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"Latar belakang: Pasien Talasemia Mayor (TM) anak menderita defisiensi nutrisi karena asupan nutrisi yang tidak mencukupi. Penghindaran makanan kaya zat besi seringkali bersamaan dengan pembatasan asupan protein. Asupan mikronutrien termasuk magnesium lebih rendah dibandingkan anak normal. Fungsi otot lebih awal terganggu akibat defisiensi nutrisi daripada massa otot. Penilaian massa otot dan Hand Grip Strength (HGS) menjadi penting untuk mengevaluasi status gizi. Hingga saat ini belum ada penelitian di Indonesia yang mengevaluasi hubungan antara HGS dengan asupan kalori, protein dan magnesium, LILA dan massa otot pasien anak TM.Metode: Penelitian dengan desain studi potong lintang melibatkan 70 pasien TM anak, berusia 6-18 tahun di Pusat Talasemia RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo. Status gizi dievaluasi disertai pengukuran lingkar lengan atas (LILA). Asupan kalori, protein dan magnesium diperoleh melalui metode analisis diet semi-kuantitatif Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) dan Magnesium FFQ (MgFFQ). Kadar Mg serum dinilai dengan menggunakan metode enzimatik-kalorimetri. Massa otot diukur menggunakan Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) dan HGS dinilai menggunakan Dinamometer tangan JamarHasil: Status gizi berdasarkan LILA/U sebagian besar berstatus gizi baik 42,9% dan malnutrisi 57,1% yakni gizi kurang (30,0%), gizi buruk (25,7%), dan obesitas (1,4%). Rerata kecukupan energi pada anak TM lelaki 100% (SB 17), sedangkan anak perempuan sebesar 112% (SB 27). Rerata asupan protein dan magnesium pada kedua kelompok lebih tinggi dibanding kebutuhan AKG. HGS berkorelasi kuat dengan massa otot (r=0,82), berkorelasi sedang dengan LILA (r=0,60), dan berkorelasi lemah dengan asupan kalori (r=-0,27), protein (r=-0,33) dan magnesium (r=-0,23), serta kadar magnesium (r=0,26). Hipermagnesemia dijumpai pada 23% subyek penelitian. Simpulan: Lebih dari separuh anak Talasemia mengalami malnutrisi walaupun asupan cukup. HGS berkorelasi dengan asupan nutrisi, LILA, dan massa otot.

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Background: Pediatric Thalassemia Major (TM) patients suffer from nutritional deficiencies due to insufficient nutritional intake. Avoidance of iron-rich foods often coincides with limiting protein intake. Micronutrient intake including magnesium is lower than in normal children. Muscle function is impaired earlier due to nutritional deficiencies than muscle mass. Assessment of muscle mass and Hand Grip Strength (HGS) is important for evaluating nutritional status. Until now there has been no research in Indonesia that evaluates the relationship between HGS and calorie, protein, and magnesium intake, LILA, and muscle mass in pediatric TM patients.

Methods: This research with a cross-sectional study design involved 70 pediatric TM patients, aged 6-18 years at the Thalassemia Center of RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo. Nutritional status is evaluated by measurement of mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). Calorie, protein, and magnesium intake was obtained through semi- quantitative dietary analysis methods Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) and Magnesium FFQ (MgFFQ). Serum Mg levels were assessed using the enzymatic calorimetric method. Muscle mass was measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) and HGS was assessed using a Jamar hand dynamometer.

Results: Nutritional status based on LILA/U was mostly good nutritional status 42.9% and malnutrition 57.1%, namely undernutrition (30.0%), poor nutrition (25.7%), and obesity (1.4%). The average energy adequacy for TM boys is 100% (SD 17), while for girls it is 112% (SD 27). The average intake of protein and magnesium in both groups was higher than the RDA requirements. HGS is strongly correlated with muscle mass (r=0.82), moderately correlated with LILA (r=0.60), and weakly correlated with calorie intake (r=-0.27), protein (r=-0.33), and magnesium (r=-0.23), as well as magnesium levels (r=0.26). Hypermagnesemia was found in 23% of study subjects.

Conclusion: More than half of Thalassemia children experience malnutrition despite adequate intake. HGS correlates with nutritional intake, MUAC, and muscle mass."

