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"Upaya mitigasi efek gas rumah kaca telah dilakukan dengan berbagai cara dan pendekatan, salah satunya adalah dengan mengetahui kadar karbon pada cangkang dan tubuh gastropoda mangrove serta faktor lingkungan yang memengaruhinya. Penelitian telah dilakukan di Pulau Rambut dan Pulau Pari dengan mengambil sampel gastropoda Terebralia sulcata serta mengukur parameter lingkungan (suhu udara, pH tanah, salinitas air, dan karbon sedimen). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar karbon cangkang dan tubuh T. sulcata di kedua pulau serta pengaruh lingkungan yang menyebabkan perbedaan hasil tersebut. Metode dalam mendapatkan nilai karbon pada tubuh T. sulcata dan sedimen dilakukan dengan pengabuan, sedangkan kadar karbon cangkang T. sulcata dilakukan dengan pengasaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara kadar karbon (%C) cangkang di Pulau Rambut (10,08 ± 0,32) dengan Pulau Pari (10,16 ± 0,90). Sebaliknya, terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara kadar karbon (%C) tubuh di Pulau Rambut (33,66 ± 1,86) dengan Pulau Pari (19,88 ± 1,38). Kadar karbon sedimen dapat menjadi pengaruh kadar karbon tubuh T. sulcata dengan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,492 di Pulau Rambut.

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Mitigation efforts to reduce greenhouse gas effects have been conducted using various approaches, including assessing carbon levels in the shells and bodies of mangrove gastropods, along with the environmental factors that influence them. Research was conducted on Rambut Island and Pari Island, where Terebralia sulcata gastropods were sampled, and environmental parameters (air temperature, soil pH, water salinity, and sediment carbon) were measured. The study aimed to identify differences in carbon levels in T. sulcata shells and bodies between the two islands and determine the environmental factors contributing to these variations. Carbon levels in the gastropod bodies and sediments were measured through combustion, while acidification was used for shell carbon assessment. Results showed no significant difference in shell carbon (%C) between Rambut Island (10.08 ± 0.32) and Pari Island (10.16 ± 0.90). However, a significant difference was observed in body carbon (%C) between Rambut Island (33.66 ± 1.86) and Pari Island (19.88 ± 1.38). The sediment carbon content can influence the carbon content of T. sulcata's body with a correlation value of 0.492 on Pulau Rambut Island."

"Karbon di Indonesia semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya, hal ini memberikan dampak buruk bagi kehidupan manusia. Salah satu langkah untuk mengurangi CO2 di alam adalah dengan meningkatkan jumlah penyerapan CO2, dan hutan mangrove merupakan salah satu tempat penyimpanan CO2 di bumi. Mangrove dapat menyerap CO2 di tegakan mangrove, sedimen, dan fauna mangrove seperti T. palustris. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis perbandingan simpanan karbon T. palustris dan sedimen serta pengaruh pH, salinitas, dan suhu terhadap jumlah karbon yang dapat disimpan oleh T. palustris di Pulau Rambut, DKI Jakarta pada tahun 2022 dan 2023. Sampel diambil dari 4 stasiun, lalu sampel cangkang dan tubuh T. palustris dipisahkan. Siput dan sedimen dikeringkan di oven, kemudian ditumbuk menggunakan alu mortar. Sedimen disaring menggunakan sieve net. Cangkang diberi larutan HCl 1N, tubuh dan sedimen di furnace. Perhitungan nilai karbon dihitung menggunakan rumus dari masing-masing sampel. Data yang diperoleh dihitung nilai korelasi dan uji-T dengan menggunakan SPSS. Hasil Rata-rata karbon tahun 2022 untuk cangkang T. palustris adalah 10,559 ± 0,201, tubuh T. palustris 26,019 ± 2,697, sedimen 148,185 ± 11, 683. Tahun 2023 rata-rata karbon untuk cangkang T. palustris adalah 10,398 ± 0,588, tubuh T. palustris 22,162 ± 1,838, dan sedimen 143,671 ± 11, 442. Korelasi antara cangkang dan tubuh T. palustris, dan T. palustris terhadap sedimen dapat dikatakan tidak memiliki korelasi, terdapat korelasi negatif di cangkang dan tubuh T. palustris tahun 2023, dan hasil perbandingan yang diperoleh pada tahun 2022 dan 2023 untuk cangkang, tubuh, dan sedimen menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan.

