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"pasien yang membutuhkan. Kesimpulan: Pengetahuan mahasiswa tahap klinik lebih tinggi dibandingkan tahap preklinik, dilihat dari hasil jawaban dan nilai rerata kuesioner. Sikap mahasiswa tahap preklinik dan klinik terhadap kanker anak beragam. Hampir 50% subjek tidak tertarik menjadi dokter spesialis anak subspesialis pediatrik onkologi dengan beberapa alasan. Namun, subjek tetap menunjukkan sikap bentuk kepedulian untuk pasien kanker anak.

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Introduction: Cancer cases are a significant cause of global mortality, particularly among children. As medical students, it is important to understand early symptoms of cancer in children. However, there is currently no data regarding the knowledge and awareness of medical students towards pediatric cancer in Indonesia. Therefore, this research aims to determine the level of knowledge and awareness of students at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, towards pediatric cancer. Method: The research was conducted out by distributing a questionnaire from the South Asian Journal of Cancer, consisting of 18 presented in English, along with Indonesian translations below each question. Results: A total of 217 subjects from FKUI completed this research questionnaire, with a distribution of 96 males and 121 females. The subjects were from batch 2017 to 2021, with 102 (47%) students in the preclinical phase and 115 (53%) students in the clinical phase. Regarding knowledge about pediatric cancer, 53,9% preclinical students were able to answer more than 50% of the questions correctly, while a larger number of clinical phase students, namely 76,5%, achieved this. The overall mean score for the preclinical phase was 4.56 out of 8, while the clinical phase had a higher mean score of 5.38 out of 8. In terms of attitudes toward pediatric cancer, 40,1% preclinical students and 35,6% clinical students expressed an interest in becoming pediatricians. Among these, 51,2% students did not wish to specialize in pediatric oncology, with the most common reason being a lack of adequate knowledge about pediatric cancer. According to 65,4% subjects, the best way to raise awareness about pediatric cancer is through mass media communication. Most (67,7%) subjects also mentioned that a form of support as medical students for pediatric cancer patients is donating blood to those in need. Conclusion: Clinical phase students have a higher level of knowledge compared to preclinical phase students, as observed from their questionnaire responses and mean scores. The attitudes of preclinical and clinical phase students toward pediatric cancer vary. Nearly 50% of the subjects are not interested in becoming pediatric oncologists for several reasons. However, the subjects still demonstrate a positive attitude toward pediatric cancer patients."

"ABSTRAKAngka kesembuhan kanker pada anak di dunia, termasuk di Indonesia semakin meningkat seiring dengan kemajuan pengobatan dan perawatan pada anak kanker. Akan tetapi, penyintas kanker belum dapat lepas dari berbagai masalah baik fisik maupun psikososial, sehingga pelayanan kesehatan dan psikososial yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan mereka sangat penting. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kebutuhan pelayanan kesehatan dan psikososial yang tepat. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kualitatif fenomenologi, dilakukan wawancara semi terstruktur terhadap delapan orang remaja penyintas kanker anak yang hasilnya kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik. Ada tujuh tema yang muncul dari hasil penelitian, yaitu: 1) kebutuhan pemeriksaan fisik secara kontinu, 2) kebutuhan edukasi pasien dan keluarga, 3) kebutuhan pelayanan kesehatan yang menyenangkan, 4) kebutuhan konseling psikologis, 5) kebutuhan dukungan dari teman dan keluarga, 6) kebutuhan dukungan dari sekolah, dan 7) kebutuhan pelayanan sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa remaja penyintas kanker di Indonesia memiliki kebutuhan pelayanan yang hampir sama dengan penyintas kanker anak secara global. Tema-tema tersebut dapat dijadikan acuan dalam melakukan asuhan keperawatan yang optimal dan sesuai kebutuhan remaja penyintas kanker.

