Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Islamisme mengalami pertumbuhan pesat pasca Orde Baru, salah satunya dalam ranah budaya populer. Penelitian ini menganalisis perlawanan terhadap hegemoni budaya Barat melalui identitas keislaman dalam novel Ja’a Jutek (2012) karya Isma Kazee dan Jilbab in Love (2014) karya Asma Nadia. Metode yang digunakan bersifat kualitatif dalam bentuk kajian tekstual. Tiga teori yang digunakan yakni Analisis Wacana Kritis Norman Fairclough, Hegemoni dan Counter-Hegemony Gramsci. Tujuan dari penelitian ini hendak menunjukkan kontribusi Forum Lingkar Pena dan Komunitas Matapena terkait kebangkitan sastra remaja bernuansa Islam pasca-Orde Baru. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan konstruksi wacana identitas Islam tradisional dan modern dalam kedua novel. Novel Ja’a Jutek menekankan nilai-nilai keislaman substansial bersifat tradisional dan Jilbab in Love fokus pada formalisasi ajaran Islam dan simbol keagamaan. Dalam dimensi mikro, terlihat penggunaan Bahasa Arab dan Bahasa Jawa di Ja’a Jutek, sementara Jilbab in Love mengadopsi Bahasa Arab gerakan Ikhwanul Muslimin dan Bahasa Inggris slank. Kedua novel menjalankan negosiasi antara budaya Islam dan gaya novel remaja Barat, menciptakan wacana counterculture terhadap westernisasi dalam teenlit tahun 2000-an. Hegemoni budaya Barat yang diangkat melibatkan ideologi kosumerisme, liberalisme, dan hedonisme. Kedua pengarang menggunakan War of Position sebagai strategi counter hegemony; Ja’a Jutek menolak kompromi terhadap budaya Barat negatif, sementara Jilbab in Love melakukan negosiasi nilai-nilai keislaman dengan budaya Barat dan memanfaatkan oposisi biner serta pembalikan keadaan. Walaupun keduanya menggunakan sastra sebagai alat dakwah, model komunikasi dakwah FLP lebih dinamis karena menyesuaikan dengan pemikiran masyarakat urban yang cenderung lebih modern.

---

Islamism experienced rapid growth after the New Order regime, including in popular culture. This research analyzes the resistance to Western cultural hegemony through Islamic identity in the novels Ja’a Jutek (2012) by Isma Kazee and Jilbab in Love (2014) by Asma Nadia. The method used is qualitative in the form of textual studies. The three theories used are Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis, Gramsci’s Hegemony and Counter-Hegemony. The purpose of this research is to show the contribution of Forum Lingkar Pena and Matapena Community regarding the revival of Islamic teen literature in the post-New Order era. The results show the construction of traditional and modern Islamic identity discourses in both novels. The novel Ja’a Jutek emphasizes traditional substantial Islamic values and Jilbab in Love focuses on the formalization of Islamic teachings and religious symbols. In the micro dimension, we see the use of Arabic and Javanese in Ja’a Jutek, while Jilbab in Love adopts the Arabic of the Ikhwanul Muslimin and the English of Slank. Both novels negotiate between Islamic culture and Western teen novel style, creating a counterculture discourse against westernization in 2000s teenlit. The Western cultural hegemony raised involves the ideologies of consumerism, liberalism and hedonism. Both authors use War of Position as a counter hegemony strategy; Ja’a Jutek refuses to compromise on negative Western culture, while Jilbab in Love negotiates Islamic values with Western culture and utilizes binary opposition and reversal. Although both use literature as a tool of da’wah, FLP’s model of da’wah communication is more dynamic as it adapts to the thinking of urbanites who tend to be more modern."