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Carbon in Indonesia is increasing every year, this has a negative impact on human life. One of the steps to reduce CO2 in nature is to increase the amount of CO2 absorption, and mangrove forests are one of the CO2 storage places on earth. Mangroves can absorb CO2 in mangrove stands, sediments, and mangrove fauna such as T. palustris. This study aims to determine and analyze the comparison of T. palustris and sediment carbon storage and the influence of pH, salinity, and temperature on the amount of carbon that can be stored by T. palustris on Rambut Island, DKI Jakarta in 2022 and 2023. Samples were taken from 4 stations, then the shell and body samples of T. palustris were separated. The snails and sediments were oven dried, then crushed using a mortar and pestle. Sediment was filtered using a sieve. The shell was given a 1N HCl solution, the body and sediment in the furnace. Calculation of carbon value was calculated using the formula of each sample. The data obtained were calculated the correlation value and T-test used SPSS. Average carbon results in 2022 for T. palustris shells amounted to 10.559 ± 0.201, T. palustris body 26.019 ± 2.697, sediment 148.185 ± 11.683. In 2023 the average carbon for T. palustris shell was 10.398 ± 0.588, T. palustris body 22.162 ± 1.838, and sediment 143.671 ± 11.442. The correlation between T. palustris shell and body, and T. palustris with sediment can be said to have no correlation, there is a negative correlation in T. palustris shell and body in 2023, and the comparison results obtained in 2022 and 2023 for shell, body, and sediment show no significant difference."

"Peningkatan timbulan sampah dan perbedaan curah hujan memengaruhi akumulasi mikroplastik dari sungai ke laut. Mikroplastik terdistribusi dan tersebar ke seluruh ekosistem laut, termasuk hutan mangrove. Mikroplastik yang memasuki hutan mangrove terperangkap oleh akar mangrove dan terakumulasi di sedimen. Mikroplastik di sedimen hutan mangrove dapat dengan mudah termakan oleh biota deposit-feeder, seperti siput mangrove. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbandingan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada tubuh siput Terebralia sulcata dan sedimen di hutan mangrove Pulau Rambut, Teluk Jakarta, DKI Jakarta tahun 2022 dan 2023 serta untuk menganalisis korelasi antara kelimpahan mikroplastik di sedimen dengan kelimpahan mikroplastik di tubuh siput T. sulcata. Sebanyak 20 sampel T. sulcata dan sedimen diambil di empat stasiun di tahun 2022 dan 2023. Jaringan tubuh T. sulcata dilarutkan dengan HNO3 65% dan diencerkan dengan NaCl jenuh. Sampel sedimen dikeringkan menggunakan oven kemudian 10 g sedimen kering diencerkan dengan larutan NaCl jenuh. Sebanyak 20 mL dari masing-masing sampel dihomogenkan dan diamati di bawah mikroskop dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Hasil penelitian menemukan adanya partikel mikroplastik pada siput T. sulcata dengan kelimpahan sebesar 305,53±64,58 partikel/g pada tahun 2022 dan 324,48±60,91 partikel/g pada tahun 2023. Kelimpahan mikroplastik pada sedimen didapatkan sebesar 66,53±10,69 partikel/g pada tahun 2022 dan 71,77±11,31 partikel/g pada tahun 2023. Dari tahun 2022 ke tahun 2023, kelimpahan mikroplastik mengalami peningkatan sebesar 7,87% pada siput T. sulcata dan 6,2% pada sedimen. Bentuk mikroplastik yang ditemukan pada sampel siput dan sedimen adalah fiber, fragmen, film, dan granul dengan bentuk yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah fiber. Hasil uji korelasi Spearman dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya korelasi positif antara kelimpahan mikroplastik di sedimen dan kelimpahan mikroplastik di T. sulcata.