"Latar belakang: Pasien Talasemia Mayor (TM) anak menderita defisiensi nutrisi karena asupan nutrisi yang tidak mencukupi. Penghindaran makanan kaya zat besi seringkali bersamaan dengan pembatasan asupan protein. Asupan mikronutrien termasuk magnesium lebih rendah dibandingkan anak normal. Fungsi otot lebih awal terganggu akibat defisiensi nutrisi daripada massa otot. Penilaian massa otot dan Hand Grip Strength (HGS) menjadi penting untuk mengevaluasi status gizi. Hingga saat ini belum ada penelitian di Indonesia yang mengevaluasi hubungan antara HGS dengan asupan kalori, protein dan magnesium, LILA dan massa otot pasien anak TM.Metode: Penelitian dengan desain studi potong lintang melibatkan 70 pasien TM anak, berusia 6-18 tahun di Pusat Talasemia RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo. Status gizi dievaluasi disertai pengukuran lingkar lengan atas (LILA). Asupan kalori, protein dan magnesium diperoleh melalui metode analisis diet semi-kuantitatif Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) dan Magnesium FFQ (MgFFQ). Kadar Mg serum dinilai dengan menggunakan metode enzimatik-kalorimetri. Massa otot diukur menggunakan Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) dan HGS dinilai menggunakan Dinamometer tangan Jamar.Hasil: Status gizi berdasarkan LILA/U sebagian besar berstatus gizi baik 42,9% dan malnutrisi 57,1% yakni gizi kurang (30,0%), gizi buruk (25,7%), dan obesitas (1,4%). Rerata kecukupan energi pada anak TM lelaki 100% (SB 17), sedangkan anak perempuan sebesar 112% (SB 27). Rerata asupan protein dan magnesium pada kedua kelompok lebih tinggi dibanding kebutuhan AKG. HGS berkorelasi kuat dengan massa otot (r=0,82), berkorelasi sedang dengan LILA (r=0,60), dan berkorelasi lemah dengan asupan kalori (r=-0,27), protein (r=-0,33) dan magnesium (r=-0,23), serta kadar magnesium (r=0,26). Hipermagnesemia dijumpai pada 23% subyek penelitian. Simpulan: Lebih dari separuh anak Talasemia mengalami malnutrisi walaupun asupan cukup. HGS berkorelasi dengan asupan nutrisi, LILA, dan massa otot.

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Background: Pediatric Thalassemia Major (TM) patients suffer from nutritional deficiencies due to insufficient nutritional intake. Avoidance of iron-rich foods often coincides with limiting protein intake. Micronutrient intake including magnesium is lower than in normal children. Muscle function is impaired earlier due to nutritional deficiencies than muscle mass. Assessment of muscle mass and Hand Grip Strength (HGS) is important for evaluating nutritional status. Until now there has been no research in Indonesia that evaluates the relationship between HGS and calorie, protein, and magnesium intake, LILA, and muscle mass in pediatric TM patients.

Methods: This research with a cross-sectional study design involved 70 pediatric TM patients, aged 6-18 years at the Thalassemia Center of RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo. Nutritional status is evaluated by measurement of mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). Calorie, protein, and magnesium intake was obtained through semi- quantitative dietary analysis methods Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) and Magnesium FFQ (MgFFQ). Serum Mg levels were assessed using the enzymatic calorimetric method. Muscle mass was measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) and HGS was assessed using a Jamar hand dynamometer.

Results: Nutritional status based on LILA/U was mostly good nutritional status 42.9% and malnutrition 57.1%, namely undernutrition (30.0%), poor nutrition (25.7%), and obesity (1.4%). The average energy adequacy for TM boys is 100% (SD 17), while for girls it is 112% (SD 27). The average intake of protein and magnesium in both groups was higher than the RDA requirements. HGS is strongly correlated with muscle mass (r=0.82), moderately correlated with LILA (r=0.60), and weakly correlated with calorie intake (r=-0.27), protein (r=-0.33), and magnesium (r=-0.23), as well as magnesium levels (r=0.26). Hypermagnesemia was found in 23% of study subjects.

Conclusion: More than half of Thalassemia children experience malnutrition despite adequate intake. HGS correlates with nutritional intake, MUAC, and muscle mass."

