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"Emisi atau residu pembakaran kendaraan merupakan sumber utama terjadinya polusi udara di wilayah urban, salah satunya adalah Particulate Matter (PM). Berdasarkan ukurannya, PM terbagi menjadi dua, yaitu PM10 dan PM2,5. Keberadaan polutan tersebut dapat ditangkap oleh tumbuhan, salah satunya adalah lumut Sphagnum cuspidatum. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui perbedaan kadar PM pada lumut S. cuspidatum yang ditransplantasikan di beberapa lokasi dengan jumlah volume kendaraan yang berbeda, serta mengetahui adanya korelasi lingkungan abiotik terhadap kadar PM pada lumut S. cuspidatum yang ditransplantasikan. Metode biomonitoring yang digunakan, yaitu transplantasi lumut menggunakan moss bag. Lumut S. cuspidatum diukur kadar PM sebelum dipaparkan di lokasi paparan dengan jumlah volume kendaraan yang berbeda. Selanjutnya, 0,5 gram lumut S. cuspidatum ditimbang dan dimasukkan ke dalam moss bag yang terbuat dari kantong nilon. Lokasi paparan dalam penelitian, yaitu tepi jalan UI, tepi jalan Kabeda, dan tepi jalan Juanda. Ketiga lokasi tersebut merepresentasikan lokasi tepi jalan dengan tingkat volume kendaraan rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Waktu paparan selama 5 minggu atau 35 hari. Berat PM diperoleh dari selisih berat kertas saring akhir dengan berat kertas saring awal. Kadar PM dihitung dengan membagi berat PM dan berat kering lumut. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah uji Kruskal-Wallis dan uji korelasi Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar PM10 dan PM2,5 yang tertangkap oleh lumut S. cuspidatum yang ditransplantasikan di lokasi urban Juanda memiliki nilai rata-rata tertinggi. Hal tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa lokasi urban Juanda memiliki tingkat polusi udara paling tinggi, sehingga kualitas udara di lokasi tersebut lebih rendah dibanding lokasi urban Beji UI dan Kabeda. Selain itu, parameter lingkungan abiotik seperti suhu udara, kelembapan udara, kecepatan angin, volume kendaraan, AQI level, konsentrasi PM10 dan PM2,5 di udara berkorelasi terhadap kadar PM yang tertangkap pada lumut S. cuspidatum.

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Emissions or residues of vehicle combustion is the main source of air pollution in urban areas, one of which is Particulate Matter (PM). Based on its size, PM is divided into two, namely PM10 and PM2.5. The existence of these pollutants can be captured by plants, one of which is the moss Sphagnum cuspidatum. The aim of the study to determine differences in PM levels in S. cuspidatum moss transplanted at several locations with different vehicle volumes and to determine whether there was a correlation between abiotic environment and PM levels in transplanted S. cuspidatum moss. The biomonitoring method used is moss transplantation using a moss bag. PM levels of S. cuspidatum were measured before being exposed at the exposure location with different vehicle volumes. Next, 0.5 grams of S. cuspidatum moss was weighed and put into a moss bag made of nylon bags. Locations of exposure in the study, namely the UI roadside, Kabeda roadside, and Juanda roadside. These three locations represent roadside locations with low, medium, and high vehicle volume levels. Exposure time for 5 weeks or 35 days. The PM weight was obtained from the difference between the final filter paper weight and the initial filter paper weight. The PM content was calculated by dividing the PM weight and the dry weight of the moss. The statistical analysis used was the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Pearson correlation test. The results showed that the levels of PM10 and PM2.5 caught by S. cuspidatum moss transplanted at the Juanda urban location had the highest average values. This indicates that the urban location of Juanda has the highest level of air pollution so the air quality in that location is lower than the urban locations of Beji UI and Kabeda. In addition, abiotic environmental parameters such as air temperature, air humidity, wind speed, vehicle volume, AQI level, PM10, and PM2.5 concentrations in the air correlate with PM levels captured in S. cuspidatum moss."