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The increase in the amount of waste and differences in rainfall affect the accumulation of microplastics from rivers to the sea. Microplastics distributed and spread throughout marine ecosystems, including mangrove forests. Microplastics that enter mangrove forests trapped by mangrove roots and accumulate in sediments. Microplastics in mangrove forest sediments can be easily ingested by deposit-feeder biota, such as mangrove snails. This study aims to analyze the comparison of the abundance of microplastics in Terebralia sulcata and sediment in the mangrove forest of Pulau Rambut, Jakarta Bay, DKI Jakarta in 2022 and 2023 and to analyze the correlation between the abundance of microplastics in sediment and T. sulcata. 20 samples of T. sulcata sediment were collected at four stations in 2022 and 2022. The body tissue of T. sulcata were dissolved with 65% HNO3 and then diluted with saturated NaCl. Sediment samples were dried using an oven then 10 g of dry sediment was diluted with saturated NaCl. A total of 20 mL of each sample was homogenized and observed under a microscope with three repetitions. The results of the study found the presence of microplastic particles in T. sulcata with an abundance was 305.53±64.58 particles/g in 2022 and 324.48±60.91 particles/g in 2023. The abundance of microplastics in sediments was 66.53±10.69 particles/g in 2022 and 71.767±11.31 particles/g in 2023. From 2022 to 2023, the abundance of microplastics increased by 7.87% in T. sulcata and 6.2% in sediment. The forms of microplastics found in T. sulcata and sediment samples were fiber, fragments, films and granules with the most commonly found form was fiber. The results of the Spearman correlation test in this study showed a positive correlation between the abundance of microplastics in the sediment and in T. sulcata."

"Mangrove memiliki kemampuan menyimpan dan menyerap karbon dalam biomassa hidup maupun mati, dan sedimen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya produktivitas serasah, besar serasah yang dilepas ke perairan, laju dekomposisi serasah, potensi karbon yang dapat diserap dan disimpan oleh hutan mangrove Pulau Rambut. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan September-November 2020 dan Maret-Juni 2021. Metode pengambilan data terkait komposisi vegetasi dan stok karbon menggunakan purposive sampling dan dihitung dengan persamaan allometrik. Produktivitas serasah dan laju dekomposisi diukur selama 42 hari dengan pengamatan setiap 2 minggu sekali. Serasah yang dilepas ke perairan diukur dengan menyaring serasah ketika air laut surut. Karbon pada sedimen diukur dengan mengambil sedimen pada kedalaman 0—30 cm. Vegetasi pohon dan pancang didominasi oleh Rhizophora mucronata dan semai oleh Excoecaria agallocha. Stok karbon dan serapan karbon pada hutan mangrove Pulau Rambut sebesar 278,60 ton/ha dan 951,41 ton/ha. Stok karbon pada sedimen sebesar 19,36 ton/ha. Besarnya produktivitas serasah dan potensi karbonnya sebesar 2,741 g/m2/hari dan 9,72 g/m2/hari. Laju dekomposisi paling cepat diraih oleh Rhizophora mucronata yaitu 0,191 g/hari. Besar serasah yang dilepas ke perairan adalah 21,27 g/m3/hari dengan kandungan karbon sebesar 50,82%.

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Mangroves have the ability to store and absorb carbon in living and dead biomass, and sediments. This study aims to determine the amount of litter productivity, the amount of litter released into the waters, the rate of litter decomposition, the potential for carbon that can be absorbed and stored by the Rambut Island mangrove forest. The research was conducted from September-November 2020 and March-June 2021. Methods of collecting data related to the composition of vegetation and carbon stock using purposive sampling and calculated by allometric equations. Litter productivity and decomposition rate were measured for 42 days with observations every 2 weeks. Litter released into the waters is measured by filtering litter when the sea water recedes. Carbon in the sediment was measured by taking sediment at a depth of 0-30 cm. Tree vegetation and saplings were dominated by Rhizophora mucronata and seedlings by Excoecaria agallocha. Carbon stock and carbon sequestration in Rambut Island mangrove forest were 278.60 tons/ha and 951.41 tons/ha, respectively. Carbon stock in sediment is 19.36 ton/ha. The amount of litter productivity and carbon potential are 2.741 g/m2/day and 9.72 g/m2/day. The fastest decomposition rate was achieved by Rhizophora mucronata, which was 0.191 g/day. The amount of litter released into the waters is 21.27 g/m3/day with a carbon content of 50.82%."