"Latar BelakangTalasemia adalah penyakit genetik yang memerlukan transfusi darah rutin yang berisiko menyebabkan penumpukan zat besi dan infeksi hepatitis B. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi seroprevalensi dan faktor-faktor terkait seroproteksi hepatitis B pada anak dengan talasemia bergantung transfusi (TDT) di Indonesia.MetodeStudi potong-lintang ini dilaksanakan di Pusat Talasemia, RSCM menggunakan data rekam medis 2023-2024.HasilSebanyak 219 anak dengan TDT diinklusi, terdiri dari 10,50% berusia <6,5 tahun, 42,90% berusia 6,5–11,49 tahun, dan 46,60% berusia ≥11,5 tahun. Mayoritas terdiagnosis talasemia beta mayor. Tidak ada (0,00%) anak dengan TDT yang positif HBsAg atau HIV. Sebagian besar (65,30%) memiliki titer anti-HBs nonreaktif, dengan satu anak positif titer anti-HCV. Selain itu, 45,20% anak dengan TDT tidak memiliki status imunisasi hepatitis B yang lengkap. Faktor yang signifikan berhubungan dengan seropositivitas hepatitis B adalah usia <11,5 tahun (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]/95% CI: 2,207/1,199 – 4,061, P = 0,011), perawakan normal (aOR/95% CI: 2,067/1,135 – 3,764, P = 0,018), dan status vaksinasi hepatitis B lengkap (aOR/95% CI: 2,413/1,315 – 4,427, P = 0,004). Faktor yang signifikan berhubungan dengan seropositivitas hepatitis B pada anak TDT yang memiliki status vaksinasi lengkap adalah perawakan normal (OR/95% CI: 1,348 – 6,029, P = 0,006).KesimpulanTerdapat 34,7% pasien anak dengan TDT yang reaktif anti-HBs, 2,7% reaktif anti-HBc total, dan tidak ada (0,0%) yang reaktif HBsAg, HBeAg, dan anti-HBe. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan seroproteksi hepatitis B pada anak dengan TDT meliputi usia di bawah 11,5 tahun, perawakan normal, dan status vaksinasi hepatitis B yang lengkap. Perawakan normal adalah satu-satunya hal yang berhubungan dengan seroproteksi pada anak TDT yang telah menerima vaksinasi lengkap.

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Introduction

Thalassemia is a genetic disorder requiring regular blood transfusions, which carry the risk of iron overload and hepatitis B infection. This study aims to evaluate the hepatitis B seroprevalence and associated factors in pediatrics with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) in Indonesia.

Method

This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Thalassemia Center, RSCM, utilizing medical record data from 2023 to 2024.

Results

A total of 219 TDT children were included, with 10.50% under 6.5 years old, 42.90% aged 6.5–11.49 years, and 46.60% aged ≥11.5 years. The majority were diagnosed with beta thalassemia major. None (0.00%) of the children tested positive for HBsAg or HIV. Most (65.30%) had non-reactive anti-HBs titers, with one child testing positive for anti- HCV. Additionally, 45.20% of the children with TDT did not have complete hepatitis B vaccination status. Factors significantly associated with hepatitis B seropositivity included age <11.5 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]/95% CI: 2.207/1.199 – 4.061, P = 0.011), normal stature (aOR/95% CI: 2.067/1.135 – 3.764, P = 0.018), and complete hepatitis B vaccination status (aOR/95% CI: 2.413/1.315 – 4.427, P = 0.004). Normal stature is the only significant factor (OR/95% CI: 1.348 – 6.029, P = 0.006) associated with hepatitis B seropositivity in TDT children with complete vaccination status. Conclusion

There are 34.7% of children with TDT who are reactive for anti-HBs, 2.7% reactive for total anti-HBc, and none (0.0%) reactive for HBsAg, HBeAg, and anti-HBe. Factors associated with hepatitis B seroprotection in children with TDT include age under 11.5 years, normal stature, and complete hepatitis B vaccination status. Among these factors, normal stature is the only factor related to seroprotection in TDT children who have received complete vaccination."

