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"Latar Belakang: Hipospadia mengenai 18,6 dari 10.000 angka kelahiran di Eropa pada tahun 2001 sampai dengan 2010. Pasien hipospadia ditatalaksana dengan pembedahan. Terjadinya pandemi menurunkan lama rawat inap pada pasien hipospadia, sehingga dapat berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya komplikasi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan lama rawat inap dan komplikasi pasca pembedahan hipospadia sebelum dan saat pandemi COVID-19. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain potong-lintang menggunakan dari data rekam medis pasien rawat inap pasca pembedahan hipospadia di RSCM yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Sebanyak 152 subjek sebelum pandemi (1 Januari 2017 hingga 31 Desember 2018) dan 152 subjek saat pandemi (11 Maret 2020 hingga tanggal 31 Desember 2021). Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji T tidak berpasangan untuk lama rawat inap dan uji fishcer untuk komplikasi. Hasil: Rerata lama rawat inap pasca pembedahan pada sebelum pandemi Covid-19 adalah sebesar 4,611 hari dan rerata lama rawat inap pasca pembedahan pada saat pandemi Covid-19 sebesar 3,269 hari (p < 0,001) signifikan. Terdapat perbedaan rerata lama rawat inap sebelum dan saat pandemi Covid- 19. Hubungan antara pandemi Covid-19 dengan komplikasi secara keseluruhan (p = 1,000) tidak signifikan. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermakna sebelum dan saat pandemi Covid-19 dengan lama rawat inap pasca tatalaksana pembedahan dan tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara sebelum dan saat pandemi Covid-19 dengan komplikasi.

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Background: Hypospadias affected 18.6 out of 10,000 births in Europe from 2001 to 2010. Hypospadias patients are treated with disease. The occurrence of a pandemic reduces the length of stay in hypospadias patients, so it can influence the occurrence of complications. Objective: This study aims to analyze differences in length of stay and complications after stopping hypospadias before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: This research is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design using medical record data from inpatients after hypospadias stenosis at RSCM who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. includes 152 subjects before the pandemic (1 January 2017 to 31 December 2018) and 152 subjects during the pandemic (11 March 2020 to 31 December 2021). The statistical tests used were the unpaired T test for length of stay and the Fishcer test for complications. Results: The average length of stay after surgery before the Covid-19 pandemic was 4,611 days and the average length of stay after surgery during the Covid-19 pandemic was 3,269 days (p < 0.001), which is significant. There is a difference in the average length of stay before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The relationship between the Covid-19 pandemic and overall complications (p = 1,000) was not significant. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship before and during the Covid-19 pandemic with length of stay after surgical treatment and there is no significant relationship between before and during the Covid-19 pandemic and complications."

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Latar belakang: Rumah sakit memiliki beban yang berat di masa pandemi COVID-19, karena harus berusaha mempertahankan kinerja dan juga tetap berperan aktif dalam penanggulangan pandemi COVID-19. Jumlah kunjungan pasien turun, baik di rawat jalan, IGD, maupun rawat inap. Tentunya ini bukan hal mudah khususnya untuk RS swasta. Turunnya pendapatan dan naiknya biaya menyebabkan profit RS menurun, risiko pengurangan karyawan untuk efisiensi, risiko pasien menjadi tidak terlayani, yang bila berlanjut dan tidak segera diantisipasi bisa menyebabkan RS terancam kolaps. Tesis ini menganalisis perbedaan kinerja RS Hermina Grand Wisata menggunakan pendekatan balanced scorecard (BSC) sebelum dan pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan kinerja RS Hermina Grand Wisata sebelum dan pada masa pandemi COVID- 19. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus menggunakan data sekunder. Data diambil dari laporan capaian kinerja RS Hermina Grand Wisata selama pandemi COVID-19 tahun 2020 dan 2021 disandingkan dengan laporan capaian kinerja pada tahun 2019 sebagai data pembanding. Data penelitian yang dikumpulkan akan dianalisis dengan melakukan uji normalitas terlebih dahulu pada kedua kelompok (kinerja sebelum dan pada saat pandemi), kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji repeated measures Anova untuk melihat ada tidaknya perbedaan kinerja rumah sakit sebelum dan pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji Post Hoc untuk melihat ada tidaknya perbedaan pada setiap variabel. Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat perbedaan kinerja yang signifikan pada perspektif pelanggan, yaitu pada variabel kepuasan pasien rawat jalan, rawat inap, dan IGD. Berdasarkan perspektif proses bisnis internal, pertumbuhan dan pembelajaran, serta keuangan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna. Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan kinerja sebelum dan pada masa pandemi COVID-19 pada perspektif pelanggan, yaitu pada indikator persentase kepuasan pasien rawat jalan, rawat inap, dan IGD. Saran: Rumah sakit melakukan upaya peningkatan jumlah pasien baru rawat jalan, melakukan efisiensi pemakaian tempat tidur, dan meningkatkan utilisasi aset untuk meningkatkan pendapatan.

