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"Jumlah penduduk Indonesia yang terus meningkat mengakibatkan semakin tingginya permintaan pasokan barang dalam memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat. Sebagai negara kepulauan, moda transportasi laut menjadi sangat penting dan harus dikembangkan dengan baik untuk mengakomodasi kebutuhan masyarakat di daerah kepulauan yang minim akan akses pasokan barang. Hal ini tentunya akan berdampak pada peningkatan bangkitan perjalanan. Kepulauan Seribu merupakan salah satu contoh daerah kepulauan yang terletak di dekat area perkotaan Jakarta dimana terdapat kesenjangan kualitas transportasi, khususnya pada transportasi barang. Dengan demikian, diperlukan proses demand forecasting sebagai dasar peningkatan kualitas transportasi di wilayah Kepulauan Seribu sebagai representasi wilayah kepulauan di Indonesia melalui penelitian tentang bangkitan perjalanan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis faktor yang memengaruhi bangkitan perjalanan dan mengembangkan model bangkitan perjalanan barang di Kepulauan Seribu yang mencakup seluruh jenis barang dengan istilah general cargo. Model yang digunakan adalah freight generation yang akan mengestimasi volume (ton/hari) bangkitan perjalanan di masa mendatang. Digunakan data sekunder berupa manifes kapal atau pencatatan barang pada pelabuhan sebagai sumber data perjalanan barang dari dan menuju Kepulauan Seribu. Pemodelan dibuat menggunakan metode regresi linear dengan melakuan tahapan uji statistik untuk mendapatkan model terbaik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah penduduk merupakan faktor atau variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap bangkitan perjalanan barang. Penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai dasar pertimbangan dalam mengembangkan dan meningkatkain kualitas transportasi logistik khususnya di wilayah kepulauan.

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The continuously increasing population of Indonesia leads to higher demand for the supply of goods to meet societal needs. As an archipelagic country, maritime transportation modes become crucial and must be well-developed to accommodate the needs of communities in island regions that lack access to goods supply. This inevitably impacts the rise in trip generation. Kepulauan Seribu is an example of an island region located near the urban area of Jakarta where there is a disparity in transportation quality, particularly in goods transportation. Thus, demand forecasting is needed to improve transportation quality in Kepulauan Seribu as a representative of island regions in Indonesia through freight generation research. This study aims to identify the factors influencing freight generation and predict the freight generation model in Kepulauan Seribu, including all types of goods referred to as general cargo. The model used to predict is the freight generation model, which estimates the volume (tons/day) of freight generation in the future. Secondary data, such as ship manifests or goods records at ports, were used as sources of freight travel data to and from Kepulauan Seribu. The modeling was conducted using the linear regression method with statistical tests to obtain the best model. The results indicate that the population is the most influential factor or variable on freight generation. This study can be used as a fundamental consideration in developing and enhancing the quality of logistics transportation, particularly in archipelagic regions."

"Indonesia adalah salah satu negara kepulauan terbesar di dunia. Mengingat pentingnya logistik laut di Indonesia, diperlukannya kajian mengenai pemodelan freight trip generation moda kapal di wilayah kepulauan. Kabupaten Kepulauan Seribu, yang terletak di Provinsi DK Jakarta, merupakan salah satu dari banyak wilayah kepulauan kecil di Indonesia yang menggunakan transportasi laut sebagai transportasi utamanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi bangkitan dan tarikan perjalanan kapal terkait pergerakan barang di wilayah studi Kepulauan Seribu serta untuk mengembangkan model bangkitan dan tarikan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode analisis regresi linear, di mana jumlah perjalanan kapal menjadi variabel terikat yang ditinjau. Variabel bebas yang digunakan dalam analisis meliputi luas wilayah pulau, jumlah penduduk, dan jarak terdekat pulau ke pelabuhan di Pulau Jawa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap bangkitan dan tarikan perjalanan barang adalah jumlah penduduk dan jarak terdekat pulau ke pelabuhan di Pulau Jawa. Temuan ini dapat digunakan oleh perencana transportasi untuk mengestimasi jumlah bangkitan perjalanan di kepulauan kecil di masa mendatang. Hasil estimasi tersebut dapat menjadi pertimbangan penting dalam perencanaan sarana dan prasarana pendukung transportasi laut, terutama terkait perjalanan barang.