"Latar BelakangTalasemia adalah penyakit genetik yang memerlukan transfusi darah rutin yang berisiko menyebabkan penumpukan zat besi dan infeksi hepatitis B. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi seroprevalensi dan faktor-faktor terkait seroproteksi hepatitis B pada anak dengan talasemia bergantung transfusi (TDT) di Indonesia.MetodeStudi potong-lintang ini dilaksanakan di Pusat Talasemia, RSCM menggunakan data rekam medis 2023-2024.HasilSebanyak 219 anak dengan TDT diinklusi, terdiri dari 10,50% berusia <6,5 tahun, 42,90% berusia 6,5–11,49 tahun, dan 46,60% berusia ≥11,5 tahun. Mayoritas terdiagnosis talasemia beta mayor. Tidak ada (0,00%) anak dengan TDT yang positif HBsAg atau HIV. Sebagian besar (65,30%) memiliki titer anti-HBs nonreaktif, dengan satu anak positif titer anti-HCV. Selain itu, 45,20% anak dengan TDT tidak memiliki status imunisasi hepatitis B yang lengkap. Faktor yang signifikan berhubungan dengan seropositivitas hepatitis B adalah usia <11,5 tahun (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]/95% CI: 2,207/1,199 – 4,061, P = 0,011), perawakan normal (aOR/95% CI: 2,067/1,135 – 3,764, P = 0,018), dan status vaksinasi hepatitis B lengkap (aOR/95% CI: 2,413/1,315 – 4,427, P = 0,004). Faktor yang signifikan berhubungan dengan seropositivitas hepatitis B pada anak TDT yang memiliki status vaksinasi lengkap adalah perawakan normal (OR/95% CI: 1,348 – 6,029, P = 0,006).KesimpulanTerdapat 34,7% pasien anak dengan TDT yang reaktif anti-HBs, 2,7% reaktif anti-HBc total, dan tidak ada (0,0%) yang reaktif HBsAg, HBeAg, dan anti-HBe. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan seroproteksi hepatitis B pada anak dengan TDT meliputi usia di bawah 11,5 tahun, perawakan normal, dan status vaksinasi hepatitis B yang lengkap. Perawakan normal adalah satu-satunya hal yang berhubungan dengan seroproteksi pada anak TDT yang telah menerima vaksinasi lengkap.

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Introduction

Thalassemia is a genetic disorder requiring regular blood transfusions, which carry the risk of iron overload and hepatitis B infection. This study aims to evaluate the hepatitis B seroprevalence and associated factors in pediatrics with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) in Indonesia.

Method

This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Thalassemia Center, RSCM, utilizing medical record data from 2023 to 2024.

Results

A total of 219 TDT children were included, with 10.50% under 6.5 years old, 42.90% aged 6.5–11.49 years, and 46.60% aged ≥11.5 years. The majority were diagnosed with beta thalassemia major. None (0.00%) of the children tested positive for HBsAg or HIV. Most (65.30%) had non-reactive anti-HBs titers, with one child testing positive for anti- HCV. Additionally, 45.20% of the children with TDT did not have complete hepatitis B vaccination status. Factors significantly associated with hepatitis B seropositivity included age <11.5 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]/95% CI: 2.207/1.199 – 4.061, P = 0.011), normal stature (aOR/95% CI: 2.067/1.135 – 3.764, P = 0.018), and complete hepatitis B vaccination status (aOR/95% CI: 2.413/1.315 – 4.427, P = 0.004). Normal stature is the only significant factor (OR/95% CI: 1.348 – 6.029, P = 0.006) associated with hepatitis B seropositivity in TDT children with complete vaccination status. Conclusion

There are 34.7% of children with TDT who are reactive for anti-HBs, 2.7% reactive for total anti-HBc, and none (0.0%) reactive for HBsAg, HBeAg, and anti-HBe. Factors associated with hepatitis B seroprotection in children with TDT include age under 11.5 years, normal stature, and complete hepatitis B vaccination status. Among these factors, normal stature is the only factor related to seroprotection in TDT children who have received complete vaccination."