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Background: Hospitals have a heavy burden during the COVID-19 pandemic, because they have to try to maintain performance and also continue to play an active role in overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic. The number of patient visits has decreased, both in outpatient, emergency department, and inpatient care. Of course, this is not an easy thing, especially for private hospitals. The decline in revenue and rising costs cause the hospital's profit to decrease, the risk of reducing employees for efficiency, the risk of patients being unserved, which if it continues and is not immediately anticipated can cause the hospital to be threatened with collapse. This thesis analyzes the differences in the performance of Hermina Grand Wisata Hospital using the balanced scorecard (BSC) approach before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: This study aims to determine the differences in the performance of Hermina Grand Wisata Hospital before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The design of this study was case study using secondary data. The data is taken from the report on the performance of the Hermina Grand Wisata Hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021, compared to the report on performance achievements in 2019 as comparison data. The research data collected will be analyzed by conducting a normality test first in both groups (performance before and during the pandemic), then followed by repeated measures Anova test to see whether there are differences in hospital performance before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the Post Hoc test was conducted to see whether there was a difference in each variable. Results: Based on the results of the study, there were significant differences in performance from the customer perspective, namely on the satisfaction variables of outpatients, inpatients, and the emergency department. Based on the perspective of internal business processes, growth and learning, and finance, there are no significant differences. Conclusion: There are differences in performance before and during the COVID-19 pandemic from the customer perspective, namely the percentage of satisfaction indicators for outpatients, inpatients, and emergency rooms. Suggestion: Hospitals make efforts to increase the number of new outpatients, make efficient use of beds, and increase asset utilization to increase income.

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"Pandemi Covid-19 telah menimbulkan reaksi panik irasional yang berdampak material yang memicu volatilitas di pasar saham akibat kekhawatiran atas risiko dan ketidakpastian di masa depan. Perilaku kawanan sering dikaitkan dengan kondisi pasar yang tidak stabil, di mana investor tidak melakukan analisis melainkan mengikuti euforia pasar dan merasa lebih aman mengikuti orang lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi perilaku herding sebelum dan pada saat terjadi pandemi Covid-19 dan melihat perbedaannya, serta menganalisa perilaku herding jika dikaitkan dengan tingkat volatilitas idiosinkratik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross sectional absolute deviation untuk mengukur perilaku herding dan single factor model untuk menghitung volatilitas idiosinkratik. Hasil empiris menunjukkan bahwa perilaku herding ditemukan sebelum pandemi Covid-19, namun tidak ditemukan pada periode saat terdapat pandemi Covid-19. Dalam lingkup sektoral, perilaku herding ditemukan pada subsektor industri telekomunikasi pada periode sebelum pandemi Covid-19 dan subsektor industri transportasi pada periode saat terjadi pandemi Covid-19. Selain itu, perilaku herding ditemukan pada portofolio dengan tingkat volatilitas idiosinkratik yang rendah dan tinggi pada periode sebelumpandemi Covid-19, namun tidak ditemukan pada seluruh portofolio dengan berbagai tingkat volatilitas idiosinkratik pada periode pandemi Covid-19.

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The Covid-19 pandemic has caused an irrational panic reaction with a material impact that triggers volatility in the stock market due to concerns over risks and uncertainties in the future. Herd behavior is often associated with unstable market conditions, where investors do not do analysis but follow the market euphoria and feel safer following others. This study aims to detect herding behavior before and during the Covid-19 pandemic, the difference, and analyze herding behavior whether it is associated with the level of idiosyncratic volatility. This study uses a cross-sectional absolute deviation method to measure herding behavior and a single factor model to calculate idiosyncratic volatility. Empirical results show that herding behavior was found before the Covid-19 pandemic, but not during the period when there was a Covid-19 pandemic. In the sectoral scope, herding behavior was found in the telecommunications industry sub-sector before the Covid-19 pandemic and the transportation industry sub-sector during the Covid-19 pandemic. In addition, herding behavior was found in portfolios with low and high levels of idiosyncratic volatility in the period before the Covid-19 pandemic, but not in all portfolios with various levels of idiosyncratic volatility during the COVID-19 pandemic."

