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"This book investigates the susceptibility of intrinsic physically unclonable function (PUF) implementations on reconfigurable hardware to optical semi-invasive attacks from the chip backside. It explores different classes of optical attacks, particularly photonic emission analysis, laser fault injection, and optical contactless probing. By applying these techniques, the book demonstrates that the secrets generated by a PUF can be predicted, manipulated or directly probed without affecting the behavior of the PUF. It subsequently discusses the cost and feasibility of launching such attacks against the very latest hardware technologies in a real scenario. The author discusses why PUFs are not tamper-evident in their current configuration, and therefore, PUFs alone cannot raise the security level of key storage. The author then reviews the potential and already implemented countermeasures, which can remedy PUFs’ security-related shortcomings and make them resistant to optical side-channel and optical fault attacks. Lastly, by making selected modifications to the functionality of an existing PUF architecture, the book presents a prototype tamper-evident sensor for detecting optical contactless probing attempts."

"Nanophotonics has emerged rapidly into technological mainstream with the advent and maturity of nanotechnology available in photonics and enabled many new exciting applications in the area of biomedical science and engineering that were unimagined even a few years ago with conventional photonic engineering techniques. Handbook of Nanophotonics in Biomedical Engineering is intended to be a reliable resource to a wealth of information on nanophotonics that can inspire readers by detailing emerging and established possibilities of nanophotonics in biomedical science and engineering applications. This comprehensive reference presents not only the basics of nanophotonics but also explores recent experimental and clinical methods used in biomedical and bioengineering research. Each peer-reviewed chapter of this book discusses fundamental aspects and materials/fabrication issues of nanophotonics, as well as applications in interfaces, cell, tissue, animal studies, and clinical engineering. The organization provides quick access to current issues and trends of nanophotonic applications in biomedical engineering. All students and professionals in applied sciences, materials, biomedical engineering, and medical and healthcare industry will find this essential reference book highly useful."

"This book provides a comprehensive overview of the photonic sensing field by covering plasmonics, photonic crystal, and SOI techniques from theory to real sensing applications. A literature review of ultra-sensitive photonic sensors, including their design and application in industry, makes this a self-contained and comprehensive resource for different types of sensors, with high value to the biosensor sector in particular. The book is organized into four parts: Part I covers the basic theory of wave propagation, basic principles of sensing, surface plasmon resonance, and silicon photonics; Part II details the computational modeling techniques for the analysis and prediction of photonic sensors; Part III and Part IV cover the various mechanisms and light matter interaction scenarios behind the design of photonic sensors including photonic crystal fiber sensors and SOI sensors. This book is appropriate for academics and researchers specializing in photonic sensors; graduate students in the early and intermediate stages working in the areas of photonics, sensors, biophysics, and biomedical engineering; and to biomedical, environmental, and chemical engineers."

"This textbook is intended for a course in electromagnetism for upper undergraduate and graduate students. The main concepts and laws of classical macroscopic electrodynamics and initial information about generalized laws of modern electromagnetics are discussed, explaining some paradoxes of the modern theory. The reader then gets acquainted with electrodynamics methods of field analysis on the basis of wave equation solution. Emission physics are considered using an example of the Huygens-Fresnel-Kirchhoff canonic principle. The representation about strict electrodynamics task statement on the base of Maxwell equations, boundary conditions, emission conditions and the condition on the edge is given. Different classes of approximate boundary conditions are presented, which essentially simplify understanding of process physics. The canonic Fresnel functions are given and their generalization on the case of anisotropic impedance. The free waves in closed waveguides and in strip-slotted and edge-dielectric transmission lines are described. A large number of Mathcad programs for illustration of field patterns and its properties in different guiding structures are provided. The material is organized for self-study as well as classroom use."

"Instant Messaging is a powerful business communications tool, but it can get companies into a big mess - quickly. The "Instant Messaging Handbook" addresses the potentially costly legal, regulatory, productivity, security, training, and management challenges that IM brings to the workplace. This timely guide offers workable solutions for establishing and enforcing rules and policies, controlling IM content, deploying security and monitoring technology, maintaining employee productivity, and maximizing the business potential of IM technology. A best practices toolkit for workplace IM usage, the "Instant Messaging Handbook" will help employers keep their organizations out of harm's way, while giving employees access to a cutting-edge, productivity enhancing tool."

