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"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh inovasi hijau terhadap nilai perusahaan pada setiap siklus hidup perusahaan sektor energi di Indonesia, dengan mempertimbangkan peran variabel moderasi sustainable growth dan debt financing cost. Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel dari 61 perusahaan sektor energi di Indonesia dalam periode 2016-2021. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa inovasi hijau memiliki pengaruh signifikan positif terhadap nilai perusahaan. Namun, sustainable growth dan debt financing cost tidak terbukti memperkuat pengaruh tersebut secara signifikan, Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh inovasi hijau terhadap nilai perusahaan berbeda pada setiap tahap siklus hidup perusahaan. Inovasi hijau memiliki pengaruh signifikan positif pada nilai perusahaan saat tahap growth dan decline, sedangkan pada tahap mature, inovasi hijau tidak signifikan mempengaruhi nilai perusahaan. Hasil ini memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang pentingnya inovasi hijau pada siklus hidup perusahan untuk meningkatkan nilai perusahaan sektor energi di Indonesia, namun perlu adanya penelitian lanjutan untuk memahami peran sustainable growth dan debt financing cost.

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This study aims to analyze the impact of green innovation on firm value at each stage of the firm's life cycle in the energy sector in Indonesia, taking into account the moderating role of sustainable growth and debt financing cost variables. The study uses panel data from 61 energy sector companies in Indonesia from 2016 to 2021. The results show that green innovation has a significant positive effect on firm value. However, sustainable growth and debt financing cost do not significantly strengthen this impact. The study also reveals that the influence of green innovation on firm value differs at each stage of the firm's life cycle. Green innovation has a significant positive effect on firm value during the growth and decline stages, while it does not significantly affect firm value during the mature stage. These findings provide a better understanding of the importance of green innovation at each stage of the firm's life cycle in enhancing the value of energy sector companies in Indonesia. However, further research is needed to understand the role of sustainable growth and debt financing cost more comprehensively."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memverifikasi efek dari berbagai metode pembiayaan utang pada nilai perusahaan. Metode yang paling umum digunakan oleh perusahaan di Indonesia untuk pembiayaan utang adalah dengan (Pinjaman Bank), menerbitkan Public Debt (Obligasi dan Sukuk), dan Private Debt (Surat Berharga Komersial, Surat Utang Jangka Menengah, Wesel Bayar, Utang Hipotik, dan Utang Sewa Guna Usaha/leasing). Dari perspektif akuntansi, tidak ada perbedaan antara Public Debt (Obligasi/Sukuk) dan Loan (Pinjaman Bank). Namun, dari perspektif ekonomi/bisnis, surat utang perusahaan dan pinjaman bank berbeda dalam hal karakteristik mereka. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan asumsi bahwa atribut dari jenis utang yang dipilih memiliki dampak terhadap nilai perusahaan. Hasilnya akan menunjukkan karakteristik yang berbeda akan mempengaruhi nilai perusahaan.

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This study aims to verify the effects of various debt financing methods on firm value. The most common method used by companies in Indonesia for debt financing is by Loans, issuing Public Debt (Bonds and Islamic Bonds), and Private Debt (Commercial Securities, Medium-Term Notes, Notes Payable, Mortgage Debt, and Lease). From an accounting perspective, there is no difference between Public Debt (Bonds and Islamic Bonds) and Loans. However, from an economic/business perspective, corporate debt and bank loans differ in their characteristics. This research was conducted with the assumption that the attributes of the type of debt chosen had an impact on the value of the company. The results will show different characteristics that will affect the value of the company."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik perusahaan perusahaan berupa ukuran perusahaan, aset yang berwujud, tingkat profitabilitas, rasio market-to-book dan tingkat leverage serta credit rating terhadap tipe debt financing perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan cross-sectional dengan jumlah data observasi sebanyak 101. Penelitian menggunakan model binary logistic regression untuk memprediksi pengaruh karakteristik perusahaan terhadap tipe debt financing. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa adanya pengaruh signifikan antara market-to-book dengan tipe debt financing.

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This study analyze Effect of Firm Characteristics as size, tangibility, profitability, market-to-book ratio and leverage and credit rating on choice of debt financing. This study uses cross-sectional data to test of 101 observation datas. This study uses binary logistic regression to predict the effect of form characteristic on choice of debt financing. This study proves that market-to-book ratio has significant effect of debt financing."