"Latar Belakang: Harapan hidup pasien thalasemia bergantung transfusi bertambah baik karena transfusi darah dan terapi kelasi besi yang sesuai. Penyakit jantung akibat toksisitas besi tetap menjadi penyebab utama kematian pada pasien thalasemia bergantung transfusi. MRI T2* jantung dapat mendeteksi dini toksisitas besi di jantung dan dapat mengevaluasi hasil pengobatan dengan membandingkan nilai T2* pra dan pasca terapi kelasi besi.Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan profil perbaikan toksisitas besi di jantung pada pasien thalasemia dewasa bergantung transfusi. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk melihat kesesuaian antara perbaikan nilai T2* jantung dengan perbaikan feritin serum dan saturasi transferin.Metode Penelitian: pre and post test dengan data sekunder retrospektif pada pasien dewasa thalasemia bergantung transfusi yang kontrol di poliklinik thalasemia Kiara dan poliklinik dewasa hematologi-onkologi medik RSUPN Cipto Mangukusumo. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juli-Desember 2019. Data sekunder diperoleh dari rekam medis dan registri pasien thalasemia berupa riwayat medis, jenis obat kelasi besi, nilai T2* jantung satu tahun berturut-turut, kadar feritin serum dan saturasi transferin. Analisis data berupa data deskriptif dan uji marginal homogeneity serta uji kappa.Hasil: Sebanyak 115 pasien dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Terdapat perbaikan T2* jantung sebanyak 7,0% dan menetap baik (T2* jantung tetap >20 milidetik) sebanyak 72,2%. Tidak terdapat kesesuaian antara perbaikan nilai T2* jantung dengan perbaikan feritin serum (nilai kappa = 0,044) dan perbaikan nilai T2* jantung dengan saturasi transferin ( nilai kappa = 0,011).Simpulan: Perbaikan toksisitas besi di jantung pasca terapi kelasi besi sebanyak 7,0% dan menetap baik sebanyak 72,2%. Tidak terdapat kesesuaian antara perbaikan nilai T2* jantung dengan perbaikan kadar feritin serum dan saturasi transferin.

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Background: Life expectancy of the transfusion dependent thalassemia patients is getting better because of blood transfusion and appropriate iron chelation therapy. Heart disease due to iron toxicity remains the leading cause of death in thalassemia patients who need transfusion. MRI T2* can allow to detect premature iron toxicity in the heart and can evaluate the results by comparing myocardial T2* pre and post iron chelation therapy.Objectives: This study aims to obtain a profile of improvement in cardiac iron toxicity in adult thalassemia patients who need transfusion. This study also supports to see aggrement between improvement in myocardial T2* with improved serum ferritin level and transferrin saturation.Methods: pre and post test with retrospective secondary data in adult thalassemia patients requiring controlled transfusions in Kiara thalassemia clinic and hematology-medical oncology clinic Cipto Mangukusumo General Hospital. The study was conducted in July-Desember 2019. Data were obtained from medical records and thalassemia registry, which consisted of medical history, type of chelation, myocardial T2* within one year, serum ferritin level and transferrin saturation. Data analysis was performed in descriptive data and marginal homogeneity test and Kappa test.Results: A total of 115 patients were included in this study. There was an improvement of a myocardial T2* in 7.0% patients and persistently good (myocardial T2* remains >20 milliseconds) in 72.2%. There was no agreement between improvement in myocardial T2* with improvement in serum ferritin level (kappa value 0.044) and improvement in myocardial T2* with transferrin saturation (kappa value 0.011).Conclusion: Improvement of cardiac iron toxicity after iron chelation therapy was 7.0% and persistently good in 72.2%. There was no agreement between the improvement in myocardial T2* with improvement in serum ferritin level and transferrin saturation."

