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"Latar Belakang: Hal dasar dalam penentuan rencana perawatan ortodonti ialah melihat posisi dan inklinasi dari gigi insisif rahang atas dan rahang bawah, akan tetapi penempatan posisi dan inklinasi gigi insisif yang sesuai dengan kriteria parameter sefalometri normal tidak menjamin bahwa jaringan lunak di atasnya akan menghasilkan tampilan wajah yang harmonis. Hal ini disebabkan karena adanya variasi jaringan lunak antar etnis atau ras.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara inklinasi gigi insisif dan posisi bibir berdasarkan analisis sefalometri pada pasien ras Deutro-Melayu di klinik ortodonti RSKGM FKG. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode penelitian analitik restropektif cross sectional pada 64 radiograf sefalometri pasien di klinik ortodonti RSKGM FKG UI. Uji korelasi Spearman dilakukan antara nilai parameter inklinasi gigi insisif (UI-Mx, IMPA, Interincisal Angle) dengan nilai parameter posisi bibir berdasarkan E-line. Hasil: Terdapat korelasi signifikan positif yang lemah antara UI-Mx dan posisi biibr bawah (r=0,294*). Terdapat korelasi signifikan negatif yang lemah antara Interincisal Angle dan posisi bibir bawah (r=-0,323*). Namun tidak terdapat korelasi antara UI-Mx, IMPA dan Interincisal Angle dengan bibir atas, serta IMPA dengan bibir bawah. Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara inklinasi gigi insisif (UI-Mx, IMPA, Interincisal Angle) dan posisi bibir berdasarkan E-line.

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Background: The basic thing in an orthodontic treatment plan is to look at the position and inclination of the maxillary and mandibular incisors, but the placement and inclination of the incisors according to the criteria for normal cephalometric parameters does not guarantee that the overlying soft tissues will produce a harmonious facial appearance. This is due to soft tissue variations between ethnicities.

Objective: To determine the relationship between incisor teeth and lip position based on cephalometric analysis in Deutro-Malay patients at the orthodontic clinic of RSKGM FKG.

Method: This study is a quantitative study using a cross-sectional retrospective analytic research method on 64 patients with cephalometric radiographs at the orthodontic clinic of RSKGM FKG UI. Spearman correlation test was performed between the incisor inclination parameter values ​​(UI-Mx, IMPA, Interincisal Angle) and the lip position parameter values ​​based on the E-line.

Results: The correlation test showed that there was weak positive significant between UI-Mx and lower lip position (r=0.294*). There was a weak negative significant correlation between Interincisal Angle and lower lip position (r=-0.323*). However, there was no correlation between UI-Mx, IMPA and Interincisal Angle with the upper lip, and IMPA with the lower lip.

Conclusion: There is no relationship between incisor inclination (UI-Mx, IMPA, Interincisal Angle) and lip position based on E-line.

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"Latar Belakang: Fraktur dentoalveolar merupakan jenis fraktur yang paling sering terjadi di area orofasial. Perbedaan prevalensi pada beberapa wilayah yang dilaporkan kemungkinan disebabkan oleh variasi sistem klasifikasi fraktur, perbedaan demografis, seperti usia, jenis kelamin, dan anatomi gigi, serta perilaku yang menyebabkan kejadian trauma. Hingga saat ini, data terkait distribusi, frekuensi, dan pola penatalaksanaan fraktur dentoalveolar pada gigi anterior anak di Indonesia masih terbatas. Tujuan: Mengetahui distribusi dan frekuensi fraktur dentoalveolar gigi anterior berdasarkan usia, jenis kelamin, penyebab fraktur, klasifikasi fraktur, jenis gigi, dan jenis tatalaksananya di RSKGM FKG UI periode Oktober 2019 – Oktober 2024. Metode: Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan studi retrospektif menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari rekam medik pasien usia 1-18 tahun di IGD, poli Bedah Mulut, dan poli IKGA RSKGM FKG UI. Hasil: Tercatat 113 kasus fraktur di RSKGM FKG UI, dengan 77 kasus (68,1%), di antaranya merupakan fraktur dentoalveolar. Dari 77 kasus, terdapat 33 kasus (29,2%) yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi, melibatkan total 48 gigi. Kelompok usia remaja (10-18 tahun) mencatat kasus fraktur dentoalveolar tertinggi sebesar 45,5%, yang didominasi oleh pasien laki-laki (57,6%) Jatuh menjadi penyebab utama fraktur (66,7%), sementara fraktur mahkota tanpa komplikasi paling sering terjadi (45,8%). Fraktur gigi sulung (Kelas IX) paling banyak ditemukan (39,6%), khususnya trauma pada jaringan keras gigi dan pulpa (56,3%). Fraktur lebih sering terjadi pada gigi permanen (58,3%), terutama insisif 1 RA (75%). Perawatan yang paling umum dilakukan adalah restorasi komposit (39,6%). Kesimpulan: Fraktur dentoalveolar paling banyak ditemukan pada remaja, dengan mayoritas pasien adalah laki-laki. Penyebab utama fraktur ini adalah jatuh, serta gigi yang paling sering terdampak adalah gigi permanen, terutama gigi insisif 1 rahang atas. Fraktur gigi sulung (Kelas IX) dan fraktur mahkota tanpa komplikasi menjadi jenis fraktur yang paling sering dijumpai, sedangkan metode perawatan yang paling banyak dilakukan adalah restorasi komposit.

