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"Pandemi Covid-19 yang melanda dunia berdampak pada seluruh aktivitas kehidupan, tidak terkecuali aktivitas politik. Pada masa pandemi Covid-19, Indonesia memiliki agenda politik yaitu pelaksanaan Pilkada 2020 yang awalnya ditetapkan dalam Undang-Undang akan dilaksanakan pada September 2020. Situasi pandemi berdampak pada penyelenggaraan pemilu yang harus disesuaikan agar keselamatan manusia tetap terjaga. Salah satunya berdampak pada regulasi yang mengatur pilkada tahun 2020. Penelitian ini fokus membahas proses politik dalam penetapan jadwal Pilkada 2020 masa Pandemi Covid-19 yang melibatkan berbagai stakeholder, yaitu KPU, Pemerintah, DPR, Satgas Covid-19, dan pegiat masyarakat sipil. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, pengambilan data dikumpulkan secara primer melalui wawancara mendalam, dan data sekunder berupa dokumen yang relevan. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu teori kebijakan publik yang digagas oleh William Dunn. Aplikasi teori kebijakan publik fokus pada dua tahap yaitu agenda setting dan formulasi kebijakan. Penelitian ini menemukan pada tahap agenda setting terdapat isu kesehatan, keberlanjutan kepemimpinan, anggaran, politisasi bantuan sosial dan partisipasi politik yang dimunculkan oleh stakeholders formal dan informal. Pada tahap formulasi kebijakan, Pemerintah, dalam hal ini, Kementerian Dalam Negeri merupakan aktor dominan dalam proses penetapan jadwal pelaksanaan Pilkada yang dimundurkan dari 22 September menjadi 9 Desember 2020. Hasil tersebut berimplikasi pada teori Dunn bahwa penetapan jadwal pilkada serentak 2020 pada tahap formulasi kebijakan tidak dilibatkannya stakeholders informal, karena kebijakan penetapan jadwal Pilkada Serentak 2020 hanya melibatkan stakeholder formal.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has hit the world and has had an impact on all activities of life, including political activities. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Indonesia has a political agenda, namely the implementation of Local Elections in 2020 which has been stipulated in the rule of law. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on political activities that must be adapted to the Covid-19 pandemic situation so that political activities can be carried out properly and human safety is maintained. This study aims to examine the political process of determining the schedule for the Local Election in 2020. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method, data collection uses primary data and secondary data, then is analyzed using data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The theory used in this research is the public policy theory initiated by William Dunn. The application of public policy theory focuses on two stages, namely agenda setting and policy formulation. The results showed that at the agenda setting stage, there were issues of health, leadership sustainability, budget, politicization of social assistance and political participation raised by formal and informal stakeholders. At the policy formulation stage, the Ministry of Home Affairs is the dominant actor who sets the schedule for the implementation of the Local Election on December 9, 2020. These results have implications for Dunn's theory that the determination of the Local Election schedule in 2020 at the policy formulation stage does not involve informal stakeholders, because the policy for setting the Local Election schedule in 2020 only involves formal stakeholders.

"

"Di Indonesia, broker politik memiliki posisi yang strategis dalam pemilu akibat lemahnya institusi partai politik dan bergantungnya politisi kepada jaringan-jaringan personalnya. Akan tetapi, pembelotan broker masih menjadi masalah yang dihadapi para politisi. Kasus di Pilkada Kota Cilegon Tahun 2020 menunjukkan bagaimana Sahruji sebagai seorang clientelist broker membelot dari dinasti politik Aat Syafaat. Menggunakan Teori Pembelotan Broker Politik oleh Aspinall (2014), penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mengapa clientelist broker membelot dari politisi dengan prospek kemenangan tinggi ke politisi dengan prospek kemenangan yang lebih rendah. Penelitian ini berargumen bahwa pembelotan clientelist broker dipengaruhi oleh motivasi patronase yang ia inginkan dan melemahnya hubungan hierarkis dengan patronnya. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terdapat pelemahan hubungan hierarkis antara broker dengan patron-nya yang menjadi faktor penunjang pembelotan, serta adanya faktor penentu di mana clientelist broker membelot kepada politisi yang bisa menyediakan patronase yang ia inginkan. Dalam kasus ini, clientelist broker memiliki motivasi untuk menguasai institusi partai demi memperkuat pengaruh politiknya. Untuk itu, dapat dianalisis bahwa konteks lemahnya institusi partai membuat clientelist broker yang ingin menguasai partai lebih bergantung kepada elit partai yang berkuasa dibandingkan politisi dengan prospek kemenangan tinggi dalam pemilu. Kesimpulan yang didapat adalah bahwa clientelist broker akan mendukung politisi patron manapun yang dapat mewujudkan keinginannya, baik di lingkup pemerintahan atau nonpemerintahan. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bagaimana hubungan antara clientelist broker dan partai politik pada konteks budaya politik informal dapat bersifat kompatibel di mana keduanya bisa saling menguntungkan.