"Latar Belakang: Pencapaian target transfusi darah pada pasien thalassemia beta bergantung transfusi dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor diantaranya adalah genotip, hipersplenisme, kompatibilitas darah, kecukupan darah donor dan interval transfusi. Ukuran limpa dapat dijadikan salah satu indikator keberhasilan pencapaian target transfusi darah selain kadar hemoglobin.Tujuan: Mengetahui proporsi pasien yang mencapai target optimal kadar hemoglobin pra dan pascatransfusi, menentukan faktor-faktor yang terkait dengan pencapaian target kadar hemoglobin pra dan pascatransfusi dan menilai hubungan antara pencapaian target kadar hemoglobin pra dan pascatransfusi dengan ukuran limpa pada pasien dewasa thalassemia beta bergantung transfusi.Metode: Penelitian cohort retrospective dengan pengambilan 200 subjek secara total sampling pada pasien dewasa rawat jalan Poliklinik thalassemia Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo. Data dianalisis dari 110 subjek berupa anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisis dan laboratorium.Hasil: Sebanyak 200 pasien thalassemia beta bergantung transfusi yang rutin kontrol ke poliklinik thalassemia Kiara RSCM, diikuti secara kohort sejak bulan Juni 2017 sampai Juni 2018. 110 subjek penelitian memenuhi kriteria inklusi diantaranya subjek thalassemia beta mayor 53 (48,2%) dan beta HbE bergantung transfusi 57 (51,8%). Proporsi subjek yang mencapai target kadar Hb pratransfusi yaitu 18 (16,4%) dan 22 (20,0%) subjek yang mencapai target Hb pasca. Sebanyak 8 (7,3%) subjek mencapai target kadar Hb pra dan pascatransfusi darah. Faktor kecukupan darah donor berhubungan dengan pencapaian target kadar Hb pra dan pascatransfusi (p=0,008) yaitu subjek yang hanya memiliki selisih permintaan darah < 30ml/KgBB/tahun. Pada 93 subjek penelitian tahap 2, didapatkan perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok yang tercapai kadar Hb pra dan pascatransfusi darah dengan yang tidak tercapai terhadap delta ukuran limpa (p <0,001).Simpulan: Faktor kecukupan darah donor berhubungan dengan pencapaian target kadar hemoglobin pra dan pascatransfusi. Pencapaian target kadar hemoglobin pra dan pascatransfusi berhubungan dengan ukuran limpa.

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Background: Achieving the target of blood transfusion in transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia patients is influenced by various factors including genotype, hypersplenism, blood compatibility, donor blood adequacy and transfusion interval. The size of the spleen can be one indicator of the success of achieving blood transfusion targets in addition to hemoglobin levels.

Objective: Determine the proportion of patients who achieve the optimal target hemoglobin level pre and post transfusion, determine the factors that are related to achieving pre and post transfusion hemoglobin levels and assess the relationship between achieving pre and post transfusion hemoglobin levels with spleen size in adult beta thalassemia transfusion dependent patients.

Methods: A cohort retrospective study, with total sampling of 200 adult thalassemia transfusion dependent patient at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Data taken from 110 eligible subject in the form of medical history, physical examination and laboratory.

Result: 200 transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia patients who routinely visit the RSCM thalassemia Kiara polyclinic, followed in cohort from June 2017 to June 2018. 110 study subjects fulfilled the inclusion criteria including 53 (48.2%) major beta thalassemia subjects and transfusion-dependent HbE beta 57 (51.8%). The proportion of subjects who achieved pre-transfusion Hb target levels was 18 (16.4%) and 22 (20.0%) subjects who achieved the post Hb target. A total of 8 (7.3%) subjects achieved pre and post transfusion Hb levels. The donor blood adequacy factor is related to the achievement of pre and post transfusion Hb target levels (p = 0.008), namely subjects who only have a blood demand difference of <30ml/KgBB/year. In 93 research subjects, there was a significant difference between groups who achieved pre and post-transfusion Hb levels with those that were not reached against the delta of spleen size (p <0.001).

Conclusion: Adequacy factor of donors blood is related to achieving target pre and post transfusion hemoglobin levels. The achievement of the target pre and post transfusion hemoglobin levels is related to the size of the spleen."

"Massa otot memiliki banyak manfaat, termasuk untuk aktivitas kehidupan sehari-hari dan memengaruhi dalam kinerja olahraga. Selain itu, otot juga berperan sebagai pencegahan dari berbagai kondisi patologis dan penyakit kronis yang umum terjadi. Kemajuan teknologi telah membuat massa otot semakin mudah diukur dengan akurat, namun tidak semua kegiatan dapat mengakses alat ukur massa otot dengan mudah terkait alat ukur yang terbatas dan terbilang mahal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menciptakan metode alternatif menghitung massa otot berdasarkan ukuran lingkar betis, lingkar otot lengan atas, dan lingkar lengan atas pada karyawan Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan total sampel 96 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya korelasi kuat pada jenis kelamin yang tidak dibedakan antara lingkar otot lengan atas dengan massa otot r = 0,545, korelasi kuat pada laki-laki antara lingkar lengan atas dengan massa otot r = 0,650, serta korelasi kuat pada perempuan antara lingkar betis dengan massa otot r = 0,716. Model prediksi yang paling ideal digunakan adalah Massa Otot kg = 11,964 JK 1,108 LiLA cm 0,07 LOLA cm 5,757 dengan nilai akurasi 0,829 dan pertimbangan akurasi yang tinggi serta kemudahan pengaplikasian di lapangan.