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Indonesia is one of the largest archipelagic countries in the world. Considering the importance of maritime logistics in Indonesia, it is necessary to study the modelling of freight trip generation for ship mode in archipelagic regions. The Kepulauan Seribu Regency, located in the DK Jakarta Province, is one of the many small archipelagic regions in Indonesia that relies on sea transportation as its primary mode of transport. This study aims to analyze the factors affecting the generation and attraction of ship trips related to freight movement in the Kepulauan Seribu study area and to develop a model for such generation and attraction. This research employs a quantitative approach using linear regression analysis, with the number of ship trips as the dependent variable. The independent variables used in the analysis include the island area, population size, and the nearest distance of the island to a port in Jawa Island. The results of the study indicate that the most influential variables on the generation and attraction of freight trips are the population size and the nearest distance of the island to a port in Jawa Island. These findings can be utilized by transportation planners to estimate the number of freight trips generated in small archipelagic regions in the future. These estimates can serve as important considerations in the planning of infrastructure and support facilities for maritime transport, especially concerning freight movements."

"Inter-island freight transport costs in eastern compared to western Indonesia are relatively high, caused by operator charges for roundtrip fees. In order to make the distribution of freight efficient, the network of freight transport needs to be rationalized on a regional basis. The output from the regional model counts are few and far between in relation to intercity traffic volume data, and the disaggregate model at a regional level requires more effort in conducting travel route surveys. Therefore, aggregated analysis is preferable initially, based on the traffic volume and the commodity flow for inter-island freight transport. The accessibility and connectivity of the land use can be obtained from the freight distribution model as a measurement to evaluate different land use scenarios and also to provide feedback for land use modeling, as a parameter for freight location choice. With a freight distribution model to identify freight commodity supply and demand in a particular region, potential freight transport generation uses such variables, which consider generalized transport costs. Using the Furness and Maximum Entropy models, the results indicate that Furness model finishes in the 4th iteration and Maximum Entropy in 6th, while the negative exponential function offers the best calibrated estimation, using sea freight movement data. It was also found that the positive value of ? means that any increment of travel time decreased the rate of freight flow, which mirrored the conditions in reality: the higher travel costs, the fewer the number of flows between zones. The data is analyzed in the context of modeling intra-city freight flow in the archipelagic region of northern Maluku."

"Sebagai negara maritim dengan luas perairan lebih dari tiga kali luas daratan, salah satu cara meningkatkan kegiatan logistik di Indonesia terutama dalam menyesuaikan diri terhadap perkembangan revolusi industri 4.0 adalah dengan meningkatkan produktivitas logistik maritimnya. Produktivitas tersebut dapat ditingkatkan dengan merampingkan kegiatan di terminal peti kemas. Hal yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengoptimalkan kinerja pelabuhan tersebut adalah dengan mengefisiensikan proses stowage planning. Faktor yang dapat dikembangkan pada stowage planning adalah waktu pengerjaan, waktu pelaksanaan, stabilitas kapal, dan minimnya overstow. Penelitian ini menggunakan algoritma stowage planning untuk membangun sebuah aplikasi dalam bahasa pemrograman Python. Aplikasi yang dibangun nantinya dapat digunakan untuk membuat peta stowage plan untuk kapal tipe general cargo dan cargo barge dengan mengutamakan keseimbangan kapal dan rendahnya overstow dalam waktu yang singkat.

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As a maritime country whose water area is three times wider than its land, Indonesia has one of the ways to increase the logistic activities especially in adjusting to the development of the industry 4.0 by enhancing the productivity of maritime logistics in a way of streamlining the action at unit terminal container. In order to optimize the performance of the port, the efficiency of stowage planning process is done. Some factors which can be evolved in stowage planning are processing time, ship stability, and minimum overstow. This research uses the stowage planning algorithm to develop an application in Python programming language. This application will eventually be used to create a stowage plan map for general cargo ship and cargo barge vessel in by prioritizing the ship stability, as well avoiding low overstow in a short time.