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Background: Dentoalveolar fractures are the most common type of mouth and face injury. Their frequency varies in different areas, likely because of differences in how fractures are classified, as well as factors like age, gender, tooth structure, and activities that cause injuries. Data on the distribution, frequency, and treatment of these fractures in children’s anterior teeth in Indonesia are still limited. Objective: To analyze the distribution and frequency of dentoalveolar fractures in anterior teeth in RSKGM FKG UI from October 2019 to October 2024 based on age, gender, fracture causes, fracture classification, type, of tooth and treatment methods. Method: The method is descriptive with a retrospective study using secondary data obtained from medical records of patients aged 1-18 years in the Department of Emergency, Oral Surgery, and Pediatric of RSKGM FKG UI. Result: A total of 113 fracture cases were recorded at RSKGM FKG UI, with 77 cases (68.1%) classified as dentoalveolar fractures. Of these, 33 cases (29.2%) met the inclusion criteria, involving a total of 48 teeth. The adolescent age group (10-18 years) had the highest number of dentoalveolar fracture cases (45.5%), dominated by male patients (57.6%). Falls were identified as the primary cause of fractures (66.7%), while uncomplicated crown fractures were the most frequent type (45.8%). Deciduous tooth fractures (Class IX) were the most commonly observed (39.6%), especially those involving trauma to the hard dental tissue and pulp (56.3%). Fractures were more frequent in permanent teeth (58.3%), particularly the maxillary central incisors (75%). The most common treatment was composite restoration (39.6%). Conclusion: Dentoalveolar fractures are most frequently found in adolescents, with the majority of cases involving male patients. Falls are the primary cause, and the most affected teeth are permanent teeth, particularly the maxillary central incisors. The most frequent types of fractures are deciduous tooth fractures (Class IX) and uncomplicated crown fractures, while composite restoration is the most frequently performed treatment."

"Latar Belakang: Susunan gigi anterior merupakan salah satu komponen estetika wajah yang berdampak terhadap persepsi diri anak serta mendorong anak dan orang tua untuk memeriksakan keadaan gigi mulut anak ke dokter gigi. Variasi susunan gigi anterior anak selama periode gigi bercampur, seperti adanya gigi berjejal, gigitan terbuka, posisi gigi yang miring atau rotasi, serta gigi yang cenderung terlihat maju yang dapat terkoreksi dengan sendirinya maupun yang memerlukan perawatan dini setelah penilaian oleh dokter gigi. Tujuan Penelitian: Menganalisis perbedaan antara persepsi diri dan dokter gigi terhadap susunan gigi anterior anak 9-12 tahun di SDN 01 Pademangan Barat Pagi Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang di SDN 01 Pademangan Barat Pagi di Jakarta, bulan Desember 2023 menggunakan instrumen kuesioner yang dilengkapi oleh foto intraoral susunan gigi depan anak saat oklusi dari arah sagital, transversal, dan vertikal dalam 5 posisi. Kuesioner persepsi diri anak yang diisi oleh subjek penelitian dan kuesioner penilaian dokter gigi merupakan instrumen yang sama untuk menilai keadaan gigitan dalam, gigitan terbuka, gigi berjejal, gigi berjarak, gigi protrusif, gigitan silang, serta gigi rapi dan sejajar. Uji validasi dan reliabilitas dilakukan sebelum kueseioner digunakan dalam penelitian. Data dianalisis untuk menguji secara statistik perbedaan antara persepsi diri dan penilaian dokter gigi terhadap susunan gigi anterior anak usia 9-12 tahun Hasil: Subjek penelitian ini sejumlah 97 anak dan melibatkan penilaian dari 5 dokter gigi. Persepsi diri dan dokter gigi berbeda bermakna terhadap keadaan gigitan dalam, gigi berjejal di rahang atas, gigi berjarak di rahang atas, dan gigi rahang atas protrusif pada anak (uji Chi-Square, nilai p<0,05). Kesimpulan: Persepsi diri dengan penilaian dokter terhadap susunan gigi anterior anak usia 9-12 tahun pada penelitian ini menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna, terutama pada keadaan gigi depan rahang atas.