"Dunia sedang mengalami pandemi Covid-19 karena CoronaVirus yang pertama kali muncul di Wuhan, China. Pandemi ini sudah berlangsung sejak 2020 awal dan berlanjut hingga skripsi ini dibentuk (Juni 2022). Banyak kehidupan yang berubah semenjak pandemi ini berlangsung diantaranya adalah berubahnya pola pembelajaran. Dari yang sebelum pandemi pembelajaran dilaksanakan di dalam ruang kelas, dan saat pandemi pembelajaran dilaksanakan secara daring/online. Penelitian ini akan membahas apakah terdapat pengaruh pandemi Covid-19 ini terhadap biaya untuk menjalani studi S2 di luar negeri. Kemudian, akan dilakukan pemetaan untuk tiap negara berdasarkan kelompok yang terbentuk dari teknik clustering. Adapun komponen harga yang digunakan adalah biaya spp atau tuition fee per tahun, biaya pembuatan visa pelajar, biaya transportasi satu arah, biaya sewa tempat tinggal per tahun, biaya hidup per tahun, dan total biaya studi S2 yang merupakan penjumlahan ke 5 komponen sebelumnya dengan memperhatikan waktu 2 tahun. Teknik yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji perbedaan dua populasi dan Clustering K-Means. Sebelumnya, dilakukan terlebih dahulu uji normalitas untuk menentukan uji yang akan dipakai. Didapatkan hasil uji normalitas Kolmogorov Smirnov bahwa data tidak berdistribusi normal, sehingga penelitian akan dilanjutkan menggunakan teknik Wilcoxon signed rank test atau Sign Test. Didapatkan dari hasil uji tiap variabel bahwa keenam komponen harga yang diteliti mengalami perubahan harga yang signifikan dari periode sebelum pandemi ke saat pandemi. Kemudian, dilakukanpen gelompokkan dengan teknik K-Means Clustering dan dibentuklah peta dunia dari hasil pengelompokkan sebelumnya.

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The world is on Covid-19 pandemic that are caused is CoronaVirus that first appeared in Wuhan, China. This pandemic has been going since early 2020 and continuing till now (June 2022). There are so many lifestyle changes since this pandemic happened, like study environment alteration. From attending classes before pandemic, to attending online classes when pandemic. This research will examine if Covid-19 pandemic affects master degree study costs outside of Indonesia. Then, a map will be made from K-Means Clustering method results. The price components that are used in this research are tuition fee per year, cost of making student visa, one way transportation cost, living cost per year, rent fee per year, and total cost for master study which is the sum of the 5 components before for 2 years duration. The technique that will be used on this research are population difference test. Before doing it, we need to do a normality test first to determine what test will be used. Obtained from Kolmogorov Smirnov test that the data are not normally distributed, hence this research will be continued using Wilcoxon Signed rank test or Sign Test. Acquired from the test that all six cost components change significantly from before pandemic period to in pandemic period. After that, K-Means clustering method will be done and the result will be used for making the map."

"Latar Belakang: The World Health Organization (WHO) telah menetapkan Corona Disease 2019 (COVID-19) sebagai pandemi. Untuk mengendalikan penyebaran virus SAR-CoV-2, pemerintah telah membuat berbagai kebijakan. Tempat kerja merupakan salah satu lokasi yang berpotensi menyebabkan penularan virus SAR-COV-2, salah satunya di sektor pertambangan. Di masa pandemi COVID-19, pengelolaan keselamatan pertambangan dihadapkan pada bahaya baru yaitu virus SARS-COV-2 dengan risiko penularan yang sangat cepat, yang memerlukan peningkatan pengelolaan keselamatan pertambangan dibandingkan sebelum pandemi COVID-19 terjadi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana pengelolaan keselamatan pertambangan di perusahaan batubara sebelum dan saat pandemi COVID-19. Metode: Menggunakan desain cross sectional, dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Penelitian dilakukan pada perusahaan batubara pada periode Oktober hingga Desember 2021. Sampel sebanyak 35 perusahaan dianalisis dengan menggunakan data kuantitatif yaitu telaah dokumen laporan RKAB 2017 hingga 2021. Hasil: Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh gambaran pengelolaan keselamatan pertambangan dengan capaian pengelolaan keselamatan pertambangan saat pandemi COVID-19 (2020-2021) lebih rendah dibandingkan sebelum pandemi COVID-19 (2017-2019 Kesimpulan: Dalam hal ini terbukti pandemi COVID-19 mempengaruhi pengelolaan keselamatan pertambangan, bahkan perusahaan yang tidak melakukan kegiatan penambangan karena kasus terpapar COVID-19.