"ABSTRAKPencemaran udara yang mengandung Particulate Matter (PM) baik dalam jangkapanjang maupun pendek telah diketahui dapat menyebabkan kematian dan efekkesehatan terutama pada jantung serta paru-paru. Polisi Satgatur Polda Metro Jayamerupakan salah satu pekerja yang terpajan akan pencemaran udara tersebut. Makadari itu penulis melakukan penelitian pada Polisi Satgatur Polda Metro Jaya untukmengetahui gambaran konsentrasi pajanan PM 10 dan 2,5 yang berasal daripencemaran udara terutama hasil pembakaran kendaraan bermotor di Pos PolisiHarmoni, Bundaran HI dan Bundaran Senayan. Metode yang digunakan dalampenelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan analisis Gravimetri untuk mengetahuikonsentrasi dari partikulat. Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini yaitu konsentrasiPM 2,5 dan 10 terbesar di Bundaran Senayan pada shift 1 disaat hari kerja dan jikadibandingkan dengan standar ACGIH, NIOSH dan OSHA belum melebihi nilaiambang batas. Akan tetapi jika dibandingkan dengan WHO, sudah melebihi nilaiambang batas.

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ABSTRACTAir pollution which contained Particulate Matter (PM) both the short and long termhas been known to cause deaths and health effects especially on the heart and lungs.Police Satgatur Polda Metro Jaya is one of the workers who can be exposure.Therefore, this study talked about overview of particulate matter 2,5 and 10 personalexposure which came from air pollution especially gas emissions from motor vehiclesin Police Station Harmoni, Bundaran HI and Bundaran Senayan. The method whichis used in this research is to use Gravimetry analysis to determine the concentration ofparticulates. Results obtained at a biggest concentration of PM 2,5 and 10 is inBundaran Senayan on shift 1 while weekday and if compared to ACGIH, NIOSH andOSHA has not exceeded the quality standards. But if compared to WHO, hasexceeded the quality standards."

"Kejadian penyakit merupakan hasil hubungan interaktif antara manusia dan perilakunya serta komponen lingkungan yang memiliki potensi penyakit (Achmadi, 2014). Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat hubungan konsentrasi PM2.5 terhadap kejadian Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) pedagang di Terminal Bus Senen. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan konsentrasi PM2.5 mencapai 219 µg/m3. Didapatkan pedagang dengan ISPA sebesar 28% dari 93 sampel. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara lama kerja dengan kejadian ISPA (p=0,027). Tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara paparan PM2.5 , umur, status gizi, status merokok dan durasi kerja. Selanjutnya diperlukan pemantauan uji emisi kendaraan dan pemantauan kualitas udara.

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Disease events are the result of interactive relationships between humans and their behavior and environmental components that have potential diseases (Achmadi, 2014).. This study aims to look at the correlation between PM2.5 with Incident Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) at Merchant of Terminal Bus Senen. The results of this study showed PM2.5 concentration reached 219 µg/m3. Acute Respiratory Infection was found 28% of 93 samples. There were significant correlation between the length of work and the incidence of ARI (p = 0.027). There were no significant correlation was found with PM2.5 exposure, age, nutritional status, smoking status and duration of work. Furthermore, monitoring of vehicle emission testing and air quality monitoring."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur dan menganalisis konsentrasi pajanan personal PM2.5 pada pekerja Dinas Perhubungan yang bekerja di Terminal Terpadu Kota Depok pada tahun 2015, dengan menggunakan desain studi deskriptif. Pengukuran konsentrasi pajanan personal PM2.5 dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat ukur Leland Legacy Pump dan Sioutas Cascade Impactor. Pengukuran dilakukan selama 8 jam per hari dalam waktu 7 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukan konsentrasi pajanan personal PM2.5 pada pekerja dishub yang bekerja di lapangan lebih tinggi dari pada yang bekerja di bagian administrasi (dalam ruangan), meskipun keduanya sama-sama sudah melebihi nilai ambang batas (NAB) yang ditetapkan oleh WHO (25 μg/m3), US-EPA (35 μg/m3), dan Peraturan Pemerintah RI No.41 tahun 1999 (65 μg/m3). Selain itu, kualitas udara di lingkungan luar dan dalam terminal juga sudah berada pada kategori yang tidak sehat.

