaca jumlah pemakaian air secara real time, dan mengurangi potensi kesalahan di water meter pelanggan perlu dilakukan pengantian meter analog menjadi smart meter. Sehingga pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan analisa dampak kemungkinan risiko pada investasi Smart Meter dengan menggunakan pendekatan Value at Risk (VaR). Simulasi dijalankan menggunakan Software @Risk Palisade Decision Tools Suite yang menghasilkan nilai  Net Present Value (NPV) sebesar Rp 59.954.037.342, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar 18.4% dan Payback Period (PP) selama 6.6 tahun. Sehingga investasi layak dijalankan. Kemudian risiko yang paling mempengaruhi tingkat kelayakan investasi adalah biaya >smart meter, hal ini terlihat dari hubungan risiko 3 variabel input dengan nilai NPV 5% menunjukan sebesar +0.9955 lebih besar dari 0.

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PT DEF is experiencing Non Revenue Water (NRW) losses of 48.76%, which exceeds the national average 20%. To reduce the level of water loss, accurate billing, quick solution to detect pipe leaks, water quality monitoring, real time water usage readings, and minimizing potential errors in customer water meters, it is necessary to replace analog meters with smart meters. Therefore, this study will analyze the potential risk impact on smart meter investments using the Value at Risk (VaR) approach. The simulation is conducted using the @Risk Palisade Decision Tools Suite Software, resulting in a Net Present Value (NPV) of Rp 59.954.037.342 an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 18.4% and a Payback Period (PP) of 6.6 years. Thus, the investment is deemed feasible. The cost of smart meters is the risk that most influences the investment feasibility level, as evidenced by the relationship between the risk of the three input variables and the NPV value at 5%, which is + 0.9955 greater than 0."

"ABSTRAKMeningkatnya jumlah kebutuhan air baku bagi masyarakat di DKI Jakarta disebabkan oleh pertumbuhan penduduk. Upaya meningkatkan sumber air baku salah satunya dengan memanfaatkan kanal banjir timur (KBT). Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitas, kuantitas, dan kontinuitas, pengetahuan dan sikap disekitar KBT menjadi salah satu faktor sumber pencemar, sehingga dari segi kelayakan ekonomi dan lingkungan masyarakat kekurangan air bersih untuk kebutuhan sehari-hari yang dikonsumsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor sumber pencemar di KBT, menganalisis nilai kelayakan ekonomi di KBT sebagai pemanfaatan air baku. Metode uji kualitas air dilakukan di laboratorium, dan kelayakan ekonomi dilakukan perhitungan Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), dan Internal Rate of Return (IRR). Hasil dari pengaruh kualitas air KBT yang melebihi baku mutu terdapat delapan parameter yaitu TSS, besi, mangan, ammonia, angka permanganat, BOD5, COD, total coliform. Nilai kelayakan ekonomi menunjukkan bahwa hal ini layak untuk digunakan sebagai pemanfaatan air baku di KBT, karena menunjukkan indikator kelayakan positif NPV, nilai IRR 20,3% dan BEP 13,5. Kanal Banjir Timur (KBT) memiliki pasokan air baku yang direncanakan hingga 1.000 L/detik dapat melayani 347.267 Jiwa. Kesimpulan analisis ekonomi dan kelayakan lingkungan adalah bahwa KBT layak untuk digunakan sebagai sumber air baku yang berkelanjutan dan dapat digunakan sebagai air baku tambahan bagi masyarakat di DKI Jakarta

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ABSTRACTThe increasing number of raw water demands for people in DKI Jakarta is caused by population growth, so there is a need to increase the daily needs of raw water. One of the efforts to increase raw water sources is by utilizing the East Flood Canal (KBT). The problems in this research is the quality, quantity, and continuity, as well as the social community (knowledge, attitude) around KBT to be one of the pollutant source factors, so in terms of economic and environmental feasibility the community lacks clean water for daily needs consumptions. This study aims to analyze pollutant source factors at KBT, analyze the economic and environmental feasibility of KBT as utilization for raw water demands. Water quality test methods are carried out in the laboratory, and economic feasibility is calculated by Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The results of the influence of KBT water quality that exceeds the quality standard are eight parameters, namely TSS, iron, manganese, ammonia, permanganate number, BOD5, COD, total coliform. The results of the economic viability value indicates that it is feasible to be utilizes raw water in the KBT, because it shows an indicator of positive NPV feasibility, an IRR value of 20.3% and BEP 13.5. East Flood Canal (KBT) has planned a raw water supply of up to 1,400 L/s and can serve 347.267 people. The conclusion of economic analysis and environmental feasibility is that the KBT is feasible to be used as a sustainable source of raw water and can be used as an additional raw water for the community in DKI Jakarta."