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In Indonesia, political brokers have a strategic position in an election due to weak political party institutions and politicians’ reliance on their personal networks. However, political brokers defection is still a problem that every politician must face. The case in Cilegon City 2020 Regional Head Election shows how Sahruji as a clientelist broker defected from Aat Syafaat’s political dynasty. Using the Theory of Political Broker’s Defection by Aspinall (2014), this research aims to analyze why do clientelist broker defects from an electorally strong prospected candidate to an electorally weak prospected candidate. This research argues that clientelist broker defection is affected by the broker’s patronage demand and the weakening hierarchy relationship with the patron. This research found that the hierarchy relationship between broker and the patron is weakening which creating the supporting factor of defection, and there is a determinant factor where clientelist broker defects to the politician who can provide the patronage he pursue. In this case, clientelist brokers have the motivation to rule party institutions in order to strengthen their political influence. Thus, we can analyze that the context of weak party institution turns the clientelist broker who seeks to rule a party to be more dependent on party elites rather than the electorally strong prospected candidate in the election. This research concludes that clientelist broker will support any political patron who can deliver their demands, whether in government or non-government area. Furthermore, this research shows how the relationship between clientelist broker and political party within informal politics context could be compatible where both sides are mutually beneficial."

"This thesis discusses the Spatial Analysis of the 2020 Depok City Regional Head Election. The source of the data was taken from the results of the 2020 Depok City Regional Head Election in the form of the number 2 contestant vote, population demographic data in the same year. This research uses quantitative methods with GeoDa applications. The purpose of this study analyzes the spatial distribution in each village, demographic factors and voter behavior and to determine the spatial influence on each contestant. The results of this study showed that contestant number 2 only had 30 village bases, but won absolutely in 53 villages. The factor of novice voters and voters with high school education level and above, affects the victory of contestant number 2. Other factors that influence victory are the quality of voters and the contestant's capabilities, the candidate's vision and mission, work program, government experience, contestant's level of education. Further research can be deepened by testing other demographic variables such as gender, socioeconomics, characteristics of commuter workers, both qualitatively and quantitatively.

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This thesis discusses the Spatial Analysis of the 2020 Depok City Regional Head Election. Data sources are taken from the results of the 2020 Depok City Regional Head Election in the form of the vote acquisition of contestant number 2, population demographic data in the same year. This research uses quantitative methods with the GeoDa application. The purpose of this research is to analyze the spatial distribution in each village, demographic factors and voter behavior and to determine the spatial influence on each contestant. The results of this study show that contestant number 2 only has 30 base villages, but won absolutely in 53 villages. The factor of novice voters and voters with a high school education level and above, influenced the victory of contestant number 2. The other factors that influence victory are the quality of voters and contestant capabilities, candidates' vision and mission, work programs, government experience, and contestant education levels. Further research can be deepened by testing other demographic variables such as gender, socio-economic, characteristics of commuter workers, both qualitatively and quantitatively."

"Penelitian ini ingin menganalisis kekalahan Ratu Ati Marliati pada pilkada Cilegon dan kemenangan Ratu Tatu Chasanah pada pilkada Kabupaten Serang. Padahal kedua petahana dari dua dinasti politik di Kota Cilegon dan Kabupaten Serang memiliki beberapa kesamaan, baik latar belakang keluarga maupun dukungan politik. Hal ini terjadi karena beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan mereka berbeda nasib dalam pilkada serentak pada 2020 di kedua wilayah ini. Penelitian menggunakan teori boundary control Gibson (2012), dan dilengkapi dengan analisis strategi informal dan ilegal dari Buehler (2018) dan permainan tertutup (closed game) dari Behrend. Menggunakan metode kualitatif, penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa faktor kekalahan Ratu Ati disebabkan kegagalan dalam menerapkan strategi boundary strengthening, yang kemudian diiringi dengan keberhasilan oposisi menerapkan strategi boundary opening. Faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan kekalahan itu adalah ketiadaan aktor utama, konflik kepentingan elit partai, kontrol politik yang lemah, mesin politik tidak bekerja optimal, tidak ada akses terhadap elit partai di pusat, dan banyaknya kompetitor. Sedangkan faktor kemenangan Tatu Chasanah karena dia berhasil menerapkan boundary strengthening. Hal ini tampak dari besarnya dukungan partai politik, memobilisasi dukungan baik dari birokrasi maupun dari kelompok-kelompok masyarakat, sehingga mampu mengubah arena permainan menjadi tidak kompetitif. Hal ini memperkuat teori dari Gibson mengenai strategi boundary strengthening dan strategi boundary opening di Kota Cilegon dan Kabupaten Serang