"Tesis ini meneliti perlawanan terhadap dominasi tersamar melalui novel gratis berjudul Persepolis: 77ze Story of A Childhood karya Marjane Satrapi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan paradigma konstruktivis-kritis. Kemudian, semiotik Roland Barthes digunakan untuk menganalisis tiga subjudul yang ada dalam buku komik tersebut, yaitu The Veil, The Trip, dan Kim Wilde, sehingga akan terungkap mitos di balik itu. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa komik tidak hanya sebagai alat penyebar hegemoni, tetapi alat untuk melawan adanya hegemoni itu sendiri. Melalui penggambaran kembaii hegemoni dan penggambaran perlawanan terhadap hegemoni, komik menjadi alat untuk melawan hegemoni terhadap kelas berkuasa di Iran yang mengeluarkan kebijakan kewajiban memakai jilbab untuk perempuan.

---

This thesis examine resistance of hidden domination through grapich novel Persepolis: The Story of A ChiI$xood by Marjane Satrapi. This research is qualitative method with critical-eonstructionism paradigm. Then, semiotic of Roland Barthes is used to reveal myth in three subtitle (The Veil, The Trip, and Kim Wilde) of the comic.

The result of this research reveal that comic was not only a tool to spread hegemoni, but a tool to resist that hegernoni. From repeatedly description of hegemoni and resistance of that hegemoni, comic become tool to resist hegemoni to powerful class in Iran which made a policy about obligation of wear veil to Iran’s woman."

"Manga sebagai salah satu bagian dari kebudayaan populer Jepang memiliki satu genre yang unik yaitu Boys Love (BL). Genre ini berfokus kepada romansa yang terjadi di antara dua orang laki-laki homoseksual. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori wacana dan menggunakan metode semiotika untuk mengkaji tanda-tanda yang terdapat di dalam manga Boys Love. Tanda-tanda tersebut melingkupi apa yang menggambarkan anti-heteronormativitas dan anti-hegemoni maskulinitas dalam masyarakat Jepang. Melalui kajian tanda dalam manga tersebut, diharapkan perlawanan-perlawanan terhadap wacana heteronormativitas dan hegemoni maskulinitas dapat dilihat dan diteliti secara mendalam.

---

Manga as one aspect of Japanese Popular Culture has one unique genre called Boys Love (BL). This genre focuses on romance between homosexual men. This research uses discourse theory and semiotic method to decipher the signs contained in Boys Love manga. Those signs includes the depictions of anti-heteronormativity and anti-hegemonic masculinity in Japanese society. Through the sign deciphering, it is expected that the oppositions against heteronormativity and hegemonic masculinity can be seen and researched thoroughly."

"Dunia pascakolonialisme Islam masih terus dibayang-bayangi oleh ambisi hegemoni Barat sebagai akibat dari mentalitas panjang kolonialisme dan bias orientalisme. Momentum ketegangan antara dua dunia Islam dan Barat mencapai puncaknya ketika serangan 9/11 mengguncang Amerika Serikat. Melalui propaganda media, Islam menjadi kambing hitam dan diwacanakan sebagai agama yang penuh dengan kekerasan dan menginspirasi terorisme. Sebagai seorang “Kiai” dari kalangan Islam tradisional yang memimpin organisasi masyarakat terbesar di Indonesia, Nahdlatul Ulama, Kiai Hasyim Muzadi mengkampanyekan wacana Islam sebagai agama yang damai dan menolak aksi-aksi kekerasan di kancah internasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) meganalisis dan menjelaskan latar belakang peristiwa yang memengaruhi Kiai Hasyim Muzadi dalam melawan hegemoni dunia Barat, terutama Amerika Serikat, di dunia Islam; 2) menjelaskan basis pemikiran yang melatarbelakangi Kiai Hasyim Muzadi dalam melakukan resistensi atas wacana hegemoni dunia Barat, terutama Amerika Serikat, di dunia Islam; 3) menganalisis dan menjelaskan strategi Kiai Hasyim Muzadi dalam merespons aksi hegemonik dunia Barat, terutama Amerika Serikat, atas dunia Islam dalam perspektif studi pascakolonial. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan sejarah intelektual. Penulis menemukan bahwa perlawanan Kiai Hasyim Muzadi dilatarbelakangi oleh peristiwa 9/11 yang berdampak pada meningkatnya Islamofobia di dunia Barat. Beliau mengusung “Islam Rahmatan Lil ‘Alamin” sebagai basis pemikiran sekaligus wacana tandingan melawan wacana Islam radikal yang berkembang dalam internal maupun eksternal Islam. Strategi pascakolonialisme yang dilakukan Kiai Hasyim adalah dengan melakukan mimikri melalui pembentukan International Conference of Islamic Scholars (ICIS) sehingga gagasannya dapat diterima secara lebih luas, khususnya di dunia Barat. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa perjuangan yang dilakukan oleh Kiai Hasyim dalam melawan hegemoni dunia Barat, terutama Amerika Serikat, atas dunia Islam adalah perjuangan pascakolonialisme dalam upaya menundukkan Timur sebagai subjek yang melawan neokolonialisme Barat.