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ABSTRACTThis study purposed to measure and analyze personal exposure concentrations of PM2.5 at the Department of Transportation (DISHUB) workers who work in Integrated Terminal Depok City in 2015, with using descriptive design study. The concentrations measurement of PM2.5 personal exposure is using Leland Legacy Pump and Personal Sampling Sioutas Cascade Impactor. This measurement was performed for 8 hours per day within 7 days. The results showed personal exposure concentrations of PM2.5 on Department of Transportation (DISHUB) workers who work in the field (outdoor) is higher than those working in administration (indoor), although both results are already exceeding the threshold level value (TLV) from WHO (25 μg/m3), US-EPA (35 μg/m3), and Indonesian Government Regulation (PP RI No. 41/1999) (65 μg/m3). In addition, the air quality at outside and inside the bus terminal are also in the unhealthy category."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat hubungan konsentrasi PM2,5 udara ambien terhadap gangguan fungsi paru pada pedagang tetap di Terminal Kampung Rambutan Kota Jakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan PM2,5 ambien mencapai 89 μg/m3. Didapatkan proporsi gangguan paru sebesar 79% (tipe retrikstif 73% dan campuran resktriktif dan obstruktif 6%) dari 68 responden. Tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara konsentrasi PM2,5 dengan gangguan fungsi paru pada pedagang di Terminal Kampung Rambutan (p value= 0,215, CI: 0,555-13,700). Ditemukan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara status merokok (p=0,015) dan waktu kerja (p value = 0,047) dengan gangguan fungsi paru. Tidak terdapat satupun faktor lain seperti riwayat penyakit, durasi kerja, umur dengan kejadian gangguan fungsi paru pada pedagang di Terminal Kampung Rambutan. Selanjutnya diperlukan adanya perbaikan lingkungan terminal, perubahan perilaku merokok dan kerjasama multisektor terkait pencegahan penyakit.

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This study aims to determine the relationship between ambient air PM2.5 concentrations to impaired lung function among sellers at Kampung Rambutan Bus Station, Jakarta City. The results showed ambient PM2.5 reached 89 μg / m3. The proportion of impaired lung function was 79% of 68 respondents (restrictive type 73% and restrictive and obstructive mixture 6%). There was no significant relationship between PM2.5 concentration and impaired lung function in Kampung Rambutan Bus Station seller (p value = 0.215, CI: 0.555-13,700). It was found there is significant relationship between smoking status (p = 0.015) and work time (p value = 0.047) with impaired lung function. There were no other factors such as disease history, duration of work, and age with the occurrence of impaired lung function among sellers at Kampung Rambutan Bus Station. Furthermore, it is necessary to improve the terminal environment, change smoking behavior and multisector cooperation related to disease prevention."