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This study wants to analyze the defeat of Ratu Ati Marliati in the regional elections in Cilegon and the win of Ratu Tatu Chasanah in the regional elections of the Serang Regency. Even though the two incumbents from these two political dynasties have several things in common, both from family backgrounds and political support. This happened due to several factors that caused them to have different fates in the simultaneous local elections in 2020 in these two regions. The research uses Gibson's boundary control theory (2012) and is complemented by an analysis of informal and illegal strategies from Buehler (2018) and closed games from Behrend. Using a qualitative method, this research shows that Ratu Ati's defeat was caused by the failure to apply the boundary-strengthening strategy, which was followed by the success of the opposition in implementing the boundary-opening strategy. The factors that led to the defeat were the absence of the main actors, the conflict of interests of the party elites, weak political control, the political machine did not work optimally, there was no access to party elites at the center, and there were many competitors. Besides, Tatu Chasanah's winning factor because she succeeded in implementing boundary strengthening. This can be seen from the huge support of political parties, mobilizing support from both the bureaucracy and community groups, to turn the playing field into an uncompetitive one. This strengthens Gibson's theory regarding the boundary strengthening strategy and the boundary opening strategy in Cilegon City and Serang Regency"

"Kewenangan penyelesaian sengketa pencalonan adalah hal yang baru oleh lembaga pengawas pemilu. Pada pelaksanannya, terdapat banyak kendala yang muncul, yang salah satunya adalah, akibat sengketa pencalona terjadi penundaan pilkada di lima daerah pada pelaksanaan Pilkada 2015. Padahal, sengketa pencalonan yang bertujuan untuk mewujudkan keadilan pemilu dan perlindungan hak plih, tak semestinya terjadi kendala seperti itu. Oleh sebab itu, dalam penelitian ini dirumuskan dua masalah, yakni bagaimanakah persoalan peraturan penyelesaian sengketa pencalonan di dalam pelaksanaan Pilkada 2015 dan 2017. Kemudian yang kedua apakah pelaksanaan penyelesaian sengketa pencalonan kepala daerah dalam pemilihan kepala daerah serentak tahun 2015 dan 2017 telah memenuhi prinsip keadilan pemilu. Pada Pilkada 2015 terdapat 115 perkara sengketa pencalonan yang diajukan ke pengawas pemilu. Kemudian pada Pilkada 2017 terdapat 62 perkara sengketa pencalonan yang diajukan ke pengawas pemilu. Serta terdapat dokumentasi dan pencatatan data sengketa yang tidak lengkap dan rapih di pengawas pemilu. Selain itu, ditemukan tiga persoalan peraturan penyelesaian sengkea pencalona, yakni tidak diaturnya Keputusan KPU sebagai objek sengketa, KPU yang tidak boleh mengajukan upaya hukum terhadap putusan pengawas pemilu, dan tidak sinkronnya pengaturan di UU Pilkada dan Peraturan KPU terkait jadwal penyelesaian sengketa pencalonan.Kemudian dari tiga indikator pemenuhan prinsip keadilan pemilu, ditemukan ketidakpatuhan terhadap waktu penyelesaian dan mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa. Ini terjadi di Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang, Aceh, Kota Pematang Siantar, Sumatera Utara, dan Kabupaten Fak-Fak, Papua Barat. Selain itu terdapat kekosongan hukum dalam penyelesaian sengketa pencalonan, yakni lembaga apa yang berwenang menyelesaikan sengketa pencalonan ketika keputusan diskualifikasi pasangan calon dikeluarkan oleh KPU RI. Sedangkan Bawaslu RI tidak memiliki kewenangan menyelesaikan sengketa pencalonan pemilihan kepala daerah. Hal ini terjadi di sengketa pencalonan Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Kemudian, terkait jaminan pemulihan hak pilih warga negara setelah proses sengketa pencalonan tidak tercapai, karena sengketa pencalonan tidak memulihkan hak pilih pasangan calon kepala daerah, kejadian ini terjadi di Kabupaten Dogiyai, Papua. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi agar dilakukan perbaikan terhadap dokumentasi dan publikasi data sengketa pencalonan di pengawas pemilu, serta perlu dilakukan perbaikan terhadap UU Pilkada, Peraturan KPU terkait dengan tahapan, program, dan jadwal pilkada, Peraturan Bawaslu terkait penangaan sengketa pencalonan, dan Peraturan MA terkait sengketa tata usaha negara pemilihan kepala daerah.