"Pulau Tidung merupakan salah satu destinasi pariwisata di Kepulauan Seribu dengan keindahan alam dan biota laut di dalamnya. Pada tahun 2020, Pulau Tidung mengalami penurunan wisatawan akibat pandemi COVID-19 yang melanda. Seiring berjalannya waktu, jumlah wisatawan pada tahun 2023 mengalami peningkatan dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya  berdasarkan warga lokal dan tour guide. Peningkatan jumlah wisatawan ini dikhawatirkan mampu mengakibatkan tekanan terhadap ekosistem lamun. Lamun merupakan tumbuhan berbunga (Angiospermae) yang hidup di air dan dapat berkembang pada perairan estuari dan dangkal. Penyerapan karbon merupakan salah satu peran dan fungsi lamun bagi eksosistem.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa struktur komunitas lamun pada tahun 2022 dan 2023, mengetahui estimasi kandungan karbon pada lamun serta mengorelasi karbon pada lamun dan karbon pada sedimen. Identifikasi lamun menggunakan metode transek kuadran dan dilakukan pada 4 stasiun pengamatan dan metode pengabuan atau Loss of Ignition untuk menghitung kandungan karbon pada lamun dan sedimen. Ditemukan lima spesies lamun di Pulau Tidung, antara lain Thalassia hemprichii, Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea rotundata, Syringodium isoetifolium, dan Halophila ovalis. Untuk menunjukkan perbandingan lamun antar tahun digunakan salah satu indeks struktur komunitas, yaitu nilai kerapatan. Nilai kerapatan lamun tahun 2022 sebesar 87,17 dan tahun 2023 sebesar 62,42. Selanjutnya didapatkan nilai estimasi kandungan karbon pada lamun, yaitu tahun 2022 memiliki rata-rata estimasi kandungan karbon ABG sebesar 176,74 gC/m2 dan BLG sebesar 258,36 gC/m2 dan tahun 2023 memiliki estimasi kandungan karbon ABG sebesar 127,43 gC/m2 dan BLG sebesar 187,16 gC/m2. Dilakukan Uji-T Independen untuk melihat perbedaan yang signifikan antar tahun. Hasil Uji-T pada kerapatan lamun 2022 dan 2023 memiliki nilai sig. 0,02 < 0,05 yang menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan signifikan sedangkan pada kandungan karbon lamun 2022 dan 2023 memiliki nilai sig, 0,09 > 0,05 yang menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan. Sebagian besar karbon pada lamun disimpan pada bagian substrat bawah. Maka dari itu dilakukan perhitungan pada kandungan karbon sedimen.Pada tahun 2022 persentase kandungan karbon organik di setiap stasiun memiliki kisaran 2,63%-3,93%. Pada tahun 2023 kisaran persentase kandungan karbon organik di setiap stasiun adalah 1,95%-2,42%. Dilakukan uji korelasi Spearman pada kandungan karbon substrat bawah lamun dan sedimen dan didapatkan hasil korelasi positif dengan nilai 0,98 dimana semakin tinggi kandungan karbon pada substrat bagian bawah lamun, maka semakin tinggi kandungan karbon pada sedimen di bawahnya.

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Tidung Island is one of the tourist destinations in the Thousand Islands with its natural beauty and marine life. In 2020, Tidung Island experienced a decrease in tourists due to the COVID-19 pandemic that hit. Over time, the number of tourists in 2023 has increased compared to the previous year based on residents and tour guides. The increase in the number of tourists is feared to cause pressure on the seagrass ecosystem. Seagrasses are flowering plants (Angiosperms) that live in water and can develop in estuaries and shallow waters. Carbon sequestration is one of the roles and functions of seagrass for the ecosystem. This study aims to analyze the structure of seagrass communities in 2022 and 2023, determine the estimated carbon content in seagrasses, and correlate carbon in seagrasses and sediments. Seagrass identification used the quadrant transect method and was carried out at four observation stations and the loss of ignition method to calculate carbon content in seagrass and sediment. Five seagrass species were found in Tidung Island, including Thalassia hemprichii, Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea rotundata, Syringodium isoetifolium, and Halophila ovalis. One of the community structure indices, namely density value, was used to show the seagrass comparison between years. The seagrass density value in 2022 amounted to 87.17 and in 2023 amounted to 62.42. Furthermore, the estimated value of carbon content in seagrass was obtained, namely, 2022 had an average estimated carbon content of ABG of 176.74 gC/m2 and BLG of 258.36 gC/m2 and 2023 had an estimated carbon content of ABG of 127.43 gC/m2 and BLG of 187.16 gC/m2. Independent T-Tests were conducted to see significant differences between years. The results of the T-test on seagrass density in 2022 and 2023 had a sig. 0.02 < 0.05 indicates a significant difference, while in seagrass carbon content 2022 and 2023 have a sig value, 0.09 > 0.05 indicates no significant difference. Most of the carbon in seagrass is stored in the lower substrate. In 2022, the percentage of organic carbon content at each station ranged from 2.63% to 3.93%. In 2023 the percentage range of organic carbon content at each station was 1.95% - 2.42%. Spearman correlation test was conducted on the carbon content of the seagrass bottom substrate and sediment and obtained positive correlation results with a value of 0.98, where the higher the carbon content in the seagrass bottom substrate, the higher the carbon content in the sediment below."