"Tesis ini membahas hubungan antara pajanan polusi udara yakni particulate matter (PM)2,5 dan jumlah koloni bakteri udara dalam ruang kelas terhadap gangguan fungsi paru pada siswa tiga sekolah dasar yang ada di Jakarta Barat. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif yang berdesain cross-sectional, dengan variabel lainnya yakni umur, jenis kelamin, aktivitas fisik, status gizi, kepadatan siswa, ventilasi, suhu dan kelembaban ruang kelas. Metode penelitian menggunakan alat ukur Haz-Dust EPAM 5000 untuk pengukuran PM2,5, MAS 100 NT untuk pengukuran total koloni bakteri, dan spirometri untuk pengukuran fungsi paru, serta kuesioner untuk pengukuran variabel lainnya. Hasil penelitian yakni ada hubungan yang signifikan antara konsentrasi PM2,5 terhadap gangguan fungsi paru namun tidak ditemukan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara jumlah koloni bakteri udara dalam ruang dengan gangguan fungsi paru. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian menyarankan kepada sekolah agar dapat memperbaiki kualitas kesehatan siswa dengan cara memantau dan mengimplementasikan gerakan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat di sekolah, kemudian diharapkan agar program sekolah sehat dapat ditingkatkan dengan memberikan promosi kesehatan kepada siswa di lingkungan sekolah, dapat bekerja sama dengan badan lingkungan hidup terkait pengendalian pencemaran udara di sekolah dengan cara melakukan pengukuran polusi udara di sekolah untuk mengetahui tingkat risiko dari pajanan yang dihasilkan di area sekolah.

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This study discusses the relationship between exposure about (particulate matter) PM2,5 and the number of airborne bacterial colonies in classrooms to lung function disorders in students in three elementary schools in West Jakarta. This research is quantitative cross-sectional design, with other variables like age, gender, physical activity, nutritional status, student density, ventilation, temperature and humidity of the classroom. Measurement of PM2,5 using Haz-Dust EPAM 5000, measurement of total colony bacteria using MAS 100 NT and lung function with spirometry, and also questionnaires. The results of the study were that there was a significant relationship between PM2.5 concentration and lung function disorders but no significant association was found between the number of airborne bacterial colonies in classroom and lung function disorders. Based on the results of the study suggest suggest that schools can improve the quality of students health by monitoring and implementing healthy clean behavioral movements in schools, healthy school programs can be improved by providing health promotion to students in the school environment, can work with environmental agencies related to control air pollution in schools to determine the level of risk of exposure generated in the school area."

"[ABSTRAKPM2,5 merupakan salah satu indikator adanya pencemaran udara dalamruang (indoor air pollution). Indonesia termasuk peringkat kelima jumlah kasus TBterbesar di dunia, dan Kota Cirebon merupakan kota dengan angka penemuan kasusTB paru tertinggi di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untukmenganalisis hubungan PM2,5 di udara ruang dalam rumah dengan kejadian TBparu BTA positif di Kota Cirebon.Disain penelitian ini adalah kasus kontrol. Kriteria kasus adalah penderitabaru TB Paru yang berusia minimal 15 tahun dan hasil pemeriksaan sputum positifberdasarkan konfirmasi laboratorium Puskesmas periode November 2014 s/d April2015 serta bertempat tinggal di Kota Cirebon. Kriteria kontrol adalah tetanggaterdekat kasus yang tidak menderita TB paru, tidak memiliki gejala klinis mirip TBparu berdasarkan konfirmasi dari petugas puskesmas setempat, berusia minimal 15tahun dan bertempat tinggal di Kota Cirebon. Total jumlah sampel adalah 168responden dengan jumlah kasus adalah 84 responden, dan kontrol 84 responden.Konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara ruang dalam rumah berpengaruh terhadapkejadian TB paru BTA positif di Kota Cirebon (OR 7,034; 95% CI 3,570 ? 13,860).Variabel lainnya yang signifikan adalah jenis kelamin (OR 3,947; 95% CI 2,026-7,692), lama berada di rumah (OR 2,682; 95% CI 1,430 ? 5,028), jenis bahan bakarmemasak (OR 3,260; 95% CI 1,116-9,523), status merokok (OR 3,034; 95% CI1,446 ? 6,365), jenis atap rumah (OR 3,713; 95% CI 1,945 ? 7,089), dan lajuventilasi kamar (OR 2,493; 95% CI 1,264 ? 4,918). Hasil analisis multivariatdengan regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi PM2,5 dalam rumahberhubungan dengan kejadian TB paru BTA positif (OR adjusted 6,14; 95% CI2,904-12,975) dikontrol oleh variabel jenis kelamin, jenis atap rumah, dan lajuventilasi kamar. Masih banyak rumah yang belum dilengkapi jendela atauventilasinya kurang, atap rumah tidak dilengkapi oleh langit-langit, sehingga masihbanyak rumah yang tidak memenuhi kriteria rumah sehat. Diperlukan upayapeningkatan pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat tentang kriteria rumah sehat,dan masyarakat agar menjaga pola perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat, termasuk tidakmerokok.