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The elections monitoring body has recently been granted the authority to adjudicate dispute over candidacy process in elections, and this authority, by all means, is a novelty for the elections monitoring body. However, in practice, many problems occur due to this authority. For example, because of the adjudication process on electoral disputes in 2015 Local Elections, the elections commission had to postpone local elections in five electoral areas. Election adjudication process should have created a free and fair elections, not to postpone the elections and upset the election schedule instead. Therefore, in this research, I would like to address two objectives firstly, how is the regulatory dispute candidacy problem in regional head election 2015 and 2017 and, secondly, to analyze whether the adjudication processes conducted by the elections monitoring body on those disputes have been compliant with the principle of free and fair elections. In 2015 Local Elections, the elections monitoring body handled 115 cases of electoral disputes. In 2017 Local Elections, the body handled 62 cases of disputes. However, it is noteworthy that the elections monitoring body itself fail to make a proper documentations and records on the data regarding electoral dispute cases that they have handled. Based on the adjudication process, we can see that the electoral institutions have many times failed to comply with free and fair elections principle, for example when the elections monitoring body did not resolve a dispute case on time or according with the proper mechanism. Such failure happened, among others, in Aceh Tamiang, Aceh, Pematang Siantar, North Sumatera, and Fak Fak. In addition, the adjudication process also created a legal vacuum because they did not specify what institution has the authority to resolve the candidacy disputes when the Elections Commission KPU has issued the decision to disqualify a certain candidate. The Elections Monitoring Body, at that time, did not have the authority resolve such case in local elections. This legal vacuum especially happened in Central Kalimantan. Also, the adjudication process on electoral disputes have failed to protect the voting right of candidates because the adjudication process did not restore the right after the trial has completed. This is especially happened in Dogiyai Regency in Papua. Therefore, in this research I conclude that it is necessary to make a reform and improvement on the Local Elections Law, KPU Regulations on elections stages, programs, and schedule, Bawaslu rsquo s Regulations on candidacy disputes, and Supreme Court rsquo s Regulations on state administrative disputes in local elections."

"Penelitian ini membahas hubungan antara aktivisme politik pemilih muda terhadap perilaku memilih mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia pada Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Kota Depok tahun 2020. Hal ini dilatarbelakangi dari tingginya angka pemilih yang tidak menggunakan hak pilihnya (non-voting) pada Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Kota Depok tahun 2020. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui signifikansi hubungan antara tingkat aktivisme politik pemilih muda terhadap tingkat perilaku memilih mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori aktivisme politik pemilih muda oleh Dana R. Fisher yang kemudian diuji dengan perilaku memilih yang terbagi menjadi perilaku voting dan perilaku non-voting. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis uji statistik Chi-square. Hasil dari temuan ini memperlihatkan bahwa dalam uji statistik Chi-square terdapat hubungan antara aktivisme politik pemilih muda terhadap perilaku memilih dengan nilai chi-square 5,739 dan nilai signifikansi 0,017 bernilai kurang dari α (0,05). Namun, temuan lain dalam penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dari setiap empat subvariabel yang membentuk variabel aktivisme politik pemilih muda tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan. Temuan dalam penelitian ini pada akhirnya sesuai dengan argumen peneliti yakni terdapat hubungan antara aktivisme politik pemilih muda terhadap perilaku memilih pada Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Kota Depok tahun 2020