"Increased plastic waste in the environment, particularly in the mangrove forest of Pulau Rambut, Jakarta Bay, has the potential to affect the abundance of microplastics in the surrounding waters. Microplastics, which are very small in size (<5mm), can be accidentally ingested by marine organisms such as Terebralia palustris and have negative effects on marine life, the environment, and humans. This study aims to analyze the comparison of microplastic abundance in T.palustris and sediment in the mangrove forest of Pulau Rambut, Jakarta Bay, in 2022 and 2023, as well as to determine the correlation between microplastic abundance in T.palustris and sediment. Twenty samples of T.palustris and sediment were collected at four stations in 2022 and 2023. The body tissue of T.palustris was separated from its shell, then dissolved with HNO3 and added to saturated NaCl. Sediment samples were dissolved with saturated NaCl. Microplastic abundance was observed and calculated using a Sedgwick Rafter Chamber under a microscope. Four forms of microplastics were observed in the T. palustris and sediment samples, namely fibers, fragments, films, and granules. The results showed an increase in microplastic abundance from 2022 to 2023. In 2022, the microplastic abundance was 363,592 ± 11,511 particles/g in T. palustris and 66,69 ± 7,638 particles/g in sediment, while in 2023, it reached 406,574 ± 6,154 particles/g in T. palustris and 79,7 ± 12,992 particles/g in sediment. From 2022 to 2023, the abundance of microplastic in T.palustris (particle/g) increased by 5%, T.palustris (particle/individual) increased by 37%, and sediment by 19%. There is a positive correlation between the microplastic abundance of T.palustris and sediment, with value of 0,768 obtained from the Spearman correlation test.Increased plastic waste in the environment, particularly in the mangrove forest of Pulau Rambut, Jakarta Bay, has the potential to affect the abundance of microplastics in the surrounding waters. Microplastics, which are very small in size (<5mm), can be accidentally ingested by marine organisms such as Terebralia palustris and have negative effects on marine life, the environment, and humans. This study aims to analyze the comparison of microplastic abundance in T.palustris and sediment in the mangrove forest of Pulau Rambut, Jakarta Bay, in 2022 and 2023, as well as to determine the correlation between microplastic abundance in T.palustris and sediment. Twenty samples of T.palustris and sediment were collected at four stations in 2022 and 2023. The body tissue of T.palustris was separated from its shell, then dissolved with HNO3 and added to saturated NaCl. Sediment samples were dissolved with saturated NaCl. Microplastic abundance was observed and calculated using a Sedgwick Rafter Chamber under a microscope. Four forms of microplastics were observed in the T. palustris and sediment samples, namely fibers, fragments, films, and granules. The results showed an increase in microplastic abundance from 2022 to 2023. In 2022, the microplastic abundance was 363,592 ± 11,511 particles/g in T. palustris and 66,69 ± 7,638 particles/g in sediment, while in 2023, it reached 406,574 ± 6,154 particles/g in T. palustris and 79,7 ± 12,992 particles/g in sediment. From 2022 to 2023, the abundance of microplastic in T.palustris (particle/g) increased by 5%, T.palustris (particle/individual) increased by 37%, and sediment by 19%. There is a positive correlation between the microplastic abundance of T.palustris and sediment, with value of 0,768 obtained from the Spearman correlation test.