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ABSTRACTPM2,5 is one indicator of indoor air pollution. Indonesia is the fifth largestnumber of TB cases in the world, and the city of Cirebon is a city with the highestrate of pulmonary TB case detection in West Java province. The purpose of thisstudy was to analyze the relationship between PM2,5 in the indoor air and theincidence of smear-positive pulmonary TB in the city of Cirebon.The design of this study was a case-control. Cases criteria were patientswith TB minimum age 15 years old and had positive sputum test confirmed withpublic health care laboratory test from November 2014 to April 2015 and lived inCirebon City. Controls criteria were the nearest neighbor not suffering TB and hadno clinical symptomps similar to TB confirmed by the local public health centreofficials, at least 15 years old and resides in Cirebon city. The total number ofsamples is 168 respondents by the number of cases is 84 respondents, and 84control respondents.PM2,5 concentration in the indoor air affected the incidence of smearpositivepulmonary TB in Cirebon city (OR 7.034; 95% CI 3.570 to 13.860).Significant other variables are gender (OR 3.947; 95% CI 2.026 to 7.692), indoorstayperiod (OR 2.682; 95% CI 1.430 to 5.028), the type of cooking fuel (OR 3.260;95% CI 1.116 to 9.523), smoking status (OR 3.034; 95% CI 1.446 to 6.365), typesof roofs (OR 3.713; 95% CI 1.945 to 7.089), and the ventilation rate of the room(OR 2.493; 95% CI 1.264 to 4.918). Results of multivariate analysis using logisticregression modeling showed that concentrations of PM2,5 in the indoor airassociated with the incidence of pulmonary TB smear positive (OR adjusted 6,14;95% CI 2.904 - 12.975) after being controlled by the variable gender, roof type ofthe house, and the ventilation rate of the room. There are still many homes are notequipped with a window or a lack of ventilation, the roof of the house is notcompleted by the ceiling, so there is still a lot of homes that do not meet the criteriafor a healthy home. Necessary efforts to increase knowledge and awareness aboutthe criteria of a healthy home, and the community to maintain a clean and healthylifestyle, including not smoking.;PM2,5 is one indicator of indoor air pollution. Indonesia is the fifth largestnumber of TB cases in the world, and the city of Cirebon is a city with the highestrate of pulmonary TB case detection in West Java province. The purpose of thisstudy was to analyze the relationship between PM2,5 in the indoor air and theincidence of smear-positive pulmonary TB in the city of Cirebon.The design of this study was a case-control. Cases criteria were patientswith TB minimum age 15 years old and had positive sputum test confirmed withpublic health care laboratory test from November 2014 to April 2015 and lived inCirebon City. Controls criteria were the nearest neighbor not suffering TB and hadno clinical symptomps similar to TB confirmed by the local public health centreofficials, at least 15 years old and resides in Cirebon city. The total number ofsamples is 168 respondents by the number of cases is 84 respondents, and 84control respondents.PM2,5 concentration in the indoor air affected the incidence of smearpositivepulmonary TB in Cirebon city (OR 7.034; 95% CI 3.570 to 13.860).Significant other variables are gender (OR 3.947; 95% CI 2.026 to 7.692), indoorstayperiod (OR 2.682; 95% CI 1.430 to 5.028), the type of cooking fuel (OR 3.260;95% CI 1.116 to 9.523), smoking status (OR 3.034; 95% CI 1.446 to 6.365), typesof roofs (OR 3.713; 95% CI 1.945 to 7.089), and the ventilation rate of the room(OR 2.493; 95% CI 1.264 to 4.918). Results of multivariate analysis using logisticregression modeling showed that concentrations of PM2,5 in the indoor airassociated with the incidence of pulmonary TB smear positive (OR adjusted 6,14;95% CI 2.904 - 12.975) after being controlled by the variable gender, roof type ofthe house, and the ventilation rate of the room. There are still many homes are notequipped with a window or a lack of ventilation, the roof of the house is notcompleted by the ceiling, so there is still a lot of homes that do not meet the criteriafor a healthy home. Necessary efforts to increase knowledge and awareness aboutthe criteria of a healthy home, and the community to maintain a clean and healthylifestyle, including not smoking., PM2,5 is one indicator of indoor air pollution. Indonesia is the fifth largestnumber of TB cases in the world, and the city of Cirebon is a city with the highestrate of pulmonary TB case detection in West Java province. The purpose of thisstudy was to analyze the relationship between PM2,5 in the indoor air and theincidence of smear-positive pulmonary TB in the city of Cirebon.The design of this study was a case-control. Cases criteria were patientswith TB minimum age 15 years old and had positive sputum test confirmed withpublic health care laboratory test from November 2014 to April 2015 and lived inCirebon City. Controls criteria were the nearest neighbor not suffering TB and hadno clinical symptomps similar to TB confirmed by the local public health centreofficials, at least 15 years old and resides in Cirebon city. The total number ofsamples is 168 respondents by the number of cases is 84 respondents, and 84control respondents.PM2,5 concentration in the indoor air affected the incidence of smearpositivepulmonary TB in Cirebon city (OR 7.034; 95% CI 3.570 to 13.860).Significant other variables are gender (OR 3.947; 95% CI 2.026 to 7.692), indoorstayperiod (OR 2.682; 95% CI 1.430 to 5.028), the type of cooking fuel (OR 3.260;95% CI 1.116 to 9.523), smoking status (OR 3.034; 95% CI 1.446 to 6.365), typesof roofs (OR 3.713; 95% CI 1.945 to 7.089), and the ventilation rate of the room(OR 2.493; 95% CI 1.264 to 4.918). Results of multivariate analysis using logisticregression modeling showed that concentrations of PM2,5 in the indoor airassociated with the incidence of pulmonary TB smear positive (OR adjusted 6,14;95% CI 2.904 - 12.975) after being controlled by the variable gender, roof type ofthe house, and the ventilation rate of the room. There are still many homes are notequipped with a window or a lack of ventilation, the roof of the house is notcompleted by the ceiling, so there is still a lot of homes that do not meet the criteriafor a healthy home. Necessary efforts to increase knowledge and awareness aboutthe criteria of a healthy home, and the community to maintain a clean and healthylifestyle, including not smoking.]"