---

Islamic postcolonial world still in the behind of Western hegemony’s shadows as the result of long mentality of the colonialism and orientalism bias. The tension between Islamic world and Western world hit its peak momentum by the 9/11 strike which occurred in the United States. By the propaganda of media, Islam was scapegoated and discoursed as the religion of violence and inspired terrorism. As a “Kiai” or traditional Islamic cleric who led the biggest Islamic organization in Indonesia, Nahdlatul Ulama, Hasyim Muzadi was campaigning Islamic discourse in the international stage as a religion of peace which refusing any kind of violence. This article aims to 1) examine and explain the background events which influenced Hasyim Muzadi to fight against Western hegemony, especially the United States, on Islamic world; 2) explain the basis of thoughts which encouraged Hasyim Muzadi to resist the discourse of Western hegemony, especially the United States, on Islamic world; 3) examine and explain the strategy of Hasyim Muzadi to response Western hegemonic acts, especially the United States, on Islamic world with postcolonial studies perspective. This article uses qualitative research with intellectual history approach. The author finds that the resistance of Hasyim Muzadi was driven by the 9/11 event which increased Islamophobia in the Western world. He promoted “Islam Rahmatan Lil ‘Alamin” as the basis of thoughts and counter-discourse resisting Islamic radicalism discourse which developed inside and outside Islamic society. Hasyim Muzadi adopted mimicry as the postcolonial strategy by creating the International Conference of Islamic Scholars so his ideas could be accepted wider, especially in the Western world. The author concludes that the struggle of Hasyim Muzadi to resist Western hegemony, especially the United States, on Islamic world was a postcolonial struggle to make the East as a subject which resisted Western neo-colonialism."