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Increased plastic waste in the environment, particularly in the mangrove forest of Pulau Rambut, Jakarta Bay, has the potential to affect the abundance of microplastics in the surrounding waters. Microplastics, which are very small in size (<5mm), can be accidentally ingested by marine organisms such as Terebralia palustris and have negative effects on marine life, the environment, and humans. This study aims to analyze the comparison of microplastic abundance in T.palustris and sediment in the mangrove forest of Pulau Rambut, Jakarta Bay, in 2022 and 2023, as well as to determine the correlation between microplastic abundance in T.palustris and sediment. Twenty samples of T.palustris and sediment were collected at four stations in 2022 and 2023. The body tissue of T.palustris was separated from its shell, then dissolved with HNO3 and added to saturated NaCl. Sediment samples were dissolved with saturated NaCl. Microplastic abundance was observed and calculated using a Sedgwick Rafter Chamber under a microscope. Four forms of microplastics were observed in the T. palustris and sediment samples, namely fibers, fragments, films, and granules. The results showed an increase in microplastic abundance from 2022 to 2023. In 2022, the microplastic abundance was 363,592 ± 11,511 particles/g in T. palustris and 66,69 ± 7,638 particles/g in sediment, while in 2023, it reached 406,574 ± 6,154 particles/g in T. palustris and 79,7 ± 12,992 particles/g in sediment. From 2022 to 2023, the abundance of microplastic in T.palustris (particle/g) increased by 5%, T.palustris (particle/individual) increased by 37%, and sediment by 19%. There is a positive correlation between the microplastic abundance of T.palustris and sediment, with value of 0,768 obtained from the Spearman correlation test."

"Pemanasan global dapat berasal dari gas rumah kaca, salah satunya adalah emisi karbon. DKI Jakarta menjadi salah satu wilayah di Indonesia yang memberikan dampak besar dalam peningkatan emisi karbon. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui potensi serapan dan cadangan karbon biomassa dan sedimen mangrove, pengaruh faktor lingkungan dan INP terhadap cadangan karbon mangrove, serta menganalisis spesies mangrove yang memiliki cadangan karbon tertinggi pada Pulau Rambut. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling untuk data vegetasi mangrove, cadangan karbon biomassa menggunakan DBH, dan cadangan karbon sedimen menggunakan metode pengambilan sampel tanah di kedalaman 0—30 cm. Cadangan karbon yang didapat akan dianalisis melalui analisis Spearman untuk melihat pengaruh dari faktor lingkungan dan INP. Potensi serapan dan cadangan karbon biomasa yang yang didapatkan masing-masing sebesar 14.233 ton/ha dan 3.878 ton/ha, sedangkan pada sedimen cadangan karbon dapat mencapai 14.929 ton/ha. Spesies mangrove yang teranalisis memiliki serapan dan cadangan karbon tertinggi adalah Rhizophora mucronata. Pengaruh cadangan karbon terhadap faktor lingkungan dan INP yaitu cadangan karbon tidak berkorelasi signifikan terhadap faktor lingkungan, namun berkorelasi signifikan terhadap INP pada setiap spesies mangrove.

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Global warming can come from greenhouse gases, one of which is carbon emissions. DKI Jakarta is one of the areas in Indonesia that has a big impact on increasing carbon emissions. The purpose of this study was to determine the absorption potential and carbon stocks of mangrove biomass and sediments, the influence of environmental factors and INP on mangrove carbon stocks, and to analyze the mangrove species that have the highest carbon stocks on Pulau Rambut. Data collection was carried out using a purposive sampling method for mangrove vegetation data, biomass carbon stocks using DBH, and sediment carbon stocks using soil sampling methods at a depth of 0–30 cm. The carbon stocks obtained will be analyzed through Spearman analysis to see the influence of environmental factors and INP. The potential absorption and carbon stocks of the biomass obtained are 14.233 tons/ha and 3.878 tons/ha, respectively, while in sediments the carbon stocks can reach 14.929 tons/ha. The mangrove species analyzed with the highest carbon absorption and stock was Rhizophora mucronata. The effect of carbon stocks on environmental factors and INP is that carbon stocks do not have a significant correlation with environmental factors, but are significantly correlated with INP in each mangrove species."