"Pencemaran udara menjadi ancaman besar bagi masyarakat dunia. Salah satu indikator yang umum adalah Particulate Matter 2.5 atau PM 2.5. PM 2.5 merupakan polutan yang dapat masuk ke paru-paru bahkan sampai pada alveolus dan dapat berdifusi ke pembuluh darah. PM 2.5 juga dapat mengandung ataupun mengadsorpsi logam berat, gas beracun, virus, bakteri, dan zat berbahaya lainnya. Tingginya konsentrasi PM 2.5 dapat menimbulkan berbagai efek kesehatan pada manusia. Salah satu sumber PM 2.5 adalah transportasi. Sekolah yang lokasinya dekat dengan jalan raya berisiko terhadap pajanan PM 2.5 yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi risiko kesehatan terhadap pajanan PM 2.5 pada siswa dan guru yang bekerja di SDN Cisalak 1 Tahun 2024. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL) dari Bulan Maret-Mei 2024. Sampel pada penelitian ini terdiri dari 23 guru dan 63 siswa kelas 4 dan kelas 5. Pengukuran konsentrasi PM 2.5 dilakukan di 5 titik menggunakan alat DustTrak DRX 8533 selama 1 jam di tiap titiknya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata konsentrasi PM 2.5 di SDN Cisalak 1 adalah 0,208 mg/m3 atau 0,121 mg/m3 setelah dikonversi menjadi konsentrasi 24 jam. Konsentrasi tersebut masih berada di atas baku mutu Permenkes RI No. 2 Tahun 2023. Besar risiko secara realtime dan lifespan, baik pada siswa maupun guru secara keseluruhan menyatakan nilai RQ ≤ 1 yang artinya secara keseluruhan, siswa dan guru masih aman dari pajanan PM 2.5 dengan konsentrasi tidak lebih dari 0,208 mg/m3. Namun, jika dilakukan perhitungan secara individu, didapatkan sebanyak 4,48% dan 55,5% siswa berisiko terhadap pajanan PM 2.5 secara realtime dan lifespan. Sdangkan pada guru sebanyak 72,7% guru berisiko terhadap pajanan PM 2.5 secara lifespan selama 30 tahun. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meminimalisir risiko tersebut adalah dengan melakukan pembatasan pajanan melalui pembersihan ruang kelas secara rutin, penyortiran barang atau berkas, dan melakukan penghijauan di area sekolah.