"[Konsep hegemoni seringkali digunakan dalam mempelajari ilmu hubunganinternasional, khususnya dalam istilah sistem internasional dan stabilitasinternasional. Konsep tersebut secara umum digunakan dalam media yangmembahas politik internasional. Namun terdapat kecenderungan bahwa adanyakekurangan keseragaman dalam memahami hegemoni secara umum. Ulasanliteratur ini memiliki sasaran untuk memperdalam inti dari konsep tersebut, yaituterkait pembuatannya. Untuk menjelaskan pembentukannya, ulasan inimengembangkan empat klasifikasi terkait bagaimana konsep hegemoni dapatterbentuk, yaitu prasyarat, karakteristik, ekspresi, dan sikap Negara-negarabawahan. Kemudian, tiga tipologi akan dikembangkan dari proses ini, seperipandangan Realis-Liberalis, pandangan Struktural, dan pandangan Rezim.Berbagai tipologi tersebut selanjutnya diimplementasikan dalam mempelajariperkembangan konsep hegemoni secara kronologis. Melalui studi secarakronologis, ulasan ini menemukan bahwa terdapat perubahan tren dalambagaimana pembentukan hegemoni dipandang, yang mana pada awalnyacenderung berfokus pada material power yang kemudian berkembang menjadibentuk hegemoni yang lebih kooperatif dan lebih lunak. Variasi dalam memahamipembentukan hegemoni dan juga bagaimana hal tersebut berubah seiring waktutersebut menunjukkan mengapa penggambaran dari hegemoni itu sendiriseringkali tidak terdapat kesatuan. Hal ini juga menunjukkan bagaimana duniapolitik kontemporer lebih berfokus pada perilaku multilateral dan kooperatifantara negara-negara daripada negara tunggal dalam jumlah yang lebih besar.Pada akhirnya, ulasan ini mengusulkan bahwa perkembangan terkini dari konsephegemoni dapat digunakan oleh negara-negara berkembang demi keuntunganmereka sendiri.;The concept of hegemony is often used in studying international relations,especially in terms of international system and international stability. It is acommonly used term in news of international politics. Nevertheless, itsconception is often not fully understood by those who use the term. It seems likethere is lack of uniformity in the common understanding of hegemony. Thisliterature review aims to deepen the core of the concept, which is its constitution.In order to explore its constitution, this review develops four classifications inhow hegemony is constituted, which are preconditions, characteristics, expression,and attitude of the subordinate states. Three typologies are developed from thisprocess, which are Realist-Liberalist view, Structural view, and Regime view.These typologies are then implemented in studying the development of theconcept of hegemony chronologically. Through the chronological study, thereview found that there was a change of trend in how the constitution ofhegemony is viewed, which initially tended to focus on material power whichlater developed into more softer, cooperative form of hegemony. The variation inunderstanding of the constitution of hegemony and also how it changed along thetime shows why the conception of hegemony is often not unitary. It also showedwhy the contemporary world politics focuses more on cooperative and multilateralbehaviors between states rather than preponderance of a single state. As a result,the review suggests that the current development of concept of hegemony couldbe utilized by the developing countries to their benefits.;The concept of hegemony is often used in studying international relations,especially in terms of international system and international stability. It is acommonly used term in news of international politics. Nevertheless, itsconception is often not fully understood by those who use the term. It seems likethere is lack of uniformity in the common understanding of hegemony. Thisliterature review aims to deepen the core of the concept, which is its constitution.In order to explore its constitution, this review develops four classifications inhow hegemony is constituted, which are preconditions, characteristics, expression,and attitude of the subordinate states. Three typologies are developed from thisprocess, which are Realist-Liberalist view, Structural view, and Regime view.These typologies are then implemented in studying the development of theconcept of hegemony chronologically. Through the chronological study, thereview found that there was a change of trend in how the constitution ofhegemony is viewed, which initially tended to focus on material power whichlater developed into more softer, cooperative form of hegemony. The variation inunderstanding of the constitution of hegemony and also how it changed along thetime shows why the conception of hegemony is often not unitary. It also showedwhy the contemporary world politics focuses more on cooperative and multilateralbehaviors between states rather than preponderance of a single state. As a result,the review suggests that the current development of concept of hegemony couldbe utilized by the developing countries to their benefits., The concept of hegemony is often used in studying international relations,especially in terms of international system and international stability. It is acommonly used term in news of international politics. Nevertheless, itsconception is often not fully understood by those who use the term. It seems likethere is lack of uniformity in the common understanding of hegemony. Thisliterature review aims to deepen the core of the concept, which is its constitution.In order to explore its constitution, this review develops four classifications inhow hegemony is constituted, which are preconditions, characteristics, expression,and attitude of the subordinate states. Three typologies are developed from thisprocess, which are Realist-Liberalist view, Structural view, and Regime view.These typologies are then implemented in studying the development of theconcept of hegemony chronologically. Through the chronological study, thereview found that there was a change of trend in how the constitution ofhegemony is viewed, which initially tended to focus on material power whichlater developed into more softer, cooperative form of hegemony. The variation inunderstanding of the constitution of hegemony and also how it changed along thetime shows why the conception of hegemony is often not unitary. It also showedwhy the contemporary world politics focuses more on cooperative and multilateralbehaviors between states rather than preponderance of a single state. As a result,the review suggests that the current development of concept of hegemony couldbe utilized by the developing countries to their benefits.]"

"Nowadays retail industry is in hypercompetitive arena. The modern retail volume and store quantity has increase significantly.Ironically,traditional market has decrease significantly,whereas it has important benefit for marginal/ordinary people...."