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This study discusses the relationship between the political activism of young voters on the voting behavior of Universitas Indonesia students in the 2020 Depok City Regional Head Election. This is motivated by the high number of voters who do not exercise their right to vote (non-voting) in the 2020 Depok City Regional Head Election. The purpose of this study was to determine the significance of the relationship between the level of political activism of young voters on the level of voting behavior of Universitas Indonesia students. This study uses the theory of political activism of young voters by Dana R. Fisher, which is then tested with voting behavior which is divided into voting behavior and non-voting behavior. This study uses a quantitative approach with Chi-square statistical test analysis. The results of these findings show that in the Chi-square statistical test there is an influential relationship between political activism of young voters on voting behavior with a chi-square value of 5.739 and a significance value of 0.017 which is less than (0.05). However, another finding in this study found that from each of the four sub variable that make up the political activism variable of young voters there is no significant relationship. The findings in this study are ultimately in accordance with the researcher's argument, namely that there is a relationship between the political activism of young voters on voting behavior in the 2020 Depok City Regional Head Election. "

"Buku ini berisi tentang penetapan Presiden Republik Indonesia no.5 tahun 1960 (disempurnakan) tentang dewan perwakilan rakyat daerah gotong royong dan sekretariat daerah ..."

"ABSTRAKSkripsi ini membahas mengenai pengaturan pembatasan selisih perolehan suara dalam pengajuan permohonan sengketa perselisihan hasil pemilihan umum gubernur, bupati, dan walikota di Indonesia. Skripsi ini menganalisis bagaimana dampak yang ditimbulkan dari berlakunya Undang-Undang Pemilihan Gubernur. Bupati, Dan Walikota, khususnya terhadap sengketa perselisihan hasil pemilihan gubernur, bupati, dan walikota. Terjadi permasalahan akibat lahirnya undang-undang tersebut, terutama pada Pasal 158 yang mengatur adanya pembatasan selisih perolehan suara apabila pasangan calon gubernur, bupati, dan walikota ingin mengajukan permohonan sengeketa perselisihan hasil pemilihan gubernur, bupati, dan walikota. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan adalah yuridis normatif, dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dengan berlakunya Undang-Undang Pemilihan Gubernur, Bupati, Dan Walikota, terdapat pengaturan pembatasan selisih hasil perolehan suara. Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam putusannya menyatakan tidak semua pembatasan serta-merta adalah bertentangan dengan hak konstitusional warga negara, sepanjang batasan tersebut untuk menjamin pengakuan, serta penghormatan atas hak dan kebebasan orang lain dan untuk memenuhi tuntutan yang adil sesuai dengan pertimbangan moral, nilai-nilai agama, keamanan, dan ketertiban umum. Kemudian kewenangan untuk menyelesaikan perselisihan hasil pemilihan umum yang dimiliki oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi saat ini merupakan kewenangan yang sifatnya sementara dan terbatas. Kewenangan sesungguhnya dimiliki oleh badan peradilan khusus yang memiliki kewenangan khusus untuk menyelesaikan perselisihan hasil pemilihan gubernur, bupati, dan kepala daerah. Lahirnya pengaturan pembatasan selisih perolehan suara apabila ingin mengajukan permohonan sengketa perselisihan hasil pemilihan gubernur, bupati, dan walikota memiliki tujuan untuk membentuk rekayasa sosial guna membangun budaya hukum dan politik yang lebih dewasa di masyarakat

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ABSTRACTThis thesis is about the regulation of the limitation in the difference of the votes in accordance to applying a request for disputes arising from the result of the Governer Eletion in Indonesia. This thesis analize the effect of the enforcement of the Governer Election Act, especially towards disputes arising from the election itself. There are problems occured as the result of the enforcement of the act, especially in paragraph 158 which states that there is a limitation involving the difference in the votes, meaning, when a party wants to apply a request for dispute regarding the result from the election, one must meet the requierment about the difference in the ballot. The method used in this thesis is a method called juridical normative, which uses secondary data for its resources. This research concludes that the enforcement of this Governer Election Act includes the regulation about limitation in the difference of the votes. However, The Constitutional Court of Indonesia in its award states that not all limitation is in opposition to the constitutional rights of the citizen as long as that restriction is established for the sake of ensuring a recognition, respecting the rights of the people, and the freedom for the people to comply to charges which are made righteously in accordance to moral consideration, religious value, security, and public order. Moreover, the Constitutional Court is authorized to solve disputes arising from the election, however, this right is temporary and limited. The actual right belongs to a special court which has exclusive authority to solve disputes arising from the outcome of Governer Election. The establishment of this regulation about the restriction of the difference in the votes if one is thinking of filing a request for dispute arising from the Governer Election has its own purpose, that is to create social engineering in order to establish a more mature and advance legal and political culture among the citizen."