"Meningkatnya jumlah kebutuhan air baku bagi masyarakat di DKI Jakarta disebabkan oleh pertumbuhan penduduk. Upaya meningkatkan sumber air baku salah satunya dengan memanfaatkan kanal banjir timur (KBT). Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitas, kuantitas, dan kontinuitas, pengetahuan dan sikap disekitar KBT menjadi salah satu faktor sumber pencemar, sehingga dari segi kelayakan ekonomi dan lingkungan masyarakat kekurangan air bersih untuk kebutuhan sehari-hari yang dikonsumsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor sumber pencemar di KBT, menganalisis nilai kelayakan ekonomi di KBT sebagai pemanfaatan air baku. Metode uji kualitas air dilakukan di laboratorium, dan kelayakan ekonomi dilakukan perhitungan Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), dan Internal Rate of Return (IRR). Hasil dari pengaruh kualitas air KBT yang  melebihi baku mutu terdapat delapan parameter yaitu TSS, besi, mangan, ammonia, angka permanganat, BOD₅, COD, total coliform. Nilai kelayakan ekonomi menunjukkan bahwa hal ini layak untuk digunakan sebagai pemanfaatan air baku di KBT, karena menunjukkan indikator kelayakan positif NPV, nilai IRR 20,3% dan BEP 13,5. Kanal Banjir Timur (KBT) memiliki pasokan air baku yang direncanakan hingga 1.000 L/detik dapat melayani 347.267 Jiwa. Kesimpulan analisis ekonomi dan kelayakan lingkungan adalah bahwa KBT layak untuk digunakan sebagai sumber air baku yang berkelanjutan dan dapat digunakan sebagai air baku tambahan bagi masyarakat di DKI Jakarta.

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The increasing number of raw water demands for people in DKI Jakarta is caused by population growth, so there is a need to increase the daily needs of raw water. One of the efforts to increase raw water sources is by utilizing the East Flood Canal (KBT). The problems in this research is the quality, quantity, and continuity, as well as the social community (knowledge, attitude) around KBT to be one of the pollutant source factors, so in terms of economic and environmental feasibility the community lacks clean water for daily needs consumptions. This study aims to analyze pollutant source factors at KBT, analyze the economic and environmental feasibility of KBT as utilization for raw water demands. Water quality test methods are carried out in the laboratory, and economic feasibility is calculated by Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR).

The results of the influence of KBT water quality that exceeds the quality standard are eight parameters, namely TSS, iron, manganese, ammonia, permanganate number, BOD5, COD, total coliform. The results of the economic viability value indicates that it is feasible to be utilizes raw water in the KBT, because it shows an indicator of positive NPV feasibility, an IRR value of 20.3% and BEP 13.5. East Flood Canal (KBT) has planned a raw water supply of up to 1,400 L/s and can serve 347.267 people. The conclusion of economic analysis and environmental feasibility is that the KBT is feasible to be used as a sustainable source of raw water and can be used as an additional raw water for the community in DKI Jakarta."

"ABSTRAKMeter listrik tradisional membaca secara manual, beban kerja yang besar, kesalahan besar dan didistribusikan di lokasi instalasi yang berbeda, perlu menghabiskan banyak waktu dan biaya tenaga kerja. Secara real-time, akurasi dan perluasan aplikasi tidak dapat dipenuhi. Dengan perkembangan teknologi, saat ini meter listrik dapat digunakan dua arah, yaitu untuk pembacaan jarak jauh secara real-time, dan dapat digunakan sebagai prabayar dan pascabayar, hal itu yang menjadikannya smart meter. Saat ini smart meter telah menjadi bagian penting dari sistem smart grid. Oleh karena itu PLN Bali memutuskan untuk mengganti meter dengan smart meter untuk mendukung Bali Eco Smart Grid. LoRaWAN adalah salah satu pilihan teknologi untuk menerapkan smart meter karena dapat menjangkau jarak yang jauh, daya rendah, lisensi gratis dan biaya yang lebih rendah. LoRa Long Range / LoRaWAN adalah salah satu teknologi IoT wide-area yang paling menjanjikan yang diusulkan oleh Semtech dan selanjutnya dipromosikan oleh Aliansi LoRa. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tekno ekonomi rencana implementasi smart meter reading pada PLN Bali dengan menggunakan metode tekno ekonomi dan cost-benefit analysis. Selain melakukan analisis aspek teknologi dan ekonomi, analisis model bisnsi dan juga dilakukan analisis aspek regulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa LoRa / LoRaWAN merupakan salah satu pilihan teknologi yang dapat digunakan saat ini, model bisnis yang dapat digunakan adalah build own atau implementasi dilakukan sendiri, build operate transfer BOT atau outsourcing ke pihak ketiga, dan model sewa. Sesuai peraturan Kominfo nomor 35 tahun 2015, LoRaWAN dapat digunakan sebagai perangkat jarak dekat yang dapat beroperasi pada 923-925 MHz.