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ABSTRACTAdvances in childhood cancer treatment and therapy have improved the survival rates of childhood cancer survivors in the world as well as in Indonesia. However, as cancer survivors, they encounter physical and psychosocial problems and hence proper health facility and psychosocial support services are important. The aim of the research is to identify health facility & psychosocial services needed among adolescent childhood cancer survivors. The research used a phenomenological approach through semi-structured interview with eight adolescent childhood cancer survivors, the data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Seven themes of health facility and psychosocial services needs emerged from the analysis: follow-up care; education for patients and their families, comfort care from the clinical services, psychological counseling, support from family and friends, support from school and social services. The results show that adolescent childhood cancer survivors in Indonesia have similar services needs to ones in developed countries.The themes can be references for nurse to do optimal nursing care based on adolescent childhood cancer survivors needs."

"Nyeri pada anak kanker berdampak jangka panjang dan jangka pendek. Sebagian besar orang tua tidak mengetahui cara mengkaji nyeri pada anak dan belum menggunakan skala nyeri yang sesuai dengan usia anak untuk mengukur nyeri. Pendidikan kesehatan tentang manajemen nyeri yang diberikan kepada pasien belum terstruktur sehingga informasi yang diberikan tidak optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dampak intervensi edukasi terhadap pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan orang tua dalam mengelola nyeri pada anak dengan kanker. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan kuasi eksperimen dengan one grup pre test post test. Sampel berjumlah 29 orang di RSAB Harapan kita dan RSPAD Gatot Soebroto yang diambil secara consecutive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan McNemar dan Uji Chi Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan dalam aspek pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan orang tua dalam mengelola nyeri pada anak sebelum dan sesudah pendidikan kesehatan (pengetahuan, p=0,001; Sikap, p=0,001 dan keterampilan, p<0,001). Karakteristik orang tua yang berhubungan dengan pengetahuan dan sikap adalah pengalaman manajemen nyeri. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini adalah pendidikan kesehatan tentang mengelola nyeri pada anak sebaiknya dilakukan secara intensif.

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Pain in children suffers from cancer gives effect in short term and long term. Most parents do not know how to assess pain in children. They have not used a pain scale based on children age to measure pain. Health education pain management has not been structured for patients so the given information is not optimal.

This study aims to identify the impact of education intervention to the parent's knowledge, attitudes, and skills in managing pain of children suffers from cancer. This study used a quasi-experimental with one group pretest-posttest. The sample was 29 people in RSAB Harapan Kita and Gatot Subroto Army Hospital, taken by consecutive sampling. The data was analyzed by McNemar and Chi Square.

The results showed a significant difference in the aspect of knowledge, attitudes and skills of parent in the pain management of children before and after health education (knowledge, p = 0.001; Attitudes, p = 0.001 and skill, p < 0.001). Characteristics of parents associated with the knowledge and attitudes who have children suffers from cancer is pain management experience. Recommendation for this study is the health education about pain management should be carried out intensively."

"Perawatan paliatif banyak diberikan pada anak dengan kanker yang berfokus untuk mengatasi keluhan yang timbul, tidak mengobati dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup anak diakhir kehidupannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi deskriptif. Sebanyak 7 perawat yang memberikan perawatan paliatif Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan dianalisa dengan metode Collaizi. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi enam tema yaitu memahami prinsip perawatan paliatif, cara memberikan perawatan paliatif, kepuasan dalam memberikan perawatan paliatif, tantangan dalam memberikan perawatan paliatif, upaya mengatasi tantangan serta harapan dan kebutuhan untuk meningkatkan perawatan paliatif. Direkomendasikan untuk pelatihan perawatan paliatif pada tim paliatif dan untuk meningkatkan akses pelayanan dengan memperbanyak pusat perawatan paliatif.