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Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared Corona Disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a pandemic. To control the spread of the SAR-CoV-2 virus, the government has made various policies. The workplace is one of the locations that has the potential to cause the transmission of the SAR-COV-2 virus, one of which is in the mining sector. During the COVID-19 pandemic, mining safety management was faced with a new danger, namely the SARS-COV-2 virus with a very rapid risk of transmission, which required improved management compared to before the COVID-19 pandemic occurred. Objective: This research is aimed to see how mining safety management in coal companies before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Using a cross sectional design, with quantitative and qualitative approaches. The study was conducted on coal companies in the period from October to December 2021. A sample of 35 companies was analyzed using quantitative data, namely document review from the 2017 to 2021 RKAB reports. Result: Based on the research that has been done, an overview of mining safety management in the process of mining activities is obtained. Mining safety management achievement data during the COVID-19 (2020-2021) pandemic is lower than before the COVID-19 pandemic (2017-2019 Conclusion: In this case it is proven that the COVID-19 pandemic affects mining safety management, even companies that do not perform mining activities due to cases of being exposed to COVID-19.

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"Pandemi Covid-19 juga memberikan banyak pengaruh terhadap adopsi perilaku Afina Khoirunnisa Hidayatg pada remaja yang melibatkan konsumsi makanan tinggi gula, garam dan lemak (GGL) meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan frekuensi tinggi GGL sebelum dan saat pandemi Covid-19 pada siswa SMA. Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah cross sectional. Variabel dependen meliputi frekuensi konsumsi tinggi gula (cake/roti/donat/kue basah, minuman kopi, soft drink dan minuman kemasan), frekuensi konsumsi tinggi garam (chiki/snack, mie instan, makanan kalengan dan frozen food) dan frekuensi konsumsi tinggi lemak (French fries, fried chicken, burger/kebab/hotdog, pasta, makanan bersantan, makanan berlemak, tahu goreng, tempe goreng, ubi/sukun/pisang/cempedak/singkong goreng, perkedel/bakwan, risoles/panada/pastel, roti goreng dan kerupuk/keripik) serta variabel pendukung yaitu karakteristik individu dan karakteristik keluarga. Hasil analisis univariat menujukkan rata- rata terjadi penurunan frekuensi konsumsi pada siswa SMAN 1 Liwa dan SMAN 2 Liwa, hanya dua vaiabel yang mengalami kenaikan konsumsi yaitu minuman bersoda dan makanan kaleng. Perbedaan frekuensi konsumsi tinggi gula, garam dan lemak sebelum dan saat pandemi Covid-19 yang signifikan ditemukan pada frekuensi cake/roti/donat/kue basah (p-value=0.001) konsumsi minuman kopi (p-value=0.045), minuman kemasan (p- value=0.000), minuman bersoda (p-value=0.000), Snack/chiki (p-value=0.000), makanan kaleng (p-value=0.000), kentang goreng (p-value=0.000), fried chicken (p-value=0.004), burger/kebab/hotdog/pizza (p-value=0.000), pasta (p-value=0.000), makanan bersantan (p-value=0.005), rendang/jeroan (p-value=0.006), tahu goreng (p-value=0.000), tempe goreng (p-value=0.000), risoles/panada/pastel (p-value=0.001) dan kerupuk (p-value=0.012).