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ABSTRACTTraditional electricity meters read manually, large workloads, major errors and distributed at different installation locations, need to spend a lot of time and labor costs. In real time, the accuracy and extension of the application can not be fulfilled. With technological developments, electric meters now can be used both ways, for real time remote reading, and can be used as prepaid and postpaid, making it smart meter. Currently the smart meter has become an important part of the smart grid system. Therefore PLN Bali decided to replace the meter with smart meter to support Bali Eco Smart Grid. LoRaWAN is one of the technology options for implementing smart meter because it can reach long distance, low power, free license and lower cost. LoRa Long Range LoRaWAN is one of the most promising IoT wide area technologies proposed by Semtech and subsequently promoted by the LoRa Alliance. This study aims to analyze the techno economic plan smart meter reading implementation on PLN Bali by using techno economic method and cost benefit analysis. In addition to analyzing technological and economic aspects, the analysis of the business model and also the regulatory aspect analysis. The results show that LoRa LoRaWAN is one of the technology options that can be used today, the business model that can be used is build own or implementation is done by itself, build operate transfer BOT or outsourcing to third party, and rental model. As per the rules of Kominfo number 35 of 2015, LoRaWAN can be used as a short range device that can operate at 923 925 MHz."

"Air merupakan kebutuhan pokok yang diperlukan untuk memenuhi aktivitas sehari hari manusia. Tidak jarang untuk mendapatkan suplai air yang bersih banyak warga memilih untuk berlangganan ke perusahaan penyedia air seperti PAM, PDAM dan berbagai jenis perusahaan lainnya. Namun pembacaan nilai meter secara manual membuat data tidak terbaca secara realtime dan tidak terdata dengan baik, sehingga dapat menyebabkan kerugian pada pelanggan maupun pihak perusahaan. Pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan perancangan sistem Monitoring meter air yang digunakan untuk membaca nilai volume air yang digunakan pelanggan. Data yang terbaca dihubungkan ke internet melalui jaringan LoRaWAN untuk dipantau dan dilakukan kontrol terhadap penggunaan volume air. Penelitian yang dilakukan sebagai monitoring pengunaan air telah berhasil dilakukan secara realtime, online dan otomatis. Fitur input batas parameter penggunaan air dapat dimasukan pada user application sebagai kontrol bulanan. Notifikasi penggunaan air sudah dapat muncul saat ada pemakaian air diatas batas parameter dengan notifikasi berupa pop up dan suara. Penelitian juga dilakukan dengan membandingkan performa antenna Spring Antena dan Ipex Antenna pada komunikasi LoRa. Jangkauan terjauh spring antenna dan ipex antenna hanya 4 meter dengan RSSI terkuat -115 dan terlemah - 123, dengan delay rata rata spring antenna sebesar 1492,2 mili detik dan Ipex antenna 885,6 mili detik. Pengujian packet lost pada jarak kurang dari satu meter antara node dan Gateway juga telah dilakukan, didapatkan hasil packet lost spring antenna 17% dan packet lost ipex antenna mencapai 15%

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Water is a basic need needed to fulfill human daily activities. Not infrequently to get a clean water supply, many residents choose to subscribe to water supply companies such as PAM, PDAM and various other types of companies. However, reading the meter values manually makes the data unreadable in real time and not recorded properly, which can cause losses to customers and the company. In this research, a water meter monitoring system will be designed to be used to read the value of the volume of water used by customers. The read data is connected to the internet via the LoRaWAN network to monitor and control the use of water volume. Research conducted as a monitoring of water use has been successfully carried out in real time, online and automatically. The water use parameter limit input feature can be entered in the user application as a monthly control. Notifications on water use can appear when there is water usage above the parameter limit with notifications in the form of pop ups and sounds. Research was also conducted by comparing the performance of Spring Antenna and Ipex Antenna on LoRa communication. The farthest range of the spring antenna and ipex antenna is only 4 meters, with the strongest RSSI -115 and the weakest -123, with an average spring antenna delay of 1492.2 milliseconds and an Ipex antenna of 885.6 milliseconds. Testing for packet lost at a distance of less than one meter between the node and the Gateway has also been carried out, the results obtained are packet lost spring antenna 17% and packet lost ipex antenna reaching 15%."