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Palliative care are given to children with cancer in terminal condition that are focused on the symptoms management and increase the quality of life. The research applies qualitative method with descriptive phenomenology approach. The participant is a nurses who provide palliative care. The data was collected through interviews and analyzed using Collaizi method. Six themes were identified as a result of this study : understanding principal of palliative care, activity in providing palliative care, satisfaction to provide palliative care, challenge to provide palliative care, effort to handling in palliative care, hope and need to improve palliative care. The finding of this study describe there was different of perception about palliative care so the treatment provide was not optimal. This study recommends to palliative care training program to improve service access by increasing the number of palliave care center."

"Penerapan teori Comfort Kolcaba ini dilakukan pada 5 kasus kelolaan yang berbeda untuk memenuhi kebutuhan rasa nyaman nyeri yang berfokus pada faktor fisik, psikospiritual, sosiokultural, dan lingkungan. Asuhan keperawatan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan rasa nyaman nyeri tersebut dilakukan dengan menggunakan intervensi standard comfort, coaching dan comfort food for the soul, yaitu dengan memberikan guided imagery sehingga pasien dapat mencapai tingkat kenyamanan relief, ease, dan transcendence. Evaluasi menggunakan numeric rating scale menunjukkan hasil diakhir perawatan nyeri berkurang, terkontrol dan peningkatan kenyamanan. Residen menyarankan agar meningkatkan peran kemitraan antara perawat, petugas kesehatan lainnya dan keluarga serta melakukan asuhan keperawatan berbasis evidence based practice dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien kanker anak yang mengalami nyeri.

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The application of this theory is done in 5 different managed cases to fulfil the needs of pain-comfort senses which is focused on physical, psychospiritual, sociocultural, and environmental factors. This nursing care uses standard comfort, coaching and comfort food for the soul to fulfil the needs of pain-comfort senses, that the clients can achieve relief, ease, and transcendence comfort. Resident suggests increasing the role of the partnership between nurses, other health workers and family and do nursing care based on evidence based practice."

"Kanker merupakan penyakit degeneratif yang dapat diderita oleh orang dewasa dan anak-anak dengan angka kejadian cukup tinggi di dunia. Sebanyak 50 anak dengan kanker mengalami gangguan dalam melaksanakan aktivitas perawatan diri sebagai akibat dari kanker tersebut maupun efek samping dari terapi kanker. Tujuan dari pembuatan karya ilmiah akhir ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai aplikasi teori self-care Orem pada klien anak dengan kanker yang mengalami defisit perawatan diri: perawatan mulut di RSUPN Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta. Selain itu, karya ilmiah akhir ini juga bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai peran perawat spesialis anak di ruang rawat anak non infeksi. Terdapat lima kasus kelolaan yang dibahas dalam karya ilmiah ini yang semuanya memiliki masalah defisit perawatan diri: perawatan mulut. Asuhan keperawatan diberikan menggunakan pendekatan teori self-care Orem mulai dari pengkajian sampai dengan evaluasi. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan ada klien yang dapat lebih mandiri dalam melakukan higiene oral namun ada pula yang tidak berhasil. Penulis merekomendasikan untuk memperhatikan usia dan tahap tumbuh kembang klien yang akan diberikan intervensi dengan aplikasi teori self-care karena hal tersebut berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan intervensi.

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Cancer is a degenerative illness suffered by adults and children with high incidence in the world. Around 50 children with cancer are having difficulties in performing daily activities as a result of cancer itself or side effect of cancer therapy. This final report is a description of Internship Pediatric Nursing Program clinical practice. The aim of this final report is to give a brief description about the application of Orem rsquo s self care theory on children with cancer performing self care deficit oral hygiene thus giving description about the role of pediatric nurse in non infection children ward. There are five cases of children who are performing self care deficit oral hygiene explained here. Nursing care was performed using self care theory approach from assessment to evaluation. The result is that there are children who finally able to do oral hygiene independently, but there are also children who can not do oral hygiene independently. The recommendation of this report is that the children must be selected based on their age and developmental stage because those two factors contribute to the success of intervention."