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Muscle mass has many benefits, including for daily activities and sports performance. In addition, muscle also serves as a prevention of various pathological conditions and chronic diseases are common. Advanced technology makes easier to measure muscle mass accurately, but not all activities can easily access muscle mass measurements with limited and costly measuring instruments.

The purpose of this study is to create an alternative method of calculating muscle mass based on calf circumference, mid upper arm muscle circumference, and mid upper arm circumference on employees of Public Health Faculty, Universitas Indonesia. This study used cross sectional design and samples total in this study are 96 respondents.

The results showed a strong correlation of all samples between mid upper arm muscle circumference and muscle mass r 0,545, strong correlation in males sample between mid upper arm circumference and muscle mass r 0,650, and strong correlation in women samples between calf circumference and muscle mass r 0,716. The most ideal prediction model used is Muscle Mass kg 11,964 JK 1,108 LiLA cm-0,07 LOLA cm 5,757 with correlation value 0,829, high accuracy and applicable in the field. "

"Otot merupakan fungsi dari aktivitas sehari-hari. Seiring bertambahnya usia, perubahan organ tubuh menyebabkan penurunan massa otot yang berakibat pada individu lanjut usia mengalami penurunan kekuatan tubuh sehingga mobilitasnya berkurang, kesulitan dalam melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari, kesulitan menjaga keseimbangan tubuh, meningkatkan resiko seseorang mengidap penyakit. orang lanjut usia mudah jatuh dan mengalami patah tulang. Namun demikian tidak semua metode pengukuran massa otot apendikuler praktis dan murah sehingga diperlukan metode lain yang dapat mengukur massa otot apendikuler dengan biaya yang sederhana, praktis, dan murah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan model prediksi massa otot apendikuler berdasarkan lingkar tengah paha, lingkar betis dan lingkar lengan atas sebagai alternatif pengukuran massa otot pada lansia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian potong lintang dengan jumlah sampel 101 individu berusia ≥60 tahun (37 laki-laki dan 64 perempuan) di Desa Kadumanggu. Model prediksi yang dihasilkan adalah Massa Otot Apendikuler (kg) = (64.171 x Tinggi Badan (m)) + (1.710 x Indeks Massa Tubuh (kg / m2)) - (0.109 x Lingkar Lengan Atas (cm)) + 0.178 x Lingkar Betis (cm)) + (0,033 x Lingkar Paha Tengah (cm)) - (0,535 x Berat Badan (kg)) - (0,065 x Usia (tahun)) - 98,098 untuk pria lanjut usia (R2 = 0,710; LIHAT = 1, 43 kg ; p <0,05) dan Massa Otot Apendikular (kg) = (8,987 x Tinggi Badan (m)) - (0,170 x Indeks Massa Tubuh (kg / m2)) - (0,117 x Lingkar Lengan Atas (cm)) + (0,121 x Lingkar Betis (cm)) - (0,025 x Lingkar Paha Tengah (cm)) + (0,160 x Berat Badan (kg)) - (0,059 x Usia (tahun)) - 6,491 untuk wanita (R2 = 0,700; LIHAT = 1,23 kg; p <0,05). Model prediksi ini menunjukkan bahwa berat badan, tinggi badan, indeks massa tubuh, umur, lingkar tengah paha, lingkar betis, dan lingkar lengan atas memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan massa otot apendikuler.