"A single mother turns up dead at the bottom of the river that runs through town. Earlier in the summer, a vulnerable teenage girl met the same fate. They are not the first women lost to these dark waters, but their deaths disturb the river and its history, dredging up secrets long submerged. Left behind is a lonely fifteen-year-old girl. Parentless and friendless, she now finds herself in the care of her mother's sister, a fearful stranger who has been dragged back to the place she deliberately ran from--a place to which she vowed she'd never return. With the same propulsive writing and acute understanding of human instincts that captivated millions of readers around the world in her explosive debut thriller, The Girl on the Train, Paula Hawkins delivers an urgent, twisting, deeply satisfying read that hinges on the deceptiveness of emotion and memory, as well as the devastating ways that the past can reach a long arm into the present.Als Nel Abbott verdrinkt in de rivier in een dorp in Noord-Engeland en zowel de politie als haar zus ondezoeken wat er is gebeurd, brengt dat oude en nieuwe spanningen naar boven."The author of the #1 New York Times bestseller and global phenomenon The Girl on the Train returns with Into the Water, her addictive new novel of psychological suspense. A single mother turns up dead at the bottom of the river that runs through town. Earlier in the summer, a vulnerable teenage girl met the same fate. They are not the first women lost to these dark waters, but their deaths disturb the river and its history, dredging up secrets long submerged. Left behind is a lonely fifteen-year-old girl. Parentless and friendless, she now finds herself in the care of her mother's sister, a fearful stranger who has been dragged back to the place she deliberately ran from--a place to which she vowed she'd never return. With the same propulsive writing and acute understanding of human instincts that captivated millions of readers around the world in her explosive debut thriller, The Girl on the Train, Paula Hawkins delivers an urgent, twisting, deeply satisfying read that hinges on the deceptiveness of emotion and memory, as well as the devastating ways that the past can reach a long arm into the present. Beware a calm surface--you never know what lies beneath"--"

"A single mother turns up dead at the bottom of the river that runs through town. Earlier in the summer, a vulnerable teenage girl met the same fate. They are not the first women lost to these dark waters, but their deaths disturb the river and its history, dredging up secrets long submerged. Left behind is a lonely fifteen-year-old girl. Parentless and friendless, she now finds herself in the care of her mother's sister, a fearful stranger who has been dragged back to the place she deliberately ran from--a place to which she vowed she'd never return. With the same propulsive writing and acute understanding of human instincts that captivated millions of readers around the world in her explosive debut thriller, The Girl on the Train, Paula Hawkins delivers an urgent, twisting, deeply satisfying read that hinges on the deceptiveness of emotion and memory, as well as the devastating ways that the past can reach a long arm into the present.Als Nel Abbott verdrinkt in de rivier in een dorp in Noord-Engeland en zowel de politie als haar zus ondezoeken wat er is gebeurd, brengt dat oude en nieuwe spanningen naar boven."The author of the #1 New York Times bestseller and global phenomenon The Girl on the Train returns with Into the Water, her addictive new novel of psychological suspense. A single mother turns up dead at the bottom of the river that runs through town. Earlier in the summer, a vulnerable teenage girl met the same fate. They are not the first women lost to these dark waters, but their deaths disturb the river and its history, dredging up secrets long submerged. Left behind is a lonely fifteen-year-old girl. Parentless and friendless, she now finds herself in the care of her mother's sister, a fearful stranger who has been dragged back to the place she deliberately ran from--a place to which she vowed she'd never return. With the same propulsive writing and acute understanding of human instincts that captivated millions of readers around the world in her explosive debut thriller, The Girl on the Train, Paula Hawkins delivers an urgent, twisting, deeply satisfying read that hinges on the deceptiveness of emotion and memory, as well as the devastating ways that the past can reach a long arm into the present. Beware a calm surface--you never know what lies beneath"--"

"Pengukuran transaksi energi listrik dengan menggunakan kWh meter selayaknya mempunyai tingkat akurasi yang baik agar tidak ada satupun pihak yang dirugikan akibat adanya kesalahan dalam proses pengukuran. Di sisi lain, dengan semakin banyaknya penggunaan beban non linier oleh konsumen dapat menimbulkan salah satu masalah kualitas daya berupa harmonisa yang dapat mempengaruhi tingkat keakurasian hasil pengukuran energi listrik yang sebenarnya terpaka. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat pengaruh harmonisa terhadap penyimpangan pengukuran energi listrik pada kWh meter analog dan digital. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa semakin banyak beban non linier yang digunakan maka semakin besar nilai %THD, dan semakin besar %THD (%THD-i > 80%) maka penyimpangan akan semakin besar dengan % kesalahan mencapai > 64% dan tingkat keakurasian dari hasil pengukuran menjadi berkurang pada kedua jenis kWh meter yang digunakan.