"Pendahuluan kanker pada anak dan remaja merupakan penyebab kematian. Nyeri pada pasien kanker disebabkan oleh efek samping dari kanker itu sendiri. Efek samping kanker juga dapat menyebabkan kurangnya nutrisi pada anak yang akan menyebabkan konstipasi. Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian konstipasi pada pasien anak dengan kanker di Rumah Sakit Kanker Dharmais Jakarta. Metode metode cross-sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan consecutive sampling dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 106 responden. Intrumen penelitian ini terdiri dari data karakteristik responden, norgine risk assessment tool for constipation, dan constipation assessment scale. Hasil hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan dari faktor intake nutrisi harian (p=0,000), intake cairan (p=0,032) dan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan dari faktor riwayat konstipasi (p=0,097), pengobatan saat ini (p=0,277), fasilitas toiletari (p=0,153), mobilitas fisik (p=0,590), usia (p=0,066), jenis kelamin (p=0,463), jenis kanker (p=0,503), regimen chemoterapy (p=0,627) dengan kejadian konstipasi pada pasien anak dengan kanker di RS Dharmais Jakarta.

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Introduction Cancer in children and adolescents is a leading cause of death. Pain in cancer patients is caused by the side effects of the cancer itself. Cancer side effects can also lead to nutritional deficiencies in children, resulting in constipation. Purpose The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with constipation in pediatric cancer patients at Dharmais Cancer Hospital in Jakarta. Method The research method used was quantitative with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used consecutive sampling with a total sample size of 106 respondents. The research instruments consisted of respondent characteristic data, the Norgine Risk Assessment Tool for Constipation, and the Constipation Assessment Scale. Result The findings of this study conclude a significant relationship between daily nutritional intake (p=0.000) and fluid intake (p=0.032), and no significant relationships were found between the factors of constipation history (p=0.097), current medication (p=0.277), toilet facilities (p=0.153), physical mobility (p=0.590), age (p=0.066), gender (p=0.463), cancer type (p=0.503), chemotherapy regimen (p=0.627), and the occurrence of constipation in pediatric cancer patients at Dharmais Hospital Jakarta."

" ABSTRAK Demam neutropenia merupakan komplikasi yang terjadi paska kemoterapi.Tujuan Karya Ilmiah Akhir adalah menggambarkan aplikasi model adaptasi Roydalam merawat anak dengan kanker yang mengalami masalah demam neutropeniadan pencapaian kompetensi praktik spesialis keperawatan anak. Peran perawatyang dilakukan selama praktik adalah pemberi asuhan, advokator, konselor,pendidik, kolaborator, peneliti dan inovator berlandaskan etik dan legal dalamkeperawatan. Pendekatan model adaptasi Roy diaplikasikan pada 5 kasus danproses keperawatan yang dilalui adalah pengkajian perilaku, pengkajian stimulus,diagnosa keperawatan, tujuan keperawatan, intervensi dan evaluasi. Evaluasiyang didapat adalah nilai ANC lebih dari 1000 mm3 saat anak keluar dari ruangrawat demam neutropenia, dan gejala klinis mengalami perbaikan. Model adaptasiRoy dapat diterapkan pada anak kanker di ruang rawat anak dalam upayamencapai proses adaptasi dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup anak.ABSTRACT Neutropenic febrile is a complication effect of post chemotherapy treatment. This

final paper aimed to describe the application of Roy?s Adaptation Model in caring

for children with cancer experiencing neutropenic febrile and to describe the

achievement of pediatric nurse specialist student?s competencies in clinical

practice. During the residency programme, role as caregiver, advocate, educator,

collaborator, researcher, and innovator was conducted based on ethic and legal in

nursing issues. Roy?s Adaptation Model was implemented on 5 pediatric clients.

Nursing process was conducated by behavior and stimuli assessment, nursing

diagnosis, nursing outcome, intervention, and evaluation. The children with

neutropenia febrile experienced ANC value more than 1000m3 after the care.

Roy?s Adaptation Model can be applied in caring for children with cancer in order

to improve children?s quality of life."