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The Covid-19 pandemic has also had a lot of influence on the adoption of comfort eating behavior in adolescents which involves increasing consumption of foods high in sugar, salt and fat (GGL). This study aims to see the difference in the high frequency of GGL before and during the Covid-19 pandemic in high school students. The research design used in this study was cross sectional. The dependent variables include the frequency of high consumption of sugar (cake/roti/donat/kue basah, minuman kopi, soft drink dan minuman kemasan), the frequency of high consumption of salt (chiki/snacks, mie instan, makanan kaleng and frozen food) and the frequency of high-fat consumption (French fries, fried chicken, burger/kebab/hotdog, pasta, makanan bersantan, makanan berlemak, tahu goreng, tempe goreng, ubi/sukun/pisang/cempedak/singkong goreng, perkedel/bakwan, risoles/panada/pastel, roti goreng dan kerupuk/keripik) as well as supporting variables, namely individual characteristics and family characteristics. The results of the univariate analysis showed that on average there was a decrease in the frequency of consumption in SMAN 1 Liwa and SMAN 2 Liwa students, only two variables experienced an increase in consumption, namely soft drinks and canned food. Significant differences in the frequency of high sugar, salt and fat consumption before and during the Covid-19 pandemic were found in the frequency of cake/roti/donat/kue basah (p-value=0.001) konsumsi minuman kopi (p-value=0.045), minuman kemasan (p-value=0.000), minuman bersoda (p- value=0.000), Snack/chiki (p-value=0.000), makanan kaleng (p-value=0.000), kentang goreng (p-value=0.000), fried chicken (p-value=0.004), burger/kebab/hotdog/pizza (p-value=0.000), pasta (p-value=0.000), makanan bersantan (p-value=0.005), rendang/jeroan (p-value=0.006), tahu goreng (p-value=0.000), tempe goreng (p-value=0.000), risoles/panada/pastel (p-value=0.001) dan kerupuk (p-value=0.012)."

"Latar Belakang: Acute Limb Ischemia (ALI) merupakan kondisi yang mengancam fungsi tungkai hingga keberlangsungan hidup seseorang. Corona Virus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19), telah menjadi pandemi sejak diumumkan oleh World Health Orgazination (WHO) pada Maret 2020, berdampak dalam penundaan diagnosis dan penanganan penyakit termasuk penyakit non COVID-19. Trombosis merupakan salah satu etiologi ALI diketahui meningkat kejadiannya sebagai komplikasi COVID-19. Namun, studi terkait karakteristik pasien ALI terkait pandemi COVID-19 tidak banyak dilakukan, terutama di Indonesia. Metode: Studi kohort retrospektif karakteristik pasien ALI di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta pada tahun 2018-2022. Seluruh pasien kemudian dibagi menjadi kelompok sebelum pandemi dan selama pandemi dengan batas Maret 2023. Keluaran yang dianalisis adalah keberhasilan revaskularisasi, re-intervensi, dan mortalitas saat perawatan. Analisis data menggunakan SPSS for Mac versi 25 secara bivariat dan multivariat. Hasil: Sebanyak 81 pasien menjadi subjek penelitian terdiri dari 28 (34,6%) pasien pada periode sebelum pandemi dan 53 (65,4%) pasien pada periode selama pandemi COVID-19. Pada periode selama pandemi COVID-19 didapatkan bahwa lebih banyak pasien rujukan (p = 0,001). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kedua periode pandemi terhadap keberhasilan revaskularisasi (p = 0,013) tapi tidak pada keluaran re-intervensi dan mortalitas saat perawatan. Pada periode selama pandemi COVID-19, didapatkan 13 pasien yang memiliki riwayat/terkonfirmasi COVID-19 dengan keluaran yang secara deskriptif sebanding. Pada analisis multivariat, penggunaan fluoroskopi dan trombektomi memengaruhi keluaran keberhasilan revaskularisasi; klasifikasi Rutherford memengaruhi keluaran re-intervensi; dislipidemia, penyakit jantung, dan fluoroskopi memengaruhi keluaran mortalitas saat perawatan. Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan keluaran tatalaksana pasien ALI sebelum dan selama pandemi COVID-19 pada keluaran keberhasilan revaskularisasi. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang memengaruhi keluaran pasien ALI sebelum dan selama pandemi COVID-19