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Background: The anterior teeth alignment is one of the components of facial aesthetics that has an impact on children's self-perception and may encourages children and their parents to check their oral and dental condition by a dentist. Variations in the alignment of children's anterior teeth occur during the mixed dentition period, such as crowding, open bite, tilted or rotated tooth, and protrusive teeth which can be corrected on their own or require early treatment after dentist assessment. Objectives: To analyze differences between self-perception and dentist assessment of anterior teeth alignment in children aged 9--12 years at SDN 01 Pademangan Barat Pagi in Jakarta. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study at SDN 01 Pademangan Barat Pagi in Jakarta, December 2023 using a questionnaire that completed with children's intraoral photos during occlusion from the sagittal, transverse and vertical dimensions in 5 positions. The children's self-perception questionnaire and dentist assessment questionnaire were identical to assess the condition of deep bite, open bite, crowding, spacing, protrusive teeth, anterior cross bite and well-aligned teeth in subjects recruited for this study. Validity and reliability tests were carried out before the questionnaire was used in the research. Data were analysed to statistically test the differences between self-perception and dentist assessment of anterior teeth alignment in children aged 9-12 years. Results: There were 97 children and 5 dentist involved in this study. Self-perception and dentist assessment were significantly different regarding the condition of deep bite, maxillary crowding, maxillary spacing and protrusive teeth in children (Chi-Square Test, p value <0,05). Conclusion: Self-perception and dentist assessment of anterior teeth alignment in children aged 9-12 years in this study showed significant differences, especially in the condition of the maxillary anterior teeth."

"It has been shown that more than 40 percent of the apical radiolucencies are radicular cyst, numerous endodontist claims that from 85 to 90 percent of apical lesions disappear or become reduced in size following conservative endodontic treatment and do not required surgical intervention. Maxillary anterior teeth are more frequently susceptible to trauma and there are numerous morphologic anomalies associated with maxillary incisors especially lateral incisors its call palato-radiocular groove (PRG), its caused non vital have been implicated in formation of periapical lesions. Periapical lesions can be cured by conventional endodontic treatment used Ca(OH)2 as an intracanal medication. One case with radicular cyst on the maxillary lateral incisors because of trauma 2 years ago will be presented. Fifteenth months during treatment showed that the cyst reduced in size and symptomless."

"Indonesian Journal of Dentistry 2006; Edisi Khusus KPPIKG XIV: 189-192Dental trauma in childhood and adorescence is a common accidents, with the most accident-prone time is between 9 and 10 years old. Boys affected are almost twice than girls and the maxillary central incisors are the most affected. This report describes an Ellis class II fracture in maxillary central incisors caused by trauma on a 9 years old boys. The case was treated by pulp capping and restored by composite material."

"On of the important factor that supported success of root canal treatment is fielling the rool canal system hermetically. Necrosis of young permanent tooth pose a difficulty in root canal treatment andinduction of the apical area to build an apical stop should be conducted. Apical constriction is necessary to fiel the root canal and Calcium Hydrokside is use for this measure, so that the fielling material will not exied beyond the root canal system. A case of success treatment of Traumatized tooth was reported using Calcium Hydrokside."