""ABSTRAK"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh siklus hidup perusahaan terhadap kebijakan perusahaan. Siklus hidup perusahaan diklasifikasikan berdasarkan Dicksinson 2010 Classification Scheme DCS . Kebijakan perusahaan terdiri dari kebijakan investasi, pendanaan eksternal utang dan saham , dan cash holdings. Dengan menggunakan 770 sampel perusahaan industri manufaktur dari tahun 2010 ndash; 2016, ditemukan bukti bahwa kebijakan investasi perusahaan bergerak menurun secara monotonic seiring dengan berkembangnya perusahaan. Kebijakan penerbitan saham bergerak menurun seiring dengan berkembangnya perusahaan dari tahap introduction ke tahap mature, selanjutnya mengalami kenaikan ketika perusahaan bergerak dari tahapan mature ke shake-out/decline. Pergerakan nilai penerbitan utang jangka panjang membentuk pola menurun dan monotonic seiring dengan perkembangan siklus hidup perusahaan. Pergerakan hubungan antara nilai cash holdings perusahaan dengan siklus hidupnya membentuk pola hump shape. Cash holdings akan meningkat seiring perusahaan bergerak dari tahapan introduction ke mature, lalu menurun pada tahapan mature ke shake-out/decline.Secara keseluruhan, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan keuangan perusahaan bergerak mengikuti siklus hidupnya."

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""ABSTRACT"This study is aimed to investigate the impact of corporate life cycle on corporate policy. Firms sample classified into different life cycle stages using the Dickinson 2011 Classification Scheme. Corporate policies in this study defined as investment, external financing debt and equity issuance , and cash holdings. Using 770 observations of manufacturing company listed in IDX from 2010 ndash 2016, it is found that firms will invest less as they become more mature. As of equity issuance, firms will decrease their equity issuance as they move from the introduction phase to the mature phase. Mature and shake out decline firms will issue more equity. For debt issuance policy, firms will issuing less debt as they become more mature. Firms will increase their cash holdings as they move from the introduction phase to the mature phase. Mature and shake out decline firms will hold less cash. Collectively, our results show that corporate policies follow a corporate life cycle. "

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah semakin tinggi proporsi kepemilikan asing akan meningkatkan nilai perusahaan dan proporsi penggunaan offshore debt financing. Penelitian ini juga ingin melihat apakah penggunaan offshore debt financing yang tinggi karena proporsi kepemilikan asing yang tinggi akan menyebabkan peningkatan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan model regresi linear berganda dari 1,344 observasi pada perusahaan-perusahaan yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia yang bergerak pada sektor non keuangan selama tahun 2009-2012.Hasil penelitian memberikan bukti empiris bahwa semakin tinggi proporsi kepemilikan asing dalam sebuah perusahaan akan meningkatkan nilai perusahaan dan proporsi penggunaan offshore debt financing. Namun, penelitian ini juga membuktikan bahwa proporsi penggunaan offshore debt financing yang tinggi karena proporsi kepemilikan asing yang tinggi tidak menyebabkan peningkatan terhadap nilai perusahaan.

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The objective of this research is to analyze whether higher proportion of foreign ownership will result in higher firm value and tendency of offshore debt financing usage. In addition, this reaserch will examine whether the increased usage of offshore debt financing due to higher proportion of foreign ownership will lead to an increase in firm value. Hypothesis testing is performed using multiple linear regression models with 1.344 numbers of observations of non-financial firms listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange, over the period from 2009 to 2012.The result of this reasearch provides empirical evidence that higher proportion of foreign ownerhip will increase firm value and the usage of offshore debt financing. However, this research also proves that higher proportion of offshore debt financing due to higher proportion of foreign ownership does not lead to an increase in firm value."

"Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kinerja ESG terhadap inovasi hijau perusahaan, pengaruh kinerja ESG terhadap kendala pembiyaaan perusahaan, dan peran mediasi kendala pembiayaan dalam hubungan antara ESG dan inovasi hijau. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode estimasi fixed-effect model dengan data panel pada 57 perusahaan publik sektor manufaktur di negara Cina, Jepang, dan Korea Selatan dari tahun 2017-2021. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kinerja ESG yang lebih baik dapat secara signifikan mendorong inovasi hijau, namun tidak dapat meringankan kendala pembiayaan, serta kendala pembiayaan tidak memediasi hubungan antara ESG dan inovasi hijau.

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This study aims to analyze the effect of ESG performance on corporate green innovation, the effect of ESG performance on corporate financing constraints, and the mediating role of financing constraints in the relationship between ESG and green innovation. The research method uses the fixed-effect model estimation method with panel data on 57 listed companies in the manufacturing sector in China, Japan and South Korea from 2017-2021. The results of this study found that better ESG performance can significantly encourage green innovation, but cannot alleviate financing constraints, and financing constraints do not mediate the relationship between ESG and green innovation."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) yang dimoderasi kinerja Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) terhadap profitabilitas, biaya utang dan nilai perusahaan. Penelitian ini mengambil sampel 148 perusahaan di negara ASEAN-5 selama periode 2017-2021, dengan jumlah observasi 740. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan metode Ordinary Least Square dan menunjukkan hasil bahwa ERM berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap ROA, positif tidak signifikan terhadap Tobins’Q dan negatif signifikan terhadap Cost of Debt. Moderasi ESG meningkatkan signifikansi penerapan ERM terhadap profitabilitas, biaya utang dan nilai perusahaan. Hasil penelitian juga menemukan bahwa pilar environment dan Social memberikan pengaruh positif signifikan, sedangkan pilar Governance tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas, biaya utang dan nilai perusahaan. Temuan dalam penelitian ini adalah menyarankan regulator untuk membuat aturan yang lebih komprehensif terkait penerapan ERM dan ESG.