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Air pollution is a major threat to world society. One common indicator is Particulate Matter 2.5 or PM 2.5. PM 2.5 is a pollutant that can enter the lungs and even reach the alveoli and can diffuse into the blood vessels. PM 2.5 can also contain or adsorb heavy metals, toxic gases, viruses, bacteria and other dangerous substances. High concentrations of PM 2.5 can cause various health effects in humans. One source of PM 2.5 is transportation. Schools that located close to highways have a high risk of PM 2.5 exposure. This study aims to estimate the health risk of exposure to PM 2.5 in students and teachers working at SDN Cisalak 1 in 2024. This research was conducted using the Environmental Health Risk Analysis (ARKL) method from March-May 2024. The sample in this study consisted of 23 teachers and 63 students in grades 4 and 5. PM 2.5 concentrations were measured at 5 points using a DustTrak DRX 8533 for 1 hour at each point. The results of this study show that the average PM 2.5 concentration at SDN Cisalak 1 is 0.208 mg/m3 or 0.121 mg/m3 after being converted to a 24 hour concentration. This concentration is still above the quality standards of  Permenkes RI No. 2 Tahun 2023. The overall RQ value, for both students and teachers, is RQ ≤ 1, which means that overall, students and teachers are still safe from exposure to PM 2.5 with a concentration of no more than 0.208 mg/m3. From individual calculations, the results showed that 4.48% and 55.5% of students were at risk of exposure to PM 2.5 in realtime and lifespan. Meanwhile, 72.7% of teachers are at risk of exposure to PM 2.5 over a lifespan of 30 years. To reduce exposure can be done by cleaning up the classrooms, sorting items or files, and planting trees in school area."

"Asma merupakan penyakit inflamasi saluran napas kronis yang ditandai dengan gejala pernapasan seperti mengi, dispnea, batuk, dan sesak dada. Selama pandemi Covid-19 (2020 – 2022) jumlah kasus asma di DKI Jakarta termasuk Jakarta Pusat mengalami penurunan jika dibandingkan dengan sebelum pandemi terjadi (2018-2019). Hal yang sama juga terjadi pada penurunan polusi udara (PM10) yang menjadi salah satu penyebab penyakit asma. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan konsentrasi PM10, suhu udara, kelembaban udara, dan curah hujan dengan jumlah kasus asma di Jakarta Pusat pada waktu sebelum (2018-2019) dan selama (2020-2022) pandemi Covid-19 dengan menggunakan desain studi ekologi time-trend. Metode analisis dilakukan dengan uji beda ≥ 2 rata-rata, uji korelasi, dan uji regresi linear berganda. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang berasal dari Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta, BMKG wilayah Kemayoran, dan website BMKG. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, terdapat perbedaan rata-rata kasus asma, konsentrasi PM10, dan curah hujan yang signifikan antara sebelum (2018-2019) dan selama (2020-2022) pandemi Covid-19 (p = 0,000; p = 0,023; p = 0,050). Selain itu, uji korelasi menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara konsentrasi PM10 (p = 0,156; r = 0210), suhu udara (p = 0,883; r = 0,019), kelembaban udara (p = 0,380; r = -0,115), curah hujan (p = 0,154; r = -0,186) dengan kasus asma seluruh tahun (2018-2022) di Jakarta Pusat. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini yaitu tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara konsentrasi PM10, suhu udara, kelembaban udara, dan curah hujan dengan kasus asma tahun 2018-2022.