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Background: Acute Limb Ischemia (ALI) is a condition that threatens limb function and the survival of a patient. Corona Virus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19), has become a pandemic since it was announced by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 2020, causing delays in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases including non-COVID-19 diseases. Thrombosis is one of the etiologies of ALI known to increase its incidence as a complication of COVID-19. However, there are not many studies regarding the characteristics of ALI patients related to the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in Indonesia. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of the characteristics of ALI patients at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta in 2018-2022. All patients were then divided into groups before the pandemic and during the pandemic with a deadline of March 2023. The outcomes analyzed were revascularization success, re-intervention, and mortality during treatment. Data analysis used SPSS for Mac version 25 in bivariate and multivariate ways. Results: A total of 81 patients were the subjects of the study consisting of 28 (34.6%) patients in the pre-pandemic period and 53 (65.4%) patients in the period during the COVID-19 pandemic. During the period during the COVID-19 pandemic, it was found that there were more referral patients (p = 0.001). There was a significant difference between the two pandemic periods on revascularization success (p = 0.013) but not on re-intervention outcomes and on-hospital mortality. During the period during the COVID-19 pandemic, there were 13 patients who had a history/confirmed COVID-19 with outcomes that were descriptively comparable. In multivariate analysis, the use of fluoroscopy and thrombectomy influenced the outcome of successful revascularization; Rutherford's classification influenced re-intervention outcomes; dyslipidemia, heart disease, and fluoroscopy affect the outcome of in-hospital mortality. Conclusion: There are differences in the outcome of the management of ALI patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the outcome of revascularization success. There are several factors that influence patient outcomes for ALI before and during the COVID-19 pandemic."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat situasi makroekonomi sebelum dan selama COVID-19 dengan mengevaluasi bagaimana pandemi COVID-19 mempengaruhi aktivitas kredit perbankan, dan menganalisis faktor-faktor kinerja perbankan yang terkait dengan risiko kredit, seperti modal, ukuran bank, net interest margin, Return on Asset, Return on Equity dan pertumbuhan kredit. Selanjutnya akan dipelajari apakah terdapat perbedaan atau pengaruh yang berdampak signifikan terhadap risiko kredit sebelum dan selama pandemi COVID-19. Hal berikutnya yang dilakukan dalam studi ini adalah menentukan relevansi faktor risiko kredit tersebut sebelum dan saat pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif berdasarkan analisis regresi berganda dan pendekatan deskriptif untuk menyesuaikan metode evaluasi dengan kondisi tertentu. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa kinerja bank terkait risiko kredit sebelum dan selama COVID-19 berbeda. Dalam hal ini, diharapkan manajemen bank dapat menyusun strategi mitigasi risiko berdasarkan hasil tersebut.

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The research seeks to investigate macroeconomics before and during the COVID-19 by evaluating how the COVID-19 pandemic affected banking credit activity, and analyzing banking performance factors associated with credit risk, such as capital, bank size, net interest margin, return on asset, return on equity and credit growth. The differences or influences that have a significant impact on credit risk before and during the COVID-19 pandemic is then studied. Furthermore, determining its relevance is an important aspect of this work. This research employs a quantitative strategy based on multiple regression analysis and a descriptive approach to fit an evaluation method with a particular condition. The results revealed that the bank performance related to credit risk before and during the COVID-19 was different. In this case, it is expected that bank management can prepare a risk mitigation strategy based on these results."

"Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui preferensi merumah generasi milenial Jabodetabek sebelum dan saat pandemi COVID-19, kemudian kedua isu tersebut dianalisis perbedaannya untuk mengetahui transformasi perubahan yang terjadi. Untuk mengetahui preferensi generasi milenial di Jabodetabek, sebelumnya perlu dilakukan pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran dan pengisian kuesioner. Data yang diperoleh kemudian di analisis kuantitatif menggunakan metode deskriptif dan regresi sehingga diketahui pengaruh dari suatu variabel terhadap variabel lainnya. Berdasarkan dari hasil pengumpulan data 423 responden, ke-empat norma, yaitu norma ruang, lokasi, lingkungan dan ekonomi, terdapat variabel yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan dalam preferensi merumah generasi milenial Jabodetabek. Pada norma ruang, banyak orang yang memiliki rasa cemas untuk bertemu dengan orang lain sehingga fungsi teras dan ruang tamu berubah. Pada norma lokasi, lokasi hunian dekat dengan fasilitas olahraga/kebugaran dan fasilitas kesehatan juga menjadi perhatian responden. Selain itu, pada norma lingkungan, lingkungan yang bersih menjadi tuntutan kebutuhan agar kita terhindar dari bahaya virus. Kehadiran balai warga juga menjadi perhatian, karena kerumunan yang terjadi bertolak belakang dengan anjuran untuk menjauhi kerumunan. Gaya hidup boros yang sudah menjadi kebiasan generasi milenial berubah dengan hadirnya pandemi. Faktor kesehatan dapat menjadi konsep untuk memahami mengapa norma merumah dan preferensi merumah generasi milenial mengalami perubahan dimasa pandemi COVID-19.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the housing preferences of the Jabodetabek millennial generation before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, then the differences between the two issues were analyzed to determine the transformation of changes that occurred. To find out the preferences of the millennial generation in Jabodetabek, previously it was necessary to collect data through distributing and filling out questionnaires. The data obtained is then analyzed quantitatively using the descriptive and regression method so that it is known the effect of one variable on other variables. Based on the results of data collection from 423 respondents, the four norms, namely the norms of space, location, environment and economy, there are variables that have a significant influence on the housing preferences of the Jabodetabek millennial generation. In space norms, many people have anxiety about meeting other people so that the function of the terrace and guest room changes. In terms of location, residential locations close to sports facilities and health facilities are also a concern of respondents. In addition, in a normal environment, a clean environment is a necessity so that we avoid the dangers of viruses. The presence of the community hall is also a concern, because the crowding that occurred was contrary to the recommendation to stay away from the crowd. The extravagant lifestyle that has become a habit of the millennial generation has changed with the presence of the pandemic. Health factors can be a concept to understand why the housing norms and housing preferences for the millennial generation have changed during the COVID-19 pandemic."

"Dua tahun pandemi COVID-19, perusahaan mulai kembali memberlakukan WFO dan mulai mempertimbangkan sistem kerja baru yaitu remote working. Perubahan sistem kerja ini berdampak pada perubahan job context (hubungan interpersonal, home-work interface) dan job content (desain ruang kerja, beban kerja, durasi waktu kerja, sistem kerja) yang dapat menyebabkan bahaya psikososial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor psikososial terhadap stres kerja pada pekerja perkantoran sebelum dan saat pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada pekerja perkantoran yang bekerja dengan sistem WFH dan hybrid (WFH+WFO) di DKI Jakarta pada bulan Juni sampai Juli 2022 dengan menyebarkan kuesioner secara online (google form) kepada 142 responden. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Chi-Square dan t-test. Dari hasil analisis Chi-Square terdapat hubungan yang signifikan untuk variabel desain ruang kerja sebelum pandemi (p 0,005), beban kerja sebelum pandemi (p 0,003) dan saat pandemi (p 0,000), serta durasi waktu kerja saat pandemi (p 0,050) terhadap stres kerja. Dari hasil uji t-test terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan antara stres kerja sebelum dan saat pandemi (1,19; Sig.2-tailed 0,005), beban kerja sebelum dan saat pandemi (0,56; Sig.2-tailed 0,001), serta durasi waktu kerja sebelum dan saat pandemi (0.42; Sig.2-tailed 0,000). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa variabel tersebut berpengaruh pada stres kerja yang dialami oleh pekerja perkantoran sebelum dan saat pandemi COVID-19 di DKI Jakarta.

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Two years the COVID-19 pandemic, companies have started to re-enforce WFO and are starting to consider a new work system, namely remote working. This work system has an impact on changes in job context (interpersonal relations, home-work interface) and job content (workspace design, workload, working time duration, work system) which can cause psychosocial hazards. This study aims to analyze psychosocial factors on work stress in office workers before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design. The research was conducted on office workers working with the WFH and hybrid systems (WFH+WFO) in DKI Jakarta from June to July 2022 by distributing questionnaires online (google form) to 142 respondents. The analysis used in this study is the Chi-Square and t-test. From the results of the Chi-Square analysis there is a significant relationship for workspace design variables before the pandemic (p 0.005), workload before the pandemic (p 0.003) and during the pandemic (p 0.000), and working time duration during the pandemic (p 0.050) to work stress. From the results of the t-test there was a significant increase between work stress before and during the pandemic (1.19; Sig.2-tailed 0.005), workload before and during the pandemic (0.56; Sig.2-tailed 0.001), and duration of working time before and during the pandemic (0.42; Sig.2-tailed 0.000). The conclusion from this study is that these variables affect the work stress experienced by office workers before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in DKI Jakarta."