"Berbagai macam senyawa pencemar dapat dengan mudah masuk ke wilayah laut, salah satunya melalui buangan limbah dari kapal. Limbah kapal berupa asap dan buangan minyak, tentu dapat merusak ekosistem laut. Salah satu senyawa pencemar yang dapat terlepas ke laut dari limbah kapal yaitu Polyclic Aromatic Hydrocabon (PAH). PAH seperti naftalena, benzo[a]pirena dan dibenzo[a,h]anthrasena dikategorikan sebagai senyawa karsinogenik bagi manusia berdasarkan International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keberadaan dan korelasi senyawa naftalena yang terdapat pada sedimen dan gonad bulu babi Diadema setosum di Pulau Rambut, Pulau Semak Daun, dan Pulau Damar Besar. Sampel diambil dari masing masing arah mata angin yang berbeda di pulau sebanyak tiga individu dan tiga titik sedimen di tempat bulu babi berasal. Analisis senyawa PAH dilakukan dengan mengekstrak sampel. Sampel dikering-bekukan terlebih dahulu menggunakan alat Freeze-dry Büchi Lyovapor. Sampel kemudian dimaserasi menggunakan pelarut n-heksana dan diuapkan menggunakan alat Rotary Evaporator Büchi R-100. Ekstrak akan dianalisis menggunakan Ultra High Performance Liquid Chormatography. Seluruh sampel baik sedimen dan gonad mengandung naftalena dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda-beda. Konsentrasi naftalena tertinggi berada di bagian selatan kedua pulau. Konsentrasi naftalena pada sedimen di Pulau Rambut sebesar 11,72 ppm sedangkan untuk gonad sebesar 6,83 ppm. Konsentrasi naftalena pada sedimen di Pulau Damar Besar sebesar 3,13 ppm, sedangkan untuk gonad sebesar 4,71 ppm. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara konsentrasi naftalena yang berada di sedimen dengan di gonad.

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Various kinds of pollutant such as waste disposal from ships can certainly damage the marine ecosystem. One of the pollutants that can be released into the sea from ship waste is Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocabon (PAH). Content of PAHs such as naphthalene, benzo [a] pyrene and dibenzo [a, h] anthracene are categorized as carcinogenic compounds for humans based on the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). This study aimed to determine the existence and correlation between naphthalene compounds found in sediments and gonads of Diadema setosum sea urchins in Rambut Island, Semak Daun Island, and Damar Besar Island. Samples were taken from each stations with different wind directions on the island as many as three individuals and three sediment points where the sea urchins found. Analysis of naphthalene compounds was done by extracting the sample. Before extracting, samples were frozen using the Freeze-dry Büchi Lyovapor. The samples were macerated using n-hexane solvent and evaporated using the Rotary Evaporator Büchi R-100. The extraction results were analyzed using Ultra High Performance Liquid Chormatography. Both of sediment and gonad samples contain naphthalene with different concentrations. The highest concentration of naphthalene in Rambut Island sediment was 11,72 ppm whereas for the gonads it was 6,83 ppm, meanwhile in Damar Besar Island sediment was 3,13 ppm, while for the gonads was 4,71 ppm. There is no correlation between the concentration of naphthalene in the sediment and the gonad."

"Mangrove memiliki kemampuan menyimpan dan menyerap karbon dalam biomassa hidup maupun mati, dan sedimen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya produktivitas serasah, besar serasah yang dilepas ke perairan, laju dekomposisi serasah, potensi karbon yang dapat diserap dan disimpan oleh hutan mangrove Pulau Rambut. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan September-November 2020 dan Maret-Juni 2021. Metode pengambilan data terkait komposisi vegetasi dan stok karbon menggunakan purposive sampling dan dihitung dengan persamaan allometrik. Produktivitas serasah dan laju dekomposisi diukur selama 42 hari dengan pengamatan setiap 2 minggu sekali. Serasah yang dilepas ke perairan diukur dengan menyaring serasah ketika air laut surut. Karbon pada sedimen diukur dengan mengambil sedimen pada kedalaman 0—30 cm. Vegetasi pohon dan pancang didominasi oleh Rhizophora mucronata dan semai oleh Excoecaria agallocha. Stok karbon dan serapan karbon pada hutan mangrove Pulau Rambut sebesar 278,60 ton/ha dan 951,41 ton/ha. Stok karbon pada sedimen sebesar 19,36 ton/ha. Besarnya produktivitas serasah dan potensi karbonnya sebesar 2,741 g/m2/hari dan 9,72 g/m2/hari. Laju dekomposisi paling cepat diraih oleh Rhizophora mucronata yaitu 0,191 g/hari. Besar serasah yang dilepas ke perairan adalah 21,27 g/m3/hari dengan kandungan karbon sebesar 50,82%.