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Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by respiratory symptoms such as wheezing, dyspnea, coughing and chest tightness. During the Covid-19 pandemic (2020-2022) the number of asthma cases in DKI Jakarta including Central Jakarta has decreased compared to before the pandemic occurred (2018-2019). The same thing also happened to the decrease in air pollution (PM10), which is one of the causes of asthma. This study aims to determine the relationship between PM10 concentration, air temperature, air humidity, and rainfall with the number of asthma cases in Central Jakarta before (2018-2019) and during (2020-2022) the Covid-19 pandemic using an ecological study design (time-trend). The method of analysis was carried out by means of ≥ 2 difference test, correlation test, and multiple linear regression test. This study used secondary data from the DKI Jakarta Provincial Health Office, the BMKG for the Kemayoran area, and the BMKG website. The results showed that there were significant differences in average asthma cases, PM10 concentrations, and rainfall before (2018-2019) and during (2020 – 2022) the Covid-19 pandemic (p = 0.000; p = 0.023; p = 0.050). In addition, the correlation test showed that there was no significant relationship between PM10 concentration (p = 0.156; r = 0210), air temperature (p = 0.883; r = 0.019), air humidity (p = 0.380; r = -0.115), rainfall (p = 0.154; r = -0.186) with asthma cases throughout the year (2018-2022) in Central Jakarta. The conclusion in this study is that there is no significant relationship between PM10 concentrations, air temperature, air humidity, and rainfall with asthma cases in 2018 – 2022."

"ABSTRAKSkripsi ini membahas mengenai dampak dari pajanan PM2,5 yang dihubungkan dengangejala Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis PPOK Eksaserbasi Akut pada pekerja diPelabuhan Tanjung Priok tahun 2018. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasi denganpendekatan cross-sectional dan dilakukan pada titik-titik kemungkinan pencemarantinggi terjadi yang melibatkan 75 responden. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwapajanan PM2,5 pada pelabuhan sudah melebihi kadar diberikan WHO yaitu 35 m/m3 danjumlah responden yang mengalami gejala PPOK Eksaserbasi Akut sudah berada di atasprevalensi PPOK DKI Jakarta, yaitu 1,6. Secara statistic, data menunjukkan tidak adakaitan antara PM2,5 dengan kejadian gejala PPOK Eksaserbasi Akut. Temuan inimenyarankan bahwa adanya perbaikan dari perilaku hidup pekerja dan pemberian APD yang tepat.

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ABSTRACTPollution of Particulate Matter2,5 or PM2,5 happens one of them caused by emission.According to studies, one of the places with highest activity that caused the release of thisemission in in ports. Port activities such as delivering goods to and from the port causedhigh amount of PM2,5 to be released to the air and it can affect field worker, one of themis Acute Exacerbation Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or AECOPD. The studyused observational design study with cross sectional approach to 75 field workers whomhad worked more than 1 year. The statistic showed that the PM2,5 level has exceededWHO limit of 35 m/m3 while showed that there is no significance between PM2,5 andAECOPD Symtomps. The study suggested that health behavior of the workers should bechanged, including using appropriate safety equipment."