"Terapi Fotodinamik banyak digunakan dalam penyembuhan penyakit kanker. Dengan menginjeksikan cahaya laser dengan panjang gelombang 635 nm ke tubuh pasien yang telah diberikan photosensitizer drug maka cahaya laser tersebut akan mengaktifkan photosensitizer drug yang selanjutnya bereaksi dengan cara membunuh sel-sel kanker. Laser Semikonduktor sebagai sumber cahaya injeksi mulai banyak digunakan dalam terapi fotodinamik karena keunggulannya dibanding jenis laser yang lain terutama dari segi ukuran dan harga yang lebih murah. Dalam skripsi ini dilakukan simulasi dan perancangan laser semikonduktor yang sesuai dengan aplikasi terapi fotodinamik, diantaranya memiliki sudut divergensi far field yang besar dan daya keluaran yang bersifat single mode. Sudut divergensi far field yang besar mengindikasikan luasnya area penyinaran sehingga menambah tingkat efisiensi terapi penyinaran, sedangkan daya keluaran yang bersifat single mode dibutuhkan untuk menjamin tingkat keselamatan pasien karena tubuh (kulit, sel-sel danjaringan tubuh) bersifat sensitif terhadap sinar laser. Dari hasil simulasi didapat ketebalan optimal lapisan SCH 0,176 _m, lapisan cladding 0,85 _m, lebar maksimum lateral single mode daerah ridge 1,262 _m dan interval grating duty cycle (0,5-0,.6). Struktur ini menghasilkan nilai optical confinement factor 2,35 %, sudut keluaran cahaya (far field divergence) 45,1_, optical loss 0,01 cm-1 dan loss permukaan 21 cm-1."

"Ketidak efisienan fase optoelektronik pada penguat elektris menjadi alasan dikembangkannya sistem penguat optis Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA). Salah satu komponen utama pada sistem EDFA adalah pumping laser. Dioda laser dengan daya besar lebih diutamakan sebagai pumping source dikarenakan laser tersebut memungkinkan pemompaan atom-atom Erbium untuk medium penguatan yang berjarak jauh (sampai ratusan meter). Keluaran dari pumping source ini kemudian digandengkan dengan sinyal input sehingga nantinya akan menghasilkan sinyal output dengan intensitas cahaya yang lebih besar. Dalam skripsi ini dilakukan simulasi dan perancangan 980 nm ridge waveguide laser. Kondisi optimum tercapai ketika optical confinement factor memiliki nilai yang besar, optical loss kecil dan far field beam divergence pada FWHM yang kecil pula. Dari hasil simulasi didapat ketebalan optimal lapisan SCH 100 ?, lapisan cladding 1.5 _m dengan komposisi Al 60%, , lebar lateral single mode daerah ridge 2 _m. Struktur ini menghasilkan nilai optical confinement factor 6.12%, sudut keluaran cahaya (far field divergence) 10.63_, optical loss 9.52x10-11 cm-1.

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Repater?s optoelectronic unefficiency is the main reason why Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) system was found.. One important component of EDFA?s system is pumping laser. High power laser diode is preferable because it can pump Erbium electrons at the gain medium so that it will produce a high gain signal. This signal will be modulated with the input signal which makes the signal amplified. This final assignment explain about how to design 980 nm ridge waveguide laser and the optimalization of basic parameters. Optimum condition will be reached if high optical confinement factor value, small opticall loss and far field divergence accomplished. The simulation show that the optimum Separate Confinement Heterostructure layer thickness is 100 ?, cladding thickness 1.5 _m with Alumunium composition 60%, ridge single mode width 2 _m. This optimum structure produce optical confinement factor 6.12%, far field divergence 10.63_ and optical loss 9.52x10-11 cm-1."

"This book gathers the best papers presented at the Fourth Italian National Conference on Sensors, held in Catania, Italy, from 21 to 23 February 2018. The book represents an invaluable and up-to-the-minute tool, providing an essential overview of recent findings, strategies and new directions in the area of sensor research. Further, it addresses various aspects based on the development of new chemical, physical or biological sensors, assembling and characterization, signal treatment and data handling. Lastly, the book applies electrochemical, optical and other detection strategies to relevant issues in the food and clinical environmental areas, as well as industry-oriented applications."

"The volume presents high quality papers presented at the Second International Conference on Microelectronics, Computing & Communication Systems (MCCS 2017). The book discusses recent trends in technology and advancement in MEMS and nanoelectronics, wireless communications, optical communication, instrumentation, signal processing, image processing, bioengineering, green energy, hybrid vehicles, environmental science, weather forecasting, cloud computing, renewable energy, RFID, CMOS sensors, actuators, transducers, telemetry systems, embedded systems, and sensor network applications. It includes original papers based on original theoretical, practical, experimental, simulations, development, application, measurement, and testing. The applications and solutions discussed in the book will serve as a good reference material for future works."

"This book offers the reader a practical guide to the control and characterization of laser diode beams. Following a short introduction to the working principles of laser diodes, the book describes the basics of laser diode beams and beam propagation, including Zemax modeling of a Gaussian beam propagating through a lens. The core of the book is concerned with laser diode beam manipulations, collimating and focusing, circularization and astigmatism correction, coupling into a single mode optical fiber, diffractive optics and beam shaping, and manipulation of multi transverse mode beams. The final chapter of the book covers beam characterization methods, describing the measurement of spatial and spectral properties, including wavelength and linewidth measurement techniques. "