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This study aims to determine the effect of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) moderated by Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance to profitability, cost of debt and firm value. This research took a sample of 148 companies in ASEAN-5 countries during the 2017-2021 period, with a total of 740 observations. Hypothesis testing carried out using the Ordinary Least Square method and showed the results that ERM has a significant positive effect on ROA, positive not significant on Tobins'Q and has a significant negative effect on Cost of Debt. ESG moderation increases the significance of ERM implementation on profitability, cost of debt and firm value. The results of the study also found that the Environmental and Social pillars had a significant positive effect, while the Governance pillar had no significant effect on profitability, debt costs and firm value. The findings in this study are to suggest regulators to make more comprehensive rules regarding the implementation of ERM and ESG."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan secara empiris pengaruh pengungkapan environmental, social, governance (ESG) terhadap akses pembiayaan dan biaya utang. Penelitian ini mengambil 107 perusahaan nonkeuangan yang terdaftar di masing-masing bursa efek di negara-negara ASEAN selama tahun 2014-2018. Pengujian hipotesis pengaruh pengungkapan ESG terhadap akses pembiayaan dan biaya utang dilakukan masing-masing menggunakan metode regresi data panel fixed effect dan common effect. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi skor pengungkapan ESG gabungan dan skor pengungkapan aspek tata kelola (governance), maka perusahaan memiliki akses pembiayaan yang lebih baik dari pemberi pinjaman (lenders) dan hasil ini signifikan secara statistik, sedangkan pengungkan aspek lingkungan (environmental) dan sosial (social) tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa pengungkapan ESG dan masing-masing komponennya tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap biaya utang.

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This study aims to prove empirically whether or not ESG disclosures (i.e. aggregate as well as its three sub-indicators) provide better access to debt financing and reduce cost of debt. The research takes 107 non-financial firms listed on six stock exchanges of ASEAN countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Philipines, Thailand, and Vietnam) from 2014 to 2018. The hypothesis testings regarding the effect of ESG disclosure on access to debt financing and cost of debt are carried out using the fixed-effect and common-effect panel data regression method, respectively. The empirical results demonstrate that overall CSR disclosure score as a combination of ESG disclosure and governance disclosure are positively related to better access to finance. While environmental dan social disclosure are found to have insignificant association. The results also indicate that both combined and separated components of ESG disclosures have insignificant association with the cost of debt."

"Penelitian ini menganalisis peran debt financing dan corporate governance terhadap earning management pada perusahaan non-keuangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2014 - 2019. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh debt financing dan corporate governance terhadap praktik earning management pada suatu perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan sampel purposive sampling serta menggunakan model statistik regresi berganda data panel. Variabel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini, yaitu absolute value of abnormal accruals sebagai variabel dependen, leverage, komisaris independen, dan board size sebagai variabel independen, serta variabel kontrol yang terdiri dari firm size, return on asset (ROA), growth, dan firm age. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah laporan keuangan dan laporan tahunan pada perusahaan non-keuangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2014-2019. Sampel penelitian yang digunakan terdiri dari 380 perusahan non-keuangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2014 - 2019 dengan jumlah observasi sebanyak 2180 observasi. Hasil pada penelitian ini menunjukan adanya pengaruh signifikan yang positif antara debt financing terhadap praktik earning management pada suatu perusahaan yang diproksikan melalui tingkat leverage, serta adanya pengaruh signifikan yang positif antara corporate governance terhadap praktik earning management pada suatu perusahaan yang diproksikan melalui komisaris independen dan board size.

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This research analyzes the role of debt financing and corporate governance on earning management in non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period of 2014-2019. The aim of this research is to investigate the influence of debt financing and corporate governance on earning management practices in a company. This research uses a quantitative approach with purposive sampling and employs a multiple regression panel data statistical model. The variables used in this research are the absolute value of abnormal accruals as the dependent variable, leverage, independent commissioner, and board size as the independent variables, and control variables comprising of firm size, return on asset (ROA), growth, and firm age. The data used in this research is financial and annual reports of non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period of 2014-2019. The sample used in this research consists of 380 non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period of 2014-2019 with a total of 2180 observations. The results of this research show a significant positive effect of debt financing on earning management practices in a company proxied through leverage level, and a significant positive effect of corporate governance on earning management practices in a company proxied through independent commissioner and board size."