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Muscle is a function of daily activities. With age, changes in body organs cause a decrease in muscle mass which results in elderly individuals experiencing a decrease in body strength so that their mobility is reduced, difficulty in carrying out daily activities, difficulty maintaining body balance, increasing a person's risk of suffering from disease. elderly people fall easily and have broken bones. However, not all methods of measuring appendicular muscle mass are practical and inexpensive so that another method is needed that can measure appendicular muscle mass at a cost that is simple, practical, and inexpensive. The purpose of this study was to obtain a predictive model for appendicular muscle mass based on mid-thigh circumference, calf circumference and upper arm circumference as an alternative to measuring muscle mass in the elderly. This study used a cross-sectional study design with a total sample of 101 individuals aged ≥60 years (37 males and 64 females) in Kadumanggu Village. The resulting prediction model is Appendicular Muscle Mass (kg) = (64,171 x Body Height (m)) + (1,710 x Body Mass Index (kg / m2)) - (0.109 x Upper Arm Circumference (cm)) + 0.178 x Calf Circumference (cm)) + (0.033 x Mid Thigh Circumference (cm)) - (0.535 x Body Weight (kg)) - (0.065 x Age (years)) - 98.098 for elderly men (R2 = 0.710; VIEW = 1.43 kg; p <0.05) and Appendicular Muscle Mass (kg) = (8.987 x Body Height (m)) - (0.170 x Body Mass Index (kg / m2)) - (0.117 x Upper Arm Circumference (cm)) + (0.121 x Calf Circumference (cm)) - (0.025 x Mid Thigh Circumference (cm)) + (0.160 x Body Weight (kg)) - (0.059 x Age (years)) - 6.491 for women (R2 = 0.700; VIEW = 1.23 kg; p <0.05). This predictive model shows that body weight, height, body mass index, age, mid-thigh circumference, calf circumference, and upper arm circumference have a significant relationship with appendicular muscle mass."

"Latar Belakang: Obesitas merupakan kondisi inflamasi kronik yang dapat mengakibatkan penurunan massa otot dan kekuatan genggam tangan. Salah satu nutrisi yang berperan untuk meningkatkan sintesis protein dan menurunkan degradasi protein, yaitu eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat korelasi antara asupan EPA dengan massa otot dan kekuatan genggam tangan pada karyawan kantoran dengan obesitas.Metode: Penelitian potong lintang ini dilakukan pada subjek karyawan kantoran dengan obesitas. Asupan EPA dinilai dengan food frequency questionnaire semi kuantitatif. Massa otot diukur dengan menggunakan multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis. Sedangkan, kekuatan genggam tangan diukur menggunakan electric dynamometer.Hasil: Penelitian ini mencakup 41 subjek penelitian yang memiliki median usia 35 (21-56) tahun dengan jumlah subjek perempuan lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan subjek laki-laki. Subjek penelitian dengan obesitas derajat 1 sebanyak 16 orang (39%) dan obesitas derajat 2 sebanyak 25 orang (61%). Subjek memiliki rerata asupan EPA sebesar 152,3±64,64 mg. Subjek penelitian memiliki median massa otot sebesar 19,8 (15,3-46,5) kg dan median kekuatan genggam tangan sebesar 24,5 (17,8-42,9) kg. Penelitian ini mendapatkan nilai koefisien korelasi cukup dan signifikan antara asupan EPA dengan massa otot (r=0,335, p=0,032). Sedangkan, tidak didapatkan korelasi yang bermakna antara asupan EPA dengan kekuatan genggam tangan.Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi bermakna antara asupan EPA dengan massa otot pada karyawan kantoran dengan obesitas. Namun, tidak didapatkan korelasi antara asupan EPA dengan kekuatan genggam tangan.

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Background: Obesity is a chronic inflammatory condition that can lead to decrease muscle mass and handgrip strength. One of the nutrients that plays role in increasing protein synthesis and reducing protein degradation is eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). This study aims to investigate the correlation between EPA intake with muscle mass and handgrip strength in office workers with obesity.

method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the subject of office workers with obesity. EPA intake was assessed with semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Muscle mass was measured using a multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis. Meanwhile, handgrip strength was measured using a electric dynamometer

Results: This study included fourty one subjects with a median age of 35 (21-56) years old, mostly were female subjects. There were 16 people with obesity grade 1 (39%) and 25 people with obesity grade 2 (61%). Average EPA intake was 152,3±64,64 mg. The subjects had a median muscle mass of 19,8 (15,3-46,5) kg and median handgrip strength of 24,5 (17,8-42,9) kg. There was adequate correlation between EPA intake and muscle mass (r=0,335, p=0,032). There was no significant correlation between EPA intake and handgrip strength

Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between EPA intake muscle mass in office workers with obesity. However, there was no correlation between EPA intake and handgrip strength."