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"Pengakuan terhadap prinsip negara kepulauan Indonesia dalam UNCLOS 1982 harus dibayar dengan mengakomodir kepentingan yang sah dan hak-hak tertentu negara pengguna perairan negara kepulauan, berupa hak lintas kapal dan pesawat udara asing melalui alur laut kepulauan. Indonesia kemudian menentukan skema alur laut kepulauan, yang dikenal dengan Alur Laut Kepulauan Indonesia (ALKI) yang terdiri dari ALKI I, ALKI II, dan ALKI III beserta cabangcabangnya. Namun, menurut Amerika Serikat dan Australia, penetapan tiga ALKI tersebut belum cukup mengakomodir kepentingan mereka. Menurut Amerika Serikat, Indonesia telah membatasi hak terbang diatas perairan kepulauan Indonesia dan terjadi ketidakkonsistenan penetapan hak lintas dalam UNCLOS 1982. Hasjim Djalal, pakar hukum laut interrnasional menjelaskan bahwa sehubungan dengan belum ditentukannya ALKI dari timur ke barat, maka kapalkapal asing yang melalui perairan Indonesia dari arah timur ke barat berhak menentukan sendiri jalur pelayaran mereka. Apabila Indonesia menginginkan kapal asing melintas di jalur yang dikehendaki, maka Indonesia harus secepatnya menentukan alur laut kepulauan Indonesia timur-barat. Penelitian ini akan mengkaji apakah Indonesia perlu memenuhi tuntutan dunia internasional untuk membuka ALKI Barat-Timur, dengan mempertimbangkan berbagai aspek dan implikasi yang mungkin terjadi jika ALKI Barat-Timur tersebut diwujudkan.

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Recognition of the principles of Indonesia archipelagic state in UNCLOS 1982, should be paid to accommodate the legitimate interests and rights of certain countries that use the waters in the archipelagic state, in the form of a right of passage of foreign ships and aircrafts through archipelagic sea lanes. Indonesia then determines the archipelagic sea lanes scheme, known as the Indonesian archipelagic sea lanes (ALKI) consisting of ALKI I, ALKI II and III and their branches. However, according to the United States and Australia, the establishment of three ALKI are not sufficient to accommodate their interests. According to the United States, Indonesia has restricted the right to navigate over the waters of Indonesia and there is an inconsistency in the determination of a right of passage based on UNCLOS 1982. Hasjim Djalal, an expert on the International Law of the Sea explained that considering the fact that the ALKI from east to west has yet to be determined, the foreign ships through Indonesian waters from east to west, has the right to determine their own shipping line. If Indonesia wants every foreign ships to pass in the desired track, then Indonesia should immediately determine the Indonesian east-west archipelagic sea lane east-west. This study will examine whether Indonesia needs to fulfill the demands of the international community to open ALKI West-East, taking into account various aspects and implications that may occur if the East-West ALKI is realized."

"Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan terbesar dan juga merupakan negara maritim mengingat Indonesia memiliki 13.466 pulau yang berpotensi sangat besar. PT. Ocean Mitramas yang sebelumnya bergerak di industri perikanan ingin melakukan utilisasi kapal angkut ikan nya menjadi kapal kargo & penumpang. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai biaya-biaya apa saja yang akan muncul dari operasional kapal kargo penumpang tersebut dan apa saja yang akan menjadi pemasukan dari kapal kargo & penumpang setelah dioperasikan. Penelitian ini berfokus pada kedua permasalahan PT. Ocean Mitramas tersebut. Analisis akan dilakukan dan diolah dengan menggunakan metode Cargo Allocation Model (CAM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PT. Ocean Mitramas dapat meningkatkan muatan kargo nya sampai dengan tingkat kenaikan sebesar 80%. Disisi lain, PT. Ocean mitramas perlu menurunkan biaya bahan bakar dan meningkatkan tarif kargo agar dapat menurunkan biaya operasional kapal kargo setiap bulannya menjadi Rp 473,345,834.

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Indonesia is the largest archipelagic state and also being maritime country. It is supported by the fact of Indonesia has 13,466 islands which have large potentiality. PT. Ocean Mitramas, operates in fishing industry, wants to utilize its fish vessel into cargo ship and passenger (commercial) ship.

This research discusses what kind of costs that will arise by operating its passenger cargo ship and what kind of income from its cargo ship and passenger ship after they are operated. Thus, the research focuses on those two major problems in PT. Ocean Mitramas. The analysis was done by using Cargo Allocation Model (CAM) Method.