"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ini menguji pengaruh kebijakan utang, kebijakan dividen dankeputusan investasi terhadap nilai perusahaan. Penelitian menggunakan StructuralEquation Model (SEM) dengan data panel dengan sampel 115 perusahaan yangterdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dengan data tahun 2011-2013. Variabel yangdigunakan untuk mengukur kebijakan utang menggunakan debt to equity ratio(DER), kebijakan dividen menggunakan dividend payout ratio (DPR), keputusaninvestasi menggunakan proksi pertumbuhan/penurunan aset tetap dan nilaiperusahaan menggunakan rasio price to book value (PBV). Hasil penelitian pervariabel menujukan bahwa kebijakan utang berpengaruh terhadap kebijakandividen, keputusan investasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap kebijakan dividen,kebijakan utang berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan, kebijakan dividen dankeputusan investasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan. Bila dilihat daripengujian model struktural, kebijakan utang berpengaruh langsung terhadap nilaiperusahaan secara langsung tanpa melalui kebijakan dividen terlebih dahulu. Hasilpenelitian tersebut juga membuktikan bahwa kebijakan dividen dapat berdirisendiri sebagai variabel independen karena keputusan investasi tidak berpengaruhterhadap kebijakan dividen dan terhadap nilai perusahaan

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ABSTRACTThis study examines the effect of debt policy, dividend policy and investmentdecision on firm value. This study used structural equation model (SEM) withpanel data, took 115 listed companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange from year2011-2013. This study used variables such as debt to equity ratio (DER) tomeasure debt policy, dividend payout ratio (DPR) to measure dividend policy,proxy of growth/reduction of the fixed assets and price to book value ratio (PBV)to measure firm value. The results of the study addressing that each variable suchas debt policy affects dividend policy, investment decision doesn?t affect dividendpolicy, debt policy affect firm value, dividend policy and investment decision donot affect firm value. Result from the structural testing model, debt policy affectfirm value directly without pass through dividend policy first. The result of thestudy also revealed that dividend policy could stand alone as an independentvariable because investment decision doesn?t affect dividend policy and firmvalue.;This study examines the effect of debt policy, dividend policy and investmentdecision on firm value. This study used structural equation model (SEM) withpanel data, took 115 listed companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange from year2011-2013. This study used variables such as debt to equity ratio (DER) tomeasure debt policy, dividend payout ratio (DPR) to measure dividend policy,proxy of growth/reduction of the fixed assets and price to book value ratio (PBV)to measure firm value. The results of the study addressing that each variable suchas debt policy affects dividend policy, investment decision doesn?t affect dividendpolicy, debt policy affect firm value, dividend policy and investment decision donot affect firm value. Result from the structural testing model, debt policy affectfirm value directly without pass through dividend policy first. The result of thestudy also revealed that dividend policy could stand alone as an independentvariable because investment decision doesn?t affect dividend policy and firmvalue.;This study examines the effect of debt policy, dividend policy and investmentdecision on firm value. This study used structural equation model (SEM) withpanel data, took 115 listed companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange from year2011-2013. This study used variables such as debt to equity ratio (DER) tomeasure debt policy, dividend payout ratio (DPR) to measure dividend policy,proxy of growth/reduction of the fixed assets and price to book value ratio (PBV)to measure firm value. The results of the study addressing that each variable suchas debt policy affects dividend policy, investment decision doesn?t affect dividendpolicy, debt policy affect firm value, dividend policy and investment decision donot affect firm value. Result from the structural testing model, debt policy affectfirm value directly without pass through dividend policy first. The result of thestudy also revealed that dividend policy could stand alone as an independentvariable because investment decision doesn?t affect dividend policy and firmvalue., This study examines the effect of debt policy, dividend policy and investmentdecision on firm value. This study used structural equation model (SEM) withpanel data, took 115 listed companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange from year2011-2013. This study used variables such as debt to equity ratio (DER) tomeasure debt policy, dividend payout ratio (DPR) to measure dividend policy,proxy of growth/reduction of the fixed assets and price to book value ratio (PBV)to measure firm value. The results of the study addressing that each variable suchas debt policy affects dividend policy, investment decision doesn’t affect dividendpolicy, debt policy affect firm value, dividend policy and investment decision donot affect firm value. Result from the structural testing model, debt policy affectfirm value directly without pass through dividend policy first. The result of thestudy also revealed that dividend policy could stand alone as an independentvariable because investment decision doesn’t affect dividend policy and firmvalue.]"