"Latar Belakang: Maloklusi adalah ketidakteraturan kesejajaran gigi dan/atau hubungan lengkung gigi dengan gigi yang tidak normal yang diakibatkan oleh berbagai faktor dan dapat menyebabkan ketidakpuasan estetika sampai masalah pada segi fungsional. Pasien dengan maloklusi memerlukan perawatan ortodonti salah satunya untuk memperbaiki maloklusi. Inklinasi dan angulasi gigi menjadi salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan perawatan ortodonti yang stabil dan optimal. Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran sudut inklinasi dan angulasi gigi anterior pada pasien maloklusi skeletal kelas I pasca perawatan ortodonti cekat di klinik spesialis ortodonti RSKGM FKG UI. Metode: Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang (cross-sectional) menggunakan sampel berupa data sekunder rekam medik. Hasil: Dari 96 rekam medik pasien maloklusi kelas I yang telah selesai mendapatkan perawatan ortodonti cekat di Klinik Spesialis Ortodonti RSKGM FKG UI, didapatkan rerata sudut U1-SN sebesar 105,60° ± 5,80°, rerata sudut U1-PP sebesar 114,55° ± 6,21°, rerata sudut L1-MP sebesar 93,63° ± 7,94°, dan rerata sudut IMPA adalah sebesar 96,40° ± 7,96°. Rerata angulasi gigi 11 sebesar 89,03° ± 3,26°, rerata angulasi gigi 21 sebesar 90,35° ± 3,07°, rerata angulasi gigi 31 sebesar 89,28° ± 4,33°, dan rerata angulasi gigi 41 sebesar 90,61° ± 5,04°. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan penelitian tentang Gambaran Inklinasi dan Angulasi Gigi Anterior pada Pasien Maloklusi Kelas I Pasca Perawatan Ortodonti Cekat di Klinik Spesialis Ortodonti RSKGM FKG UI, rerata sudut inklinasi gigi anterior pasien termasuk dalam kisaran nilai normal, kecuali pada sudut IMPA. Rerata sudut angulasi gigi anterior pasien relatif tegak dan paralel.

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Background: Malocclusion is the irregularity of teeth and is considered as oral health problem resulting from various etiological factors causing esthetic dissatisfaction to functional impartment. Patients with malocclusion require orthodontic treatment to correct the malocclusion. Inclination and angulation of teeth are one of the factors that influence the success of stable and optimal orthodontic treatment. Objective: This study aims to describe the inclination and angulation of anterior teeth on class I malocclusion patients after fixed orthodontic treatment at the Orthodontic Specialist Clinic of RSKGM FKG UI. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study is done using the secondary data found in the patient’s medical record. Results: From 96 medical records of class I malocclusion patients who have completed fixed orthodontic treatment at the Orthodontic Specialist Clinic of RSKGM FKG UI, the mean U1-SN angle is 105.60° ± 5.80°, the mean U1-PP angle is 114.55°. ± 6.21°, the mean angle of L1-MP is 93.63° ± 7.94°, and the mean angle of IMPA is 96.40° ± 7.96°. The mean angulation of tooth 11 is 89.03° ± 3.26°, mean angulation of tooth 21 is 90.35° ± 3.07°, mean angulation of tooth 31 is 89.28° ± 4.33°, and mean angulation of tooth 41 is of 90.61° ± 5.04°. Conclusion: Based on research on the Inclination and Angulation of Anterior Teeth on Class I Malocclusion Patients after Fixed Orthodontic Treatment at the Orthodontic Specialist Clinic of RSKGM FKG UI, the inclination of anterior teeth is within the normal range, except at the IMPA angle. The angulation of anterior teeth is relatively upright and parallel."

"Latar Belakang: Profil wajah lurus merupakan profil wajah yang dianggap ideal dan menarik secara estetika. Perlu diketahui gambaran skeletal wajah pria dan wanita yang memiliki profil wajah lurus sebagai acuan dalam perawatan ortodonti. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran skeletal wajah antara pria dan wanita ras Deutro-Melayu yang memiliki profil wajah lurus beserta perbedaanya. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Penelitian ini menggunakan 58 sefalogram lateral dari rekam medik pasien berusia 18-25 tahun, sebelum dilakukan perawatan ortodontik di RSKGM FKG UI. Dilakukan uji T tidak berpasangan dan uji Mann-Whitney Hasil: Pria menunjukan nilai rerata sudut Y-axis, FMIA, IMPA, dan sudut interinsisal lebih besar daripada wanita. Nilai rerata sudut SNA, SNB, ANB, sudut fasial, sudut kecembungan, FMA, dan I-SN pada pria lebih kecil daripada wanita. Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara gambaran skeletal wajah pria dan wanita ras Deutro-Melayu dengan profil wajah lurus.