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Measurement of electric energy transactions using the electricity meter should have a good degree of accuracy, so that none party is financially disadvantaged as a result of measurement error. On the other hand, with the increasing use of non-linear load by consumers may cause one of the power quality problem in form of harmonics; that may affect the degree of accuracy of the actual measurement results.

The study was conducted to see the effect of harmonic distortion toward electric energy measurement using analog and digital electricity meter, and the results show that the more non-linear loads are used, the value of %THD will increase, and the greater %THD (%THD-i > 80%) can increase the error (% error > 64%) and also reduce the level of accuracy of measurement results on both types of electricity meter."

"Kondisi alam dan letak geografis menjadikan Indonesia memiliki banyak pulau dan selat, merupakan salah satu potensi energi yang cukup berprospek untuk dikembangkan adalah pembangkit listrik tenaga gelombang laut PLTGL . Guna meningkatkan perkembangan energi baru dan terbarukan, maka diperlukan pihak swasta untuk menjalin kerjasama dan bersedia investasi dalam pengembangan energi baru dan terbarukan. Penelitian ini secara umum analisis ekonomi dengan menggunakan metode NPV, IRR, Payback Periode, IP, dan WACC terhadap tiga skenario yang berbeda. Skenario pertama dengan komposisi pinjaman 70 surat hutang berwawasan lingkungan Green Bond, dan 30 bank. Skenario kedua komposisi pinjaman 80 surat hutang berwawasan lingkungan Green Bond dan 20 bank. Skenario ketiga komposisi pinjaman 70 surat hutang berwawasan lingkungan Green Bond, 20 saham preferen, dan 10 saham biasa. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan keekonomian diperoleh untuk skenario pertama didapatakan IRR sebesar 11 dan NPV sejumlah 8,352,117.18 dengan masa pengembalian selama 4,06 tahun untuk OW Pelamis dan IRR sebesar 13 dan NPV sejumlah 4,945,027.64 dengan masa pengembalian selama 3,71 tahun untuk OW Coloumn. Skenario kedua IRR sebesar 11 dan NPV sejumlah 8,318,300.99 dengan masa pengembalian selama 4,64 tahun untuk OW Pelamis dan IRR sebesar 12 dan NPV sejumlah 4,887,483.19 dengan masa pengembalian selama 5,34 tahun untuk OW Coloumn. Skema ketiga dengan IRR sebesar 12 dan NPV sejumlah 9,103,173.06 dengan masa pengembalian selama 4,29 tahun untuk OW Pelamis dan IRR sebesar 13 dan NPV sejumlah 5,354,283.25 dengan masa pengembalian selama 3,71 tahun untuk OW Coloumn. Analisis risiko menggunakan metode analisis sensitivitas dan risiko yang menggangu parameter resiko investasi. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, teknologi OW Pelamis Skema 3 cocok untuk diterapkan di PLTGL NTB.

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Natural conditions and geographical location made Indonesia has many islands and straits, is one potential energy is prospective enough to be developed is a wave power plant PLTGL . To increase the energy of new and renewable energy, it is necessary for private parties to establish relationships and renewals in the development of new and renewable energy.

This study uses economic analysis using NPV, IRR, Payback Period, IP, and WACC methods against three different scenarios. The first scenario with the composition of the loan 70 of environmental bonds Green Bond , and 30 of banks. The second scenario is the form of 80 of the green bond loan and 20 of the bank. The scheme affects 70 of environmentally sound debt securities Green Bonds, 20 of preferred stock, and 10 of common stock.

Based on the economic results obtained for the first scenario was obtained IRR of 11 and NPV of 8,352,117.18 with a return period of 4.06 years for OW Pelamis and IRR of 13 and NPV of 4,945,027.64 with a payback period of 3.71 year for OW Column.

The second IRR scenario is 11 and the NPV is 8,318,300.99 with a payback period of 4.64 years for OW Pelamis and IRR of 12 and NPV is 4,887,483.19 with a payback period of 5.34 years for OW Coloumn.

The scheme with an IRR of 12 and NPV of 9,103,173.06 with a duration of 4.29 years for OW Pelamis and IRR of 13 and NPV of 5,354,283.25 with a return period of 3.71 years for the OW column.

The analysis used sensitivity analysis methods and disruptive risk parameters. Therefore, OW Pelamis Scheme 3 technology is suitable for application in PLTGL NTB."