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Mangroves have the ability to store and absorb carbon in living and dead biomass, and sediments. This study aims to determine the amount of litter productivity, the amount of litter released into the waters, the rate of litter decomposition, the potential for carbon that can be absorbed and stored by the Rambut Island mangrove forest. The research was conducted from September-November 2020 and March-June 2021. Methods of collecting data related to the composition of vegetation and carbon stock using purposive sampling and calculated by allometric equations. Litter productivity and decomposition rate were measured for 42 days with observations every 2 weeks. Litter released into the waters is measured by filtering litter when the sea water recedes. Carbon in the sediment was measured by taking sediment at a depth of 0-30 cm. Tree vegetation and saplings were dominated by Rhizophora mucronata and seedlings by Excoecaria agallocha. Carbon stock and carbon sequestration in Rambut Island mangrove forest were 278.60 tons/ha and 951.41 tons/ha, respectively. Carbon stock in sediment is 19.36 ton/ha. The amount of litter productivity and carbon potential are 2.741 g/m2/day and 9.72 g/m2/day. The fastest decomposition rate was achieved by Rhizophora mucronata, which was 0.191 g/day. The amount of litter released into the waters is 21.27 g/m3/day with a carbon content of 50.82%."

"Keberadaan mikroplastik telah mencemari dan mengganggu perairan di wilayah Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbandingan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada lamun Cymodocea rotundata, sedimen, dan air Pulau Rambut, Teluk Jakarta tahun 2022 dan 2023. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di tiga stasiun Pulau Rambut (Timur, Selatan, dan Barat).  Sampel diambil sebanyak delapan individu lamun per stasiun, sedimen, dan air dengan metode random sampling.  Sampel lamun dipotong sepanjang 2 cm lalu dikerik, sedimen dikeringkan lalu diberikan larutan jenuh NaCl, dan sempel air diberikan NaCl kemudian seluruh sampel diamati dibawah mikroskop. Rata-rata kelimpahan mikroplastik lamun C. rotundata pada tahun 2022 sebesar 42 partikel/cm dan pada tahun 2023 sebesar 44,46 partikel/cm. Rata-rata kelimpahan mikroplastik pada sedimen tahun 2022 sebesar 73,53 partikel/g dan pada tahun 2023 sebesar  79,56 partikel/g. Kelimpahan mikroplastik pada sampel air tahun 2022 sebesar 51,33 partikel/L dan pada tahun 2023 sebesar 53,78 partikel/L. Uji Korelasi Spearman menjelaskan bahwa kelimpahan mikroplastik sampel lamun dengan sedimen, air dengan sedimen, dan lamun dengan air memiliki korelasi positif yang kuat. Hasil Uji-T menyatakan terdapat perbedaan tidak signifikan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada lamun C. rotundata (sig. (2-tailed) 0,182>0,05) dan terdapat perbedaan signifikan kelimpahan mikroplastik sedimen tahun 2022 dan 2023 (sig. (2-tailed) 0,007<0,05). Hasil uji ATR-FTIR didapatkan kandungan polimer CA, ABS, HDPE, PMMA, PVC, dan PET pada sampel daun lamun C. rotundata.

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The existence of microplastics has polluted and disturbed the waters in Indonesian territory. This research compared the abundance of microplastics i Cymodocea rotundata seagrass, sediment, and water on Rambut Island, Seribu Islands, Jakarta, in 2022 and 2023. Samples were taken as many as eight individuals of seagrass per station, sediment, and water by random sampling method.  The seagrass samples were cut 2 cm long and scraped, the sediment was dried and then given a saturated solution of NaCl, and the water sample was given NaCl. Then all samples were observed under a microscope. The average microplastic abundance of C. rotundata seagrass leaves in 2022 was 42 particles/cm and in 2023, it was 4.46 particles/cm. The average abundance of microplastics in sediments in 2022 was 73.53 particles/g and in 2023, it was 79.56 particles/g. The abundance of microplastics in water samples in 2022 was 51.33 particles/L and in 2023, it was 53.78 particles/L. The Spearman Correlation Test explains that the microplastic abundance of seagrass with sediment, water with sediment, and seagrass with water samples had a strong correlation. The results of the T-test stated that there was no significant difference in the abundance of microplastics in seagrass leaves of C. rotundata (sig. (2-tailed) 0.182>0.05) and there was a significant difference in the abundance of microplastics in sediments in 2022 and 2023 (sig. (2-tailed) 0.007<0.05). The results of the ATR-FTIR test found the polymer content of CA, ABS, HDPE, PMMA, PVC, and PET in C. rotundata seagrass samples."