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Background: Straight facial profile is considered as a profile that ideal and aesthetically attractive. The facial skeletal image of male and female with straight facial profile is used as a reference in orthodontic treatment. Objective: This research’s aim is to understand the facial skeletal image of Deutro-Malay male and female with straight facial profile and its difference. Method: This research is an analytic observational research with cross sectional design. This research used 58 lateral cephalograms from medical records of patients within 18-25 years old, before the orthodontic treatment is applied in RSKGM FKG UI. Independent T test and Mann-Whitney test are conducted. Result: Male’s facial skeletal image shows the average point of Y-axis, FMIA, IMPA dan interincisal angle is bigger than female’s. The angle’s average point of SNA, SNB, ANB, facial angle and convexity angle, FMA and I-SN angle of male’s facial skeletal image are smaller than found in female. Conclusion: There is no significant differences between facial skeletal image of Deutro-Malay male and female race with straight facial profile."

"Latar Belakang: Perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk melihat perbedaan gambaran jaringan lunak wajah pria dan wanita khususnya ras Deutro-Melayu. Profil wajah lurus dipilih karena profil wajah lurus tidak mengindikasikan adanya disproporsi dental dan fasial sehingga individu dengan profil wajah lurus diindikasikan memiliki oklusi normal serta penampilan wajah dan dental yang dapat diterima. Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran jaringan lunak wajah pasien pria dan wanita ras Deutro-Melayu dengan profil wajah lurus di RSKGM FKG UI beserta perbedaannya. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan 56 rekam medis dan sefalogram lateral pasien pria dan wanita berusia 18-25 tahun ras Deutro-Melayu sebelum perawatan ortodonsia. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan uji T tidak berpasangan dan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil: 8 parameter pengukuran menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna antara pria dan wanita (p<0,05) yakni pada kecembungan fasial, kecembungan fasial total, sudut nasofrontal, sudut mentolabial, sudut servikomental, posisi hidung terhadap bidang fasial, posisi bibir atas terhadap bidang fasial, dan posisi bibir bawah terhadap bidang fasial. Pria menunjukkan hasil pengukuran yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan wanita, kecuali pada sudut nasofrontal yang secara statistik menunjukkan nilai rerata wanita lebih besar dibandingkan pria. Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara gambaran jaringan lunak wajah pria dan wanita ras Deutro-Melayu dengan profil wajah lurus.

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Background: It is necessary to conduct research to see the difference of facial soft tissue profile in male and female especially Deutro-Malay race. Straight face profile is selected because it does not indicate any dental and facial disproportions, so that individuals with straight facial profiles are indicated to have normal occlusion and acceptable facial and dental appearance. Objective: To compare the difference of facial soft tissue image in Deutro-Malay male and female with straight facial profile. Method: This study used medical records and lateral cephalograms of 56 male and female patients aged 18-25 with Deutro-Malay race before orthodontic treatment. Measurement performed with independent sample T-test and Mann-Whitney test. Result: 8 measurement parameters showed significant difference (p<0,05) those are facial convexity, total facial convexity, nasofrontal angle, mentolabial angle, cervicomental angle, position of nose to facial plane, position of upper lip to facial plane, and position of lower lip to facial plane. Male showed larger measurements than female, except in nasofrontal angle that statistically showed that female's mean score was greater than male. Conclusion: There is a significant difference between facial soft tissue image in Deutro-Malay male and female with straight facial profile."

"ABSTRAKPertumbuhan tulang maksila dan mandibula merupakan suatu hal penting untuk diketahui dokter gigi karena dapat dijadikan sebagai panduan dalam menegakkan diagnosis dan menentukan rencana perawatan yang tepat. Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran dan perbedaan panjang maksila dan mandibula pasien pria dan wanita pada maloklusi skeletal kelas I, kelas II, dan kelas III. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan 42 rekam medik dan sefalogram pasien berusia ge; 18 tahun. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan analisis McNamara. Hasil: Rerata panjang maksila dan mandibula untuk semua kelas maloklusi skeletal menunjukan pria lebih besar daripada wanita. Hasil uji T tidak berpasangan.

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ABSTRAKBackground The growth of maxillary and mandibular bone is an important thing to know the dentist because it can serve as a guide in establishing the diagnosis and determine the proper treatment plan. Objective to know description and differences between maxillary and mandibular length of male and female patients at skeletal malocclusion class I, class II and class III Methods This study used medical records and sefalogram 42 patients aged ge 18. Measurement performed with McNamara rsquo s Analysis. Results The mean length of the maxillary and mandibular for all classes of skeletal malocclusion showed greater men than women. Results unpaired t test."