The result shows that PT. Ocean Mitramas could increase its cargo freight until 80%. In other hands, PT. Ocean Mitramas needs to decrease the fuel cost and increase the cargo fare in terms of decreasing the operational cost of cargo ship into Rp 473,345,834 per month."

"The study is aimed at proposing a solution for preventing ship accidents, ship collisions in particular, in Indonesia's busiest ferry crossing lane between Merak on Java Island and Bakauheni on Sumatera Island on the Sunda Strait, which intersects with the Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lane. The Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lane is provided by the Government of Indonesia, an archipelagic country, as an international passageway for ships sailing through Indonesian waters from the Indian Ocean to the South China Sea and the Pacific Ocean, by implementing a traffic separation scheme that regulates traffic proceeding in opposite or nearly opposite directions by means of a separation zone or line, traffic lane, etc. The study is motivated by records of fatal accidents that have taken place in the strait, and a portrait of the congested crossing lane is provided. The concept of a traffic separation scheme and its implementation in the Sunda Strait is simulated, with the conclusion that the scheme could minimize potential collisions between ships sailing through the strait. Therefore, it is urgent for the government to implement the scheme."

"Skripsi ini membahas mengenai penentuan lokasi hub di PT TEU Penelitian ini disusun dengan rancangan studi kasus dengan menerapkan model Olivares Benitez et al 2012 yang sudah disederhanakan sesuai dengan kondisi objek penelitian Terdapat 3 lokasi pilihan yang akan dikaji sebagai lokasi hub optimal yang dapat meminimumkan biaya total Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa lokasi yang didapatkan dari solusi model ini memberikan total biaya lebih kecil dibandingkan total biaya saat ini di PT TEU Hasil analisis sensitivitas menemukan bahwa biaya sewa memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap lokasi hub optimal

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This research discusses hub location at PT TEU This research is conducted with a case study design to apply the simplified version of Olivares Benitez et al 2012 model There are 3 alternative locations that will be studied to minimize the total cost The results of the research indicate that the location selected from the model has lower total cost than current total cost at PT TEU Sensitivity analysis results found that fixed cost at hub has significant impact on optimal hub location;"

"Container allocation problem selama ini identik dengan sistem dorong (push system) karena kegiatan mengalokasikan kontainer tersebut biasanya dirancang di depot kontainer laksana titik origin. Sistem dorong memiliki kekurangan dimana pengguna tidak fleksibel dalam mengontrol kapabilitas dan laju produksi di gudang selaku titik tujuan. Penelitian container allocation problem di titik tujuan dengan sistem tarik (pull system) adalah merancang sebuah model alokasi kontainer kargo dari depot kontainer ke gudang yang lebih hemat dengan metode mixed integer linear programming (MILP). Studi kasus dilakukan pada remote area pertambangan dengan data 306 kontainer kargo di depot kontainer yang akan di alokasikan ke 4 gudang. Setiap gudang memiliki kendala kapasitas area pembongkaran kontainer dan kapabilitas manpower dalam menerima jumlah line items dalam suatu kontainer kargo. Waktu tunggu (dwell time) dan biaya sewa kontainer per hari mulai dihitung ketika kontainer kargo pindah dari kapal menuju depot kontainer. Hasil perancangan model alokasi kontainer kargo menggunakan MILP dengan sistem tarik berhasil memaksimalkan penghematan biaya gudang sebesar 41,17% dan menuntaskan 306 kontainer kargo lebih cepat 7 hari dibandingkan dengan model alokasi kontainer kargo sebelumnya.

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ontainer allocation problem so far is identical to the push system because the activity of allocating containers is usually designed at container depot as point of origin. The push system has a disadvantage where users are not flexible to control the capability and rate of production that occurs at warehouse as point of destination. Research on container allocation problem at point of destination with a pull system is to design a model to allocate cargo containers from container depot to warehouse which is more efficient using the mixed integer linear programming (MILP) method. The case study was conducted in a remote mining area with data on 306 cargo containers at the container depot which will be allocated to 4 warehouses. Each warehouse has constraints on unloading area capacity and manpower capability in receiving the number of line items in cargo containers. Dwell time and container rental cost per day start to be calculated when the cargo containers move from vessel to container depot. Results for the design of cargo container allocation model using MILP with a pull system successful to maximize warehouse cost savings of 41,17% and completing 306 cargo containers 7 days faster than the previous cargo container allocation model."